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Introduction to Polymer Matrix Composites
18-21 April 2005
1
fibre volume fraction
0.8
glass
0.6
HS carbon
0.4
aramid
0.2
0
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
fibre weight fraction
2R
R 2 2
Vf max = 2
= = 0.908 91%
3R 2 3
90
80
70
E-glass CSM
60 E-glass CFM
E-glass roving
Vf (%)
50
E-glass woven fabric
40 Kevlar woven fabric
30 UD carbon
20 carbon fabric
10
0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2
1/2
square root pressure (bar)
fibre
area = 1 m2 d
Berat serat = nAw
nAw
nAw nAw
Vf = d=
Volume serat =
rf
rf d rfVf
Introduction to Polymer Matrix Composites 7
The Basics Composite Design & Micromechanics
2. Mikromekanik
2.1 Definisi
Mikromekanik: Kajian sifat-sifat komposit dimana interaksi antara
material penyusun dibahas secara rinci.
Heterogen: Sifat material bervariasi di semua tempat.
Homogen: Sifat material sama di semua tempat.
Isotropik: Sifat material sama di segala arah.
Anisotropik: Sifat material bergantung pada arah.
1
2
Longitudinal
Transversal
r c = r f v f + r m vm
1
rc =
(w f r f ) + (wm r m )
50
40
30
20
10
0
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8
fibre volume fraction
Introduction to Polymer Matrix Composites 13
The Basics Composite Design & Micromechanics
8
glass/epoxy
6
4
2
0
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8
fibre volume fraction
Ef Em
E2 =
Em Vf + Ef (1 - Vf )
Dimana
Em
Em =
1 - m2
Introduction to Polymer Matrix Composites 16
The Basics Composite Design & Micromechanics
(M f / M m ) - 1 M 1 + Vf
= dimana =
(M f / M m ) + Mm 1 - Vf
M = Modulus komposit E2, G12, atau 12
Mf = Modulus serat E2, G12, atau 12
Mm = Modulus matriks E2, G12, atau 12
= Ukuran penguatan serat dalam komposit; fungsi dari geometri serat,
geometri susunan serat serta kondisi pembebanan Fitting factor
Gm
ccu =
(1 - V f )
3/ 2
2V f
ccu = Em E f
V f E f my
3(1 - V f )
ccu =
3(1 - V f )
fmax = Ef
L < Lc L = Lc
fibre tensile stress
fmax = Ef
Lc / 2
L > Lc
Introduction to Polymer Matrix Composites 27
The Basics Composite Design & Micromechanics
centre
D 2
DLc line
max
f =
4 2
fmax
max
D
Lc = f
2 Lc / 2
Lc max
c = = f
L
L < Lc
L = Lc
Lc
L > Lc L
L >>> Lc
(cont. fiber)
Introduction to Polymer Matrix Composites 30
The Basics Composite Design & Micromechanics
Longitudinal Transversal
dimana dimana
E = L o Ef Vf + Em (1-Vf )
60
tensile modulus (GPa)
50
40 UD
30 biaxial
20 CSM
10
0
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8
fibre volume fraction