HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER

Heat Transfer
• Heat always moves from a warmer place to a cooler place.
• Hot objects in a cooler room will cool to room temperature.
• Cold objects in a warmer room will heat up to room temperature.
Heat Transfer Methods

• Heat transfers in three ways:

• Conduction
• Convection
• Radiation
Conduction
• Conduction is the transfer of heat from one part of a body to another
part of the same body, or from one body to another body in physical
contact.
Fourier’s Law of Heat Conduction
Thermal conductivity (K)
• The thermal conductivity k is a measure of a material’s ability to conduct
heat.
• Unit is W/mK

For example,
• k = 0.608 W/m·°C for water and
• k = 80.2 W/m·°C for iron at room temperature,
which indicates that iron conducts heat more than 100 times faster than
water can.

• Thus water is a poor heat conductor relative to iron

Why does metal feel colder than wood, if they
are both at the same temperature?
• Metal is a conductor, wood is an insulator.
• Metal conducts the heat away from your hands.
• Wood does not conduct the heat away from your hands as well as the
metal, so the wood feels warmer than the metal.
Applications
 Problems
Determine the heat transfer through the plane of length 6m, height 4m
and thickness are 0.30m. The temperature of inner and outer surfaces
are 1000C and 400C. Thermal conductivity of wall is 0.55W/m0C.