“LOCAL AND INTERNATIONAL

NATURAL DISASTERS”
(2008-2018)
Name: Rhobinson V. Elizaga Ang
Course&Section: BSIT-1A
CWTS Section: AETA
 “TYPHOON YOLANDA”
Formed: November 3, 2013
Dissipated: November 11, 2013
Typhoon Haiyan, known as Super Typhoon Yolanda in the Philippines, was one of the strongest tropical
cyclones ever recorded. On making landfall, Haiyan devastated portions of Southeast Asia, particularly
the Philippines. It is the deadliest Philippine typhoon on record, killing at least 6,300 people in that
country alone. In terms of JTWC-estimated 1-minute sustained winds, Haiyan is tied with Meranti for
being the strongest landfalling tropical cyclone on record. In January 2014, bodies were still being found.
Shortly before Typhoon Haiyan entered the Philippine Area of Responsibility on November 6, PAGASA
raised Public Storm Warning Signal (PSWS) No.1, the lowest of four levels, for much of the Visayas
and Mindanao. As the storm continued to approach the country, warnings expanded into Luzon and
increased in severity for eastern areas. By the evening of November 7, PSWS No. 4, the highest level of
warning which indicates winds in excess of 185 km/h (115 mph) are expected, was raised for Biliran
Island, Eastern Samar, Leyte, Northern Cebu, Metro Cebu, Samar, and Southern Leyte. Through
November 8, the coverage of PSWS No. 4 continued to expand, with areas in southern Luzon being
included.
 “TYPHOON PABLO”
Formed: November 25, 2012
Dissipated: December 9, 2012
Typhoon Bopha, known locally in the Philippines as Typhoon Pablo, was the strongest known tropical
cyclone to ever hit the southern Philippine island of Mindanao, making landfall as a Category 5 super
typhoon with winds of 175 mph (280 km/h).the strongest tropical cyclone to hit the Philippines in 2012,
made landfall over Mindanao on December 4, destroying homes, cutting power and forcing the
cancellation of flights and ferry services. There was only one confirmed death at that moment, but local
media said people were injured by flying debris and falling trees. when it struck the island nation,
bringing torrential rains that flattened entire villages, leaving thousands homeless, as well as washing out
roads and bridges needed by rescue personnel trying to reach stricken regions. The storm caused
widespread destruction on Mindanao, leaving thousands of people homeless and killed 1901 people.
 “2006 SOUTHERN LEYTE MUDSLIDE”
Date: February 17, 2006
Rescue teams including military personnel proceeded to the affected areas. However, relief efforts were
hampered by rain, chest-deep mud, roads blocked by boulders, washed-out bridges, and lack of heavy
equipment. A minor earthquake in the morning of February 17 also affected the relief operation as the
ground remained unstable.Philippine President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo gave an address on television
stating that "help is on the way". Navy and coast guard ships were dispatched to the coastal area.On
February 17, Philippine National Red Cross chairman Richard J. Gordon who was then in Geneva
attending a board meeting of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement appealed for
international assistance. He raised US $1.5 million to help the victims of the mudslides. The funds were
used to purchase tents, blankets, cooking utensils, mosquito nets, temporary shelter materials, hygiene
articles, water purification tablets and medicines. US $152,000 was released to provide initial assistance.
A relief plane was flown into the region carrying emergency trauma kits, rubber boots, ropes, clothing,
flashlights and medicine. Three Philippines National Red Cross teams with search and rescue dogs were
at the site to provide assistance, with others joining soon afterward.
 “TYPHOON SENDONG”
Formed: December 13, 2011
Dissipated: December 19, 2011
Severe Tropical Storm Washi, known in the Philippines as Tropical Storm Sendong, was a late-season
tropical cyclone that caused catastrophic damage in the Philippines in late 2011. Washi, which means
Aquila in Japanese, made landfall over Mindanao, a major island in the Philippines, on December 16.
Washi weakened slightly after passing Mindanao, but regained strength in the Sulu Sea, and made
landfall again over Palawan on December 17.Starting in tributaries and later reaching the main
Cagayan de Oro, Iponan, and Mandulog rivers, flash flooding manifested at a dramatic pace. In some
locations, flood waters rose by 3.3 m (11 ft) in less than an hour. Alongside the effects from rainfall,
high tide at Macajalar Bay further enhanced the flood event and allowed water to inundate areas that
would have otherwise safe at low tide. The rivers crested at 7 to 9 m (23 to 30 ft), amounting to a 75-
year flood event in some areas, with catastrophic results. This was also far higher than the previous
flood event following Tropical Depression Auring in January 2009.
 “TYPHOON FRANK”
Formed: December 13, 2011
Dissipated: December 19, 2011
Typhoon Fengshen, known in the Philippines as Typhoon Frank, was the sixth named storm and the
fourth typhoon recognised by the Japan Meteorological Agency. The Joint Typhoon Warning Center
recognised Fengshen as the seventh tropical depression, the sixth tropical storm, and fifth typhoon of
the 2008 Pacific typhoon season.Fengshen made a direct hit on the Philippines and China, causing severe
damage and resulted in at least 1371 deaths and leaving 87 people missing. Most of the deaths occurred
in the Philippines, including 846 of the 922 people on board the Princess of the Starswho were killed
when the ship capsized.From June 20 to June 23, in response to Typhoon Fengshen (Frank) threatening
the Philippines, PAGASA at various times issued Public Storm Warning Signal #3 for various parts of
Luzon and Visayas as well as Storm Warning Signals 1 & 2 for some parts of Mindanao (specially around
the Surigao area). At least 598 people were killed by the typhoon as it dropped torrential rain that caused
flooding and mudslides in the Philippines, which means that it could be one of the top ten deadliest
tropical cyclones in the Philippines. In Iloilo province, 59 are reported killed and 40 missing. In Iloilo
City, 30,000 people were forced onto rooftops when a nearby reservoir burst. In the Bicol Region, more
than 200,000 people sought temporary shelter from the typhoon.
 “2013 BOHOL EARTHQUAKE”
Located Date: October 15, 2013
The 2013 Bohol earthquake occurred on October 15 at 8:12:31 PST in Bohol, an island province located
in Central Visayas, Philippines. The magnitude of the earthquake was recorded at Mw 7.2, with epicenter
6 kilometres (3.7 mi) S 24° W of Sagbayan, and its depth of focus was 12 kilometres (7.5 mi). It affected
the whole Central Visayas region, particularly Bohol and Cebu. The quake was felt in the whole Visayas
area and as far as Masbate island in the north and Cotabato provinces in southern Mindanao. According
to official reports by the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC), 222
were reported dead, 8 were missing, and 976 people were injured. In all, more than 73,000 structures
were damaged, of which more than 14,500 were totally destroyed. It was the deadliest earthquake in the
Philippines in 23 years since the 1990 Luzon earthquake. The energy released by the quake was
equivalent to 32 Hiroshima bombs. Previously, Bohol was also hit by an earthquake on 8 February 1990
that damaged several buildings and caused a tsunami. On November 7, just 3 weeks after the quake,
Super Typhoon Haiyan (Yolanda) struck the region. Although the storm's eye missed the area affected
by the earthquake, it sent some 40,000 Boholanos still living in temporary shelters back to evacuation
centers and disrupted relief efforts in the province.
 “MAYON VOLCANO ERUPTION”
Located Date: January 13, 2018
On January 13, 2018, at 4:21 PM, a phreatic eruption occurred that propelled a grayish steam and ash
plume approximately 2500 meters high that drifted to the southwest side of the volcano. The activity
lasted approximately 1 hour and 47 minutes and traces of ash fell in Barangay Anoling, Daraga,
Barangays Sua, Quirangay, Tumpa, Ilawod and Salugan of Camalig and in Barangays Tandarora,
Maninila, and Travesia in Guinobatan. Sulfuric odor was noted by residents of Camalig town proper.
Rumbling sounds were also heard by residents of Brgy. Anoling, Daraga and rockfall events were
intermittently recorded. Faint crater glow was first observed at 10:16 PM. The event prompted
PHIVOLCS-DOST to raise the Alert Level of Mayon Volcano from Alert Level 1 (abnormal) to Alert
Level 2 (increasing unrest). About 40,000 residents were displaced in the resulting evacuation.
 “TYPHOON OMPONG”
Formed: October 2, 2014
Dissipated: October 18, 2014
Vongfong was also known as Ompong in the Philippines. The typhoon affected the country by affecting
the Intertropical Convergence Zone, bringing flash floods in parts of Visayas and Mindanao. Luzon also
experiences northeasterly winds from Ompong. PAGASA had warned rough sea conditions in the
seaboards of most eastern parts of the archipelago, as the typhoon reached its peak strength. According
to the NDRRMC, the death toll had risen to 4, due to heavy flooding as of October 15. Damages were
estimated at PhP 62.6 million ($1.4 million USD).
 “TYPHOON MARIO”
Formed: September 17, 2014
Dissipated: September 25, 2014
Fung-wong enhanced the southwest monsoon which triggered severe flooding across the Visayas region.
In Cebu, Governor Hilario P. Davide III cancelled classes in all levels on September 18 due to severe
rainfall.Severe flooding also occurred in many places of Luzon. On September 19, the Malacañang
Palace declared a wide suspension of classes in all levels in the cities of Metro Manila including the
provinces of Region III and Region IV-A. In the afternoon of that day, the palace then followed suit,
declaring the suspension of government work and offices in Metro Manila, and some provinces in Bicol
Region, Central Luzon and Southern Luzon. On the same day, PAGASA issued the red rainfall warning
advisory in Metro Manila and the provinces
of Bataan, Rizal, Zambales, Bulacan, Batangas, Cavite and Lagunawhich stated that torrential rainfall
was expected in the next three hours. Yellow and Orange advisories were also issued in the provinces of
Central Luzon, Region 4-B, Bicol Region and Region VI. The agency also reported that 268 mm of rain
was recorded in the science garden in Quezon City between 2 a.m. and 8 a.m. on the same day.
 “2015 KENTEX FACTORY FIRE”
Located Date: May 13,2015
Kentex is a small manufacturer of flip flops and other rubber shoes located in Valenzuela City, a northern
workers retreated to the second floor and attempted to call relatives for help. It took five hours for the
fire department to get the blaze under control. The fire left the building unstable, causing a delay in the
retrieval of the dead while engineers secured the building.suburb of Manila, Philippines.It is one of many
similar businesses serving the local market in a poor area of town.On May 13, 2015, a fire broke out
when welding sparks ignited chemicals being stored near the entrance of the Kentex Manufacturing
factory.It is possible, although unconfirmed, that the weld was being performed on the doors of one of
the main entrances to the building.Thick, black smoke engulfed the building as rubber and chemicals
burned. The fire spread quickly and few people escaped. Unable to leave, trapped
 “EARTHQUAKE IN JAPAN 2011”
Located Date: March 11,2011
The 2011 earthquake off the Pacific coast of Tōhoku was a magnitude9.0–9.1
(Mw) undersea megathrust earthquake off the coast of Japan that occurred at 14:46 JST (05:46 UTC) on
Friday 11 March 2011, with the epicentre approximately 70 kilometres (43 mi) east of the Oshika
Peninsula of Tōhoku and the hypocenter at an underwater depth of approximately 29 km (18 mi). The
tsunami caused nuclear accidents, primarily the level 7 meltdowns at three reactors in the Fukushima
Daiichi Nuclear Power Plantcomplex, and the associated evacuation zones affecting hundreds of
thousands of residents. Many electrical generators were taken down, and at least three nuclear
reactors suffered explosions due to hydrogen gas that had built up within their outer containment
buildings after cooling system failure resulting from the loss of electrical power. Residents within a
20 km (12 mi) radius of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant and a 10 km (6.2 mi) radius of
the Fukushima Daini Nuclear Power Plant were evacuated
 “2008 SICHUAN EARTHQUAKE”
Located Date: March 12,2008
The 2008 Sichuan earthquake (Chinese: 汶川大地震; pinyin: Wènchuān dà dìzhèn; literally:
"Great Wenchuan earthquake"), also known as the Great Sichuan earthquake or Wenchuan earthquake,
occurred at 14:28:01 China Standard Time on May 12, 2008. Measuring at 8.0 Ms (7.9 Mw), the
earthquake's epicenter was located 80 kilometres (50 mi) west-northwest of Chengdu, the provincial
capital, with a focal depth of 19 km (12 mi). The earthquake ruptured the fault for over 240 km, with
surface displacements of several meters. The earthquake was also felt in nearby countries and as far away
as both Beijing and Shanghai—1,500 km (930 mi) and 1,700 km (1,060 mi) away—where office
buildings swayed with the tremor. Strong aftershocks, some exceeding 6 Ms, continued to hit the area up
to several months after the main shock, causing further casualties and damage. The earthquake also
caused the largest number of geohazards ever recorded, including about 200,000 landslides and more
than 800 quake lakesdistributed over an area of 110,000 km2.
 “2015 NEPAL EARTHQUAKE”
Located Date: May 12,2015
The April 2015 Nepal earthquake (also known as the Gorkha earthquake) killed nearly 9,000 people and
injured nearly 22,000. It occurred at 11:56 Nepal Standard Time on 25 April, with a magnitude of 7.8Mw
or 8.1Ms and a maximum Mercalli Intensity of VIII (Severe). Its epicenter was east of Gorkha District at
Barpak, Gorkha, and its hypocenter was at a depth of approximately 8.2 km (5.1 mi). It was the worst
natural disaster to strike Nepal since the 1934 Nepal–Bihar earthquake. The ground motion recorded in
the capital of Nepal was of low frequency which, along with its occurrence at an hour where many people
in rural areas were working outdoors, decreased the loss of property and human lives.
 “2010 HAITI EARTHQUAKE”
Located Date: May 12,2015
The 2010 Haiti earthquake was a catastrophic magnitude 7.0 Mw earthquake, with an epicenter near the
town of Léogâne (Ouest), approximately 25 kilometres (16 mi) west of Port-au-Prince, Haiti's capital.
The earthquake occurred at 16:53 local time (21:53 UTC) on Tuesday, 12 January 2010. By 24 January,
at least 52 aftershocks measuring 4.5 or greater had been recorded. An estimated three million people
were affected by the quake. Death toll estimates range from 100,000 to about 160,000 to Haitian
government figures from 220,000 to 316,000; these have been widely characterized as deliberately
inflated by the Haitian government.The government of Haiti estimated that 250,000 residences and
30,000 commercial buildings had collapsed or were severely damaged. The nation's history of national
debt, prejudicial trade policies by other countries, and foreign intervention into national affairs,
contributed to the existing poverty and poor housing conditions that increased the death toll from the
disaster.
 “TYPHOON MARIA”
Formed: September 16, 2017
Dissipated: October 2, 2017
Hurricane Maria is regarded as being the worst natural disaster on record to affect Dominica and Puerto
Rico. The tenth-most intense Atlantic hurricane on record and the most intense tropical cyclone
worldwide of 2017, Maria was the thirteenth named storm, eighth consecutive hurricane, fourth major
hurricane, second Category 5 hurricane, and the deadliest storm of the hyperactive 2017 Atlantic
hurricane season. At its peak, the hurricane caused catastrophic damage and numerous fatalities across
the northeastern Caribbean, compounding recovery efforts in the areas of the Leeward Islands already
struck by Hurricane Irma. Maria was the third consecutive major hurricane to threaten the Leeward
Islands in two weeks, after Irma had made landfall in several of the islands two weeks prior and Hurricane
Jose passed dangerously close shortly afterward, bringing tropical storm force winds to Barbuda.
 “2017 DR CONGO LANDSLIDE”
Located Date: May 12,2015
Heavy rainfall impacted the Ituri province in the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DR Congo) on
the night of 15 August 2017. West African countries, including the DR Congo, are susceptible to
devastating landslides as a growing demand for residential properties force communities to crowd
hillsides. Large scale deforestation, occurring in regions throughout the country, incurs significant
adverse soil erosion, heightening the threat of slope failure.A mountainside situated on the western banks
of Lake Albert collapsed on 16 August, triggering a landslide which impacted the fishing village of Tora.
Initial estimates reported about 40 people were killed by the distaster with as many as 200 others missing.
The following day, the province's deputy governor Pacifique Keta announced the death toll had risen to
200 and 50 properties were completely submerged. Four other victims were treated for injuries at
Tshomia Hospital.Deputy governor Keta declared a state of emergency and appealed to the international
community for support with relief efforts. Following the landslide in Tora, search and rescue teams from
the Red Cross of the DR Congo recovered 44 bodies from the disaster area in the first day. Persistent
rainfall disrupted recovery missions, as did the region's topography. The United Nations (UN) sent a
humanitarian team to evacuate survivors and assess the damage.
 “2011 CHRISTCHURCH EARTHQUAKE”
Located Date: February 22,2011
Christchurch's central city and eastern suburbs were badly affected, with damage to buildings and
infrastructure already weakened by the magnitude 7.1 Canterbury earthquake of 4 September 2010 and
its aftershocks. Significant liquefaction affected the eastern suburbs, producing around 400,000 tonnes
of silt. The earthquake was felt across the South Island and parts of the lower and central North Island.
While the initial quake only lasted for approximately 10 seconds, the damage was severe because of the
location and shallowness of the earthquake's focus in relation to Christchurch as well as previous quake
damage. Subsequent population loss saw the Christchurch main urban area fall behind
the Wellington equivalent to decrease from second to third most populous area in New Zealand.
 “CYCLONE NARGIS”
Formed: April 16, 2008
Dissipated: May 3, 2008
Nargis is the deadliest named cyclone in the North Indian Ocean Basin, as well as the second-deadliest
named cyclone of all time, behind Typhoon Nina of 1975. Including unnamed storms like the 1970 Bhola
cyclone, Nargis is the eighth-deadliest cyclone of all time, but an uncertainty between the deaths caused
by Nargis and those caused by other cyclones (like the 1991 Bangladesh cyclone), could put Nargis as
seventh-deadliest or higher, because the exact death toll is uncertain. Nargis was the first tropical cyclone
to strike the country since Cyclone Mala made landfall in 2006, which was slightly stronger, but had a
significantly lower impact. According to reports, Indian authorities had warned Myanmar about the
danger that Cyclone Nargis posed 48 hours before it hit the country's coast.
 “HURRICANE EARL”
Formed: August 2, 2016
Dissipated: August 6, 2016
Hurricane Earl (pronounced [uɾaˈkan eˈaɾl]) was the deadliest Atlantic hurricane to
impact Mexico since Hurricane Stan in 2005. The fifth named storm and second hurricane of the 2016
Atlantic hurricane season, Earl formed from a tropical wave south of Jamaica on August 2. The precursor
to Earl brought torrential rainfall and flooding to the Lesser Antilles. Upon classification, the storm
moved westward through the Caribbean Sea, brushing the north coast of Honduras. Earl strengthened
into an 85 mph (140 km/h) hurricane before making landfall on Belize on August 4. It weakened while
moving across the Yucatán Peninsula, but reintensified in the Bay of Campeche and followed the
coastline. On August 6, Earl dissipated after moving ashore Veracruz.
Prior to Earl becoming a tropical cyclone, 13 people died in storm-related incidents across the Dominican
Republic. Striking Belize as a Category 1, the hurricane caused extensive damage; losses to agriculture
exceeded US$100 million. Heavy rain in Mexico triggered many landslides, several of which proved
fatal in the states of Puebla, Hidalgo, and Veracruz; at least 81 people died in the country. Lesser effects
were felt in neighboring countries in Central America
 “2014 LUDIAN EARTHQUAKE”
Located Date: August 3,2014
The 2014 Ludian earthquake struck Ludian County, Yunnan, China, with a moment magnitude of 6.1 on 3
August. The earthquake killed at least 617 people, injuring at least 2,400 others. As of 5 August 2014, 112 people
remain missing. Over 12,000 houses collapsed and 30,000 were damaged. According to the United States Geological
Survey, the earthquake occurred 29 km (18 mi) WSW of Zhaotong city at 16:03 local time (08:03 UTC).
 TABLE OF CONTENT
1. TYPHOON YOLANDA
2. TYPHOON PABLO
3. 2006 SOUTHERN LEYTE MUDSLIDE
4. TYPHOON SENDONG
5. TYPHOON FRANK
6. 2013 BOHOL EARTHQUAKE
7. MAYON VOLCANO ERUPTION
8. TYPHOON OMPONG
9. TYPHOON MARIO
10. 2015 KENTEX FACTORY FIRE
11. EARTHQUAKE IN JAPAN 2011
12. 2008 SICHUAN EARTHQUAKE
13. 2015 NEPAL EARTQUAKE
14. 2010 HAITI EARTHQUAKE
15. TYPHOON MARIA
16. 2016 DR CONGO LANDSLIDE
17.2011 CHRISTCHURCH EARTQUAKE
18. CYCLONE NARGIS
19. HURRICANE EARL
10. 2014 LUDIAN EARTHQUAKE