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Atls Flashcard
Atls Flashcard
the website:
http://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=nl&u=http://www.atls.nl/al
sg/atls.nsf/uploads/52D1762B14313442C125737500476755/%24FILE/Uitleg
%2520schriftelijk%2520examen.doc&ei=VoIXTLOdCZLQM_zFmasL&sa
=X&oi=translate&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CBYQ7gEwAA&prev=/sea
rch%3Fq%3D%2522after%2Bchest%2Btube%2Binsertion%2Bthe%2Bm
ost%2Bappropriate%2522%2Bnext%2Bstep%2Bis%26hl%3Den
Term Definition
a) angiography
b) compartment pressures
c) retrograde urethrogram
d) Doppler-ultrasound studies
e) complete spine x-ray series
the answer is e.
--------
notes:
- angiography is found as CT
angiography, p.146, which focuses on
head traumas (not answer)
ATLS MCQ
ATLS
#3 - MCQ
100%#3sure [Trauma
in women]
During the third trimester of
pregnancy, all of the following changes
occur normally EXCEPT a
a) decrease in PaCO2
b) decrease in leukocyte count
c) reduced gastric emptying rate
d) diminished residual lung volume
e) diminished elvic ligament tension
the answer is b.
the answer is a.
info: p.154
Term Definition
ATLS MCQ #5
the answer is d.
info. page 61
Term Definition
the answer is e.
The best guide for adequate fluid resuscitation of the burn patient is
background:
source:
http://www.medbc.com/annals/review/vol_16/num_4/text/vol16n4p173.asp
Term Definition
a) hypoxemia
b) acidosis
c) hypotension
the answer is e.
a) application of a tourniquet
background
For the patient with severe traumatic brain injury, profound hypocarbia
should be avoided to prevent
a) respiratory alkalosis
b) metabolic acidosis
background info
http://www.liebertonline.com/doi/abs/10.1089/089771501750055776?journal
Code=neu
-----------
Hypercarbia and hypoxia are both potent cerebral vasodilators that result
in increased cerebral blood flow and volume and, potentially, increased
ICP; thus, they must be avoided. Orotracheal intubation allows for airway
protection in patients who are severely obtunded and allows for better
control of oxygenation and ventilation.
http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/909105-overview
------------
Term Definition
c) exploratory laparotomy
e) transesophageal echocardiography
background:
Term Definition
a) 2
b) 4
c) 6
d) 9
e) 12
info: p.138
background info:
background is:
Term Definition
a) distended abdomen
background is:
Term Definition
a) endotracheal intubation
background is:
Term Definition
c) muscular spasms
d) pregnancy
background info:
found a source
http://www.rxlist.com/tetanus-drug.htm
Term Definition
b. pulse volume
c. breath sounds
d. pulse pressure
background info:
Term Definition
background info:
Term Definition
a) perform FAST
c) perform an angiography
background info:
Term Definition
a) perform a surgical
cricothyroidotomy
background:
Term Definition
a) moist heat
b) early amputation
background is:
"4. Use moist heat (warm water) to
warm the casualty, rather than dry heat
(radiator or fire). Dry heat can cause
more damage."
source http://ezinearticles.com/?10-
Tips-For-Treating-
Frostbite&id=1666183
Term Definition
background is:
Term Definition
a) requires a CT scan
background:
Term Definition
a) oliguria
b) confusion
c) hypotension
d) tachycardia
background:
Term Definition
ATLS MCQ #30 - 75% sure [??? deals ATLS MCQ #30
with intraosseous fluid resuscitation]
a) only crystalloid solutions may be safely infused through the needle (NO)
e) swelling in the soft tissues around the intraosseous site is not a reason to
discontinue infusion
background:
". It can be maintained for 24–48 hours, after which another route of access
should be obtained."
source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intraosseous_infusion
SOURCE OF DIRETIONS
http://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:Rxmq0CyxS64J:www.fchn.or
g/docs/northstar/EZ-
IO%2520directions.pdf+intraosseous+infusion+system+directions&hl=en&
gl=us&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEESj6FX7bjUc0C5D7KWUFeTb5TaPt3EGkL
CJOC9vBJGAdO4EXJTBlmph03TlX98ISaFNWzadJs_GpwYvP0plN2qaI
Un1G7arMl9863x6bVhEqWxirhWJBhP-QQ47-
Hjltels61jbo&sig=AHIEtbTUtqah8qhN5wrnat9mK5aa3zozoQ
Term Definition
b) cardiac tamponade
c) massive hemothorax
d) tension pneumothorax
e) diaphragmatic rupture
background is:
Term Definition
background:
Term Definition
e) Brown-Sequard syndrome
the answer is: c
background:
Term Definition
background:
some info on flashcards for
tracheostomy indications (i.e. you don't
do it in emergency cases)
Term Definition
a) It is not reliable
background info:
Term Definition
a) perform a colonoscopy
Term Definition
background is:
Term Definition
e) perform an chest CT
background:
Term Definition
background:
Term Definition
http://forums.studentdoctor.net/showthread.php?t=736635
Term Definition
Term Definition
-------------------
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================
__________________
http://forums.studentdoctor.net/showthread.php?t=736635
Term Definition
ATLS: Notes
ATLS:
from Notes
the first
from
day,
the6/23/10
first day, 6/23/10
Introduction
Bill Elder
A,B,C,D,E
Initial asessment
- Pitfalls
- burn in a house
Breathing
Circulation
- level of consciousness
- skin color and temperature
- control bleeding
- reassess patient
Disability
- GCS
- pupils
Exposure/Enfironment
- avoid hypothermia
Resuscitation
SECONDARY SURVEY
Parts
- history
- PE
- Neuro
- Diagnostic tests
- Reassess
History
Head
- pelvis
Spine
Pain management
Transfer
- if hemorrhaging, abdominal
distension, operate at facilty, then send
them
Video
- get info from EMS
- assign roles
- ABCDE
NOTES
- Be respectful to EMTs
- don't be prideful
Airway
- airway compromise
- Oral intubation
- LMA/LTA
- Needle cricothyroidotomy
- surgical airway
Airway management
- preoxygenate
SHOCK
Shock
- anxiety
- hypovolemic
- x-ray
Treatment
- direct pressure/tourniquet
- pelvic binders
Management
- monitor response
- prevent hypothermia
Rapid responders
Transient responders
Non-responders
Class I hemorrhage
Class III
Pitfalls
- Pacemaker:
- Hypothermia:
- Early coagulopathy:
- misleading Hct/Hgb
THORACIC TRAUMA
Birsche - ED
- Airway obstruction
- Tension pneumothorax
- Open pneumothorax
- Flail chest
- intubate
Massive hemothorax
- to OR
Cardiac tamponade
- low BP
- FAST exam
Resuscitative thoracotomy
- subcutaneous emphysema
Fractures
- ribs
RANDOM
- Blunt trauma
- urinary catheter
- Blunt Trauma
ATLS: Notes
ATLS:
from Notes
the second
from day:
the second day:
Head Trauma Head
6.24.10
Trauma 6.24.10
HEAD TRAUMA
- scan them
- Mass effect
- Monroe-Kellie Doctrine
- head is a box;
Intracranial pressure
- keep it below 20
- Keep their BP up
- cranial vault
- depressed/nondepressed
- open/closed
- Basilar
Brain injuries
- Focal(ish)
- epidural
- subdural
- intraparenchymal
Diffuse(ish)
- concussion
- multiple contusions
- hypoxic/ischemic injury
Need to assess
EPIDURAL HEMATOMA
- hit head
- take to OR
HERNIATION
SUBDURAL HEMATOMA
- treatment: hemicraniectomy
INTRACEREBRAL
HEMATOMA/CONTUSION
GCS
GCS 13-15
GCS 9-12
- CT scan all
- neuro exam
GCS 3-8
- neuro
- reevaluate
- p.142
MANAGEMENT
- ABCDE
- pupils
- lateralization signs
- controlled ventilation
- etCO2
- IV - euvolemia, NS or LR
- consult neuro
- mannitol
Meds
Scalp wounds
- direct pressure
- etomidate is a sedative
Term Definition
ATLS: Notes
ATLS:
from Notes
the second
from day:
the second day:
Spine Injury
Spine
6.24.10
Injury 6.24.10
SPINE INJURY
- mechanism of injury
- unconscious patient
- neuro deficit
- p.169-170
- x-rays
Neurogenic shock
Spinal shock
- no hemodynamic issues
Consequences
- inadequate ventilation
Management
- keep BP>50
ATLS: Notes
ATLS:
from Notes
the second
from day:
the second day:
Musculoskeletal
Musculoskeletal
trauma 6.24.10
trauma 6.24.10
Musculoskeletal trauma
- splinting
- relieves pain
- stabilization
- secondary survey
- mechanism of injury
- concerns
- open fracture
- crus injuries
- tibia, forearm
- burns
- p.196
Pitfalls
- MSK exam
- pulses
- traction splint
- use it
- pain control
Vacuum splint
- pretty cool
Compartment syndrome
Pelvic fracture
ATLS: Notes
ATLS:
from Notes
the second
from day:
the second day:
Looking at Looking
spine x-rays
at spine
6.24.10
x-rays 6.24.10
C-spine
- cartilage
- dens
- odontoid view
- c2 fracture
- hangmans fracture
- c4 fracture
- thoracolumbar fracture
- burst fraction
- chance fracture
ATLS: Notes
ATLS:
from Notes
the second
from day:
the second day:
Thermal Injuries
Thermal
6.24.10
Injuries 6.24.10
Thermal Injuries
Iowa
Burn patient
- change in voice
- singeing
Chemical burns
Electrical burns
- risk of myoglobinuria
- etc
- p.219
Frostnip
- passive warming
- fluids, pain meds, tetanus, etc
Treatment
ATLS: Notes
ATLS:
from Notes
the second
from day:
the second day:
Pediatric trauma
Pediatric
6.24.10
trauma 6.24.10
Pediatric trauma
A - obstructs easily;
Intraosseus IV
Child abuse
- delay in care
- story changes
- etc