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Ñããè—ãã¶ãñÎÌãÀãè ‚ã£¾ãã¾ã3À㠇㊽ãþããñØã 1

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¶ã ½ããØããÌããÔããè ¹ãÀñÎãã ý ªñÌãã Ôãì‡ãŠãßì Öã ½ãã¶ãÔãã ý ¹ããÖËã ‚ãÔãñ ýý26ýý ªñŒãõâ Ôã‡ãŠßã¦ããèÃÞãñâ
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Ñããè¼ãØãÌãã¶ãìÌããÞã :
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‚ã¶ãìãäÓŸ•ãñ ý •ãñ©ã ÌããñߌããèÔãÌãñâ ¹ãããäÌã•ãñ ý ¦ãªÆì¹ã¦ãã ýý36ýý †‡ãìŠ ‡ãŠ½ãþããñØãì •ãã¥ã ý •ãñ©ã
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Ñããè—ãã¶ãñÎÌãÀãè ‚ã£¾ãã¾ã3À㠇㊽ãþããñØã 2

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•ãõÔãñâ •ãßÞãÀã •ãß Ôããâ¡ñ ý ‚ãããä¥ã ¦ã¦àã¥ããèâ ½ãÀ¥ã ½ããâ¡ñ ý Öã ÔÌã£ã½ãÃì ¦ãñ¥ãñâ ¹ãã¡ñâ ý ãäÌãÔãâºããñâ ¶ã¾ãñ
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Ñããè—ãã¶ãñÎÌãÀãè ‚ã£¾ãã¾ã3À㠇㊽ãþããñØã 6

ªñŒãã ãäÌããäÖ¦ã ãä‡ãÆŠ¾ãããäÌããä£ã ý ãä¶ãÖñæãì‡ãŠã ºãìã䣪 ý •ããñ ‚ãÔããä¦ã¾ãñ Ôã½ãðã䣪 ý ãäÌããä¶ã¾ããñØãì ‡ãŠÀãè
ýý19ýý ØãìÀì Øããñ¨ã ‚ããäض㠹ãî•ããè ý ‚ãÌãÔãÀãèâ ¼ã•ãñ ãä̪•ããèâ ý ãä¶ããä½ã§ããã䪇ãŠãèâ ¾ã•ããè ý ãä¹ã¦ãÀãñªáªñÎãñâ
ýý120ýý ¾ãã ¾ã—ããä‡ãÆŠ¾ãã „ãäÞã¦ãã ý ¾ã—ãñÎããèâ ÖÌã¶ã ‡ãŠãäÀ¦ããâ ý Öì¦ãÎãñÓã (ÖÌã¶ãªÆ̾ããâ¦ããèË ‚ãÌãÎãñÓã)
ÔÌã¼ããÌã¦ã: ý „Àñ •ãñâ •ãñâ ýý21ýý ¦ãñâ ÔãìŒãñâ ‚ãã¹ãìËñ ÜãÀãèâ ý ‡ã슛ìâºãñÔããè ¼ããñ•ã¶ã ‡ãŠÀãè ý ‡ãŠãèâ ¼ããñؾããäÞã
¦ãñâ ãä¶ãÌããÀãè ý ‡ãŠÊ½ãÓãã¦ãñâ ýý22ýý ¦ãñâ ¾ã—ããÌããäÎãÓ› ¼ããñØããè ý ½Ö¥ããõãä¶ã Ôããâãä¡•ãñ ¦ããñ ‚ãÜããèâ ý
•ã¾ãã¹ãÀãè ½ãÖãÀãñØããè ý ‚ã½ãð¦ããäÔãã䣪 ýý23ýý ‡ãŠãâ ¦ã§Ìããä¶ãÓŸì •ãõÔãã ý ¶ããØãÌãñ ¼ãÆãâãä¦ãËñÎãã ý ¦ããñ
ÎãñÓã¼ããñØããè (¾ã—ããÌããäÎãÓ› ¼ãàã¥ã ‡ãŠÀ¥ããÀã) ¦ãõÔãã ý ¶ãã‡ãŠßñ ªãñÓãã ýý24ýý ½Ö¥ããõãä¶ã ÔÌã£ã½ãñÃâ •ãñâ ‚ã•ãñà ý
¦ãñâ ÔÌã£ã½ãñÃâãäÞã ãäÌããä¶ã¾ããñãäØã•ãñ ý ½ãØã „Àñ ¦ãñâ ¼ããñãäØã•ãñ ý Ôãâ¦ããñÓãñâÔããèâ ýý25ýý Öñâ ÌããâÞãîãä¶ã ¹ãã©ããà ý
ÀãÖã›ãñ ¶ã¾ãñ ‚㶾ã©ãã ý †ñÔããè ‚ã㪿ã Öñ ‡ãŠ©ãã ý Ñããè½ãìÀãÀãè ÔããâØãñ ýý26ýý •ãñ ªñÖãäÞã ‚ãã¹ã¥ã¹ãñâ
½ãããä¶ã¦ããè ý ‚ãããä¥ã ãäÌãÓã¾ããâ¦ãñâ ¼ããñؾ㠽֥ã¦ããè ý ¾ãã¹ãÀ¦ãñâ ¶ã Ô½ãÀ¦ããè ý ‚ãããä¥ã‡ãŠ ‡ãŠãâÖãèâýý27ýý Öñâ
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ƒâãäªÆ¾ãÀìÞããèÔãããäÀŒãñâ ý ‡ãŠÀãäÌã¦ããè ¹ãã‡ãŠ ãä¶ã‡ãñŠ ý ¦ãñ ¹ãããä¹ã¾ãñ ¹ãã¦ã‡ãñŠâ ý ÔãñãäÌã¦ããè •ãã¥ã ýý29ýý
Ôãâ¹ããä§ã•ãã¦ã (ÔãÌãà Ôãâ¹ããä§ã) ‚ããÜãÌãñâ ý Öñâ ÖÌã¶ãªÆ̾㠽ãã¶ããÌãñâ ý ½ãØã ÔÌã£ã½ãþã—ãñâ ‚ã¹ããÃÌãñâ ý ‚ããã䪹ãìÀìÓããèâ
ýý130ýý Öñâ Ôããâ¡ãñãä¶ã¾ããâ ½ãîŒãà ý ‚ãã¹ã¥ã¹ãñâ¾ããËãØããèâ (‚ãã¹ãʾãã ÔÌã¦ã:‡ãŠãäÀ¦ããâ) ªñŒã ý ãä¶ã¹ã•ããäÌã¦ããè ¹ãã‡ãŠ
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Öãñ¾ãñ ý ½Ö¥ããõãä¶ã¾ããâ ýý32ýý Öñ⠶㠽֥ããÌãñâ Ôãã£ããÀ¥ã ý ‚㶶㠺ãƽÖÀî¹ã •ãã¥ã ý •ãñâ •ããèÌã¶ãÖñ¦ãì
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‚㶶ããªá ¼ãÌãã䶦㠼ãî¦ãããä¶ã ¹ã•ãö¾ã㪶¶ãÔãâ¼ãÌã: ý ¾ã—ããªá ¼ãÌããä¦ã ¹ã•ãö¾ããñ ¾ã—ã: ‡ãŠ½ãÃÔã½ãìªá¼ãÌã:
ýý14ýý ‡ãŠ½ãà ºãƽÖãñªá¼ãÌãâ ãäÌãã䣪 ºãƽÖãàãÀÔã½ãìªá¼ãÌãâ ý ¦ãÔ½ãã¦ãá ÔãÌãÃØã¦ãâ ºãÆ½Ö ãä¶ã¦¾ãâ ¾ã—ãñ
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‚㶶ããÔ¦ãÌã ¼ãî¦ãñâ ý ¹ãÆÀãñÖãñ ¹ããÌã¦ããè Ôã½ãÔ¦ãñâ ý ½ãØã ¹ã•ãö¾ãì ¾ã㠂㶶ãã¦ãñâ ý ÔãÌãè㠹ãÆÔãÌãñ ýý34ýý
¦ã¾ãã ¹ã•ãö¾ãã ¾ã—ããè⠕㶽ã ý ¾ã—ãã¦ãñâ ¹ãÆØã›ãè ‡ãŠ½ãà ý ‡ãŠ½ããÃãäÔã ‚ãããäª ºãÆ½Ö ý ÌãñªÀî¹ã ýý35ýý ¦ã¾ãã
Ìãñªãâ¦ãñâ ¹ãÀ㦹ãÀ ý ¹ãÆÔãÌã¦ãÔãñ ‚ãàãÀ (‚ããäÌã¶ããÎããè ºãƽÖ) ý ½Ö¥ããõãä¶ã Öñâ ÞãÀãÞãÀ ý ºãƽֺ㣪 ýý36ýý
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†Ìãâ ¹ãÆÌããä¦ãæãâ Þã‡ãÆ⊠¶ãã¶ãìÌã¦ãþã¦ããèÖ ¾ã: ý ‚ãÜãã¾ãìãäÀã䶪ƾããÀã½ããñ ½ããñÜãâ ¹ãã©ãà Ôã •ããèÌããä¦ã ýý16ýý
†ñÎããè Öñ ‚ãããäª ¹ãÀâ¹ãÀã ý Ôãâàãñ¹ãñâ ¦ãì•ã £ã¶ãì£ãÃÀã ý ÔããâãäØã¦ãËãè ¾ãã ‚ã£ÌãÀã (ÔÌã£ã½ãþã—ã, ¾ã—ããÔãâºãâ£ããè) ý
ËãØãîãä¶ã¾ããâ ýý38ýý ½Ö¥ããõãä¶ã Ôã½ãîß Öã „ãäÞã¦ãì ý ÔÌã£ã½ãÃÀî¹ã ‡ãÆŠ¦ãì ý ¶ãã¶ãìÓŸãè •ããñ ½ã§ãì ý Ëãñ‡ãŠãèâ
ƒ¾ãñ ýý39ýý ¦ããñ ¹ãã¦ã‡ãŠãâÞããè ÀãÎããè ý •ãã¥ã ¼ããÀ ¼ãî½ããèÔããè ý •ããñ ‡ã슇㊽ãñÃâ ƒâãäªÆ¾ããâÔããè ý „¹ãñØãã
(„¹ã¾ããñØã ‡ãŠÀîâ ËãØãËã) ØãñËã ýý140ýý ¦ãñ⠕㶽ã‡ãŠ½ãà Ôã‡ãŠß ý ‚ã•ãÃì¶ãã ‚ããä¦ã ãä¶ãÓ¹ãŠß ý •ãõÔãñâ ‡ãŠãâ
Ñããè—ãã¶ãñÎÌãÀãè ‚ã£¾ãã¾ã3À㠇㊽ãþããñØã 7
‚ã¼ãƹã›ß ý ‚ã‡ãŠãßãèâÞãñâ ýý41ýý ‡ãŠãâ Øãßãâ Ô¦ã¶ã ‚ã•ãñÞãñ ý ¦ãõÔãñâ ãä•ã¾ããËñâ (ãä•ã¥ãñâ, •ããèãäÌã¦ã) ªñŒãõâ
¦ã¾ããÞãñâ ý •ã¾ãã ‚ã¶ãìÓŸã¶ã ÔÌã£ã½ããÃÞãñâ ý Üã¡ñãäÞã¶ãã ýý42ýý ½Ö¥ããõãä¶ã †ñ‡ãñ⊠¹ããâ¡Ìãã ý Öã ÔÌã£ã½ãÃì
‡ãŠÌã¥ãñâ ¶ã Ôãâ¡ãÌãã ý ÔãÌãüããÌãñâ ¼ã•ããÌãã ý ÖããäÞã †‡ãìŠ ýý43ýý Öãâ Øãã ÎãÀãèÀ •ãÀãè •ããÖËñâ ý ¦ãÀãè
‡ãŠ¦ãÃ̾ã ÌããñÜãñâ ‚ããËñâ ý ½ãØã „ãäÞã¦ã ‡ãŠãâ ‚ãã¹ãìËñâ ý ÌããñÔãâ¡ãÌãñâ?ýý44ýý ¹ããäÀÔã ¹ããâ Ôã̾ãÔããÞããè (ªãñ¶Öãè
Öã¦ããâ¶ããèâ ºãã¥ã Ôããñ¡¥ããžãã ‚ã•ãÃì¶ãã) ý ½ãîãä¦ãà ËãÖãñãä¶ã ªñÖãÞããè ý Œãâ¦ããè ‡ãŠãäÀ¦ããè ‡ãŠ½ããÃÞããè ý ¦ãñ ØããâÌã¤ñ Øãã
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‚ãã¹ã¥ã¹ããâãäÞã ýý46ýý •ãñ ¦ããñ ‚ã㦽ãºããñ£ãñâ ¦ããñÓãËã ý ¦ãÀãè ‡ãðŠ¦ã‡ãŠã¾ãìà ªñŒãõâ •ããÖËã ý ½Ö¥ããñãä¶ã
ÔãÖ•ãñâ Ôããâ¡ÌãËã ý ‡ãŠ½ãÃÔãâØãî ýý47ýý
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¦ãðã书㠕ãããä˾ãã •ãõÔããèâ ý Ôãã£ã¶ãñâ ÔãÀ¦ããè ‚ãã¹ãõÔããèâ ý ªñŒãõâ ‚ã㦽ã¦ãìÓ›ãèâ ¦ãõÔããèâ ý ‡ãŠ½ãñÃâ ¶ããÖãèâ ýý48ýý
•ãâÌãÌãÀãè ‚ã•ãÃì¶ãã ý ¦ããñ ºããñ£ãì ¼ãñ›ñ¶ãã ½ã¶ãã ý ¦ãâÌããäÞã ¾ã¾ãã Ôãã£ã¶ãã ý ¼ã•ããÌãñâ ËãØãñ ýý49ýý
¦ãÔ½ããªÔã§ãŠ: Ôã¦ã¦ãâ ‡ãŠã¾ãÃ⠇㊽ãà Ôã½ããÞãÀ ý ‚ãÔã§ãŠãñ Ö¿ããÞãÀ¶ãá ‡ãŠ½ãà ¹ãÀ½ã㹶ããñãä¦ã ¹ãîÀìÓã:
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½Ö¥ããõãä¶ã ¦ãâî ãä¶ã¾ã¦ãì ý Ôã‡ãŠß ‡ãŠã½ãÀãäÖ¦ãì ý Öãñ…ãä¶ã¾ããâ „ãäÞã¦ãì ý ÔÌã£ã½ãñà ÀÖã› ýý150ýý •ãñ
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¾ãã‡ãŠãÀ¥ãñâ ¹ãã©ããà ý Öãñ‚ããÌããè (‚ãÔããÌããè, ÌÖãÌããè) ‡ãŠ½ããèà ‚ããÔ©ãã ý Öñ ‚ãããä¥ã‡ãŠããäÖ †‡ãŠã ‚ã©ããà ý „¹ã‡ãŠãÀõË
(„¹ã¾ããñØããè ¹ã¡ñË) ýý53ýý •ãñ ‚ããÞãÀ¦ããâ ‚ãã¹ã¥ã¹ãñ¾ããâ ý ªñŒããè ËãØãñË Ëãñ‡ãŠã ¾ã¾ãã ý ¦ãÀãè Þãì‡ãñŠË
‚ã¹ãã¾ãã ý ¹ãÆÔãâØãñâãäÞã ýý54ýý ªñŒãõâ ¹ãÆ㹦ãã©ãà (‡ãðŠ¦ãã©ãÃ) •ããÖËñ ý •ãñ ãä¶ãÓ‡ãŠã½ã¦ãã ¹ããÌãËñ ý ¦ã¾ããâÖãè
‡ãŠ¦ãÃ̾㠂ãÔãñ „ÀËñâ ý Ëãñ‡ãŠãâËãØããèâ ýý55ýý ½ããØããèÃâ ‚ãâ£ããÔããäÀÔãã ý ¹ãì¤ã ªñŒã¥ããÖãè (¡ãñßÔããäÖ)

Ñããè—ãã¶ãñÎÌãÀãè ‚ã£¾ãã¾ã3À㠇㊽ãþããñØã 8

ÞããËñ •ãõÔãã ý ‚ã—ãã¶ãã ¹ãÆØã›ãÌãã £ã½ãÃì ¦ãõÔãã ý ‚ããÞãÀãñ¶ããè ýý56ýý Öãâ Øãã †ñÔãñâ •ãÀãè ¶ã ‡ãŠãè•ãñ ý
¦ãÀãè ‚ã—ãã¶ããâ ‡ãŠã¾ã „½ã•ãñ? ý ãä¦ãÖãè ‡ãŠÌã¥ãñ¹ãÀãè •ãããä¥ã•ãñ ý ½ããØããæãñâ ¾ãã? ýý57ýý
¾ãªá ¾ãªãÞãÀãä¦ã ÑãñÓŸÔ¦ã§ãªñÌãñ¦ãÀãñ •ã¶ã: ý Ôã ¾ã¦ãá ¹ãƽãã¥ãâ ‡ãìŠÀì¦ãñ Ëãñ‡ãŠÔ¦ãª¶ãìÌã¦ãæãñ ýý21ýý
†©ã Ìã¡ãèË (ÑãñÓŸ, Ìãð£ª) •ãñâ •ãñâ ‡ãŠãäÀ¦ããè ý ¦ã¾ãã ¶ãã½ã £ã½ãÃì ŸñãäÌã¦ããè ý ¦ãñâãäÞã ¾ãñÀ ‚ã¶ãìãäÓŸ¦ããè ý
Ôãã½ã㶾ã Ôã‡ãŠß ýý58ýý Öñâ †ñÔãñâ ‚ãÔãñ ÔÌã¼ããÌãñâ ý ½Ö¥ããõãä¶ã ‡ãŠ½ãà ¶ã Ôãâ¡ãÌãñâ ý ãäÌãÎãñÓãñâ ‚ããÞãÀãÌãñâ ý
ËãØãñâ Ôãâ¦ããèâ ýý59ýý
¶ã ½ãñ ¹ãã©ããÃãäԦ㠇㊦ãÃ̾ãâ ãä¨ãÓãì Ëãñ‡ãñŠÓãì ãä‡ãâŠÞã¶ã ý ¶ãã¶ãÌã㹦ã½ãÌã㹦ã̾ãâ Ìã¦ãà †Ìã Þ㠇㊽ãÃãä¥ã
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‚ãã¦ããâ ‚ãããä¥ã‡ãŠãâãäÞã¾ãã ØããñŸãè ý ‡ãŠã¾ãÎãã ÔããâØããñâ ãä‡ãŠÀãè›ãè ý ªñŒãñâ ½ããèãäÞã ƒ¾ãñ ÀãÖã›ãè ý Ìã¦ãæ㠂ãÔãñâ
ýý160ýý ‡ãŠã¾ã Ôããâ‡ãŠ¡ñâ ‡ãŠãâÖãèâ ½ãã¦ãñâ ý ‡ãŠãèâ ‡ãŠÌã¥ãñâ †‡ãñ⊠‚ãã¦ãñÃâ ý ‚ããÞãÀñâ ½ããè £ã½ããæãñâ ý ½Ö¥ãÔããè
•ãÀãè ýý61ýý ¦ãÀãè ¹ãìÀ¦ãñ¹ã¥ããËãØããèâ ý ‚ãããä¥ã‡ãìŠ ªìÔãÀã ¶ããÖãèâ •ãØããèâ ý †ñÔããè Ôãã½ãìØãÆÆãè (Ôãã½ã©¾ãÃ,
ÔãããäÖ¦¾ã) ½ã㢾ãã ‚ãâØããèâ ý •ãã¥ãÔããè ¦ãâî ýý62ýý ½ãð¦ã ØãìÀì¹ãì¨ã ‚ãããä¥ãËã ý ¦ããñ ¦ãìÌããâ ¹ãÌãã¡ã ªñãäŒãËã ý
¦ããñÖãè ½ããè „ØãËã („ØããÞã, ãä¶ããäÀÞœ¹ã¥ãñâ) ý ‡ãŠ½ããèÃâ Ìã¦ãñÃâ ýý63ýý
¾ããäª Ö¿ãÖâ ¶ã Ìã¦ãñþãâ •ãã¦ãì ‡ãŠ½ãÃ¥¾ã¦ãã䶪Ʀã: ý ½ã½ã Ì㦽ããöãìÌã¦ãö¦ãñ ½ã¶ãìÓ¾ãã: ¹ãã©ãà ÔãÌãÃÎã:
ýý23ýý
¹ãÀãè ÔÌã£ã½ããèà Ìã¦ãñà ‡ãŠõÔãã ý Ôãã‡ãŠãâàãì ‡ãŠãâ Öãñ¾ã •ãõÔãã ý ¦ã¾ããÞããè †‡ãŠã „ªáªñÎãã- ý ËãØããñãä¶ã¾ããâ
ýý64ýý •ãñ ¼ãî¦ã•ãã¦ã Ôã‡ãŠß ý ‚ãÔãñ ‚ãã½ÖãâãäÞã ‚ãã£ããè¶ã ‡ãñŠÌãß ý ¦ãÀãè ¶ã ÌÖãÌãñâ ºãÀß (‚ã½ã¾ããê,
¼ãÆÓ›) ý ½Ö¥ããõãä¶ã¾ããâ ýý65ýý

„¦Ôããèªñ¾ãìãäÀ½ãñ Ëãñ‡ãŠã ¶ã ‡ã슾ããýãá ‡ãŠ½ãà ÞãñªÖ½ãá ý Ôãâ‡ãŠÀÔ¾ã Þ㠇㊦ããà Ծãã½ãì¹ãÖ¶¾ãããä½ã½ãã ¹ãÆ•ãã:

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‚ãã½Öãè ¹ãî¥ãÇãŠã½ã Öãñ„¶ããè ý •ãÀãè ‚ã㦽ããäÔ©ã¦ããè (ºãƽÖãäÔ©ã¦ããè¶ãñâ) ÀãÖì¶ããè ý ¦ãÀãè ¹ãÆ•ãã Öñ ‡ãŠõÔãñãä¶ã ý
ãä¶ãÔ¦ãÀñË?ýý66ýý ƒÖãèâ ‚ãã½ãìÞããè ÌããÔã ¹ããÖãÌããè ý ½ãØã Ìã¦ãæããè¹ãÀãè •ãã¥ããÌããè ý ¦ãñ Ëãñ‡ãŠãäÔ©ããä¦ã
‚ããÜãÌããè ý ¶ãããäÔãËãè ÖãñƒÃË ýý67ýý ½Ö¥ããõãä¶ã Ôã½ã©ãÃì •ããñ †©ãñâ ý ‚ãããä©ãËã ÔãÌã×ã¦ãñ ý ¦ãñ¥ãñâ
ÔããäÌãÎãñÓãñ⠇㊽ããæãñâ ý ¦¾ã•ããÌãñâ ¶ãã ýý68ýý
Ôã§ãŠ: ‡ãŠ½ãÃ¥¾ããäÌã̪ãâÔããñ ¾ã©ãã ‡ãìŠÌãÃã䶦㠼ããÀ¦ã ý ‡ã슾ããêá
ãäÌã̪ãâÔ¦ã©ããçÔã§ãŠãäÎÞã‡ãŠãèÓãÃìËãñÇãŠÔãâØãÆÖ½ãá ýý25ýý

Ñããè—ãã¶ãñÎÌãÀãè ‚ã£¾ãã¾ã3À㠇㊽ãþããñØã 9

 ªñŒãõâ ¹ãŠßããäÞã¾ãã ‚ããÎãã ý ‚ããÞãÀñ ‡ãŠã½ãì‡ãìŠ •ãõÔãã ý ‡ãŠ½ããèÃâ¼ãÀì Öãñ‚ããÌãã ¦ãõÔãã ý ãä¶ãÀãÎããÖãè
(ãä¶ããäÀÞœ ¹ãìÀìÓããÔã ªñŒããèË) ýý69ýý •ãñ ¹ã줦ã¹ã줦ããèâ ¹ãã©ããà ý Öñ Ôã‡ãŠß Ëãñ‡ãŠÔãâÔ©ãã ý Ààã¥ããè¾ã ÔãÌãéãã
ý ½Ö¥ããõãä¶ã¾ããâ ýý170ýý ½ããØãããããÀñâ Ìã¦ããÃÌãñâ ý ãäÌãÎÌã Öñâ ½ããñÖÀñ (¾ããñؾ㠽ããØããÃÔã) ËãÌããÌãñâ ý
‚ãËãõãäˇãŠã ¶ããñÖãÌãñâ ý Ëãñ‡ãŠãâ¹ãÆãä¦ã ýý71ýý
¶ã ºãìã䣪¼ãñªâ •ã¶ã¾ãñª—ãã¶ãã⠇㊽ãÃÔãâãäØã¶ãã½ãá ý •ããñÓã¾ãñ¦ãá ÔãÌãÇ㊽ããÃãä¥ã ãäÌã̪ã¶ãá ¾ãì§ãŠ: Ôã½ããÞãÀ¶ãá
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•ãñâ Ôãã¾ããÔãñâ Ԧ㶾ã ÔãñÌããè ý ¦ãñâ ¹ã‡ãÌã㶶ãñâ ‡ãñŠÌããèâ •ãñÌããè ý ½Ö¥ããõãä¶ã ºãã߇ãŠã •ãõÎããèâ ¶ãñªãÌããèâ ý
£ã¶ãì£ãÃÀã ýý72ýý ¦ãõÎããè⠇㊽ããèÃâ •ã¾ãã ‚ã¾ããñؾã¦ãã ý ¦ã¾ããâ¹ãÆãä¦ã ¶ãõӇ㊽¾ãæãã ý ¶ã ¹ãÆØã›ãÌããè Œãñߦããâ ý
‚ããã䪇ãŠÀì¶ããè ýý73ýý ¦ãñ©ãñâ Ôãã䦇ãÆŠ¾ããÞããè ËãÌããÌããè ý ¦ãñãäÞã †‡ãŠãè ¹ãÆÎãâÔããÌããè ý ¶ãõӇ㊽ããèÃÖãè (‡ãŠ½ããÃÞãã
¦¾ããØã) ªãÌããÌããè ý ‚ããÞãÀãñ¶ããè ýý74ýý ¦ã¾ãã Ëãñ‡ãŠÔãâØãÆÖãËãØããèâ ý Ìã¦ãæã㠇㊽ãÃÔãâØããèâ ý ¦ããñ ‡ãŠ½ãúãâ£ãì
‚ããâØããèâ ý Ìãã•ãõ˶ãã ýý75ýý •ãõÔããè ºãÖìÀìãä¹ã¾ããâÞããè ÀãÌããñ Àã¥ããè ý Ô¨ããè¹ãìÀìÓã¼ããÌããñ ¶ããÖãèâ ½ã¶ããèâ ý ¹ãÀãè
Ëãñ‡ãŠÔãâ¹ã㪥ããè ý ¦ãõÎããèÞã ‡ãŠãäÀ¦ããè ýý76ýý
¹ãƇãðŠ¦ãñ: ãä‡ãÆŠ¾ã½ãã¥ãããä¶ã Øãì¥ãõ: ‡ãŠ½ããÃãä¥ã ÔãÌãÃÎã: ý ‚ãÖâ‡ãŠãÀãäÌã½ãî¤ã¦½ã㠇㊦ããÃÖãä½ããä¦ã ½ã¶¾ã¦ãñ
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ªñŒãõâ ¹ãìãä¤ËãÞãñâ Ìããñ¢ãñâ ý •ãÀãè ‚ãã¹ãìËãâ ½ãã©ããâ Üãñƒ•ãñ ý ¦ãÀãè ÔããâØãñâ ‡ãŠã⠶㠪ãã䛕ãñ (‚ããñ¢¾ããŒããËãèâ ª½ãî¶ã
•ãã¥ãñâ) ý £ã¶ãì£ãÃÀã ýý77ýý ¦ãõÎããè Îãì¼ããÎãì¼ãñ⠇㊽ãñÃâ ý ãä•ã¾ãñâ ãä¶ã¹ã•ã¦ããè ¹ãƇãðŠãä¦ã£ã½ãñÃâ ý ãä¦ã¾ãñâ ½ãîŒãÃ
½ããä¦ã¼ãƽãñâ ý ½ããè ‡ãŠ¦ããà ½Ö¥ãñ ýý78ýý †ñÔãã ‚ãÖâ‡ãŠãÀããäª Àî¤ ý †‡ãŠªñÎããè ½ãî¤ ý ¦ã¾ãã Öã ¹ãÀ½ãã©ãÃ
Øãî¤ ý ¹ãÆØã›ãÌãã ¶ãã ýý79ýý Öñâ ‚ãÔããñ ¹ãÆÔ¦ãì¦ã ý ÔããâãäØã•ãõË ¦ãì•ã ãäÖ¦ã ý ¦ãñâ ‚ã•ãÃì¶ãã ªñ…ãä¶ã ãäÞã§ã ý
‚ãÌã£ããÀãè ¹ããâ ýý180ýý
¦ã§ÌããäÌãÎÌã§ãì ½ãÖãºããÖãñ Øãì¥ã‡ãŠ½ãÃãäÌã¼ããØã¾ããñ: ý Øãì¥ãã Øãì¥ãñÓãì Ìã¦ãö¦ãñ ƒãä¦ã ½ã¦Ìãã ¶ã Ôã••ã¦ãñ
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•ãñâ ¦ã§Ìã—ãããä¶ã¾ããâÞ¾ãã Ÿã¾ããèâ ý ¦ããñ ¹ãƇãðŠãä¦ã¼ããÌããñ ¶ããÖãèâ ý •ãñ©ã ‡ãŠ½ãÕãã¦ã ¹ããÖãèâ ý ãä¶ã¹ã•ã¦ã ‚ãÔãñ
ýý81ýý ¦ãñ ªñÖããä¼ã½ãã¶ãì (ªñÖºãìã䣪 ›ã‡ãã) Ôããâ¡ì¶ããè ý Øãì¥ã‡ãŠ½ãñÃâ (ãä¨ãØãì¥ã Ìã ¦¾ããâÞããè⠇㊽ãñÃ) ÌããñËãâ¡ì¶ããè ý
Ôãããäàã¼ãî¦ã Öãñ„¶ããè ý Ìã¦ãæããè ªñÖãèâ ýý82ýý ½Ö¥ããõãä¶ã ÎãÀãèÀãè •ãÀãè Öãñ¦ããè ý ¦ãÀãè ‡ãŠ½ãúãâ£ãã
¶ãã¦ãߦããè ý •ãõÔãã ‡ãŠãâ ¼ãî¦ãÞãñÓ›ã (¹ãÆã¥ããè½ãã¨ããâÞããè ‡ãŠ½ãñÃ) Øã¼ãÔ¦ããè ý Üãñ¹ãÌãñ¶ãã ýý83ýý
¹ãƇãðŠ¦ãñØãÃì¥ãÔãâ½ãî¤ã: Ô㕕㶦ãñ Øãì¥ã‡ãŠ½ãÃÔãì ý ¦ãã¶ã‡ãðŠ¦Ô¶ããäÌãªãñ ½ã¶ªã¶ãá ‡ãðŠ¦Ô¶ããäÌ㶶ã ãäÌãÞãã˾ãñ¦ãá
ýý29ýý

Ñããè—ãã¶ãñÎÌãÀãè ‚ã£¾ãã¾ã3À㠇㊽ãþããñØã 10

†©ã ‡ãŠ½ããèà ¦ããñãäÞã ãäËâ¹ãñ ý •ããñ Øãì¥ãÔãâ¼ãƽãñâ (Øãì¥ããâÞãñ Ôã¹ã㛿ããâ¦ã Ôããâ¹ã¡¦ããñ) Üãñ¹ãñ ý ¹ãƇãðŠ¦ããèÞãñãä¶ã ‚ãã›ãñ¹ãñâ ý
Ìã¦ãæãì ‚ãÔãñ ýý84ýý ƒâãäªÆ¾ãñâ Øãì¥ãã£ããÀñâ ý ÀãÖ㛦ããè ãä¶ã•ã̾ãã¹ããÀñâ ý ¦ãñâ ¹ãÀ‡ãŠ½ãà ºãË㦇ãŠãÀñâ ý
‚ãã¹ããªãè •ããñ ýý85ýý
½ããä¾ã ÔãÌããÃãä¥ã ‡ãŠ½ããÃãä¥ã ÔãⶾãÔ¾ã㣾ã㦽ãÞãñ¦ãÔãã ý ãä¶ãÀãÎããèãä¶ãýãýããñ ¼ãî¦Ìãã ¾ã죾ãÔÌã ãäÌãØã¦ã•ÌãÀ:
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¦ãÀãè „ãäÞã¦ãñ⠇㊽ãñÃâ ‚ããÜãÌããèâ ý ¦ãìÌããâ ‚ããÞãÀãñãä¶ã ½ã•ã ‚ã¹ããÃÌããèâ ý ¹ãÀãè ãäÞã§ãÌãðãä§ã ¶¾ããÔããÌããè ý
‚ã㦽ãÀî¹ããèâ ýý86ýý ‚ãããä¥ã Öñ⠇㊽ãà ½ããè ‡ãŠ¦ããà ý ‡ãŠãâ ‚ããÞãÀõ¶ã ¾ãã ‚ã©ããà ý †ñÔãã ‚ããä¼ã½ãã¶ãì ¢ã¥ãñâ
ãäÞã§ãã ý ãäÀØããñâ ªñÔããèâ ýý87ýý ¦ãìÌããâ ÎãÀãèÀ¹ãÀã ¶ããñÖãÌãñâ ý ‡ãŠã½ã¶ãã•ãã¦ã (ÔãÌãà Öñ¦ãì) Ôããâ¡ãÌãñâ ý ½ãØã
‚ãÌãÔãÀãñãäÞã¦ã ¼ããñØããÌãñ ý ¼ããñØã Ôã‡ãŠß ýý88ýý ‚ãã¦ããâ ‡ãŠãñªâ¡ Üãñ…ãä¶ã Öã¦ããèâ ý ‚ããÀî¤ ¹ããâ ƒ¾ãñ À©ããèâ
ý ªñƒÃâ ‚ãããäËâØã¶ã ÌããèÀÌãð§ããè ý Ôã½ãã£ãã¶ãñâ ýý89ýý •ãØããèâ ‡ãŠãèãä¦ãà Àî¤Ìããèâ ý ÔÌã£ã½ããÃÞãã ½ãã¶ãì Ìãã¤Ìããèâ
ý ƒ¾ãã (¾ãã ªì¾ããñ£ã¶ããã䪇ãŠãâÞ¾ãã) ¼ããÀã¹ããÔããñãä¶ã Ôããñ¡Ìããèâ ý ½ãñã䪶ããè Öñ ýý190ýý ‚ãã¦ããâ ¹ãã©ãÃì ãä¶ã:Îãâ‡ãìŠ
ÖãñƒÃâ ý ¾ãã ÔãâØãÆã½ãã ãäÞã§ã ªñƒÃâ ý †©ã ÖñâÌããâÞãîãä¶ã ‡ãŠãâÖãèâ ý ºããñËãñâ ¶ã¾ãñ ýý91ýý
¾ãñ ½ãñ ½ã¦ããä½ãªâ ãä¶ã¦¾ã½ã¶ãìãä¦ãÓŸã䶦㠽ãã¶ãÌãã: ý Ñ㣪ãÌ㶦ããñç¶ãìÔãî¾ã¶¦ãñ ½ãì޾㶦ãñ ¦ãñçãä¹ã ‡ãŠ½ãÃãä¼ã:
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Öñ ‚ã¶ãì¹ãÀãñ£ã (ãä¶ããäÎÞã¦ã, ‚ãºãããä£ã¦ã) ½ã¦ã ½ãã¢ãñâ ý ãä•ãÖãèâ ¹ãÀ½ããªÀñâ ÔÌããè‡ãŠããäÀ•ãñ ý Ñ㣪ã¹ãîÌãÇãŠ
‚ã¶ãìãäÓŸ•ãñ ý £ã¶ãì£ãÃÀã ýý92ýý ¦ãñÖãè Ôã‡ãŠß ‡ãŠ½ããèÃâ Ìã¦ãæãì ý •ãã¥ã ¹ãã⠇㊽ãÃÀãäÖ¦ãì ý ½Ö¥ããõãä¶ã Öñâ
ãä¶ããäÎÞã¦ãì ý ‡ãŠÀ¥ããè¾ã Øãã ýý93ýý
¾ãñ ¦Ìãñ¦ãª¼¾ãÔãî¾ã¶¦ããñ ¶ãã¶ãìãä¦ãÓŸã䶦㠽ãñ ½ã¦ã½ãá ý ÔãÌã×ãã¶ããäÌã½ãî¤ãâÔ¦ãã¶ãá ãäÌãã䣪 ¶ãÓ›ã¶ãÞãñ¦ãÔã:
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¶ãã¦ãÀãè ¹ãƇãðŠãä¦ã½ãâ¦ãì Öãñ„ãä¶ã ý ƒâãäªÆ¾ããâ Ëßã ªñ„¶ããè ý •ãñ Öñâ ½ãã¢ãñâ ½ã¦ã ‚ãÌÖñÀì¶ããè (ãä¦ãÀÔ‡ãŠãÀ ‡ãŠÀî¶ã) ý
‚ããñÔãâã䡦ããè ýý94ýý •ãñ Ôãã½ã㶾ã¦Ìãñâ ËñãäŒã¦ããè ý ‚ãÌã—ãã ‡ãŠÀîãä¶ã ªñŒã¦ããè ý ‡ãŠãâ Öã ‚ã©ãÃÌããªì
½Ö¥ã¦ããè ý ÌããÞããß¹ã¥ãñâ ýý95ýý ¦ãñ ½ããñÖ½ããäªÀã ¼ãìËËñ ý ãäÌãÓã¾ããäÌãŒãñâ ÜããÀËñ ý ‚ã—ãã¶ã¹ãâ‡ãŠãèâ
(‚ã—ãã¶ãÀì¹ããè ãäÞãŒãËãâ¦ã) ºãì¡ãËñ ý ãä¶ã¼ãÆãâ¦ã ½ãã¶ããèâ ýý96ýý ªñŒãõâ ÎãÌããÞ¾ãã Öã¦ããèâ ã䪣ãËñâ ý •ãõÔãñâ À¦¶ã
‡ãŠãâ Ìãã¾ããâ ØãñËñâ ý ¶ãã¦ãÀãè •ã㦾ãâ£ãã ¹ããÖËñâ ý ¹ãƽãã¥ã ¶ããñÖñ ýý97ýý ‡ãŠãâ ÞãâªÆãÞãã „ª¾ããñ •ãõÔãã ý
„¹ã¾ããñØãã ¶ãÌãÞãñ Ìãã¾ãÔãã ý ½ãîŒããà ãäÌãÌãñ‡ãìŠ Öã ¦ãõÔãã ý ÀìÞãñË ¶ãã ýý98ýý ¦ãõÔãñ •ãñ ¹ãã©ããà ý ãäÌã½ãìŒã
¾ãã ¹ãÀ½ãã©ããà ý ¦ã¾ããâÔããè Ôãâ¼ããÓã¥ã ÔãÌãéãã ý ‡ãŠÀãÌãñ¶ãã ýý99ýý ½Ö¥ããõãä¶ã ¦ãñ ¶ã ½ãããä¶ã¦ããè ý ‚ãããä¥ã
ãä¶ãâªãÖãè ‡ãŠÀâî ËãØã¦ããè ý ÔããâØãõâ ¹ã¦ãâØã ‡ãŠã¾ã ÔããÖ¦ããè ý ¹ãƇãŠãÎãã¦ãñâ ýý200ýý ¹ã¦ãâØãã ªãè¹ããèâ

Ñããè—ãã¶ãñÎÌãÀãè ‚ã£¾ãã¾ã3À㠇㊽ãþããñØã 11

‚ãããäËâØã¶ã ý ¦ãñ©ã ¦¾ããÔããè ‚ãÞãì‡ãŠ ½ãÀ¥ã ý ¦ãñÌããèâ ãäÌãÓã¾ããÞãÀ¥ã ý ‚ã㦽ãÜãã¦ãã (ÔÌãÀî¹ãã¹ããÔãî¶ã ¹ã¦ã¶ããÔã,
ÔÌã¶ããÎããÔã) ýý1ýý

ÔãªðÎãâ ÞãñÓ›¦ãñ ÔÌãÔ¾ãã: ¹ãƇãðŠ¦ãñ—ããöãÌãã¶ããä¹ã ý ¹ãƇãðŠãä¦ãâ ¾ããã䶦㠼ãî¦ãããä¶ã ãä¶ãØãÆÖ: ãä‡ã⊠‡ãŠãäÀÓ¾ããä¦ã
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½Ö¥ããõãä¶ã ƒâãäªÆ¾ãñâ †‡ãñ⊠ý •ãã¥ã¦ãñãä¶ã ¹ãìÀìŒãñâ ý ËãßãÌããèâ ¶ãã ‡ãŠãõ¦ãì‡ãñ⊠ý ‚ããã䪇ãŠÀì¶ããè ýý2ýý Öãâ Øãã
Ôã¹ãñÃâÔããè Œãñßãñâ ¾ãñƒÃË?ý ‡ãŠãèâ ̾ããÜãÆÔãâÔãØãà ãäÔ㣪ãè •ããƒÃË?ý ÔããâØãõâ ÖãßãÖãß (‡ãŠãˇã ãäÌãÓã)
ãä•ãÀñË ý ÔãñãäÌããä˾ãã ‡ãŠãƒÃ?ýý3ýý ªñŒãõâ Œãñߦããâ ‚ããäضã ËãØãËã ý ½ãØã ¦ããñ ¶ã ÔããâÌãÀñ •ãõÔãã
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Ñããè—ãã¶ãñÎÌãÀãè ‚ã£¾ãã¾ã3À㠇㊽ãþããñØã 12

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‚ã•ãÃì¶ã „ÌããÞã :
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Ñããè—ãã¶ãñÎÌãÀãè ‚ã£¾ãã¾ã3À㠇㊽ãþããñØã 13
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Ñããè—ãã¶ãñÎÌãÀãè ‚ã£¾ãã¾ã3À㠇㊽ãþããñØã 14

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‡ãŠ½ãþããñØããñ ¶ãã½ã ¦ãðãä¦ã¾ããñ磾ãã¾ã: ýý3ýý

Ñããè—ãã¶ãñÎÌãÀãè ‚ã£¾ãã¾ã3À㠇㊽ãþããñØã 15

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ƒãä¦ã Ñããè—ãã¶ãªñÌããäÌãÀãäÞã¦ãã¾ããâ ¼ããÌãã©ãêãèãä¹ã‡ãŠã¾ããâ ¦ãð¦ããè¾ããñ磾ãã¾ã: ýý3ýý

Ñããè—ãã¶ãñÎÌãÀãè ‚ã£¾ãã¾ã3À㠇㊽ãþããñØã 16