Michaela Allen Go BSCS-CS 3-2

5 Filipino Propagandists

– Functions and Contributions to the Propaganda Movement –

1. Jose Alejandrino

- While in Spain, He was one of the members of the Propaganda Movement which
demanded equality, especially equal opportunities in the colonial administration, for
Spaniards and Filipinos.

- He was also a contributor to La solidaridad, an organization composed of Filipino liberals

living abroad since 1872, mostly attending different universities across Europe. The
group aimed to increase Spanish awareness of the needs of its colony, the Philippines,
and to foster a closer relationship between the archipelago and Spain.

- Alejandrino helped José Rizal in correcting errors in the El filibusterismo, which was
published in Ghent, Belgium. He also helped distribute copies of the said manuscript.

- When Aguinaldo accepted the offer, Evangelista proceeded

to Hong Kong, where he helped organise the Consejo
Revolucionario along with Felipe Agoncillo, José Maria Basa
and Mariano Ponce.

- He became part of the group in the Hong Kong Committee,

which included Agoncillo and Galicano Apacible, who was the
head of La solidaridad, which advocated Philippines
independence, as opposed to the circle led by Basa and
Doroteo Cortes, who were for annexation by the United States.

- In February 1897, Alejandrino went to Japan in hopes of

acquiring more weapons for the revolutionaries.

2. Pedro Serrano Laktaw

- Laktaw, who also took part of the propaganda movement, along with Marcelo H. Del
Pilar, Doroteo Cortes, Deodato Arellano, helped the Comite de Propaganda extolling
democratic principles and exposing friars' abuses. The Comite based in Manila, helped
finance the publication of La Solidaridadin Spain.

- He resumed his propagandistic career, writing articles for El Heraldo de la Revolucion.

He continued writing nationalistic articles under the American regime, for other organs
such as Ang Bayan, Ang Kapatid ng Bayan and Kalayaan.
Michaela Allen Go BSCS-CS 3-2

3. Pedro Paterno

- His greatest contribution to the country was his role as a mediator in the peace
agreement between the Spaniards and the Filipinos.

4. Dominador Gomez

- He was an active member of the propaganda movement. He was a leading member of

the Asociacion Hispano-Filipina and a contributor to La Solidaridad. He used the pen
name Ramiro Franco.

5. Jose Ma. Panganiban

Functions and Contributions:

- In May 1888, Panganiban sailed for Spain and continued his medical studies at the
University of Barcelona, Spain, where he met other Filipino propagandists agitating for
reforms in the colony.

- He joined reformist groups such as the Asociacion Hispano-Filipina and La

Solidaridad because he believed in instituting reforms in the Philippines, and used the
pen names "Jomapa" and "J.M.P."

- On April 25, 1889 Panganiban signed a petition addressed to the Spanish Minister of
Colonies, requesting Filipino representation in the Spanish Cortes.

- While in Spain, he learned other languages like German, Italian, and French, adding to
the Spanish and Latin he learned during his student days in the seminary of Nueva
Caceres (Naga City, Camarines Sur). He was able to translate into Spanish the book of
German author Carl Julius Weber entitled: Die Religio und Die Religionen (Religion and
Other Religions).

- Being one of the writers of the La Solidaridad, he called the attention of the Spaniards
on the freedom of the press and criticized the educational system in the Philippines.

- His works were recognized by Jose Rizal who even said "He was a true orator, of easy
and energetic words, vigorous in concepts and of practical and transcedental ideas".
Among the articles he published were "El Pensamiento", "La Universidad de Manila: Su
Plan de Estudio", and "Los Nuevos Ayuntamientos de Filipinas". He continued to write
popems and short stories, including "Ang Lupang Tinubuan", "Noches en Mambulao",
"Sa Aking buhay", "Bahia de Mambulao", "La Mejerde Oro", "Amor mio", "Clarita Perez"
and "Kandeng".