education during the Spanish Regime and Its

Colonial Effects to the Filipinos

The friars controlled the educational system during the Spanish times. They owned different
schools, ranging from the primary level to the tertiary levels of education. The missionaries took
charge in teaching, controlling and maintaining the rules and regulations imposed to the students.

These missionaries emphasized the teachings of the Catholic religion starting from the primary
level to the tertiary level of education. The students in the primary level were taught the
Christian Doctrines, the reading of Spanish books and a little of the natives' language. Science
and Mathematics were not very much taught to the students even in the universities. Aside from
the Christian Doctrines taught, Latin was also taught to the students instead of Spanish.

The schools before were exclusive for the Spaniards. The Filipinos were only able to enter the
schoo.1 in the late 19th century. The schools also limited their accommodations to the sons of
wealthy Filipino families in 1863.
Although the schools were already open for Filipinos, the friars still believed that the Filipinos
would not be able to match their skills and that the only way for the Filipinos to learn fast was
to impose upon them strict discipline which means applying corporal punishment.

Schools Built By the Spaniards

The schools for boys and girls were separated. The first established schools were exclusive for
the boys. The Augustinians built the first school in the Philippines situated in Cebu in 1565.

College was equivalent to a university during the Spanish regime. The student graduated with the
degree in Bachelor of Arts (Bachiller en Artes). The first college school for the boys was the
"Colegio de San Ignacio" which was established by the Jesuits in Manila in 1589. They also
established the "Colegio de San Idelfonso" in Cebu in 1595. In 1601, "Colegio de San Jose" was
established. Meanwhile, in 1589, the "Escuela Pia" was entrusted by the government to the
Jesuits. Later, this was called Ateneo de Municipal which is now the famous Ateneo de Manila
University.

The Dominicans also made a name as they established one of the best universities in the
Philippines, the University of Santo Tomas, that was opened in 1611. In 1630, the Dominicans
established another university, the "San Juan de Letran" for the orphaned boys.

"Colegio de Santa Potenciana" was the first school and college for girls. This was opened in 1589.
Following the birth of the first school for women, Colegio de Santa Isabel opened in 1632. The
religious congregations also established schools for the girls called "beaterio". The so-called
"beaterio" was meant for orphaned girls who could not afford to educate themselves. The
subjects taught were housekeeping, cooking, sewing and embroidery-making, and others intended
for good housekeeping.
Effects of Colonial Education in the Philippines

The effect of education to the Filipinos was only compelled to the friars' influences from their
lessons based on the Christian Doctrines or teachings. Indeed, the friars were effective in
evangelizing the Catholic religion to the Filipinos.

One major failure of the educational system of the religious congregations was the withholding
of the Filipinos to learn other bodies of knowledge. Besides limiting education to the teaching of
Spanish, Latin, and the Filipino languages, the teaching of Religion was also given emphasis. Thus,
the teaching of Mathematics and Science were neglected.

In entirety, education during the Spanish regime was privileged only to Spanish students. The
supposed Philippine education was only a means to remain in the Philippines as colonizers. For this
reason, the Filipinos became followers to the Spaniards in their own country. Even auspicious
Filipinos became cronies, to the extent that even their life styles were patterned from the
Spaniards.

Meanwhile, several educated Filipinos referred to as ilustrados began movements directed

towards change in the system of government in the Philippines. Despite their wealth and
education, the ilustrados were still considered by the Spaniards to be inferior. One of the goals
of the ilustrado was to be in the same level with the proud Spaniards. The growing number of
ilustrados in the Philippines maybe considered one of the major effects of education by the
Spaniards in the Philippines.

Education during the Spanish Regime and Its Colonial Effects to the Filipinos

. During the Spanish Colonial Period of the Philippines (1565-1898) most of the archipelago
underwent a deep cultural, religious transformation from various native Asian cultures and
traditions with Islamic or animist religious practices, to a unique hybrid of Southeast Asia and
Western culture including the Catholic faith.
1. 4. Spanish education played a major role in that transformation. The oldest universities,
colleges, vocational schools and the first modern public education system in Asia were
created during the colonial period.
2. 5. Education was still in the early stage of development during the Spanish period. Even by
the late 19th century, the Spanish language was still unknown to a great majority. They were
literate in their own native dialects. The Spanish aristocracy tried to distinguish themselves
from the indios with the use of language and level education.
3. 6. THE EARLY PERIOD
4. 7. During the early years of Spanish colonization, education was mostly religionoriented and
controlled by the Roman Catholic Church. Spanish friars and missionaries educated the
natives through religion with the aim of converting indigenous populations to the Catholic
faith.
5. 8. System of Writing during the Spanish Regime was Latin Alphabet. ALBOLADORA
6. 9. The Augustinians opened a school immediately upon arriving in Cebú in 1565.
Augustinians Friars
7. 10. The Franciscans arrived in 1577, and they, too, immediately taught the people how to
read and write, besides imparting to them important industrial and agricultural techniques.
Franciscans Friars
8. 11. The Jesuits who arrived in 1581 also concentrated on teaching the young. When the
Dominicans arrived in 1587, they did the same thing Jesuits Priests
9. 12. The friars were effective in evangelizing the Catholic religion to the Filipinos. One major
failure of the educational system of the religious congregations was the withholding of the
Filipinos to learn other bodies of knowledge. Education during the Spanish regime was
privileged only to Spanish students. Several educated Filipinos referred to as ilustrados
began movements directed towards change in the system of government in the Philippines.
10. 13. The Chinese language version of the Doctrina Christiana (Christian Doctrine) was the
first book printed in the Philippines in about 1590 to 1592.
11. 14. Tomas Pinpin VILLASANTA
12. 15. In 1610 Tomas Pinpin a Filipino printer, writer and publisher, who is sometimes referred
as the "Patriarch of Filipino Printing", wrote his famous Librong Pagaaralan nang manga
Tagalog nang Uicang Castilla, that was meant to help Filipinos learn the Spanish language.
The prologue read:
13. 16. “Let us therefore study, my country men, for although the art of learning is somewhat
difficult, yet if we are persevering, we shall soon improve our knowledge. Other Tagalogs like
us did not take a year to learn the Spanish language when using my book. This good result
has given me satisfaction and encouraged me to print my work, so that all may derive some
profit from it.”
14. 17. Tertiary Schools
15. 18. Colegio de Santa Potenciana was the first school and college for girls that opened in the
Philippines, in 1589. It was followed by another school for women, Colegio de Santa Isabel,
that opened in 1632. Other Schools and Colleges for girls were Santa Catalina, Santa Rosa,
La Concordia, etc. Several religious congregations also established schools for orphaned
girls who could not educate themselves.
16. 19. Colegio de Santa Isabel
17. 20. Colegio de Santa Rosa
18. 21. In 1590, the Universidad de San Ignacio was founded in Manila by the Jesuits, initially as
the Colegio-Seminario de San Ignacio.
19. 22. The Universidad de San Carlos was founded in Cebú by the Jesuits on August 1, 1595,
initially named as the Colegio de San Ildefonso. It closed down in 1769 as a result of the
expulsion of the Jesuits from the Philippines and didn't open again until 1783. ABRIAM
20. 23. On April 28, 1611, the Universidad de Santo Tomás was founded in Manila, initially
named as the Colegio de Nuestra Señora del Santísimo Rosario and later renamed as
Colegio de Santo Tomas.
21. 24. In 1611, Fray Miguel de Benavides, the third archbishop of Manila established the
Colegio de Nuestra Senora del Santissimo Rosario, later renamed Universidad de Santo
Tomas (in 1645 by Pope Innocent X). Universidad de Santo Tomas
22. 25. Archbishop Fray Miguel de Benavides Pope Innocent X
23. 26. San Carlos and Santo Tomás maintain a friendly rivalry over the claim to be the oldest
university in Asia. The University of San Carlos makes the claim of tracing its roots to the
Colegio de San Ildefonso founded by the Spanish Jesuits fathers Antonio Sedeno, Pedro
Chirino and Antonio Pereira in 1595.
24. 27. The Jesuits also founded the Colegio de San José (1601) and took over the
management of a school that became the Escuela Municipal (1859, later renamed Ateneo
Municipal de Manila in 1865, now the Ateneo de Manila University).
25. 28. The Dominicans on their part had the Colegio de San Juan de Letrán(1620) in Manila. All
of them provided courses leading to different prestigious degrees, like the Bachiller en Artes,
that by the 19th century included science subjects such as physics, chemistry, natural history
and mathematics. BANAAG
26. 29. In 1621, College of San Ignacio was elevated to the rank of a university by Pope Gregory
XV and was named University of san Ignacio. However, this school was closed in 1768 when
the Jesuits were expelled from the country. Pope Gregory XV
27. 30. The Franciscans nuns was established the Real Monasterio de Santa Clara (now St.
Claire Convent of Manila), the first nunnery in the Philippines in 1621. San Juan de Letran for
the orphaned boy established in 1630.
28. 31. San Juan de Letran
29. 32. The girls were also given special education. Schools were of two kinds: •COLEGIO - a
regular school for girls •BEATERIO – a combined school and nunnery. The first college for
girls in the Philippines was the College of Santa Potenciana (1594). After the school ceased
its operations, the students transferred to College of Santa Isabel, now the oldest existing
college for girls in the country. The institution was originally built to care for orphaned
Spanish girls. Eventually, it became an exclusive school for the daughters of affluent
Spaniards.
30. 33. In 1640, the Universidad de San Felipe de Austria was established in Manila. It was the
first public university created by the Spanish government in the Philippines. It closed down in
1643. During the 18th century, the Faculty of Jurisprudence and Canonical Law was
established. In 1871, several schools of medicine and pharmacy were opened.
31. 34. SECONDARY SCHOOLS
32. 35. A Nautical School was created on January 1, 1820 which offered a four-year course of
study (for the profession of pilot of merchant marine) that included subjects such as
arithmetic, algebra, geometry, trigonometry, physics, hydrography, meteorology, navigati on
and pilotage. A School of Commercial Accounting and a School of French and English
Languages were established in 1839. YUSON
33. 36. The Don Honorio Ventura College of Arts and Trades (DHVCAT) in Bacolor, Pampanga
is said to be the oldest official vocational school in Asia. Augustinian Friar Juan Zita and civic
leader Don Felino Gil established the vocational school on November 4, 1861. The Manila
School of Agriculture was created in 1887, although it was unable to open its doors until July
1889.
34. 37. Agricultural schools and monitoring stations, run by professors who were agricultural
engineers, were also established in Isabela, Ilocos, Albay, Cebú, Iloílo, Leyte an d parts of
Mindanao. The Real SociedadEconómica de los Amigos del País de Filipinas (Royal
Economic Society of Friends of the Philippines) was first introduced in the islands in 1780,
and offered local and foreign scholarships to Filipinos, professorships and financed trips of
scientists from Spain to the Philippines.
35. 38. The Observatorio Meteorológico del Ateneo Municipal de Manila (Manila Observatory)
was founded in 1865 by the Jesuits after an article they published in the newspaper Diario de
Manila, describing typhoon observations made on September 1865, attracted the attention of
many readers who publicly requested for the observations to be continued.
36. 39. MODERN PUBLIC SYSTEM OF EDUCATION
37. 40. Modern public school education was introduced in Spain only in 1857. Free access to
modern public education by all Filipinos was made possible through the enactment of the
Education Decree of December 20, 1863 by Queen Isabella II. The Education Decree of
1863 provided for the establishment of at least two free primary schools, one for boys and
another for girls, in each town under the responsibility of the municipal government. It also
commended the creation of a free public normal school to train men as teachers, supervised
by the Jesuits.
38. 41. One of these schools was the Escuela Normal Elemental, which, in 1896 became the
Escuela Normal Superior de Maestros de Manila (Manila Ordinary School for
Schoolmistresses). The Spanish government established a school for midwives in 1879,
andEscuela Normal Superior de Maestras (Superior Normal School) for female teachers in
1892. INGENTE
39. 42. Educational Decree 1863
40. 43. 1. The first educational system for students in the country was established by virtue of
the Education Decree of 1863. 2. The decree required the government to provide school
institutions for boys and girls in every town.
41. 44. 3. Spanish schools started accepting Filipino students 4. The Normal School was also
established. 5. The friars controlled the educational system during the Spanish
42. 45. 6. The missionaries took charge in teaching, controlling and maintaining the rules and
regulations imposed to the students. 7. The schools before were exclusive for the Spaniards.
The Filipinos were only able
43. 46. Effects of Colonial Education in the Philippines
44. 47. The effect of education to the Filipinos was only compelled to the friars' influences from
their lessons based on the Christian Doctrines or teachings One major failure of the
educational system of the religious congregations was the withholding of the Filipinos to
45. 48. In entirety, education during the Spanish regime was privileged only to Spanish students.
The supposed Philippine education was only a means to remain colonizers. Meanwhile,
several educated Filipinos referred to as ilustrados may considered one of the major effects
of CANTONG
46. 49. EDUCATION IN SPANISH ERA -education was “religion centered” -education for the
elite only -Spanish is compulsory -boys and girls school are separated -inadequate,
suppressed and controlled

1. <ul><li>Formal educational system. </li></ul><ul><li>Primary level to the tertiary level of

education. </li></ul><ul><li>The schools focused on the Christian Doctrines. </li></ul>
2. 3. <ul><li>There was a separate school for boys and girls. </li></ul><ul><li>The wealthy
Filipinos or the Ilustrados were accommodated in the schools. </li></ul><ul><li>Colonial
education brought more non-beneficial effects to the Filipinos. </li></ul>
3. 4. <ul><li>The first educational system for students in the country was established.
</li></ul><ul><li>Provide school institutions for boys and girls in every town.
</li></ul><ul><li>Spanish schools started accepting Filipino students. </li></ul>
4. 5. <ul><li>4. The Normal School was also established . </li></ul><ul><li>5. The friars
controlled the educational system during the Spanish times </li></ul><ul><li>6. The
missionaries took charge in teaching, controlling and maintaining the rules and regulations
imposed to the students. </li></ul>
5. 6. <ul><li>7.The schools before were exclusive for the Spaniards. The Filipinos were only
able to enter the schoo1 in the late 19th century. </li></ul>
6. 7. <ul><li>The first established schools were exclusive for the boys. </li></ul><ul><li>The
Augustinians built the first school in the Philippines situated in Cebu in 1565.
</li></ul><ul><li>College was equivalent to a university during the Spanish regime. </li></ul>
7. 8. <ul><li>The first college school for the boys was the &quot;Colegio de San Ignacio&quot;
which was established by the Jesuits in Manila in 1589. </li></ul><ul><li>They also
established the &quot;Colegio de San Idelfonso&quot; in Cebu in 1595. </li></ul><ul><li>In
1601, &quot;Colegio de San Jose&quot; was established. </li></ul><ul><li>In 1589, the
&quot;Escuela Pia&quot; was entrusted by the government to the Jesuits. </li></ul>
8. 10. <ul><li>The University of Santo Tomas opened in 1611 by the Dominicans.
</li></ul><ul><li>The San Juan de Letran for the orphaned boys, in 1630. </li></ul>
9. 11. <ul><li>&quot;Colegio de Santa Potenciana&quot; was the first school and college for
girls. This was opened in 1589. </li></ul><ul><li>Colegio de Santa Isabel opened in 1632.
</li></ul><ul><li>The religious congregations also established schools for the girls called
&quot;beaterio&quot;. </li></ul>
10. 12. <ul><li>The friars were effective in evangelizing the Catholic religion to the Filipinos.
</li></ul><ul><li>One major failure of the educational system of the religious congregations
was the withholding of the Filipinos to learn other bodies of knowledge. </li></ul>
11. 13. <ul><li>Education during the Spanish regime was privileged only to Spanish students.
</li></ul><ul><li>Several educated Filipinos referred to as ilustrados began movements
directed towards change in the system of government in the Philippines. </li></ul>