APPLE Jose Fernando

APPLE Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 12 pt, Underline,
English (United States)

Apple Computer, Inc., is a US computer technology company founded in 1976 by
Formatted: Centered
Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak. Steve Wozniak (21 years old) and Steve Jobs (16
Formatted: Width: 8.5", Height: 11", Top: (Engrave
years old) met in 1971 when a mutual
3D, Auto, 3 pt Line width), Bottom: (Emboss 3D, Auto,
friend Bill Fernandez introduced them. Woz 3 pt Line width), Left: (Engrave 3D, Auto, 3 pt Line
(as he liked to be called Steve Wozniak) width), Right: (Emboss 3D, Auto, 3 pt Line width)
liked electronics. At age thirteen he Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 12 pt
received a scientific award for building his Formatted: Justified
own subtraction and addition machine.
Formatted: Font: 12 pt, Font color: Auto, English
Wozniak attended an exhibition in San (United States)
Francisco of computers there discovered a
small semiconductor manufacturer that
was selling microprocessors at $ 20. It was
not an Intel chip but the 6205 from MOS
Technology. With this Woz started to
create his own Apple I computer, although it
was not fully assembled. In spite of this he
astonished his friends at the Homebrew Club
(club of computer lovers). It was the
beginning of the year 1976 and Woz and Jobs
considered the idea of starting a business:
Woz sold his HP-65 calculator and Jobs his
VW bus. The original Apple logo was
unimaginative, showing someone under an
apple tree, but the company came out with
the apple, a tribute to Alan Turing, one of the
great gurus of Artificial Intelligence, who committed suicide by biting an apple
poisoned with cyanide . The Apple logo was the rainbow apple, since Turing was
homosexual.Apple Computer, Inc., es una empresa estadounidense de tecnología Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 12 pt, Not Bold,
informática fundada en 1976 por Steve Jobs y Steve Wozniak. English (United States)
Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 12 pt, English (United
Steve Wozniak (21 años) y Steve Jobs (16 años) se conocierón en 1971 cuando un States)
amigo mutuo Bill Fernandez los presento.
Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 12 pt
Woz (como le gustaba que le llamaran a Steve Wozniak) le gustaba la electrónica.
A los trece años recibió un premio cientifico por construir su propia máquina de
States)
restar y sumar.
Wozniak asistió a una exposición en San Francisco de ordenadores allí descubrió Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 12 pt, English (United
una pequeña firma fabricante de semiconductores que estaba vendiendo States)
microprocesadores a $20. No era un chip de Intel pero la 6205 de MOS Technology. Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 12 pt
Con esto Woz empezo a crear su propio ordenador Apple I, aunque no estaba Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 12 pt, English (United
totalmente ensamblado. A pesar de ello asombró a sus amigos en el Homebrew States)
Club (club de amantes de los ordenadores).
Corrían los comienzos del año 1976 y Woz y Jobs consideraban la idea de Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 12 pt, Not Bold,
comenzar una empresa: Woz vendió su calculadora HP-65 y Jobs su ómnibus VW. English (United States)
El logotipo original de Apple era poco imaginativo, mostrando a alguien debajo de Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 12 pt, English (United
un manzano, pero la empresa salió con la manzana, un homenaje a Alan Turing, States)
uno de los grandes gurús de la Inteligencia Artificial, quien se suicidó mordiendo Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 12 pt
una manzana envenenada con cianuro. El logo de Apple fue la manzana arco-iris, Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 12 pt, English (United
ya que Turing era homosexual. States)
In 1976 the company was established in the Jobs garage. The first machine "Apple
I" (the features were limited by the little money available to Woz and Jobs) was sold Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 12 pt, English (United
at $ 666.66 and came to sell 175 units. States)
In mid-1976 Woz was preparing a computer with technical improvements. The

proposal was "Apple II", features: kilogram
weight, keyboard, more elegant design, video
memory to manage the color display,
expansion cards so that users could expand
the capabilities of the computer. The final
model of Apple II was introduced in April 1977,
Apple changed its logo (someone under the
apple tree) by the famous logo of the colored
apple.
In mid-1979 Apple introduced the Apple II +,
an evolution with more memory (48 kb
expandable to 64 Kb) and BASIC language.
Although the sales of Apple II were stronger, it
would be necessary to think about the
successor as soon as possible. Finally in 1980
Apple III went on sale, unfortunately some technical choices, among which was not
incorporate a fan, was the reason why several teams overheated even before being
supplied. Thousands of Apple III had to be replaced. Months later, Apple released a
new version of Apple III (Apple III +) that corrected the problems with the initial
version. But I can not beat the millions he made with Apple II, only 65,000 devices
sold in Apple III.
Despite the failure with Apple III, Apple bet on Lisa, a new generation of computers
that also aimed to attack the business market. Meanwhile Macintosh was a project
started by Jeff Raskin to build a small, economical
and easy-to-use computer for the domestic market.
In mid-1979 Apple introduced the Apple II +, an
evolution with more memory (48 kb expandable to
64 Kb) and BASIC language. Although the sales of
Apple II were stronger, it would be necessary to
think about the successor as soon as possible.
Finally in 1980 Apple III went on sale, unfortunately
some technical choices, among which was not
incorporate a fan, was the reason why several
teams overheated even before being supplied.
Thousands of Apple III had to be replaced. Months later, Apple released a new
version of Apple III (Apple III +) that corrected the problems with the initial version.
But I can not beat the millions he made with Apple II, only 65,000 devices sold in
Apple III. Despite the failure with Apple III, Apple bet on Lisa, a new generation of
computers that also aimed to attack the business market. Meanwhile Macintosh was
a project started by Jeff Raskin to build a small, economical and easy-to-use
computer for the domestic market. On December 12, 1980, Apple entered the stock
market, only some of the employees had shares of the company, which became
millionaires when the shares were sold at 22 dollars a unit. In 1981, however, a plane
crash left Wozniak seriously injured, and when he recovered he did not want to go
back to work, but to enjoy the money earned in previous years. On August 12, the
main threat to Apple's hegemony, the IBM PC, came to market. Although it was not
a very innovative machine, the brand image of IBM gave it a great attraction in the
business sector, so it became a brilliant success.
The Lisa finally came out in early 1983, and became the first personal computer to
use a graphic and mouse interface. Despite the characteristics, Lisa sold badly due
to its high price. That same year and as part of his campaign to find someone to
share with Apple's visible head, Jobsconvenció the then president of Pepsi, John
Sculley, to join Apple with the following question: "Do you prefer to spend the rest of
your life selling sugar water or have the opportunity to change the world? "
After the failure of the Apple Lisa, the company turned to a new project: Macintosh.
The Macintosh 128K was introduced in early 1984.
The initial sale forecasts of half a million units sold until the end of the year seemed
to be able to be fulfilled during the first months of 1984, but little by little sales slowed
down. Many were the reasons, the high price $ 2.495, the excasa RAM memory (128
Kbytes), a single disk drive, and the lack of software.
In 1985, however, serious problems began for the Apple company. Jobs and Sculley
began to have frequent discussions, which ended with the resignation of Jobs in May
of that same year.
In 1993 with a sharp drop in Apple's profitability, Sculley was forced to resign. Being
replaced by Michael 'Diesel' Spindler. Spindler remained until 1996, after his
resignation, Gil Amelio became the CEO. At the end of 1996, Apple kept losses of
billions.
Facing the crisis, Amelio at the end of
1996 had the brilliant idea of bringing
back Steve Jobs who in 1997 became
President of Apple and with this the
arrival of iMac, integrated computer
and monitor and the price of $
1,299.00 dollars.
With the return of Jobs, Apple has
experienced a spectacular
renaissance, not only for the design of
its new range of computers, but also because it has been able to obtain continuous
benefits from the start of the sale of the iMac, something especially valuable in an
era of crisis like the one that the sector has lived in recent years. In early 1999 and
with the strong sales of iMac, Apple shares reached their highest level in many years.
MODELS AND EVOLUTION OF APPLE:

iMac G3: is the only iMac that incorporates a CRT monitor, of this model there are
16 versions (or revisions) that go from the original iMac (with a G3 processor of 233
MHz and an optical CD-ROM unit) to the latest with a processor G3 700 MHz and a
DVD-CDRW drive). The iMac G3 was the first Macintosh to dispense with a floppy
disk drive and include USB ports and the only one to date to be available in a wide
range of colors (except for iBook G3).
En 1976 la empresa estaba establecida en el garage de Jobs. La primera Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 12 pt, English (United
máquina "Apple I" (las características eran limitadas por el poco dinero del que States)
disponián Woz y Jobs) se vendió en 666,66 dólares y llegarón a vender 175 Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 12 pt, Not Bold,
unidades. English (United States)
A mediados de 1976 Woz estuvo preparando una computadora con mejoras States)
técnicas. La propuesta era "Apple II", características: cinto kilogramos de peso,
teclado, diseño mas elegante, memoria de video para administrar la visualización
en color, tarjetas de expansión de modo que los usuarios pudieran ampliar las States)
capacidades del ordenador. El modelo final de Apple II se presentó en abril de 1977,
Apple cambió su logotipo (alguien debajo del manzano) por el famoso logo de la
manzana coloreada. Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 12 pt
A mediados de 1979 Apple presentó el Apple II+, una evolución con más memoria
(48 kb ampliable a 64 Kb) y con lenguaje BASIC.
Aunque las ventas de Apple II eran más fuertes, sería necesario pensar en el
sucesor lo antes posible. Finalmente en1980 salió a la venta Apple III,
desgraciadamente algunas elecciones técnicas, entre las cuales se encontraba no
incorporar un ventilador, fue la razón de que varios equipos se sobrecalentaran
incluso antes de suministrarse. Miles de Apple III debieron sustituirse. Meses más
tarde, Apple lanzó una nueva versión de Apple III (Apple III+) que corregía los
problemas con la versión inicial. Pero no logro vencer los millones que hizo con
Apple II, tan sólo 65,000 equipos vendidos en Apple III.
Pese al fracaso con Apple III, Apple apostaba por Lisa, una nueva generación de
ordenadores que pretendía tambien atacar el mercado empresarial. Mientras tanto
Macintosh era un proyecto iniciado por Jeff Raskin para construir un pequeño
ordenador económico y fácil de usar para el mercado doméstico.
El 12 de diciembre de 1980, Apple entró a la bolsa, sólo algunos de los empleados Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 12 pt, Not Bold
tenían acciones de la empresa, mismos que se convirtieron en millonarios cuando Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 12 pt, Not Bold
las acciones se vendieron en 22 dólares la unidad. Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 12 pt, Not Bold
En 1981, sin embargo, un accidente de avión dejó a Wozniak gravemente herido, y Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 12 pt
cuando se recuperó no quiso volver al trabajo, sino disfrutar del dinero ganado en
los años anteriores.
El 12 de agosto salía al mercado la principal amenaza a la hegemonía de Apple, Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 12 pt
el IBM PC. Pese a que no era una máquina muy innovadora, la imagen de marca Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 12 pt
de IBM le otorgaba un gran atractivo en el sector empresarial, por lo que se convirtió
en un fulgurante éxito.
El Lisa salió finalmente a principios de 1983, y se convirtió en el primer ordenador
personal que utilizara un interfaz gráfico y ratón. A pesar de las características, Lisa
se vendió mal debido a su elevado precio.
Ese mismo año y como parte de su campaña para buscar alguien con quien
compartir de cabeza visible de Apple, Jobsconvenció al entonces presidente de Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 12 pt
Pepsi, John Sculley, para que se uniera a Apple con la siguiente pregunta:"¿Prefiere Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 12 pt
pasar el resto de su vida vendiendo agua azucarada o tener la oportunidad de
cambiar el mundo?"
El ordenador Macintosh fue presentado el 24 de enero de 1984. Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 12 pt, Not Bold
Las previsiones de venta iniciales de medio millón de unidades vendidas hasta fin Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 12 pt
de año parecían que podrían cumplirse durante los primeros meses de 1984, pero Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 12 pt
poco a poco las ventas se fueron enlenteciendo. Muchos fuerón los motivos, el alto
precio $2.495, la excasa memoria RAM (128 Kbytes), una única unidad de disco, y
la falta de software. Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 12 pt, Not Bold
En 1985, sin embargo, empezaron los serios problemas para la compañía
Apple. Jobs y Sculley comenzaron a tener frecuentes discusiones, que acabaron Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 12 pt
con la dimisión de Jobs en mayo de ese mismo año. Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 12 pt
En 1993 con una fuerte caída en la rentabilidad de Apple, Sculley se vio obligado a Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 12 pt
renunciar. Siendo reemplazado porMichael 'Diesel' Spindler. Spindler se mantuvo Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 12 pt
hasta 1996, luego de su renuncia, Gil Amelio pasó a ser el CEO. A fines de 1996
Apple mantenía pérdidas de miles de millones.
Enfrentando la crisis, Amelio a finales de 1996 tuvo la brillante idea de traer de nuevo
a Steve Jobs quien en 1997 se convirtió en Presidente de Apple y con este la llegada Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 12 pt
de iMac, ordenador y monitor integrados y el precio de $1,299.00dólares. Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 12 pt
Con la vuelta de Jobs, Apple ha vivido un renacimiento espectacular, no sólo por el Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 12 pt
diseño de su nueva gama de computadoras, sino también porque ha sido capaz de Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 12 pt
obtener beneficios contínuos desde la salida a la venta del iMac, algo especialmente
valorable en una época de crisis como la que ha vivido el sector en los últimos años.
En principio de 1999 y con las fuertes ventas de iMac, las acciones de Apple
llegarón a su nivel más alto en muchos años.
MODELOS Y EVOLUCIÓN DE APPLE:
iMac: ordenador la integración del monitor a la PC, además de otros detalles
como la ausencia de disquetera y presencia de puertos USB y Firewire.
iMac G3: es el único iMac que incorpora un monitor CRT, de este modelo existen
16 versiones (o revisiones) que van desde el iMac original (con procesador G3 de
233 MHz y una unidad óptica de CD-ROM) hasta la última con procesador G3 de
700 MHz y una unidad de DVD-CDRW). El iMac G3 fue el primer Macintosh en
prescindir de disquetera e incluir puertos USB y el único hasta la fecha en estar
disponible en una amplia gama de colores, (excepción de iBook G3).
iMac G4: it was one of the first computers to include as an option a DVD recorder
unit, it was also a pioneer in the incorporation of an LCD screen, the CPU was
integrated in its base with a hemispherical base. The iMac G4 was available with
LCD monitors from 15 "to 20", with G4 processors from 700 MHz to 1250 MHz in its
latest version.
iMac G4: fue uno de los primeros ordenadores en incluir como opción una unidad
grabadora de DVD, también fue pionero en la incorporación de una pantalla de
LCD, la CPU estaba integrada en su base con forma de peana semiesférica.El
iMac G4 estuvo disponible con monitores de LCD desde 15" hasta 20", con
procesadores G4 desde 700 MHz hasta 1250 MHz en su última versión.
Apple and music:

After its interesting models of laptops and desks, Apple surprised again when it was
introduced to the world of music.
With iTunes, your online store to download legal music for $ 0.99 per song along
with the iPod combination, Apple is making more money than any other company in
the digital music industry.
iTunes: Computer program created to play, organize and buy music. It is compatible
with computers with Mac OS X, Windows 2000 or Windows XP.
iTunes is a system based on SoundJam MP, a popular MP3 application, created by
the company Casady & Greene. Apple bought the rights to SoundJam MP and soon
released the first version of iTunes, which was very similar to SoundJam MP. For
the vast majority, iTunes has clearly surpassed all other Macintosh MP3 players, as
well as Windows. iPod: is a digital music player with hard disk or flash memory,
created by Apple Computer. It can play MP3, WAV, AAC / M4A, AIFF and Apple
Lossless files. The capacity of the hard disk is up to 60 GB (up to 15,000 songs,
25,000 photos, 150 hours of video and support for Podcasting in the Model 5G).
Power Mac G5: Ordenador con procesador G5 a 1.8 Ghz o dos procesadores G5
a 2.0, 2.3 o 2.7 Ghz, cada procesador tiene 2 vías de 32 bits y se le añade hasta 8
gigabytes de memoría RAM. Soporta hasta 216 instrucciones al mismo tiempo.
Apple Y LA MÚSICA:
Luego de sus interesantes modelos de computadoras portátiles y de escritorios,
Apple sorprendió nuevamente cuando se introdujo al mundo de la música.
Con iTunes, su tienda en línea para descargar música legal por $0.99 por canción
junto a la combinación del iPod, Apple está haciendo más dinero que cualquier otra
empresa en la industria de la música digital.
iTunes: Programa de ordenador creado para reproducir, organizar y comprar
música. Es compatible con ordenadores con Mac OS X, Windows 2000 o Windows
XP.
iTunes es un sistema basado en SoundJam MP, una popular aplicación de MP3, Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 12 pt
creada por la compañía Casady & Greene. Apple compró los derechos de Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 12 pt
SoundJam MP y pronto estrenó la primera versión de iTunes, que era muy similar a
SoundJam MP. Para la gran mayoría, iTunes ha sobrepasado claramente a todos
los otros reproductores deMP3 de Macintosh, y también a los de Windows. Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 12 pt
iPod: es un reproductor de música digital con disco duro o memoria flash, creado
por Apple Computer. Puede reproducir archivos MP3, WAV, AAC/M4A, AIFF y Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 12 pt
Apple Lossless. La capacidad del disco duro es de hasta 60 GB (hasta 15.000 Formatted: Centered
canciones, 25.000 fotos, 150 horas de vídeo y soporte para Podcasting en el Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 12 pt
Modelo 5G).
At the end of June 2005, Apple Computer integrated the original iPod with the iPod
photo. Now all white models have a color screen and the ability to store and play
music and photographs. Currently there are two models, with capacities of 20 GB
and 60 GB. The iPod U2 has also been updated with a color screen. On October 12,
2005 Apple Computer released the iPod 5G, which features a 2.5-inch color screen,
capable of displaying album covers and photographs, as well as reproducing images
of music videos, video podcasts, home movies and TV shows.
Apple will launch next June 29, 2007 the iPhone, mobile phone that includes a music
player. The sophisticated device, which combines mobile phone, multimedia player
and mobile navigation device, will be priced between 499 and 599 dollars depending
on their configuration and equipment. The launch of the iPhone was announced by
Apple's CEO, Steve Jobs, last January. The App Store App Store: Apple started
letting third-party developers design applications for the iPhone and iPod Tunes in
2008, opening an online store, App Store, which now has more than 15,000 fun and
functional mini-programs.
States)
Formatted: Centered

States)
States)
A finales de junio de 2005 Apple Computer
integró el iPod original con el iPod photo. Ahora todos los modelos blancos tienen States)
pantalla a color y capacidad para almacenar y reproducir música y fotografías. Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 12 pt, Not Bold,
Actualmente hay dos modelos, con capacidades de 20 GB y 60 GB. El iPod U2 English (United States)
también se ha actualizado con pantalla a color. Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 12 pt
El 12 de octubre del 2005 Apple Computer sacó el iPod 5G, que presenta una Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 12 pt, English (United
pantalla en color de 2,5 pulgadas, capaz de mostrar portadas de álbumes y States)
fotografías, así como de reproducir imágenes de vídeos musicales, podcasts en Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 12 pt
vídeo, películas domésticas y programas de televisión. Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 12 pt, English (United
States)
Apple lanzará el próximo 29 de junio del 2007 el iPhone, teléfono móvil que incluye
un reproductor de música. States)
El sofisticado aparato, que combina teléfono móvil, reproductor multimedia y
Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 12 pt, Not Bold,
dispositivo móvil de navegación, tendrá un precio situado entre 499 y 599 dólares English (United States)
en función de su configuración y equipamiento.
El lanzamiento de iPhone fue anunciado por el presidente de Apple, Steve Jobs, el Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 12 pt, English (United
pasado mes de enero. States)
La Tienda de Aplicaciones App Store: Apple comenzó a dejar que los English (United States)
desarrolladores externos diseñaran aplicaciones para el iPhone y el iPod Tunes en
2008, abriendo una tienda en línea, App Store, que ahora tiene más de 15,000 States)
miniprogramas divertidos y funcionales.
The iPad: Apple announced the arrival of the "post personal computer era" in April English (United States)
2010 with the launch of the iPad table, which is about the size of a sheet of paper. Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 12 pt, English (United
States)
9Steve Jobs died at his home in California on October 5, 2011, at age 56, as a result
of a respiratory arrest derived from pancreatic cancer metastasis, after seven years Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 12 pt, Not Bold,
English (United States)
of public battle against cancer. Apple dismissed its founder with the following note:
"Apple has lost a visionary and creative genius, and the world has lost a wonderful Formatted ...
human being." Those of us who have had the good fortune to meet him and work Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 12 pt
with Steve, have lost a great friend. , mentor and inspirer Steve has left a company Formatted ...
that only he could create, but his spirit will always live in Apple. " In the image flowers Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 12 pt
in memory of Jobs in the Sydney Apple store a day after his death.
Formatted ...
Formatted: Centered
States)
El iPad: Apple
anunció la llegada de la "era post ordenador personal" en abril de 2010 con el Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 12 pt
lanzamiento de la tabla iPad, que tiene más o menos el tamaño de una hoja de Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 12 pt, English (United
papel. States)
El 5 de octubre de 2011 muere Steve Jobs como consecuencia de un cáncer de Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 12 pt
páncreas. Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 12 pt
El mundo se estremece por el fallecimiento de uno de los hombres, de los genios, Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 12 pt
clave de la humanidad.
My Bibliography
My name is Jose Fernando Parra Villarroel,
I was born the first of December 1999, I´m
form La Paz Bolivia, I´m 18 years old, my
father his name is Emilio Parra, my mother
her name is Isabel Villarroel, I was in the
school Ingavi ASCINALSS, I like to draw
and read, my hobby is play the guitar,
swimming and singing.
I am study system engineer because I like
the computers
and what you can achieve to do with them.
I chose to apple, because I called attention to the life of Steve Jobs and their way of
thinking.

APPLE Jose Fernando

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APPLE Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 12 pt, Underline,

English (United States)

In mid-1976 Woz was preparing a computer with technical improvements. The

MODELS AND EVOLUTION OF APPLE:

Apple and music:

Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 12 pt

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