School of Chemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus

GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF CHEMISTRY - CHEM110

TEST 2

Date: Tuesday 6 April 2010 Total marks: 25

Time: 18h00 – 18h45
Examiner: Mrs H Govender
IMPORTANT: Complete this part immediately.

Name:

Student No:

Tutorial Day:

Tutorial Venue:

Tutor’s Name:

INSTRUCTIONS:
1. Answer ALL questions.
2. For Section A which contains the multiple choice questions, follow the instructions given
in the question.
3. Calculators may be used but all working must be shown.
4. The pages of this test must not be unpinned.
5. Your answers for Section B must be written on the question paper in the spaces provided.
The left-hand pages may be used for extra space or for rough work.
6. Marks will be deducted for the incorrect use of significant figures and the omission of
units.
7. You must write legibly in black or blue ink. Pencils and Tipp-Ex are not allowed.
8. This test consists of 8 pages. Please check that you have them all.
9. A data sheet and a periodic table are provided.

Question Section
1 2 3 4 5 Total
No. A
Mark
 School of Chemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban
CHEM110: General Principles of Chemistry
TEST 2: Tuesday, 6 April 2010

SECTION A - Multiple Choice Questions

• For each of the following questions, select the correct answer from the list provided.
• There is only one correct answer for each question.
• There is no negative marking.

1. Identify the oxidising agent in the following equation. (1)

Cu(s) + PtCl2(aq) → CuCl2(aq) + Pt(s)

A Pt(s)

B CuCl2(aq)

C PtCl2(aq)

D Cu(s)

2. Identify the equation which represents a redox reaction. (1)

A 2Mg(s) + O2(g) → 2MgO(s)

B SO2(g) + H2O(l) → H2SO3(aq)

C 2NaOH(aq) + H2SO4(aq) → Na2SO4(aq) + 2H2O(l)

D NH4Cl(aq) + AgNO3(aq) → NH4NO3(aq) + AgCl(s)

3. If the volume of a confined gas is doubled while the temperature remains constant, what
change (if any) would be observed in the pressure? (1)

A An increase.

B It would remain the same.

C Not enough information to answer the question.

D A decrease.

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 School of Chemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban
CHEM110: General Principles of Chemistry
TEST 2: Tuesday, 6 April 2010

4. Non-ideal behavior for a gas is most likely to be observed under conditions of: (1)

A standard temperature and pressure.

B low temperature and high pressure.

C low temperature and low pressure.

D high temperature and low pressure.

5. An absorption spectrum is observed when electrons: (1)

A move from ground to excited states.

B travel in stationary orbits.

C move from higher energy levels to lower energy levels.

D are expelled from the atom.

[5]

End of Section A

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 School of Chemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban
CHEM110: General Principles of Chemistry
TEST 2: Tuesday, 6 April 2010
SECTION B
QUESTION 1

Write the balanced molecular, total ionic and net ionic equations for the reaction between sodium
iodide, NaI, and lead(П) nitrate, Pb(NO3)2. Indicate the phase of each species. (3)

Molecular equation : 2NaI(aq) + Pb(NO3)2(aq) → PbI2(s) + 2NaNO3(aq)

Total ionic equation: 2Na+(aq) + 2I-(aq) + Pb2+(aq) + 2NO3-(aq) → PbI2(s) + 2Na+(aq) +

2NO3-(aq)

Net ionic equation: Pb2+(aq) + 2I-(aq) → PbI2(s)

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 School of Chemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban
CHEM110: General Principles of Chemistry
TEST 2: Tuesday, 6 April 2010
QUESTION 2

Balance the following redox equation in acidic medium (show all relevant steps):
Cr2O72- + Cl- → Cr3+ + Cl2 (6)

1. Separate into half reactions and balance elements other than H & O:
Cr2O72- → Cr3+ Cl- → Cl2
2. Balance atoms other than oxygen and hydrogen
Cr2O72- → 2Cr3+ 2Cl- → Cl2
3. Balance O by adding H2O:
Cr2O72- → 2Cr3+ + 7H2O
4. Balance H by adding H+:
Cr2O72- + 14H+ → 2Cr3+ + 7H2O
5. Balance the charge by adding electrons:
Cr2O72- + 14H+ + 6e- → 2Cr3+ + 7H2O 2Cl- → Cl2 + 2e-
6. Balance the electrons:
Cr2O72- + 14H+ + 6e- → 2Cr3+ + 7H2O
2Cl- → Cl2 + 2e- (x3)
7. Add the two half reactions and cancel
Balanced overall equation:
Cr2O72- + 6Cl- + 14H+ → 2Cr3+ + 3Cl2 + 7H2O

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 School of Chemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban
CHEM110: General Principles of Chemistry
TEST 2: Tuesday, 6 April 2010
QUESTION 3

What volume (in cm3) of a 0.2030 M NaOH solution is needed to neutralize 25.00 mL of a 0.1880 M
H2SO4 solution? The balanced chemical reaction for the neutralization reaction is:
2NaOH(aq) + H2SO4(aq) → Na2SO4(aq) + 2H2O(l) (2)

nNaOH = 2nH2SO4
MNaOH x VNaOH = 2(MH2SO4 × VH2SO4)
VNaOH = 2(0.1880 mol dm-3 × 0.02500 dm3)/0.2030 mol dm-3
= 0.04631 dm3
= 46.31 cm3

OR
nH2SO4 = (0.1880 mol dm-3 × 0.02500 dm3)
= 0.0047 mol
nNaOH = 2nH2SO4
= 2 × 0.0047 mol
= 0.0094 mol
VNaOH = 0.0094 mol/0.2030 mol dm-3
= 0.04631 L
= 46.31 mL

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 School of Chemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban
CHEM110: General Principles of Chemistry
TEST 2: Tuesday, 6 April 2010

QUESTION 4

a) The total volume of oxygen that can be obtained from a particular tank at 1.0 atm and 21 °C
is 785 L. Determine the volume of oxygen if the temperature had been 28 °C.
(2)
Vi/Ti = Vf/Tf

Vf = ViTf/Ti = 785 L × (301 K) = 804 L

294 K

b) Carbon dioxide, CO2, is effective in fire extinguishers partly because its density is greater
than air. Calculate the density of CO2, in g L-1 at 25 °C and 0.854 atm. All working
must be shown. (3)
Convert pressure and temperature: T = (273 oC + 25 oC) × 1K/1oC = 298 K
Convert pressure to Pa
Pressure = 0.854 atm = 8.65 × 104 Pa (1 atm = 1.013 x105 Pa - as contained in data sheet)

MP
d=
RT
44.01 g mol −1 × 8.65 × 10 4 Pa
=
8.315 m 3 Pa mol −1 K −1 × 298 K
= 1536 g m 3
= 1.54 g L−1

c) At 738 mmHg and 24 °C, 0.393 mole of nitrogen gas is contained in 9.87 L. What volume
would 0.393 mole of argon gas occupy at 738 mmHg and 24 °C? Give a reason for your
answer. (1)
The volume of argon is 9.87 L.
Reason: The two gases are at the same temperature and pressure. Therefore, 0.393 mole of
argon gas must be contained in the same volume as 0.393 mole of nitrogen. Since the volume
of nitrogen is 9.87 liters, the volume of argon is 9.87 L.

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 School of Chemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban
CHEM110: General Principles of Chemistry
TEST 2: Tuesday, 6 April 2010

QUESTION 5

Determine the wavelength (in nm) of light emitted when the electron in a hydrogen atom undergoes
a transition from energy level n = 4 to n = 2. (3)
-18
Rydberg constant, RH = 2.179 × 10 J

∆E = RH (1/ni2 – 1/nf2)
= 2.179 × 10-18J (1/(42) – 1/(22))
= -4.086 × 10-19J

E = hc/λ

λ = hc/E = (6.626 × 10-34 Js )×(2.998 × 108 m.s-1)/4.086 × 10-19J

= 4.86 x 10-7 m (convert λ in m to nm)
λ in nm = 486 nm

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