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6 CHARACTERISTICS OF LIVING
THINGS
a. use energy – have a metabolism- the
building up and breaking down of chemicals
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webanatomy.net/anatomy/muscle3_notes.htm
f. have cells
unicellular – single celled paramecium
multicellular- many celled as in humans
bone cells
nerve cells
cell pictures from www.uic.edu/classes/bios/bios100/labs/celllab.htm
SPONTANEOUS GENERATION- an
UNTRUE THEORY stating that living things
arise from nonliving sources FRANCESCO
REDI in the 1600’S DISPROVED THIS IDEA
CONTROLLED EXPERIMENT- A scientist
carries out two tests that are identical in every
way except for one factor.
MANIPULATED VARIABLE- the factor that
the scientist changes
control experiment variable experiment
Had meat in a jar with had meat in a jar with a
no lid lid
maggots developed in no maggots developed
this meat in this meat
Redi proved life comes from life flies
comes from the eggs of flies
PASTEUR a French chemist in 1800’s showed
even microbes exhibit biogenesis.
BIOGENESIS life comes from life. He used
two bottles with a curved neck. He boiled the
broth in the bottles and left them uncovered.
The broth remained clean in each bottle for over
1 year. The microbes were settling in the dust
in the curve of the neck of the bottles. By tilting
the bottles the broth mixed with the microbes in
the neck of the curved flask The microbes had
food, reproduced and spoiled the broth.
ROBERT
HOOKE-
first to look
at cells
looked at a
thin section
of cork
his cell drawing of a cork
MITOCHONDRIA – “POWERHOUSE”
produce most of the energy the cell needs they
can reproduce by themselves the more
mitochondria the more energy you have.
ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM –
“transports” passage way carry proteins from
one part of the cell to
another www.ureacycle.com/images/cell.gif
RIBOSOMES – “protein factory” they make
proteins and pass it to the endoplasmic
reticulum.
GOLGI BODIES – “mailroom” they receive
proteins, package them, distribute them to others
parts of the cell and release materials to the
outside of the cell.
CHLOROPLAST – “solar panels” capture
energy from the sunlight and use it to produce
food for the cell
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