Aircraft Maintenance

Manuals for Engineers

Prepared By:
Engr. Malay Kanti Bala
EASA Part-66 B1.1 Instructor

PGP in Aircraft Leasing and Financing

Masters in Sustainable Air Transport Management

MBA in Engineering Management

BSc in Aeronautical Engineering

EASA B1.1 Licensed Engineer

 Learning Objectives

By The End of The Lesson Audience Will Be Able to:

֍ Introduce with different Aircraft Maintenance Manuals

֍ Explain about Different AMM
֍ Describe about Line and Base Maintenance
 What is Aircraft Manual ?

Aircraft manual is a book or approved document which is used for

flight operation, inspection, servicing, troubleshooting, removal,
installation, rectifying, repairing and maintenance of the aircraft
structure, parts or components.
Examples:
- Wheel Removal/ Installation
-Wings Inspection
Approved by Manufacturer and NAA
Manufacturer: Boeing, Airbus, Embraer, Cessna etc.
CAA: DGCA-India, CAAB- Bangladesh, EASA-EU, FAA-USA.
 Where Used AMM?

According to uses we may divide as blow in:

֍ Line Maintenance - Ramp
֍ Base Maintenance – Hangar
֍ Workshop Use – Hangar
 Line Maintenance
This would typically include Pre-flight checks, daily checks (before first flight) fluids,
failure rectification as well as minor, scheduled maintenance tasks as follows.
According to EASA /CAAB Part 145, AMC 145.A.10, line maintenance should be
understood as
“any maintenance that is carried out before flight to ensure that the aircraft is fit for
the intended flight.” This may include:
֍ Trouble shooting and Defect rectification
֍ Component replacement, up to and including engines and propellers, with use of external test
equipment if required

֍ Scheduled maintenance and/or checks including visual inspections that will detect obvious
failures but do not require extensive in-depth inspection. It may also include internal structure,
systems and powerplant items which are visible through quick opening access panels/doors

֍ Minor repairs and modifications which do not require extensive disassembly and can be
accomplished by simple means

֍ EASA Part 145, AMC 145.A.10 also explains that “for temporary or occasional cases (ADs,
SBs) the Quality Manager may accept base maintenance tasks to be performed by a line
maintenance organization provided all requirements are fulfilled as defined by the competent
authority”. It is also noted that “Maintenance tasks falling outside these criteria are considered to
be Base Maintenance”.
 Base Maintenance
Base maintenance may be referred to as heavy ( or depth) maintenance and
consists of tasks that are generally more in-depth and long-lasting than line
maintenance but are performed less frequently. An MRO (maintenance, repair and
overhaul) company will have to have large facilities and specialized equipment
and staff to undertake base maintenance, and many operators contract-out this
function. The different activities may include:
֍ C and D Checks (block checks see Maintenance Programe) which will check
for deterioration of the airframe, engines and systems, e.g. corrosion, fatigue
֍ Removal of defects – implementation of Service Bulletins (SB) and
Airworthiness Directives (AD), although this can also be done during Line
maintenance.
֍ Technology upgrade – fitting of Terrain Avoidance and Warning System
(TAWS), Airborne Collision Avoidance System (ACAS), GPS etc
֍ Cabin reconfiguration, painting etc.
 When Used AMM?

Aircraft
Maintenance

Schedule Unscheduled
Maintenance Maintenance
 Aircraft Schedule Maintenance

Maintenance Activities that are defined by its

component’s manufacturer. Such maintenance need
to be performed upon set interval defined by
manufacturer
The intervals are based on:
֍ Aircraft Flying Hours
֍ Aircraft Landing Cycles
֍ Calendar time (since manufacture or installation)
 Aircraft Unschedule Maintenance

Such maintenance activities need to be performed

based on its occurrence (accident or incident) and
do not have any fixed schedule frequency.

Examples:
֍ Hard Landing –Wheel Assy R/I due to worn out
֍ Lightening Strick – During flight
֍ Bird Strike- Take off or Landing
 Different Aircraft Manuals

TEM- Tools and Equipment Manuals

AMM- Aircraft Maintenance Manual

MPD- Maintenance Planning Document CML- Consumable Materials List

FIM- Fault Isolation Manual CDL- Configuration Deviation List

MEL- Minimum Equipment List CMM- Component Maintenance Manual

IPC- Illustrated Parts Catalogue EMM-Engine Maintenance Manual

SDM- Schematic Diagram Manual OEM- Original Equipment Manufacturer

EWDM- Electrical Wring Diagram Manual NDTM- Non-Destructive Testing Manual
 AMM-Aircraft Maintenance Manual
It’s a formal document of manufacturer for accomplishing the job related to maintenance
including includes items such as lubrication system functional checks and servicing of the
airplane but usually excludes structural repairs and modifications. According to aircraft
type the manual instructions will be different. It’s the mother of manuals.
֍ In the AMM we may found the problems and solutions as per the ATA chapters.

֍ Chapter- Subsystems-Components
֍ AMM has two parts (Part I System Description and Part II Practices and Procedures )
Aircraft Maintenance Manual Feature
֍ Servicing
֍ Removal and Installation
֍ Deactivation and Reactivation
֍ Test and Adjustment
• Operational Test
• Functional Test
• System Test
• BITE Test
֍ Inspection/Check
• Detailed Inspection
• General Visual Inspection
• Special Detailed Inspection
֍ Cleaning and Painting
֍ Repairs
 FIM- Fault Isolation Manual

֍ Use to repair airplane faults

֍ Fault isolation process with fault report, fault codes or a fault
description
֍ The FIM will identify the correct maintenance action to solve the
fault.
֍ BY BITE (Built in Test Equipment) test get the fault code
֍ Fault code refer to FIM
 SRM- Structure Repair Manual

Its supplies descriptive information and specific

instructions to help in field repair of Airplane
structure.
Most airplane structures include a fuselage, wings,
an empennage, landing gear, and a powerplant
It’s not customized and Issued by Manufacturer

Given data for:

- Allowable damage evaluation
- Typical repairs
- Materials Identification
- Alignment check
- Fastener's installation etc.
MPD- Maintenance Planning Document

The Maintenance planning documents (MPDs) are

provided by aircraft manufacturers to describe the
repetitive tasks that are required to maintain their
aircraft. Maintenance planning engineers use the
MPD information to develop operator maintenance
programs (OMPs) that are then submitted to the
relevant aviation authority for approval
 IPC- Illustrated Parts Catalog

֍IPC means the document which

provides the information needed to
identify and requisition all
replaceable assemblies,
subassemblies, components, and parts
used on the Aircraft.
֍ Made by OEM
֍ Used to find location, quantities
and Part Number
 MEL-Minimum Equipment List

֍ A minimum equipment list (MEL) is a list which provides

for the operation of aircraft, subject to specified conditions,
with particular equipment inoperative (which is) prepared
by an operator in conformity with, or more restrictive than,
the MMEL established for the aircraft type. An operator may
not operate an aircraft which does not comply with the
approved MEL

֍ The aim of this list is to postpone the aircraft maintenance

and continue with the operations, avoiding delays and
cancellations, whenever possible and when the associated risk
of the inoperative equipment is under control.

֍ The MEL is a more restrictive document than MMEL

 EWDM-Electrical Wiring Diagrams

Wiring Diagram Manual (WDM) that provided airline maintenance teams with a precise
representation of an airplane’s wiring system. However, the process of locating the exact
wiring harness, junction, wire, or other electrical component takes time away from the
mechanic’s real job: fixing a problem so the airplane can return to service. Its represent
 -Wire Size
 Type of Terminal
 Part Number and Serial Number
Type:
Block diagram, Pictorial diagram, Schematic Diagram
 SDM- Schematic Diagram
Schematic diagrams of electrical, electronic, and hydraulic systems
on the aircraft as well as logic diagrams contains the detailed
information and identifies wiring harnesses, connectors, and
interfacing equipment.
 CDL-Configuration Deviation List

Involves configuration of the aircraft

Information on panels, fairings, and similar
variations in configuration that can be
nonstandard at dispatch as long is it does not
affect the safety of flight
CMM- Component Maintenance Manual

A Component Maintenance Manual

(CMM) is a formal document that
details how to accomplish off-aircraft
maintenance tasks on an aircraft
component. The maintenance tasks
contained in the CMM include the
information required to check, repair,
adjust, and test units or assemblies, and
contain enough detail to return the
component to a serviceable condition.
EMM-Engine Maintenance Manual

֍ It’s a principal manual of the Aircraft.

֍ 40% maintenance cost goes to Engine.
֍ Provided by OEM then the Aircraft
Manufacturer company (Boeing or Airbus)
added in the AMM.
֍ Engine in the Aeroplane maintenance done
my AMM
֍ Engine in workshop use EMM for repair, R/I
and Overhauling etc.
OEM- Original Equipment Manufacturer

The approved manual given by the component or

equipment manufacturer know as Original
Equipment Manufacturer.

Example: Engine Maintenance Manual its

prepared by the engine manufacturer (Safran,
CFM)
 NDTM- Non-Destructive Testing Manual
Non-Destructive Testing manual is the approved
document for testing the parts, equipment or component
without broken it.

֍ Visual NDT (VT)

֍ Ultrasonic NDT (UT)
֍ Radiography NDT (RT)
֍ Eddy Current NDT (ET)
֍ Magnetic Particle NDT (MT)
֍ Acoustic Emission NDT (AE)
֍ Dye Penetrant NDT (PT)
 References

https://skybrary.aero/articles/aircraft-maintenance-manual-amm
https://www.aviationhunt.com/aircraft-maintenance-manual/
https://www.ibm.com/docs/en/maximo-for-aviation/7.6.2?topic=SS5RRF_7.6.2/com.ibm.acm.doc/plusampd/c_mpd_overview.html
https://skybrary.aero/articles/minimum-equipment-list-mel
https://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/structure+repair+manual
https://innovationdiscoveries.space/wiring-diagrams-and-wire-types-aircraft-electrical-system/
https://www.google.com/search?q=what+is+Aircraft+SDM-+Schematic+Diagram+Manual&rlz=1C1GCEU_enSA952SA952&hl=bn&sxsrf=APq-
WBtnJ__Re5oBAz7ysWpv8Ln_axRerQ:1644344771118&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwixiuHP3fD1AhWeh_0HHUoWAGkQ_AUoAnoECAEQ
BA&biw=1600&bih=770&dpr=1.2#imgrc=gh4lG6jQUvRcIM
https://www.aecinc.com/free-aerospace-cmm-template/
https://aerosavvy.com/aircraft-wheels/
https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/business-aviation/2021-04-12/jet-aviation-approved-new-ndt-technique
EASA Part 66 B1.1 Training Materials
https://www.easa.europa.eu/
https://www.caab.gov.bd/
AME Familiarization by Deepak Chandra Chandola
 Question & Answer

Thank you!

Malay Kanti Bala

malaybala737@gmail.com

malaykantibala