ALKARGO, S.

COOP CORPORACION COOPERATIVA

Aritz Bidea nº 83 Atela Auzotegia
48100 Mungía (Vizcaya) - SPAIN
Tel.:+34 (94) 674.00.04
Fax: +34 (94) 674.44.17
Apartado 102 / P.O BOX 102
e-mail: alkargo@alkargo.com
DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMERS
 DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMERS
TEST

All transformers undergo the following individual or routine tests as per IEC-76 , BS
171 and UNE 20101:
GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS • Winding resistance measurement
• Check on connection elements & polarity
This catalogue deals with transformers immersed in insulating fluid with natural self cooling (ONAN), three-phase, 50 - 2500 kVA
• Transformer ratio measurement & coupling check
for indoor or outdoor use, 50/60 Hz, hermetically sealed.
• No load losses & no load current measurements
• Load losses measurement
• Short-circuit voltage measurement (main connection point)
• Dielectric tests
MANUFACTURING STANDARD • Induced voltage test in windings
• Applied voltage test in windings

The transformers described in this catalogue are designed On request the following type tests can also be performed:
and tested in accordance to European Union
Harmonisation Document HD428, UNE 21428 and IEC • Heating test
76 standards. • Lighting impulse test
• Measuring of noise level
However, and by request, they can be manufactured • Oil characteristics
according to any other national or international standards, • Others
such us

HD-398, BS 171, NF C52.100, DIN 42.500, UNE 20.101,

IEC 76

UNE 21320, UNE 48103, UNE EN 60551, UNE 20110,

UNE 20145, UNE EN 50180, ETU 5201 E and UNESA OTHER PRODUCTS IN OUR MANUFACTURING
recommendations. Another applicable documents are:
ANSI C57, NEMA, ESI, HN, UTE.
RANGE

• Transformers in silicone (LNAN)

• Cast-resin dry type transformers from 50 to 5000 kVA with high voltage class ≤ 36 kV
• Medium power transformers up to 30 MVA and 72.5 kV
• Earthing transformers & reactances
RATINGS • Impregnated dry transformers
• Auto-transformers
50, 100, 160, 250, 315, 400, 500, 630, 800, 1000, 1250, 1600, 2000, 2500 kVA. • Transformers for rectifiers
• Special transformers
° Preferential power ratings are marked in bold print.
Note: The data and descriptions in this catalogue refer to our present design and construction techniques, and do not constitute an undertaking
on our part unless confirmed as such. We reserve the right to make such modifications and improvements as may be deemed convenient without
HIGH VOLTAGE prior notice.

This material is designed for voltages of ≤ 36 kV. Specific figures are not given for this parameter because of the wide variety of voltages
used. Transformers can be supplied on demand to run at two different primary voltages, the shifth between these input voltages has two
basic alternatives:
• with a primary tap changer which can be switched with no load and no applied voltage
• or by changing terminals under the cover.

LOW VOLTAGE
The secondary voltage under no load is allocated at 420 V, though other voltages can be supplied on demand. When usage requires
two voltages, transformers with two simultaneous voltages can be supplied. In this case the no-load voltages are set to 420 and
242 V. For the lower voltage output the power is K x Pr.

In simultaneous loads the power distribution is: P 1 + P2 =Pr where:

K
P1 = load supplied at 242 V
P 2 = load supplied at 420 V
Pr = rated power
K = 0,75
 VECTOR GROUP REFERENCE
The connections normally used are as follows:

• For rated power levels of 160 kVA or less: Yzn11

• For rated power levels over 160 kVA: Dyn11.

BASIC EQUIPMENT
All transformers are supplied with:

• 3 high voltage bushings

• 4 or 7 low voltage bushings INSULATION LEVELS
• 5-position tap changer on cover, workable with transformer off load
• 2 lifting & tank removal eye-bolts As per IEC 76, BS 171 and UNE 20101 standards these are
• Filling hole with M-40 x 1.5 outside thread and threaded cover set in accordance with the highest voltage for the material,
• Drainage & sampling plug at bottom of tank being the level immediately above the rated voltage.
• 4 two-way, 90º directional wheels
• 2 earthing connections at bottom with M-10 screws

Material maximum 12 kV 17,5 kV 24 kV 36 kV

admissible voltage

Withstand voltage 28 kV 38 kV 50 kV 70 kV

OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
Basic insolation level 75 kV 95 kV 125 kV 170 kV

• Two-contact dial thermometer

• Terminal box TEMPERATURE RISE

• HV plug-in bushing As per IEC 76 and UNE 20101, in normal operating mode:

• Thermostat • 60º K max. in oil

• 65º K average in windings
• LV and HV cable boxes Other temperature rise levels on demand.

• Protection & control block for the following Two-contact dial thermometer HV plug-in bushing Terminal box
functions:
ADVANTAGES OF HERMETIC SEALING
Detection of gas emissions from dielectric liquid Transformers covered by document HD 428 (UNE 21428-1) must have one of the following oil expansion systems:
(trip), detection of excessive increase in pressure on tank (trip),
dielectric liquid temperature reading and liquid level display a) an external conservator tank
(adjustable alarm & trip contacts) b) an air chamber under the cover
c) a hermetically sealed elastic tank

• LV bar bushing Alkargo recommends option (c), which is the one considered in this catalogue, as it has the following advantages:
Protection & control block LV bar bushing
1. Smaller size, as there is no need for an conservator tank or air chamber, making for easier transformer transportation and placement.
For conservator tank type
transformers:
2. Lower overall weight.
• Two contacts Buchholz relay
3. Increased sturdiness and less risk of leaks, there being no weak points such as welds between the expansion tank and the cover, oil
• Silicagel air breather level gauge, Silicagel air breather, etc.
• Magnetic level sensor with one or two contacts 4. Low maintenance due to the absence of elements such as the drier, overpressure valves and liquid level indicators.
• Oil Level indicator
5. No degradation of insulating liquid (oil) by oxidation or absorption of moisture, as there is no contact with the air. The liquid therefore
• Others remains in ideal condition.
Silicagel air breather Two contacts Buchholz relay
6. Better conservation of seals due to lack of contact with air, which means that they stay more flexible.
 L L

Construction details K

C
I- MAGNETIC CIRCUIT

Oriented grain, very low loss magnetic plate is used following UNE 36128. The type or class of plate is chosen on the basis
guaranteed noise level and losses. The net cross section is maintained constant in limbs and yokes throughout the magnetic circuit,
as a special configuration does away with the need for cross-section reducing grip bolts (section reduction).

The limbs and yokes are joined by 45º lugless joints, with complete one-piece yoke, and stacking is arranged so that each
plate profile is staggered with regard to the previous one, thus minimising the effect of the gap. The profile is stepped, with the number E F
of steps required to obtain the best coefficient of useful surface area. A E

J J J

B
II- LOW VOLTAGE WINDING D G

This winding is located next to and concentric with the magnetic circuit. Two clearly different types of wire are used depending on
the allocated current:

- Rectangular cross-section with rounded edges as per UNE 21179; or

- Strips with conditioned edges.

In the former case each wire is insulated with thermal class A cellulose paper or class H enamel. Strips are used bare. Highest voltage for material: 36 kV Low voltage B2: 420 V
The rectangular wire winding is set up in a complete layer configuration with one or more concentric channels for cooling.
The insulation between layers is always B status resin impregnated. Rated Power kVA 50 100 160 250 400 630 800 1000 1250 1600 2000 2500

The width of the strip on strip type windings with conditioned edges covers the whole axial width of the coil, so that each Lenght (mm) A 990 1070 1170 1240 1440 1580 1740 1860 1920 1860 2040 2100
turn is a layer of winding. As the strip is wound a layer of type B resin impregnated paper is wound with it. This polymerises during
the drying cycle, giving the winding the strength to withstand the mechanical stresses entailed by short circuits as per IEC - 76 and Width (mm) B 720 720 720 870 870 960 1040 1120 1120 1100 1160 1350
BS 171 standards.
Height (mm) C 1380 1410 1450 1540 1590 1680 1660 1740 1910 2110 2160 2210

Wheels diameter (mm) D 125 125 125 125 125 125 125 125 200 200 200 200

1Distance between wheel axis (mm) E 520 520 520 670 670 670 670 670 820 820 820 1070

III- HIGH VOLTAGE WINDING Wheels width (mm) F 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 70 70 70 70

Wheel free deep (mm) G 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 45 45 45 45

This is wrapped around the low voltage winding to lie concentric with it, separated by an insulation structure giving the level
of insulation desired.
L.V. bushing height (mm) H 125 125 125 175 175 275 275 325 325 355 355 355
The conductors used are of two types:
• circular cross-section wire Distance between L.V. bushing axis (mm) J 80 80 80 150 150 150 150 150 150 200 200 200
• rectangular cross section strips.
H.V. bushing height (mm) K 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500
The conductors are insulated with thermal class H enamel. The rectangular section wires or strips have thermal class A paper
or thermal class H enamel. With both types of wire, the winding configuration is anti-resonant in one section, making it highly resistant Distance between H.V. bushing axis (mm) L 375 375 375 375 375 375 375 375 375 375 375 375
to ray type pulse waves.
Insolation fluid weight Kg. 115 120 175 235 260 310 460 490 640 830 1030 1170
The insulation between layers is resin impregnated, polymerising during drying to give the winding the strength to withstand
the mechanical stresses entailed by short circuits. Insolation fluid volume l. 128 134 195 262 290 346 485 547 715 927 1150 1300

Total weight Kg. 460 590 810 1040 1410 1670 2240 2640 3330 3910 4850 5550
 DIMENSIONES & WEIGHTS IV- ACTIVE PART
This is the name given to the set of elements which can be removed from the tank of the transformer. Apart from the core and windings,
the main elements are:

• fixing and guide structure

• tap changer
• cover
-The purpose of the fixing structure
• cover bushing
is to hold the windings in the correct axial
The data in the tables are approximate, and correspond to hermetically sealed oil transformers with electrical characteristics position with regard to the magnetic circuit,
as per the above tables. They are not valid for other loss levels, double voltages, different insulation voltages, silicone and to exert the pressure required on that
transformers, etc. In these cases, please consult us. circuit to minimise noise level. It comprises
four beams: two made of layered wood with
phenol resin at the top cylinder head and two
made of steel at the bottom one. Gripping
for height and thickness is via threaded steel
rods which help to adjust the cover height.
Distances between windings and tank are
maintained by two guide feet attached to the
bottom beams.
Highest voltage for material: ≤ 24 kV
-The tap changer, whose control is
Low voltage B2: 420 V on the cover, is set between the cover and
the top of the magnetic circuit. It is a rack
type unit with a clogged pinion which acts
directly on the control shaft.
Rated Power kVA 50 100 160 250 400 630 800 1000 1250 1600 2000 2500
-The cover is made of plain steel
Lenght (mm) A 870 950 1170 1240 1440 1540 1740 1860 1920 1860 2040 2100 plate reinforced by sections which also serve
to attach the vertical rods which raise the
Width (mm) B 720 720 720 870 870 960 1040 1120 1120 1100 1160 1350 rest of the components. The cover is
considerably bigger than the tank frame to
prevent rain water getting into the seal
Height (mm) C 1270 1310 1350 1440 1490 1490 1560 1640 1810 1990 2005 2055
seating area.
Wheels diameter (mm) D 125 125 125 125 125 125 125 125 200 200 200 200 -The high and low voltage cover
bushings are fitted for outdoor service. On
1Distance between wheel axis (mm) E 520 520 520 670 670 670 670 670 820 820 820 1070 demand, and according to the rated current,
low voltage bushings are mounted on an
Wheels width (mm) F 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 70 70 70 70 anti-magnetic plate.

Wheel free deep (mm) G 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 45 45 45 45

L.V. bushing height (mm) H 125 125 125 175 175 275 275 325 325 355 355 355 V- TANK
Distance between L.V. bushing axis (mm) J 80 80 80 150 150 150 150 150 150 200 200 200 The distribution transformer tank is elastic, enabling it to absorb the increase in volume of insulating fluid as it heats up
due to the transformer operation without experiment permanent deformations. It comprises the following components:
H.V. bushing height (mm) K 385 385 385 385 385 385 385 385 385 385 385 385
• supporting frames
Distance between H.V. bushing axis (mm) L 275 275 275 275 275 275 275 275 275 275 275 275 • base
• cooling fins
Insolation fluid weight Kg. 115 120 175 235 260 310 460 490 640 830 1030 1170 • outer frame

Insolation fluid volume l. 128 134 195 262 290 346 485 547 715 927 1150 1300 - The supporting frames are welded to the base in a continuous, watertight bead to prevent rusting. They have holes for
attaching wheel heads and dragging the transformer.
Total weight Kg. 460 590 810 1040 1410 1670 2240 2640 3330 3910 4850 5500 - The base is bath shaped, with earth connections and a drainage device on the sides.
- The cooling fins are the fundamental part of the tank: they form the corrugated side walls and give it the required elasticity.
They are made of cold-rolled steel plate between 1 and 5 mm thick, bent without drawing. Elasticity is obtained by a suitable
combination of height, depth, plate thickness and resulting internal pressure.
- The outer frame of the tank is made of L-section steel, welded to the top of the corrugated side walls. The top of this frame
houses the pressure limiters for the seal and bear the holes for the cover/tank fixing screws.
 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS

The two tables below indicate the guaranteed rated figures as per document HD 428, UNE 21428-1 (1996) and IEC-76 standards.
These figures are valid for a single secondary voltage, even if there is more than one primary voltage.

Highest voltage for material: ≤ 24 kV Highest voltage for material: 36 kV

Low voltage B2: 420 V Low voltage B2: 420 V

Rated Power (kVA) 50 100 160 250 400 630 800 1000 1250 1600 2000 2500 Rated Power (kVA) 50 100 160 250 400 630 800 1000 1250 1600 2000 2500

No load losses (Wo) 190 320 460 650 930 1300 1550 1700 2130 2600 3100 3800 No load losses (Wo) 230 380 520 780 1120 1450 1700 2000 2360 2800 3300 4100

Load losses (Wc) at 75°C 1100 1750 2350 3250 4600 6500 8100 10500 13500 17000 20200 26500 Load losses (Wc) at 75°C 1250 1950 2550 3500 4900 6650 8500 10500 13500 17000 20200 26500

Short-circuit voltage (%) at 75°C 4 4 4 4 4 4 6 6 6 6 6 6 Short-circuit voltage (%) at 75°C 4,5 4,5 4,5 4,5 4,5 4,5 6 6 6 6 6 6

Efficiency (%), cos ␸=1 4/4 F.L. 97,48 97,97 98,27 98,46 98,64 98,78 98,81 98,79 98,77 98,79 98,84 98,80 Efficiency (%), cos ␸=1 4/4 F.L. 97,13 97,72 98,12 98,32 98,51 98,73 98,75 98,77 98,75 98,78 98,83 98,78

3/4 F.L. 97,89 98,29 98,53 98,70 98,84 98,96 99,00 99,00 98,97 99,00 99,04 99,01 3/4 F.L. 97,57 98,07 98,39 98,56 98,72 98,91 98,94 98,96 98,95 98,98 99,03 99,00

2/4 F.L. 98,17 98,51 98,70 98,84 98,98 99,07 99,12 99,14 99,13 99,16 99,18 99,18 2/4 F.L. 97,88 98,29 98,57 98,70 98,84 99,02 99,06 99,08 99,09 99,12 99,16 99,16

1/4 F.L. 97,97 98,31 98,51 98,65 98,80 98,93 98,98 99,07 99,06 99,09 99,14 99,13 1/4 F.L. 97,59 98,03 98,33 98,43 98,59 98,83 98,90 98,95 98,99 99,04 99,10 99,09

Efficiency (%), cos ␸=0,8 4/4F.L. 96,88 97,48 97,85 98,09 98,30 98,47 98,52 98,50 98,46 98,50 98,56 98,51 Efficiency (%), cos ␸=0,8 4/4F.L. 96,43 97,17 97,66 97,91 98,15 98,41 98,44 98,46 98,44 98,47 98,55 98,50

3/4 F.L. 97,37 97,87 98,17 98,37 98,56 98,70 98,75 98,75 98,72 98,76 98,80 98,77 3/4 F.L. 96,98 97,60 98,00 98,20 98,41 98,64 98,67 98,70 98,69 98,72 98,78 98,76

4/4 F.L. 97,73 98,14 98,38 98,56 98,72 98,84 98,91 98,93 98,91 98,95 98,98 98,97 4/4 F.L. 97,36 97,88 98,21 98,38 98,55 98,78 98,83 98,86 98,86 98,90 98,95 98,95

1/4 F.L. 97,48 97,90 98,14 98,32 98,50 98,66 98,73 98,84 98,82 98,87 98,92 98,92 1/4 F.L. 97,01 97,55 97,92 98,04 98,25 98,54 98,62 98,69 98,73 98,81 98,87 98,86

Regulation voltage (%) . cos ␸=1 2,26 1,81 1,54 1,37 1,22 1,10 1,18 1,22 1,25 1,23 1,18 1,23 Regulation voltage (%) . cos ␸=1 2,57 2,03 1,68 1,49 1,32 1,16 1,23 1,22 1,25 1,23 1,18 1,23

Regulation voltage (%) . cos ␸=0,8 3,77 3,58 3,43 3,33 3,25 3,18 4,44 4,47 4,49 4,48 4,44 4,48 Regulation voltage (%) . cos ␸=0,8 426 4,02 3,83 3,72 3,62 3,51 4,48 4,47 4,49 4,48 4,44 4,48

Lw= Acoustic pressure level dB(A) 52 56 59 62 65 67 68 68 70 71 73 76 Lw= Acoustic pressure level dB(A) 52 56 59 62 65 67 68 68 70 71 73 76
F.L. = Full Load F.L. = Full Load
 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS

The two tables below indicate the guaranteed rated figures as per document HD 428, UNE 21428-1 (1996) and IEC-76 standards.
These figures are valid for a single secondary voltage, even if there is more than one primary voltage.

Highest voltage for material: ≤ 24 kV Highest voltage for material: 36 kV

Low voltage B2: 420 V Low voltage B2: 420 V

Rated Power (kVA) 50 100 160 250 400 630 800 1000 1250 1600 2000 2500 Rated Power (kVA) 50 100 160 250 400 630 800 1000 1250 1600 2000 2500

No load losses (Wo) 190 320 460 650 930 1300 1550 1700 2130 2600 3100 3800 No load losses (Wo) 230 380 520 780 1120 1450 1700 2000 2360 2800 3300 4100

Load losses (Wc) at 75°C 1100 1750 2350 3250 4600 6500 8100 10500 13500 17000 20200 26500 Load losses (Wc) at 75°C 1250 1950 2550 3500 4900 6650 8500 10500 13500 17000 20200 26500

Short-circuit voltage (%) at 75°C 4 4 4 4 4 4 6 6 6 6 6 6 Short-circuit voltage (%) at 75°C 4,5 4,5 4,5 4,5 4,5 4,5 6 6 6 6 6 6

Efficiency (%), cos ␸=1 4/4 F.L. 97,48 97,97 98,27 98,46 98,64 98,78 98,81 98,79 98,77 98,79 98,84 98,80 Efficiency (%), cos ␸=1 4/4 F.L. 97,13 97,72 98,12 98,32 98,51 98,73 98,75 98,77 98,75 98,78 98,83 98,78

3/4 F.L. 97,89 98,29 98,53 98,70 98,84 98,96 99,00 99,00 98,97 99,00 99,04 99,01 3/4 F.L. 97,57 98,07 98,39 98,56 98,72 98,91 98,94 98,96 98,95 98,98 99,03 99,00

2/4 F.L. 98,17 98,51 98,70 98,84 98,98 99,07 99,12 99,14 99,13 99,16 99,18 99,18 2/4 F.L. 97,88 98,29 98,57 98,70 98,84 99,02 99,06 99,08 99,09 99,12 99,16 99,16

1/4 F.L. 97,97 98,31 98,51 98,65 98,80 98,93 98,98 99,07 99,06 99,09 99,14 99,13 1/4 F.L. 97,59 98,03 98,33 98,43 98,59 98,83 98,90 98,95 98,99 99,04 99,10 99,09

Efficiency (%), cos ␸=0,8 4/4F.L. 96,88 97,48 97,85 98,09 98,30 98,47 98,52 98,50 98,46 98,50 98,56 98,51 Efficiency (%), cos ␸=0,8 4/4F.L. 96,43 97,17 97,66 97,91 98,15 98,41 98,44 98,46 98,44 98,47 98,55 98,50

3/4 F.L. 97,37 97,87 98,17 98,37 98,56 98,70 98,75 98,75 98,72 98,76 98,80 98,77 3/4 F.L. 96,98 97,60 98,00 98,20 98,41 98,64 98,67 98,70 98,69 98,72 98,78 98,76

4/4 F.L. 97,73 98,14 98,38 98,56 98,72 98,84 98,91 98,93 98,91 98,95 98,98 98,97 4/4 F.L. 97,36 97,88 98,21 98,38 98,55 98,78 98,83 98,86 98,86 98,90 98,95 98,95

1/4 F.L. 97,48 97,90 98,14 98,32 98,50 98,66 98,73 98,84 98,82 98,87 98,92 98,92 1/4 F.L. 97,01 97,55 97,92 98,04 98,25 98,54 98,62 98,69 98,73 98,81 98,87 98,86

Regulation voltage (%) . cos ␸=1 2,26 1,81 1,54 1,37 1,22 1,10 1,18 1,22 1,25 1,23 1,18 1,23 Regulation voltage (%) . cos ␸=1 2,57 2,03 1,68 1,49 1,32 1,16 1,23 1,22 1,25 1,23 1,18 1,23

Regulation voltage (%) . cos ␸=0,8 3,77 3,58 3,43 3,33 3,25 3,18 4,44 4,47 4,49 4,48 4,44 4,48 Regulation voltage (%) . cos ␸=0,8 426 4,02 3,83 3,72 3,62 3,51 4,48 4,47 4,49 4,48 4,44 4,48

Lw= Acoustic pressure level dB(A) 52 56 59 62 65 67 68 68 70 71 73 76 Lw= Acoustic pressure level dB(A) 52 56 59 62 65 67 68 68 70 71 73 76
F.L. = Full Load F.L. = Full Load
 DIMENSIONES & WEIGHTS IV- ACTIVE PART
This is the name given to the set of elements which can be removed from the tank of the transformer. Apart from the core and windings,
the main elements are:

• fixing and guide structure

• tap changer
• cover
-The purpose of the fixing structure
• cover bushing
is to hold the windings in the correct axial
The data in the tables are approximate, and correspond to hermetically sealed oil transformers with electrical characteristics position with regard to the magnetic circuit,
as per the above tables. They are not valid for other loss levels, double voltages, different insulation voltages, silicone and to exert the pressure required on that
transformers, etc. In these cases, please consult us. circuit to minimise noise level. It comprises
four beams: two made of layered wood with
phenol resin at the top cylinder head and two
made of steel at the bottom one. Gripping
for height and thickness is via threaded steel
rods which help to adjust the cover height.
Distances between windings and tank are
maintained by two guide feet attached to the
bottom beams.
Highest voltage for material: ≤ 24 kV
-The tap changer, whose control is
Low voltage B2: 420 V on the cover, is set between the cover and
the top of the magnetic circuit. It is a rack
type unit with a clogged pinion which acts
directly on the control shaft.
Rated Power kVA 50 100 160 250 400 630 800 1000 1250 1600 2000 2500
-The cover is made of plain steel
Lenght (mm) A 870 950 1170 1240 1440 1540 1740 1860 1920 1860 2040 2100 plate reinforced by sections which also serve
to attach the vertical rods which raise the
Width (mm) B 720 720 720 870 870 960 1040 1120 1120 1100 1160 1350 rest of the components. The cover is
considerably bigger than the tank frame to
prevent rain water getting into the seal
Height (mm) C 1270 1310 1350 1440 1490 1490 1560 1640 1810 1990 2005 2055
seating area.
Wheels diameter (mm) D 125 125 125 125 125 125 125 125 200 200 200 200 -The high and low voltage cover
bushings are fitted for outdoor service. On
1Distance between wheel axis (mm) E 520 520 520 670 670 670 670 670 820 820 820 1070 demand, and according to the rated current,
low voltage bushings are mounted on an
Wheels width (mm) F 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 70 70 70 70 anti-magnetic plate.

Wheel free deep (mm) G 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 45 45 45 45

L.V. bushing height (mm) H 125 125 125 175 175 275 275 325 325 355 355 355 V- TANK
Distance between L.V. bushing axis (mm) J 80 80 80 150 150 150 150 150 150 200 200 200 The distribution transformer tank is elastic, enabling it to absorb the increase in volume of insulating fluid as it heats up
due to the transformer operation without experiment permanent deformations. It comprises the following components:
H.V. bushing height (mm) K 385 385 385 385 385 385 385 385 385 385 385 385
• supporting frames
Distance between H.V. bushing axis (mm) L 275 275 275 275 275 275 275 275 275 275 275 275 • base
• cooling fins
Insolation fluid weight Kg. 115 120 175 235 260 310 460 490 640 830 1030 1170 • outer frame

Insolation fluid volume l. 128 134 195 262 290 346 485 547 715 927 1150 1300 - The supporting frames are welded to the base in a continuous, watertight bead to prevent rusting. They have holes for
attaching wheel heads and dragging the transformer.
Total weight Kg. 460 590 810 1040 1410 1670 2240 2640 3330 3910 4850 5500 - The base is bath shaped, with earth connections and a drainage device on the sides.
- The cooling fins are the fundamental part of the tank: they form the corrugated side walls and give it the required elasticity.
They are made of cold-rolled steel plate between 1 and 5 mm thick, bent without drawing. Elasticity is obtained by a suitable
combination of height, depth, plate thickness and resulting internal pressure.
- The outer frame of the tank is made of L-section steel, welded to the top of the corrugated side walls. The top of this frame
houses the pressure limiters for the seal and bear the holes for the cover/tank fixing screws.
 L L

Construction details K

C
I- MAGNETIC CIRCUIT

Oriented grain, very low loss magnetic plate is used following UNE 36128. The type or class of plate is chosen on the basis
guaranteed noise level and losses. The net cross section is maintained constant in limbs and yokes throughout the magnetic circuit,
as a special configuration does away with the need for cross-section reducing grip bolts (section reduction).

The limbs and yokes are joined by 45º lugless joints, with complete one-piece yoke, and stacking is arranged so that each
plate profile is staggered with regard to the previous one, thus minimising the effect of the gap. The profile is stepped, with the number E F
of steps required to obtain the best coefficient of useful surface area. A E

J J J

B
II- LOW VOLTAGE WINDING D G

This winding is located next to and concentric with the magnetic circuit. Two clearly different types of wire are used depending on
the allocated current:

- Rectangular cross-section with rounded edges as per UNE 21179; or

- Strips with conditioned edges.

In the former case each wire is insulated with thermal class A cellulose paper or class H enamel. Strips are used bare. Highest voltage for material: 36 kV Low voltage B2: 420 V
The rectangular wire winding is set up in a complete layer configuration with one or more concentric channels for cooling.
The insulation between layers is always B status resin impregnated. Rated Power kVA 50 100 160 250 400 630 800 1000 1250 1600 2000 2500

The width of the strip on strip type windings with conditioned edges covers the whole axial width of the coil, so that each Lenght (mm) A 990 1070 1170 1240 1440 1580 1740 1860 1920 1860 2040 2100
turn is a layer of winding. As the strip is wound a layer of type B resin impregnated paper is wound with it. This polymerises during
the drying cycle, giving the winding the strength to withstand the mechanical stresses entailed by short circuits as per IEC - 76 and Width (mm) B 720 720 720 870 870 960 1040 1120 1120 1100 1160 1350
BS 171 standards.
Height (mm) C 1380 1410 1450 1540 1590 1680 1660 1740 1910 2110 2160 2210

Wheels diameter (mm) D 125 125 125 125 125 125 125 125 200 200 200 200

1Distance between wheel axis (mm) E 520 520 520 670 670 670 670 670 820 820 820 1070

III- HIGH VOLTAGE WINDING Wheels width (mm) F 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 70 70 70 70

Wheel free deep (mm) G 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 45 45 45 45

This is wrapped around the low voltage winding to lie concentric with it, separated by an insulation structure giving the level
of insulation desired.
L.V. bushing height (mm) H 125 125 125 175 175 275 275 325 325 355 355 355
The conductors used are of two types:
• circular cross-section wire Distance between L.V. bushing axis (mm) J 80 80 80 150 150 150 150 150 150 200 200 200
• rectangular cross section strips.
H.V. bushing height (mm) K 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500
The conductors are insulated with thermal class H enamel. The rectangular section wires or strips have thermal class A paper
or thermal class H enamel. With both types of wire, the winding configuration is anti-resonant in one section, making it highly resistant Distance between H.V. bushing axis (mm) L 375 375 375 375 375 375 375 375 375 375 375 375
to ray type pulse waves.
Insolation fluid weight Kg. 115 120 175 235 260 310 460 490 640 830 1030 1170
The insulation between layers is resin impregnated, polymerising during drying to give the winding the strength to withstand
the mechanical stresses entailed by short circuits. Insolation fluid volume l. 128 134 195 262 290 346 485 547 715 927 1150 1300

Total weight Kg. 460 590 810 1040 1410 1670 2240 2640 3330 3910 4850 5550
 VECTOR GROUP REFERENCE
The connections normally used are as follows:

• For rated power levels of 160 kVA or less: Yzn11

• For rated power levels over 160 kVA: Dyn11.

BASIC EQUIPMENT
All transformers are supplied with:

• 3 high voltage bushings

• 4 or 7 low voltage bushings INSULATION LEVELS
• 5-position tap changer on cover, workable with transformer off load
• 2 lifting & tank removal eye-bolts As per IEC 76, BS 171 and UNE 20101 standards these are
• Filling hole with M-40 x 1.5 outside thread and threaded cover set in accordance with the highest voltage for the material,
• Drainage & sampling plug at bottom of tank being the level immediately above the rated voltage.
• 4 two-way, 90º directional wheels
• 2 earthing connections at bottom with M-10 screws

Material maximum 12 kV 17,5 kV 24 kV 36 kV

admissible voltage

Withstand voltage 28 kV 38 kV 50 kV 70 kV

OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
Basic insolation level 75 kV 95 kV 125 kV 170 kV

• Two-contact dial thermometer

• Terminal box TEMPERATURE RISE

• HV plug-in bushing As per IEC 76 and UNE 20101, in normal operating mode:

• Thermostat • 60º K max. in oil

• 65º K average in windings
• LV and HV cable boxes Other temperature rise levels on demand.

• Protection & control block for the following Two-contact dial thermometer HV plug-in bushing Terminal box
functions:
ADVANTAGES OF HERMETIC SEALING
Detection of gas emissions from dielectric liquid Transformers covered by document HD 428 (UNE 21428-1) must have one of the following oil expansion systems:
(trip), detection of excessive increase in pressure on tank (trip),
dielectric liquid temperature reading and liquid level display a) an external conservator tank
(adjustable alarm & trip contacts) b) an air chamber under the cover
c) a hermetically sealed elastic tank

• LV bar bushing Alkargo recommends option (c), which is the one considered in this catalogue, as it has the following advantages:
Protection & control block LV bar bushing
1. Smaller size, as there is no need for an conservator tank or air chamber, making for easier transformer transportation and placement.
For conservator tank type
transformers:
2. Lower overall weight.
• Two contacts Buchholz relay
3. Increased sturdiness and less risk of leaks, there being no weak points such as welds between the expansion tank and the cover, oil
• Silicagel air breather level gauge, Silicagel air breather, etc.
• Magnetic level sensor with one or two contacts 4. Low maintenance due to the absence of elements such as the drier, overpressure valves and liquid level indicators.
• Oil Level indicator
5. No degradation of insulating liquid (oil) by oxidation or absorption of moisture, as there is no contact with the air. The liquid therefore
• Others remains in ideal condition.
Silicagel air breather Two contacts Buchholz relay
6. Better conservation of seals due to lack of contact with air, which means that they stay more flexible.
 DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMERS
TEST

All transformers undergo the following individual or routine tests as per IEC-76 , BS
171 and UNE 20101:
GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS • Winding resistance measurement
• Check on connection elements & polarity
This catalogue deals with transformers immersed in insulating fluid with natural self cooling (ONAN), three-phase, 50 - 2500 kVA
• Transformer ratio measurement & coupling check
for indoor or outdoor use, 50/60 Hz, hermetically sealed.
• No load losses & no load current measurements
• Load losses measurement
• Short-circuit voltage measurement (main connection point)
• Dielectric tests
MANUFACTURING STANDARD • Induced voltage test in windings
• Applied voltage test in windings

The transformers described in this catalogue are designed On request the following type tests can also be performed:
and tested in accordance to European Union
Harmonisation Document HD428, UNE 21428 and IEC • Heating test
76 standards. • Lighting impulse test
• Measuring of noise level
However, and by request, they can be manufactured • Oil characteristics
according to any other national or international standards, • Others
such us

HD-398, BS 171, NF C52.100, DIN 42.500, UNE 20.101,

IEC 76

UNE 21320, UNE 48103, UNE EN 60551, UNE 20110,

UNE 20145, UNE EN 50180, ETU 5201 E and UNESA OTHER PRODUCTS IN OUR MANUFACTURING
recommendations. Another applicable documents are:
ANSI C57, NEMA, ESI, HN, UTE.
RANGE

• Transformers in silicone (LNAN)

• Cast-resin dry type transformers from 50 to 5000 kVA with high voltage class ≤ 36 kV
• Medium power transformers up to 30 MVA and 72.5 kV
• Earthing transformers & reactances
RATINGS • Impregnated dry transformers
• Auto-transformers
50, 100, 160, 250, 315, 400, 500, 630, 800, 1000, 1250, 1600, 2000, 2500 kVA. • Transformers for rectifiers
• Special transformers
° Preferential power ratings are marked in bold print.
Note: The data and descriptions in this catalogue refer to our present design and construction techniques, and do not constitute an undertaking
on our part unless confirmed as such. We reserve the right to make such modifications and improvements as may be deemed convenient without
HIGH VOLTAGE prior notice.

This material is designed for voltages of ≤ 36 kV. Specific figures are not given for this parameter because of the wide variety of voltages
used. Transformers can be supplied on demand to run at two different primary voltages, the shifth between these input voltages has two
basic alternatives:
• with a primary tap changer which can be switched with no load and no applied voltage
• or by changing terminals under the cover.

LOW VOLTAGE
The secondary voltage under no load is allocated at 420 V, though other voltages can be supplied on demand. When usage requires
two voltages, transformers with two simultaneous voltages can be supplied. In this case the no-load voltages are set to 420 and
242 V. For the lower voltage output the power is K x Pr.

In simultaneous loads the power distribution is: P 1 + P2 =Pr where:

K
P1 = load supplied at 242 V
P 2 = load supplied at 420 V
Pr = rated power
K = 0,75
ALKARGO, S. COOP CORPORACION COOPERATIVA
Aritz Bidea nº 83 Atela Auzotegia
48100 Mungía (Vizcaya) - SPAIN
Tel.:+34 (94) 674.00.04
Fax: +34 (94) 674.44.17
Apartado 102 / P.O BOX 102
e-mail: alkargo@alkargo.com
DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMERS