TIQE NA TIPATMATOTIOIOYME TO PYOMIZTIKO EPO. ov Gorman Gilbert, Director UNC Institute for Transportation Research and Education Elearoru Eivan neyéin yapa Kat tun} ya péva va napiotapat ctiepa eveimey ous @¢ 0 Bacrxds mantic. Mépos tHE Zaps wou mpospyerar aRd to yey0VGG Sti fyo brace yeyiho pépoc tho KapLEpac Pov GoYOAOdUEVOG we THY ovotmpatonoinon (= pvbuion we THY emBort KavoviyGy) tov taki. Biya, eronévac, evtvzrc va éxo THY EvKatpia va ovnTHG@ avt6 To BEA, to onoio ouvexiter va pe ovvapnater. AAAG, zaipoum enions xon e& attiag me emrvyiag averic te btopyaveons. Katé my dudpxera tng Onteiac wou omy Exieporti Tuet Kat Aovtwvey tng Néag Yopxng undpeca va BonOi\oo va opyavadei n apyuer cuvavenon jas peptic ondSac pudmotay taki na va eEerdcer edv yperatorav th 6x ja opyavacn tov projuctéy taki. Biuan Zod evyaprotnuévos, ExowEVas, va Bhéno avtiy thy opyavaon va evdoxtpet xar va éye1 ‘iver Bie8vrig oe EKTaCT, H ovotnuatonoinen me e1dixyi¢ Herapopas pe evapnater na Suipopoug Aéyous. Kat an’avrotic dev eivan o tehevtaiog to yeyovds ti svdéWs exnpedtet ndbes emBarec, odn 706 Kar wroxrytec. Motebo ou vrapzer apoipaia oyéon heta&O tc epyaciag nov o Kadévus and cus KaveL KUL THE OIOrHTaS tHE unnpeciug taki nov Prbverat axé tous KaroiKoug otic ROREI Guc. Aev eivat o xaévag téc0 tuzepdc énug eaeic va éxet Sovderd MoD tOco ELBE ExI8ps oto xowd. Ihoteso Kani mpérov, Sut ave} n SqSca axootony} eivar Eva coPaps KaOrKov Kat emdoxmdto tov xaGéva and cag pa Tig mpoondderés cag vu EXTEAEGETE Ta KUDTKOVTE UG pe EvaV Tipo, anOdoTIKS, ERUYYEANATIKO TPETO. Yrdpyer évag bestepos ASyos yiati n cvotnHatonoinon tov tabi unTipEE névta Yio WEva ma GuvapRUSTIKH KPoKAN. H ovarnpatonoijen eivar wa wien orxovouietic Bewpiac, aloBnons xpaKtiKdv Aertoupyidv, Rpoypdywatos KoWvi\s opéherag Kat, BeBainc, roAixyic. To vu KavEIg KavovIoHOos anoTeASouaTIKG onpaiver Sur Kdmo1oc mpénet va aoZoreitat pe KAGE wa aRd aVtés tig apévEc. Pua uéva, avtd to Kpéya KGver THY GLoTMMATOROINEN tHE eIBURTIC UETapopac TpoKANtUK. Ev robrotg, avtt 1 RORY - emotmuovexy| goon tHE oveTMHaToROINeNs umopei xu va Biayevorel. Elvan neipacpss Kémote va miotéyeis ot ot prbuiotixés anopicers eivar unépuetpa moAttiKés KaL Sti o1 aworés apyEs OrKovouIKH Kur SquSoas ModitiKYig Sev Exovv Sacer ExapKH cyasia oto mohinKd mporoés. Yrapyouv eniong gopés Snov KGnows Siayesserar and 4.x oaiverat va eivat évas vREptovicuss oTHV oIKOVOUNKY BE@pia Yopic va yiverat exapxiic e&étacn omy mpaxtiKdenta tH EpupHoyiic. AvriGeta, unapyovv gopés Sov ot bvoxodies TMS EpUPHOTIIC teivOLV va EmIGKIdGOUV toLg GtEYoUS THEmolitixtig tng SnHStas OgEEIag ETHY oveTHPATOROINGN. Ev ohiyorG, eneIdH N vornparonoinen mc eLsiKri¢ pecapopac civar RoAv-extoTHHOWKT EK gTEDC, sivan pepiKéc popes SIGKOAO Va EMrOyeIG pa KUTaAANAN toopporia peraki avtdy tov diapspov emormpoviKdy KAGBav. H cradwoSpopia pov, moreso, erkovoypaget tay Svoxokia tov va emtvyyiverg my KaTdAAnAn twopporia ory Gvathuatonoinon tC EtbuKtic netagopic, Ta noAG zpovia vmripEa Evag epeovytiic Kat Kabupd BewpntiKds Kal Eypuwa "na toVg KaVvovIGHous TH eLbIKTIC HETAOPGG. Karémy, Stav éywa xpoeSpos tng Emttpomrig Taki kat Ampovtwav tng Néag Yopxn¢, Saxioroca ott vmripyay dha Cyewata nov eiza ovowetiKé ayvorcet cav évac xalapa Gewprtixds, tétoia Stas to KdotOs Kat n SvsKORia enonteiac. Eva Kakd napéSeryya sivas 0 noMamhamaoyds tov yopic dde1a neiparixéy avtoxtviizav nov wactiGovy tay Néa Yopxn Kat ce éva unxpdtepo fabs, ddAes weyanec moder, Eve ivan esxoho va anateic ta oyyuata var Exovv Bera, eivar eEarperixd S0oxoho va RéBeig wétpa Kata TOV oynudtov nov Sev gyow dBew. Sty Néa Yépxn ta neipatixd avtoxivnta ovvnditowy va cuvaBpoiLovrar oe Kevepixd oTpEia peydAng Kivnons, térod Sroc ot ordsEIS tov urdystov. Eeeihape peprcovs and tovg 200 exepntéc wag taki o’avrd ca onpeia Kar ot emBewpntéc pag evovveidnta éxoBav KMyoag ya exeiva ta oytiuata nov evpicKay va cuvabpoifovea napdvoua. Ot nerparés, ev tovrorc, Katd péya wépog ayvonoay tig KAyjoeWs 1 amd Egevyav fac dtov oF emBewpntés nag anoyoposcay axd thy yetovd. Mepixd Rent apyétepa ta rapévona oxrpata trav nico Kt éxavay o’avtd ta oNpeia Sovdewd oe APN évtacn. Eyive gavepé 611 0a yropovoape va eyrobicoupe ta napavoua oxy ward GoupaVa HE TOUS IG ZovTES KUVOVIGHOHG WSvO jE TO va avaRTOEOVHE évav WeyCRLO otpurd and Suvaqers KauetoAr{c 620 to 24apo GE KuptohEKTIKG EKatovtédES, onusta. H advvapia wag va emBadovpe ave ty Baour anaizncn vrovopEvee any aktomotia ohdKnpns tng prdprotiKrig wag TpoonéBerac. Exon, 6154Z0nKa 600 quovv omy Enttponr Tati xa Apovtivey on n cacti Geapia ‘na my Sipooia @géAEta Ka N GOETH OIKoVOLIKY Bewpia GrNaWaY ROAD Riya opis anotehecparixt exonteiac. Apyétepa, evtéynoa va 7iva mpdedpoc mas peyédng exarpiag taki oto Aog Avitehes. Exei ei8a oy1 pdvo pia nod Siagoperixy xpootyyon oTY Gvorpatonoinen ms eWiKHic uETapOPAG, GAAG enion thy anon evds epyaonévov. O Aros tov Aog Avitehec éyet vioderfoer wa mposéyyion vropicBeons ot avotHHatoTOinoT tov EruipiGy taki. Exiong Eyer nava and 200 xavévec nov Siénovv mY dwzeipion avtdv tov vmomoBdcEav. Qc epyatouevog oto taki 5156xGnKa axoun wa véa mpooéyion oro BEA TNS cvotmuatonoinans tov taki. ABaZ8nKa Sti or KUVOVIGHO! tov SryoU UEPIKES opés Sev Trav ce Gvyypoviond pe THY Enay7EAnaTIKT mpaynaruRdenea. Be hepixéc nepintdcetg ot Kavovionoi tov Srov trav dozeror eneidy ta enayyehparixd Kivntpa Katé TOAD Eenepvovouy tig anaityioers tov Sruov. Eva rapdderyua eivan y.aspader. H eraipia pac rtav avto-acgaatouévn Kat Spactipia Kavaye Sha dow pRopoboune va KievOULE ya vu Ehaz\GtORON}COUpe 2 tpozaia acuziwata Rnd ensiby etZapE weydAo orKovoytKd pioxo. Exopévac, Taraitnen and tov Bio ya avapopa Tov atuyNMtoV Trav Zepic EvdiapEpov “a pag, exerdr epeic rid Katd KOA uMEpBaivanE thy axaiznon tov SrpHov. To {Sto uxpIBes Gu_Baiver omY apoyr aBeLdv Gtovs oSny0UG. EmBardtav yerarpia wag va xpocerxtoer, va exnaisevoet Ka1 va Kpariiaer KaROvc obn 70% pari ot Kahoi obnyoi evgavave thy Sovkerd Kan peiovay ta atuyyuara. Katé cuvénera, epsic eiyaue b1x6 pag ecotepiKd Kavéva, ty emthoyt Kai thV Siadtkacia mpootasiug tov Karé KOA LeREpvotce aVtd Rov Has UROYPEOVE o Sriwos. And thy GAN Lepid unripyav anartrcerg and tov Sy|yo TOU ta AoMIKES kat anoteheouarixés. Hapadetynara eivar or axaimoeis ya ekéyyoug tov OPNHGTOV Kat 7] avETéMON TOV KaTay7EkUbv TeV Empatdv. Kara thy dnowi} nov, cay epyatouevos oto taki Si34z8nKU Set ot KavOVIGLO! TUEi Ba uROpotouV va eivat ROAD mepicodtepo anotehesHaTIKO! eGv perdvoveay ce apIbud oe exeiva ta G€yara Tov npoypaTiKa Oa ExRpocwRodouy to ENLSCIO GvHVPEé pov. TIpaynarixd, Srav porpdoane otovc odnyois was to PiPRio tov Bijwou Rept Kavovicuiv ctu taki, avtoi mviyovtav ovvéysia and to mAri0g Kat TV Tepithoxr, autév tov KavovionGy. AvtO we EKxUVE va ovvErdntonoUjow dtl, av unopotca va Eavatiioo ta ypdvia pov oty Néa Yopxn, 8a anhobateva tous 109 Kavovisnows tov Aruou tg Néac Yépxng ya tov obny6 taki oe nepinov 15 Kavovicyots nov Ga unopotouy va tun@Boby Ge wid ceMiSa. Tépa nov Eavayipioa oe navemotnpiaxy Bon, Exo nGA THY ROAUTéRELE ‘ing ekétaans tov Kavoviopiiy Taki and wa nEpioadtepo ctoyuoTHE ctdon. Ev robtOKG, mateo Sti ta Ypdvia pov ot Néa Yopxn Kat to Aog Avitenes Exovv AAGEEL TORS TY dnoyr] pov. AvtY THY drown eivan Rov Ba TBEAa Va worpactad ovuepa pati ous. Suykexpypéva, Ot HWeha va phrioo pia tésoepa neydiha Ospara nov éxovv oyéon we THY GvaTHHATOROiNaN THs ElbtxYIC HETAPOpAc. Eva and avtd eivat to Kepahaddes Ciitnua tov Katé nocov Ba’ npeRe, mpayHaTIKG wa RAN va pubuiCer ke Kavovioyous ta taki Kat ta oxFpota eIdiKTIC HETagopac. To Seitepo OFya eivat norés eivar or emBidEerg Kat o otdzor tC GvaTHUAtOROINENS THs EIdUKTIC uetagopac (napayetagopac). Tpitov, Ba HiGeha va eEetéow nordc eivar o opb6¢ tpénog xpooéyyians ot GvoTHHATOROInEN te eIBIKTIS HEtaPOPAS. Kat TEAC, 6a Ocha va eeriow to apa TOAG onwavtIKd OEya TOV Tag va ERBAAAEIG Ka VEL egappdters kavoviapous evdiKyic metagopac. H ANATKH PIA EYETHMATONOIHEH THE EIAIKHE META®OPAD Mia ovvijOng AAG naparkavntixr epdtnon eivar "a'npere va vedpyer ovotmpatonoinan tov umnpeoidy erduxric wetagopsc;”. Euzva aver} 1 epdensn yiverut pe évav xaBupa noAITiKd tpdno. Atéwopes nOheI outs Hvonéves Tlodreies ota téAn tng Sexaetiag tov 1970 Kar ong apyeés tng deKaetiag tov “80 éxavay avnfy ty epdrnon oZETIKd pe pla peyGdn nowria unnpecrsy, xepthapBavouévov tov taki. Kata ty dapxeia tm¢ repr6Bov avrrig ot Hvopéves Tloatteieg trav omy biadixaoia tHg Katapyions tov KavovioLGY TIS aepoypayiéc, atic uetapopés ue GOpTH7s, ta UREpUTIKa AEMpopEta KaL TOUS crdnpodpspovc Kat Trav nOAW gvorKd va epoToby "yar BaLEtE KavovIGpO‘s ot. taki;". Tpaypatt, ce noherg onwg to Lav Nuéyko Kat to Inari o1 tomKoi exAeypévor EEvaparodyo1 pocoboay ytati 84 pene o Byipos va avaptyvieraL ots Bovkerés tov tabi. H cvatnuatonoinon e&ouowvdray ue xapeuBaon oxov KAABO. Pia tig nOkEIG UTES TO apZIKS oUARépaoHA Trav Sui tor KUBEPYNOT Expene va anogbyet tov KAdSo tov taki Kau va. agricet TY ayopa va KaBopiceL THY ROLOTHTE KaL THY TyLT tov UANpECIdY Tui.Aogahds, vnépyer pia edkvotix Aoyiky mic@ an’avey, mv emtyerpnuaroroyia. Ero Kita - Kétw, vRdpyovv rohvapiGuor GAROL KrASOL unnpeowdy 1a tovg onoious n (tomxti) xvBépvnon aoxei wIKpS 1 KaBSAOD éreyyo. Kam n6dq dev ehéyyer tov apiud tov ectiaropiov H TG TEC KOU zpedvowy. To i810 1oz8er 1 tH Kovpeta, KuBupLoTripta, erarpic evropoxToviac kat dARoug xoRvapiouovs npoundeveés unnpeoidy. Furi, ore, Oa’epene ta taki vat Emthe/00v 71a O1KOVONIKS ELEY LO; H anévenon eivan aves nov ot o1Kovopohdyot anoKanoiy "ype@Konia ayopas". Xpeaxonia tng ayopag onuaiver dvi n ayopa Sev Aerroupyei Snag ot orxovopondyor ba thy HBeav va Retroupyei ef arriac Kémowwv arehe\Gy 6nag ta uovordha, 11 cvpmaryvia eraky tov etapidy Kat n EAEtmrig AnpopOpnen tov Katavahory. Ot neAdtes tov eotiaropiay avewetanifouy pia ayopd nov Rewovpyet ORS KaAG. iver edeOBepor va ed€yzovv Eva eotiatépio mpl e1éABouv oF avtd, va eEEtaCODV TO EdEopATOASy10 mptv napayzeihovv KaL vo anopacicowy pers to eva tOVG, av Ba EavepBovv. Oi nehares tov taki, an’tny GAAn weprd, Bev Exovv névea pra ayopa Rov Aewoupyei Gyoya. Eva créxerat ce ma yovid tov Spoyov mpoonabsveug va xahécer éva taki, éva dtouo Ezet wrxpr Svvacétyta va ovyxpiver céc Kat vrnpevies tabi. Aut n Kutdotaon vgictata exions ota uEpodpomia Kut ota neydang Kivnang KevepIKG onpEia dnov Evac emParns Sev pnopei va Cyrricet Kat Va cunpoviicet THY pioBoon taki. Avrr 1 Katdotdon enibewdvera oF pes Ehewne tov taki, této1ec Snag o Bpoyepdc KaIpd¢ H or xpoywpnuévec voxtepivic dpec. Anak xt o meMdieng efvat wéoa oro tabi éyet ynxpr Suvacorata va dokyicet ta guotKa Sixardyata evdc neéen va xpiver mv eEvmnpéton aos o nehéeng eivan ya thy dpa oto éeog tov onY00. Ero, o Tekdene tov taki, avridera and tov neAdty tov eotiatopion, eivar Katd KaIpots Zopic 6sEOSO 1 t6y0. To anoréAcoua eivan ypeoKonia ths ayopac. H apy £60 ivr andr: 9 ovornpatonoion civar avayKaia pévo étav rapoverétoveat ot xpoixodéssis ypewKonias ts ayopas. Tpocwmnc mored ott URdpYOW eAAzLoTOL avepanor THE TOATIKTS HOV EXOIRENS Tov Sagovoiy HE avrtiy ty apy. Or payyarixés eporiceic eivar xé6G0 obvvnpéc evar ot peoKoriec ayopis oto KI.d50 Tov abi Kat Ge ROL Padus Ba"npens ot xparixés vnnpeciec enc KvBépynonc va AGBovv uErpa ja va EnavopBdoovv avtés Tig pobnobécsis ype@Koniac ayopac; Exot, epdtnon dev eivat av mpéxer H dyt vac dyyos va pu8piter thy umnpecia eiduxrig uetapopss WAKA WaALOV, ROS Kat ce no10 Padus 6a’ npene avtoi ot EAey OI (KavOVIO}O') va UMapyovv. Or Srjpor Exovv tperc THRoUs O1KOVOLIKOY ERéyYOV: EREyZOUG (KavEvEC) e1c850v (6t0 endiyyehua), eXEyZOUS THY Kar mPotoRA (otdvUpvts) UENpEDTAV. An6 avroig o1 EAE7Y01 E1G6500 eivar OI REptoDdtEpo eninayor. H Néa Yépxn eivat éva efaipero napéderypa. And to 1937 1 Néa Yépxn éxer kaBnAdoer tov apiOud tov usveuyidv tai ota. 11.787. TloAAa Exovv ypagei, t6o0 tov Toro dco Kot Gta orKOVOUIKE EyZEIpIdta. MExpt tépa, cv7KpITIKd Ehdyrota EYovv ypaget ya to yeyovds Stt o Aros drag or mAeicror Sryor, opiter ta xduwotpa Tov hropotv va ypedvovv ta tal. Aev éyet ypagel oxed6v tinota 71a to yeyOvs Out© Arjuoc get ebpardcer otévtapyts acpareiag Kar GARa otévtapyes e&umnpétnong ta onoia ta taki mpénet va KaAURTODY. AKOpo Kat GE RdAEIG KOU reipayorictnxay we thy "KaTépynON TV KavovicHdv", | KaTapynoN. Tov Kavovicudy ico8vvayovce omy RpaywatiKéTnta We THY Uei@on TOV EhEYZOV £16680v otov KAd5O. Kapia ohn €& doav yvapita bev ézet tehstog anoppiyer tovg Kavovicpovs tabi. To Endth Kut to Lav Nréyxo, evd yelevay tovg eREyYOVE (KavovES) E1G6BOU, GtHV KPAEN NOEAVaY toUug dpovs aswareiag ya TOV KAGB0 tov tat. Ot éreyyor etsd8ov enpavitovtar ue dukpopes uopeés. To weveaydv ctotmua tn¢ Néas Yépeng civar xuctyvacto ev péper ened 1 tu tov nevrayidy Ezer avéhGer orig nepixov § 140.000 ava rai. Or nepiocdtepes nOAEIC, ev tobrorc, dev YpNOWoroIdV ta pEvtUyIOV, GARG WAAAOV Evay tPORO aNd pa nupadrayi GhAov ehéyyov. To Aog Avrtercs, 710 Rapéderyua, zpnowpororei Eva cootnua vnopiobwons Kuti to Onoio 1 Eraipies RANPavOLV TOV BrjHO ya tO Sixai@na va Aertoupyowv, Smog oxedsv Kavouv or erapies Kah@diaxtic tMAedpacns. Or nepioadtepes ndReIG, ev toUTOIG, PaciLovral ce wa Siécaén “aveong tov Kowod Kor avaykaidtntag" nov emOérer ty ev6ivn ctoLs vnoyrigiovs ya va deiEouv Set n dvean tov Kowod Kat n avayKaRSeNTU anatTEl Kt Gia taki va napowy dena. H biéveén pia tovs edéyyoug erd3ov crov KAéSo tov taki eivar adiéEo80 and Siagopoug nupryovtes. Evac ax’ avtovc eivat to yevovse ou n Néa Yopxn, av to xpiricto mupaderya tov cvotHNaros pevtayrdy, éys1 eyyondei to petapiPaowo tov wevtayiov. Edv n Néa Yopxn eixs exddcer pevtayioy nov dev Ou tray peroBiBdowa mBavdc noré dev Ba cutnrovoupe ru uEveaydy nS Néac Yépxnc. Or éheyxor eroddov éxouv ép0er exionc oe adiéEobo axd KoWworixots oKonods, tEtoIovs dna N GVENOT TOV OIKOVOIKGY EvKAIpIGY 7 YAUNAOD E1gOBr WAG Kat HELOVOTIKOUS moRitEs KUL THY EmOvpia yi iOKTTES kat obny00¢ va xepdiCovy enapxy ercodtpara. Exon, avzva ta Cneiwara cov katé négov va unapyovv éhEy {01 E1GSSOv Kat ROS va EAZyYEIG THY EiGOBO EZOLV teOei GF ROAD pe pSEpévo TEpIBIRAOV. TIMIPEMEL NA KAT2POQZOYN OI] EAEPXOI; AcSopévon 6x vndpyer ya avirren Ya Kamowas woperis SnBSoIOv EAE7ZOU TOV UATPESIGY EIdIKH|S HETAPOPAC, 1 avTOVeNTH EPSON ivan, "Tr xpéRer avtot ot Ehey{OI va EmtEhEcovv;" Movo yvapitoveas tors ordzoVs eREyYOV TS EIDIKT|G HETAPOPAS pMOpEi KGROIOG va eI KaBapd nos va EmTiYEL KUATEPA avtos¢ rove ot6xOVS. Ynapyovy bagopor oryo1 yuu tov EheyZo TE erBrKT|g HETAMOPAS ROU TY mua ¥ env GAAn gopa Ezovv yiver onnavtiKoi Ge AheIG tg Bopeiov Auepuxtic. Avtoi mepiauBavovy: 1. Na ehayiotonoinaovy ric Snpootes danives otov éAey7o tov taki. . Na npootareicovy tovg xpiiates tov taki and tic aréAetec (eharedpara) eng ayopa: Na edrdcovy my Sndow exxdva tov Srwov, siaitepa pos tous emoxéntes tTH¢ MOAN.4, Na S1asgahioovv éva txavonomtKd KEpBOs ya TOUG EpyuLSuEVoUS Gto taki Kat tous oN 708s, KaL 5. Na katactijaovv tov KAdBO tov radi mt 1KoVOLIKTIG EvKaIpiag 7a GropCL ta onoia Katé ta daha nepwiive BiGKORES apes Elsddov StHY EmKPAtobGa OIKOVOIKT tay, Avtoi ot névte ckorot aneiKovifovy my noiKtMiu, GAME 6x1 to xRaicto, tov oKondv tous onoious anarteitat ad tous puouierés taki va EmItEhEcoDy Axéun avr0i 01 puBiotixol Kono eKovoypaposy Tig SvaKORiEs ov oL prOuictéc pepixés opéc avtmetariCovv egapyd{ovtag _prdjrctixé mpoypauyara. O oKonds 4 eivar Eva Kurd napdderyua. Ze ROAR ROREIG O KAdB0¢ Tov taki, ovyKEINEvOs aNd ON YONG Ka LLOKTHITES, aoKei HEYEAN xison croug pubuictés va avéticovy ta xKéftetpa, va GAAGEOLY ta npotoRA (orievtapvtc) tnc venpecias, Kat va avétoovy Tove REpLopiaposs 166800 GTO endyyehuo. Torxd, ot prdpiotixot opyavispoi, eit eivat emeponéc eite Sword ovuBoddia, Kahobv SnSores aKpodoeIs otIG onOIEG to KOS kakeirat va népet wépos. LvvriGac, duoc, ta axpoarripra avtdy tov axpodceay eivar oxe56v e& ohoxhrpov anoreAovueva and wtoKtrites Kat on yOvs. Orav Svag BquSows puowotixds opyavicnds AawBiver pnvijiara "ovo aRd cov xAdbo mov avtds EAE yzet (pubuizer) napa and tous zprjotEs avtod ToD KAABOV, URapYEL ma PvoiKT] port va exnpocancic to cLUGEPOV TOU KLG3OD WdAAOV Tupa to GvWGEPOV TOD KOLvOS. Ziyoupa téco om Néw Yépxn dco Kar oto Aog Avrlekec avr cuvéBaive. Emmy Néa Yépxn eizane ovuBovro mg emtporiic KAGE rive nov 10 mapaxohovBotcay oteva oKtiitec Kat OSNYOI, GAG onavIa, av Sys noTé, to RapaKohovdovce to Kows. Hapa nc evouveldntes mpoondBeres va Svpioovpe otovg eavrovc pac St UMIpYOHE ya Va EKpoo@RsovHE to emParikd Kowé, vmipze ma Svvarr Kat guowKT} ton va avtaxoKpIOOdLE Berixd ota atHwata TOD KAGSOv, téroIa Seas N anosoTiKStHta Ravo Kat NEPA and to ovpyépov tov emPariKod Kowod ce OEnata, téror Seog 1 THA KAI T SraGeomSenta. Tra vu anogéyer va dropiCerar and tov KAdSO, évas pOwotuxd¢ opyavioude npénet va eivat ROWS cuyKexp\REvos 71a TOUG GKOTOKE TOU Kat ta no1ov Soureser. Pia tov 4670 avtév eiver nov n EpsrHaN ya Tove pubjmatIKOBS oxonois eivan xpiouin. Or pudanKoi opyavicyoi mpéxer cuzva va eK~ppaCovv TOUG GKORO|G KOV EMISIGKODV va EMIT ZODV. KA@OPIEMOE THE KATAAAHAHE PYOMIETIKHE MIPOLEITIZHE Lapac, 1 xavGhAnAn xpooéynion 71a tov: KaBopioys tov KUvoviopdv ang etBixtig Hetapopac taki EUprazat and tous puBmiotIKo’s KoRObG. Tia tov oxond avtiig ms outrmons as RoBEsoUpE Sui o prOloTIKes oKORds Eiven Oo BebtEPOS NOV RUPOVGYIOTHKE GTO TPONYOOUEVO KEMAAMO, GLYKEKPYLEVE, VO mpootarevera 10 emBarixd Kows ce nepurrdoers ateherdv THs ayopas. To prewictixd KudrKov, enouévas, yivetar mos va eEuogarifovue St oto emParixd KoWws ovpepipépovtan Bikau, EvYEVIKE KaL POGEKTIKa ShES TG popes.Emy axdvenon avtod tov eporratos undpyer wa KurevBoveypia apzti nov mpénet va axohovieirat. Edv xénolog motevel, dmog eyd, ott 1 Guotnuatonoinan eivar uévo ya va diop@dcet tic aréhere tHE ayopac, tore KGmo10g Gos eniong motever dt n ayopd aoxei REWapzia we StaooperiKs tporo Rave o’avtoic Tov napéxouv thy UMnpEcia Tae’. Le pra téh|ta ayopa or etaipies taki mov mpoayépowy avdrepne taéns eLvmnpéman a avartvyBouv Kat 8a akyicovy evd exeives nov xpocgépovv vnodeéctepn evmnpérnon Ba SBrigowy and thy ayopé. Exouévac, oe mia téhe1a ayopé, 7 avtoenonteia AapBaver popav. Mra axodorixy pudpiotixy| mpocéyyion npootateiet ta guoiKd TAEOVEKTHUATA ToD AvTUyaVIGHOd Kat ExopEvac sivar Kino avtoEmPaRouEVN. H Kahr} pouon evteiver cov avtayovioys, n Kay poOyion axobappiver tov avtayovcys. H Néa Yopxn mpooyéper éva Kod napaderyua avevig eg apziis. Ta taki amg Néag Yopxng civar axeddv dha navoyorstuna. Eivar Ska Kétpwa Kat EezopiGovv pdvo and wpa /paypaca otyy eEotepucy] WAEvpG tov oyyATOG OU Serxvéovv tov api6us pevtayiov. Ot meAdtes tov taEi advvatoby ayeddv va Eczopicovy éva taki und Kémo10 GhAO Kut, enowEvOc, aBvvaTobY va GUyKpivoDY Tyies KaL mpoogopés ya THY vANpEGia TALL. AvtiotpSgaG, OI IOKTHITES TUEL poctatevovtar and tig EmBdpacers HS ayopas bidet yvapiCouv du or REAGTES Sev pmopobv va Kévouy SidKpion peTaEd twv taki. Teyv iia KdAN, ev tovto1<, ugou ctov KAGB0 TaV MpOS picBoon OYNHATaV, oF Erarpies EexopiCovy KuBapa 7 mua ax6 thy GAAn. Ot nehGres emhéyouv ya ouvtexvakr Etarpia Evavet jos Ang enerdh yapilovv 6c Kano etmpia tows éyer avdrepnc dens e€urnpérnon. Edd, péou ota Spia tng bias ndANG, uMdpZOV S50 pudjrouiREs Sopés. H pra, nov anoBappiver tov avtayovicws Kat ag Ex TObTOD Tc @LOIKEC yasies Tn¢ ayopac Ka THY GRAN 1 Onoia Evteiver ni puOIKés avtuyONLoTIKES emidpaceic tng ayOps, Oray ot gvorKés embpacers tov avtayovicHod axobuppivovea, to axotéhecua sivar pEnuévn meotixy aveyKn ya exonteta. AAAN mia Gopa, Néa Yopxn eivar éva napaberyua. H Enicpomy Taki xat Awoutivey orm Néa Yopxn RauBiver xaré npocéytton 11.000 exionues xarayyedies emBarsv to ypovo. Yxupyovv Karayyehies nov oe GAAES ROREIG MivE GtOUS 1IOKTITES TOV exaipisy. Tia napdBeryua oro Aoc Avelehes ot eraipiec tabi RayBavouv nic Karayyeniec, Kar'evBeiay and to emBattkd KOWS Kato pOAOC tov SriyOV otHY exdixacn avrtay tav Katayyehav eivar pévo va Sacgarice: éu1 ot exarpiec avtanoKpivovrar Smog applet ottg Katayyeiec. Eivan gavepé étt to Aoc Avrtenes Eodevet rR AryStepo ypovo KaI ZprIWa EMPUARoveas tous KavovEs Kat tOvg EAE]LOUG TOV tabi an’d,c Kaver n Néa Yopxn. Eeny xpaywarixdenta, ern Néa Yopxn n Entzponr} Toki xan Aoutivay éyer yiver de facto dievdvverig (uévarep) tov KAGBov tov taki avahayBavoveas této10vg pddovg dnos T. dteKnepaioon tov Kuru yEhiv. O Karttepog tpénog yr'avtobg nov xpooyépovy ty vmnpecia va emriyovy TY avto-encateia eivan va Exovv Kitt aELAOyO Ge Kivévvo Edy Bev posvgépovv Kahr e€vmnpéron. Mnopotue va efetdcoune to xapdderyuct tov eotwatopiov nov ovintSnKe vopitepa. Evag wioKtijtng eotiatopiov emevdier apxeré ypruata 71a va avoige to ectiatépto. O wtoxtr}t|g tov EGtIATOpion Bvoxoha propel va emixpEyer otov Euvtd tov vu MpoopEper KutdrEpNS TuENSe&vmnpérnan Kan ax’to ye70vbc aurd va acer thy ExévBvor tov. To ito Kut oto ‘Aog Avilehec, ja exaipia taki SbcKoAa uopet va emtpéyer otov eavtd emg va poogéper kaxtig noéentos e€vmnpérnon exersr} ope va yaoet thy Gberd eN<, Ka86S Exiong Kat ty EnévOvor tHS GtHV {pon ts etatpiuc. Exowevac, ot prbyicers tabi tov Aoc Avetedec etvon xurta neva wépog avto-exontevonevor. Ot neprcodrepes Kavovierixés Bonéc TuEi, ev tovrOIG, efvar KUT TOAD duagopeniés. Kavovtag ebKohn Kat o7etiKd avéEOdn tHV Eis ctov KAiSO TOV tai, gud ROAM avéGver MY vRozpéwoT TNS va EMBAAAEL TOUg KAVOVIOLONS img taki. Mapadoga, to yeyovdc avrd eivar exiong adndéc oyerikd we ta neveayiév taki tng Néag Yépxnc, avebdprnta and thy vyndr tn evdc pevtayiév. Eeny 55 ypovn totopia tov peveayidv taki tng Néa Yopxnc, Exovv vndper udvo 860 pevtayiév mov avaKdr@nxav and tov Aro. Avté avaxdyOnkav to 1987. Le Okec tig GAkec nepintdcers napuBacewv, otov AioKrt}ry tov nEevtayiSv EmIPAHONKE Mpdotipo, téONKE ce SraGeowStHTa H, oT yerporepn nepintacn, cEavayxdotnxe va novitiget To wevtayiev tov ae véo ’Sioxrrim. Exouévac, napa ui vynAés tyiEs KO TAnpdvovtan nat ta weveayidv, ot thoxtiireg Heveayidv Sev Exovv cvvmotavei to pioxo tov va Yao tic EnEVvBEGEIS TOUG CE LEVTUySY OL anotéhEoMA TNS RapOZTS eEvRNpETHONS KaKTIC noidentac, To yeyovec avtd ev wéper eEnyel tov AdyO Mov Kano and tous Wioxri}zes weveayiov mpooézovv tda0 Aiyo thy RoLdtHta tNG URNpECiAg ot NEa Yopxn. To yeyovds avrd eivar axdun nepioodtepo gaveps oe axéon He TIC ROhEIG ROV EYODV AKON moO URoPiBacpEves anarrHaeLs e1dsov. EEnyei axdun ‘snati to xpoBinua tg eIparinc otic Heyes OREIG eivan t6G0 iaBEbopEvo. Ot neiparéc uROpobY Rapdvoua va yovy THY ayopA tC eLduKTIg jetapopIC (napaperapoptc) we noRd diya oda, Kar exopévos, adn Kart) anEWAT THC andherac tov OZNPAT@Y tOUG efvan Evus AoT|waVtOS KivévvOS. AdAo npoBanua emmy eSpaiwen tg avro-exonteiag eivar avoworsens tov Sopdv wroxtnoiag uécu crov KAdBo. Emnpdabera otis etupieg taki xov 0 orékoc avixer o’évav wioxryitn, OAKES nOkEWG Exowv eniong evdcerc, GUVETUIPICUOUS KUL AtOMIKOSG ioKTIitEs - OSN700G. Or KavovICHO! ZOV Exovv cyéon pe ja an’avrés tig ovtormtes iows vivo avev neprezopévov dtav egapudlovrar ce GhAn. Tia nupdderjua, ot etapies otékov cvvnbuc éxovv eyKutactécers yKapét, Kat 7pageion, Eve or atOUIKO! LLoKTI{tES - EpyabopEVOI ouviiGos Sev Exov tixota an’aurd. Or evdcers Kat o1 cvvetarptopoi Eivar KanoD oto pEcov tov @dcpatoc. And thy droyn eves pBmot taki, civar capac Evkohotepo va prOniters ovrdrnres nov éxovv ataBbepotig ySpovg Sovdevig Kat enonévoc, 1 Tac7 Elvan Va EvOappovers tov KAGSO va hertoupyei OvedtHtES TOD va éyouv onordrntes pe t1c eranpiec TUE Gtohav. To Aog Avetehec To" Zet KGVEL. Ohec or vnoutcBonévec dBe1es oro Acc Avttehec civar ecupies, H otnY repintwon S00 evaceav, ovrorrec Rov Hempooveur eruipies, Barc GAAEG OREIG, Suas, unripe toxvpr] noAreiKy] icon va RpostatELdowv or atoMIKO! ttoKTH}TES - epyatopevor. H Néa Yopen, 71a xapdderyua ézet pra aperaprnrn avaroyia tov neveayiéy tng KaBOpIEREVOY ya LBioKtH}tEC - EPyALOnEVoUC. Mua pity SvoKonia my edpaioon tng avto-enomteiag eivar avto Tov uxopei va ovonucte’ "Sitpona Kivntpa". Or ermpies tabi we eyKatacrdoes uvtiipnong, 76po ypageiav Kut eyKaraoreeis Stextepaiaans oupdc guivoveatnepioadtepo Kor eivar evxodStepo va uIG wNVicEIS an’6,z1 TOUG aTOUIKOUS wiotrizes - epyaLouevous Zapig KaBoptopévous YSpoUs. KArjoers mov S68nKav Ge oyfnara nov ta Exovv epyatouevor pe otOKo tue{ Eivar EvKOASTEPO va TIC EKDIKEGELG OTA EREIST UNGPYOLY YEIpoMacTa ReplovolaXd crOIZE\a va Kardoyers. To anoréaeopa eivar ti ot ermpies crdkov aioBévovrat St unv6OnKav ovzva Gdixa exet6r gaivovtan nepiasdrepo. To xivatpo, exouEvac, ia rove epyaCouevouc oto tai eivar va unV EnevSvovv ce véo eEoRAIcus, eyxurtactécers ouvtipnons, dexnepaioon we H/Y, Kat o,tibrrote dAho nov Ba LROpotse va tong KAver mo eupaveis orous puomorés. Exar, Eve o1 puopicrés unopei va deizvooy ty xpotimon 1 experéAAevon tobi va yiverun and enayyenuarixés exarpieg pe aEGRoyES exevbvoeiG ot Kivéuvo, ot SnHdoIES puduiotixés unnpecies and anpocekia axoBappivovv tous epyatonévous and to va Kdvouv exevd0oers. Avré to mpoPAnya dev Miverat edxoha. Or puOmorés tabi vnoxpeovvrar va gépovtat npoc Shovs tou epyatuevous adr obupovea ue Tov vduo. Méxpt rapa, to yeyoves apapéver dur o1 eTaNpies otOAGY TaE{, OL EvadaeIG KaL Ot uenovanévor dot diagépowv. Eva kan6 napdderyua avetig tc Svoxohiac axoun {ua Popa xpoépyerm and my Néa Yépxn. Or etaipiec otdhov anokayBavoov Sidopa npovduna and chy Exizpom} Taki kar Ayoutwav nov dev rpocipépoveat Grong GAAOVS EpyaSuevons. Tous emtpénerar va PaLovy CBNYOI¢ oto Spouo Zpw va EZOUV TEAELGGEL TO EKRAISELTIRS TOVg GE[IvEIpIO TOV KdvEL Oo ETHOS Eniong uropobv va 8étovv ce KUKAOgOpIA EMEdPIKE OZ FUEL VL avaTANPGvoDY Ta KAVOVIRG LEveayIv oxrpata Tov efvar oto ovvEpyEIO ya EMtoKEDT. MExpL xpécpata unopodouy axdjin va EmBewpobv Ta OZTWaTA Tov Gta EpyaoTiioI tov, Kae éva and aved ta npovopra S6OnKe and thy Export ce avayvepron Sut ot EpyatSpevor oe ctOAovg Hirav KanUs diapopETIKO! aNd TOUG H.AOUG, TOU neveayiOv epyaCouevous Kat ce KdGE REpintooN ot GAOL nevtaydy epyacouevor SiapaprupriOnxav évrovu, Theteva, ev tosroic, on n Exitpomy éxpage sword apuyopaveas aura ta mpovouia dare va avarpéser ta widtpoRa Kivatpa ce avtée tig exatpies nov exevdlovy ROAD otOv KAO. Eivar onpaveKd nov ot prOutoriKoi opyaviouoi avayvapitouv dx ot exaipies otéhov civan StagoperiKés SE OUyKEKptuéva BuorKA yapaxrnpiotiKd KOL enousvac, xpéner va TIC netazeipiCovear Siapoperikd and epyuCouevous Tov éyouv ehéyrotn enévducn TOV KAGSO. E@APMOTH KAI ENOMITEIA Eiuor BéPaiog Sct 0 KaBévas and cus BibGxONKE ROA) mIO xpIV Ot drday7OnKa €76 povo Svav mya oTHY Néa YopKn: cvetnuaToRoinon sivat wSvo Gyedov 1 exonteia tg. Mia x6An uropei va éxet exeEepyactet Aentowepas aivoha (cexc) Kavévav Kal KavOVIGHSY 7nd tOVG EpyaTNEVOUS TNS Ota tai KAL THY etdiKt] HETAGOPA, SHAG AV AUTO! OL KUVdvES KOI KAVOVIOHOI Sev Eivat T BEV uopobv va sivat epapidopor, tore n exidpaon tov Kavovav Kat tov kavoviopay sivan ediiotn. Sugdéc, to npdco Priya omy exonreia Kor ty eyapuoyr evdg aotehesparixod ovvdhov (cet) Kavovey Kat Kavovioudy eivat n exapKrig mAnpopdpnen. Suykhoviomxa Stay mya omy Eitpom} Taki kat Amoutwev