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Orthographic Projection: Six Basic Views
Orthographic Projection: Six Basic Views
Orthographic Projection
Orthographic projection is a system of drawing to represent 3D objects by using multiple-
view drawings. The word “Ortho” is a Greek word that means right or true. In this system
of projection, the 3D object is projected perpendicularly onto a projection plane with
parallel projectors. (See Figure 2.1.)
Projection Systems
There are two systems of orthographic projection. In the other system, the projection plane
is located at the far side of the object and the view is projected backward onto it. (See
Figure 2.4.) Compare this with Figure 2.1.
Similarly, there are six orthogonal viewing directions. You may also regard the object as
being placed inside a box. (See Figure 2.5.)
Figure 2.6 shows how the drawing would look like after cutting and spreading out the box.
Note the difference between this system and the aforementioned system by comparing
Figure 2.6 with Figure 2.3.
Projection symbols
To indicate the system of projection used, you should print one of the symbols shown in
Figure 2.10 on your drawing.
Assignments
Produce a top view, front view, and side view of the components shown in Figures 2.11 and
2.12.
Chapter 2 Orthographic Projection 9