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1-Web Evolution and Web Architecture-12-Jul-2018 - Reference Material I - Introduction To Web
1-Web Evolution and Web Architecture-12-Jul-2018 - Reference Material I - Introduction To Web
Introduction to Web
V.Mareeswari
Assistant Professor(Sr)
SITE, VIT, Vellore
Cabin No: 210-A30
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Web Technology Notes
The Internet
Internet is a global system of interconnected networks…
It is a network of networks, that consists of millions of private, public,
academic, business and government networks of local to global
scope…
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Web addresses
Just like every house has a postal code, each Web page has an address describing
where it can be found. On the Web these addresses are called URLs (Uniform
Resource Locator).
http://www.google.com/services/index.htm
http:// - Protocol - This part of the address indicates that it is a Web page.
www - This indicates that the Web page you are looking at is part of the World
WideWeb. Many Web sites do not use www but are still part of the Web.
google.com - This part of the address is the domain name and indicates the
unique address of a Web site.
/services/ - The "/" symbol indicates you have moved into a specific directory in
the Web sites. Directories are like the folders on your computer and help to
organize Web pages in a Web sites.
index.htm - A word with ".htm" or "html" following it indicates the name of the
specific page in the Web site you are looking at.
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Web Technology Notes
Domain Affiliations
Domain Affiliations
arts cultural and entertainment activities
com business organizations
edu educational sites
firm businesses and firms
gov government sites
info information service providers
mil military sites
nom individuals
net networking organizations
org organizations
rec recreational activities
store businesses offering goods for purchase
web entities related to World Wide Web activities
net networking organizations
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Web Technology Notes
Web browsers
Web browsers are programs used to explore the
Internet. Software that creates a unique hypermedia-
based menu on your computer screen and provides a
graphical interface to the Web.
There are many Web browser programs available
including Netscape Navigator, Internet Explorer and
Opera.
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Web Technology Notes
RISKS !!!
Viruses, attack, hacking, identity theft, fraud,
getting passwords, stealing bank details,
intercepting emails, theft of data, posting
unwanted videos, posting unwanted
text………..
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RISK PREVENTION
What do you need to do to minimise some or all of the risk
when accessing the internet ?
FIREWALL
VIRUS SCANNER
INSTALL ADWARE AND MALWARE SCANNERS
BE AWARE OF EMAIL SCAMS
BE CAREFUL WHEN USING PAYMENT SITES
BE CAREFUL DOWNLOADING AND UPLOADING
USE COMPLEX PASSWORDS
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Web Technology Notes
IP Address
The number of IP addresses provided by a 32-bit code
(IPv4) is insufficient for the Internet’s current growth
trajectory
How many different addresses does a 32-bit number
provide?
– 232 = 4,294,967,296
IPv6 is going to increase the address space to 128 bits
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Web Servers
A web server is a computer with special software to host web
pages and web applications.
A web server serves web pages to clients across the Internet or
an Intranet. The web server hosts the pages, scripts, programs,
and multimedia files and serves them using HTTP, a protocol
designed to send files to web browsers and other protocols.
A number of server-side technologies can be used to increase
the power of the server beyond its ability to deliver standard
HTML pages.
These include CGI scripts, server-side includes, SSL security,
and Active Server Pages(ASPs)
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</body>
</html>
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System Architecture
Multi-tier application (n-tier application)
Information tier (data or bottom tier)
Maintains data for the application
Stores data in a relational database management system
(RDBMS)
Middle tier
Implements business logic and presentation logic
Control interactions between application clients and
application data
Client tier (top tier)
Application’s user interface
Users interact directly with the application through the client
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tier
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3 tier Architecture
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Evolution of Web
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SGML
The Standard Generalized Markup Language (1986) is a
standard for defining generalized markup languages for
documents.
Markup Language is a way of writing layout information within
documents.
The XML is a subset of SGML and it adds a number of additional
restrictions on the kinds of SGML syntax.
HTML was theoretically an example of an SGML-based language
until HTML 5.
The second edition of the Oxford English Dictionary (OED) is
entirely marked up with an SGML-based markup language.
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