Residentially Nuclear but functionally extended Consaguineal (blood) Affinal (marriage) Filipino who move away to study or work in cities, locally & abroad, tend to stay with their more affluent relatives and this increases the size of the family household The extended family system is further enlarged by the compadrazgo system, a legacy of Spanish colonial Catholicism EGALITARIAN ROLE More wealthy & powerful acquaintances, close - Social role of mother = Social role of father friend, or neighbor of the natural law parent is PATRIARCHAL ROLE called on to serve as a godparent (known as ninong - Men rule over women orninang to the child) and as surrogate parental BABAYLAN relationship to the child by virtue of acting as a - Babaeng pinipili ng datu para mamuno sponsor at the religious rights of baptism, - Political advisers to datu confirmation, and marriage. Godparents or - Fortune tellers, witch doctor, compadres also assume more active roles as SURNAME benefactors who may be expected to participate in - Is based on the place where you are born their godly socialization, oversee his/her religious - Thus for example, names may be inherited education, assist in times of financial need, contribute to the cost of the child’s education and PRE-COLONIAL assist in finding him or her employment In addition to compadres, landlords, and employers may further e viewed as surrogate parents to adult family members; thus, other social institution and relationships also become incorporated into the extended family system. The compadrazgo system extends and binds family ties, loyalties, obligations, reciprocity, and interdependence among people in the community. Through this expanded network of kinship relationships, a is likely to consider 100 or more individuals as relatives, Consanguineal or biological ties, however, remain POST-COLONIAL by far the most important relations. The blood bond is so close that even distant relatives are recognized Familism gives emphasis on the welfare and interest of the family over the welfare and interest of the community, as it is the basis of group action. The Filipino likely puts value on this notion of kinship by prioritizing his family and connects it to his responsibility over his community This is because his awareness of Self is identified with his family, wherein in his part, he is made aware of his social responsibilities and to be involved in the family’s everyday business. This means that all his undertakings must adhere to the approval of his family Philippine Literature: Sadness Collector This is often true among impoverished families - Felt by a person who’s been gone for long where all members (father, mother and children) e.g. When people of Israel left Egypt to help pitch in any economical aid for the eldest child search for their land to finish his or her education - They do not exactly know where they Eventually, this child will in turn help the siblings to belong either also finish their education and/or contribute - OFW suffers this because of loss of culture to the family budget and loss of family Even after marriage, this responsibility is passed - Dysfunctional, sad & dangerous because of along to the spouse the things that could happen to them 3 FILIPINO FAMILY VALUES - Suffers this because they miss their family 1. Loyalty (blood is thicker than water) DISLOCATION 2. Obligation Family is left with things without function 3. Interdependence Social & economic effect of one person’s absence TYPICAL FAMILY MAXIM ABOUT MARRIAGE affecting those who the person has left behind “Kapag nag-asawa ka ay nagiging asaawa mo rin ang Rica’s aunties often comment of her mother’s problema ng asawa mo” decision to go to Paris, taking care of other people’s “That once you marry, you also marry the problems children while Rica cries herself to sleep of your would-be spouse.” OFW mothers take away 80% of care giving factors This notion of familial responsibility is both when they leave constructive and destructive. Constructive since it As many young adults with migrant mothers feel builds into the child a sense of importance and neglected or abandoned, they do not see their family bond. But destructive as it can also cause fathers performing the “caring work” in the family dependency for those relatives who often lose self Children with mothers abroad tend to be “more confidence and worth. Relying only on the help of angry, confused, apathetic and more afraid their more privileged, but emburdened, provider. DISPLACEMENT As with the encroachment of globalization and Yung role ng nanay, iba na ang gumagawa modernity continue, the traditional concepts Process whereby strong negative or positive regarding the Filipino family is dramatically affected emotions directed towards an object or person are, and problematized because they are for some reason blocked, BAYANI redirected on to another object or person - Taga-bayan Rica’s father most usually takes god care of her, - Taong tumutulong sa bayan even in dressing her hair As soon as Rica’s mother left for Paris to work as a domestic helper, her father has since repeatedly Sadness Collector told her the story of the Big Lady (supposedly an MAGICAL REALISM imaginary creature who goes to collect any traces of Different from fantasy (created world of logic) sadness in everyone’s kitchen) to distract or divert books. Fantasy examples: Lord of the Rings, her loneliness Harry Potter The Big lady “goes from house to house and eats Enacts upon reality itself the sadness in many houses, it just keeps on Happens in our own world growing each day, and can’t stop growing too” 2 PREMISES Her father often comes home drunk late at night 1. Hyperbole – exaggeration He refuses to read the letters from her mom in Paris “You are flying” – People accept that it is The sadness collector/Big Lady became Rica’s very true without astonishment defense mechanism 2. Culture – superstitions, traditions, rituals “…she has listened intently to all the night noises Big Lady comes when Rica cries from the kitchen” Diaspora – home sickness “No, that sound is not scurrying of mice – she’s actually checking the plates now, lifting the lid off Philippine Literature: Sadness Collector the rice pot, peeking into cups for sadness, both overt and unspoken." Big Lady knows, has always known. This feast will last her a lifetime if she does not burst tonight. The last letter from her mom is with a bank draft and a Parisian hat.