Form 4: Additional Mathematics Edu Ace Tuition Centre

Hokkien Building, Level 3, Jalan Yahya Awal

Chapter 6: Coordinate Geometry Contact: 013 – 459 2445 (Mr. Sharvinder)

FORM 4

CHAPTER: COORDINATE GEOMETRY

6.1: The Distance between Two Points

Formula:

Example 1: Find the distance between each of the following pairs of points.

a) A(2,4) , B(5, -3) b) C(1,6) , D(2, -1) c) E(-1,1) , F(3, -2)

Example 2: Find the possible values of k for each pair of points and the distance given:

a) P(3,-2) , Q(1,h), PQ = √53 units b) P(h,-3) , Q(-2,1), PQ = √32 units

c) P(2,-1) , Q(h,2), PQ = √10 units d) P(7,h) , Q(h,3), PQ = √8 units

Form 4: Additional Mathematics Edu Ace Tuition Centre
Hokkien Building, Level 3, Jalan Yahya Awal
Chapter 6: Coordinate Geometry Contact: 013 – 459 2445 (Mr. Sharvinder)

6.2: Division of a Line Segment

Important Notes:

Example 3: Find the midpoint of each of the following pairs of points.

a) J(1,3) , K(5, -1) b) L(5,3) , M(7, 1) c) N(1,4) , P(7, 2)

Example 4: Find the values of p and q of each of the following

a) M(4,6) is the midpoint of the straight line b) M(p,2) is the midpoint of the straight line
joining A(p,-6) and B(5,q) joining E(-2,-5) and B(4,q)

c) M(3,6) is the midpoint of the straight line d) M(-4,q) is the midpoint of the straight line
joining G(p,-3) and H(-1,q) joining K(1,-3) and L(p,5)
Form 4: Additional Mathematics Edu Ace Tuition Centre
Hokkien Building, Level 3, Jalan Yahya Awal
Chapter 6: Coordinate Geometry Contact: 013 – 459 2445 (Mr. Sharvinder)

Example 5: Solve each of the following:

a) Given that P(-2,5), Q and R(7,2) are b) Given that P(-3,-9), Q and R(4,5) are
collinear such that PQ:QR = 1:2. Find the collinear such that PQ:PR = 2:7. Find the
coordinates of Q coordinates of Q

c) Given that P(2,-1), Q and R(5,8) are d) Given that P(-5,4), Q and R(5,-1) are
collinear such that PQ:QR = 2:1. Find the collinear such that PQ:PR = 2:5. Find the
coordinates of Q coordinates of Q

e) Given the points P(-2,2) and Q(7,8). Point R f) The coordinates of P and Q are (2,-3) and
lies on the straight line PQ such that (6,5) respectively. If point R divides PQ in
2PR=RQ. Find the coordinates of point R. the ration of 1:3, find the coordinates of
point R.
Form 4: Additional Mathematics Edu Ace Tuition Centre
Hokkien Building, Level 3, Jalan Yahya Awal
Chapter 6: Coordinate Geometry Contact: 013 – 459 2445 (Mr. Sharvinder)

Example 6: Solve each of the problems.

a) Given that F(p,4), G(1,7) and H(6,q) are b) Given that F(p,6), G(2,3) and H(7,q) are
collinear such that FG:GH = 3:5. Find the collinear such that FG:FH = 1:3. Find the
values of p and q. values of p and q.

c) Given that F(1,-3), G(3,1) and H(6,7) are d) Given that F(-1,p), G(1,2) and H(5,14) are
collinear such that FG:GH = m:n. Find the collinear such that FG:GH = m:n. Find the
ratio m:n ratio m:n and value of p.
Form 4: Additional Mathematics Edu Ace Tuition Centre
Hokkien Building, Level 3, Jalan Yahya Awal
Chapter 6: Coordinate Geometry Contact: 013 – 459 2445 (Mr. Sharvinder)

6.3: Area of Polygons

Important Notes:

Example 7: Find the area of each of the following triangles and quadrilateral with the given vertices

a) D(2,3) , E(5,4) , F(3, -6) b) D(0,1) , E(2,3) , F(4,-1)

c) D(-2,0) , E(-1,3) , F(4,-2) d) D(1,3) , E(3,-1) , F(2,1)

e) D(-1,2) , E(6,3) , F(3,2) , G(1,-4) f) D(-2,1) , E(5,4) , F(4,-1) , G(2,-3)

Form 4: Additional Mathematics Edu Ace Tuition Centre
Hokkien Building, Level 3, Jalan Yahya Awal
Chapter 6: Coordinate Geometry Contact: 013 – 459 2445 (Mr. Sharvinder)

6.4: Equation of a Straight Line

Important Notes:

Example 8: Find the gradient, m, of a straight line that passes through the two given points:

a) P(3,1) and Q(9,4) b) P(-2,-3) and Q(8,-5) c) P(-2,3) and Q(1,9)

d) y-intercept = -6 e) y-intercept = 8 f) y-intercept = -9

x-intercept = 4 x-intercept = 12 x-intercept = 3

Example 9: Find the value of p for each of the following:

a) Gradient = 2 6 c) Gradient = 2
b) Gradient = − 5
Form 4: Additional Mathematics Edu Ace Tuition Centre
Hokkien Building, Level 3, Jalan Yahya Awal
Chapter 6: Coordinate Geometry Contact: 013 – 459 2445 (Mr. Sharvinder)

Types of equation of straight lines

Example 10: Find the equation of straight line, in gradient form.

a)
2
𝑚 = 3, G(-3, 6) b) (2, 3) , (4, 6) c) x – intercept = 1
y – intercept = 2

d) m = -3 , G(4, -5) e) (-4, 7) , (2, -3) f) x – intercept = 3

y – intercept = -7
Form 4: Additional Mathematics Edu Ace Tuition Centre
Hokkien Building, Level 3, Jalan Yahya Awal
Chapter 6: Coordinate Geometry Contact: 013 – 459 2445 (Mr. Sharvinder)

Example 11: Rewrite the equation in the intercept form. Find gradient, x – intercept and y – intercept.

a) y = 2x + 6 b) 3x + 2y = 24 c) 4x – 3y = 36

Example 12: Rewrite the equation of straight line in the general form ax + by + c = 0.
𝑥 𝑦
a) + −6 = 1 b) 6x = 5y + 12 c) 2y = 6 + 4x
3

Example 13: Find the point of intersection of the following pairs of straight lines.

a) y=x+2 b) 3x – 2y = 17
y = -2x + 5 2x + 3y = 7
Form 4: Additional Mathematics Edu Ace Tuition Centre
Hokkien Building, Level 3, Jalan Yahya Awal
Chapter 6: Coordinate Geometry Contact: 013 – 459 2445 (Mr. Sharvinder)

c) y = 3x + 10 d) 2x + y = 6
y = -x + 2 x – 3y = 10

6.5: Parallel Lines and Perpendicular Lines:

Important Notes:

Example 14: Determine whether each of the following pairs of lines is parallel.

a) 2y – x = 7, x – 2y = 5 b) 4x + 6y = 5, 2x = 6 – 3y c) 3y – x = 6, 3x – 2y = 6
Form 4: Additional Mathematics Edu Ace Tuition Centre
Hokkien Building, Level 3, Jalan Yahya Awal
Chapter 6: Coordinate Geometry Contact: 013 – 459 2445 (Mr. Sharvinder)

Example 13: Given that each of the following pairs of straight lines are parallel. Find the value of p.

a) 3y – 4x – 15 = 0, (p – 5)x – 3y – 18 = 0 b) px + 6y – 12 = 0, 2x – 3y + 14 = 0

Example 15: Find the equation of the straight line in the general form that passes through point P and
parallel to the given straight line
𝑥 𝑦
a) 3y – 2x – 12 = 0, P(2, -5) b) 2y + 3x + 18 = 0, P(4, -2) c) + = 1, P(-3, -2)
9 2
Form 4: Additional Mathematics Edu Ace Tuition Centre
Hokkien Building, Level 3, Jalan Yahya Awal
Chapter 6: Coordinate Geometry Contact: 013 – 459 2445 (Mr. Sharvinder)

Example 16: Determine each of following pairs of line are perpendicular.

a) 3y – x = 6 b) 2x + y = 1 c) 3y – x = 12
3x + 2y = 12 -x + 2y = 6 3x – 2y = 8

Example 17: Given that each of the following pairs of lines are perpendicular. Find the value of n.

a) 2y – 3x + 14 = 0 b) y – 2x + 6 = 0 c) 2y – x + 8 = 0
(n – 2)x – 4y -16 = 0 nx – 6y – 12 = 0 (n + 1)x + 4y – 20 = 0
Form 4: Additional Mathematics Edu Ace Tuition Centre
Hokkien Building, Level 3, Jalan Yahya Awal
Chapter 6: Coordinate Geometry Contact: 013 – 459 2445 (Mr. Sharvinder)

Example 18: Find the equation of the straight line, that passes through point P and perpendicular to the
given straight line

a) 4y – 3x – 8 = 0 , P (1, -4) b) y – 2x + 7 = 0 , P (2, 6)

c) 3x + y – 7 = 0 , P (-1, 5) d) 4x + 3y + 24 = 0, P (-2, -6)

Form 4: Additional Mathematics Edu Ace Tuition Centre
Hokkien Building, Level 3, Jalan Yahya Awal
Chapter 6: Coordinate Geometry Contact: 013 – 459 2445 (Mr. Sharvinder)

6.6: Equation of a Locus

Important Notes:

Example 19: Find the equation of the locus of point L(x, y) which moves such that its distance is d units
from a fixed point P.

a) P(0, 2); d = 3 units b) P(3, -4); d = 7 units

c) P(-5, 0); d = 2 units d) P(-3, 6); d = 5 units

e) P(-2, -8); d = 6 units f) P(3, 7); d = 4 units

Form 4: Additional Mathematics Edu Ace Tuition Centre
Hokkien Building, Level 3, Jalan Yahya Awal
Chapter 6: Coordinate Geometry Contact: 013 – 459 2445 (Mr. Sharvinder)

Example 20: Solve each of the following

a) Given A(2, -3) and B(-1, 2). P(x, y) is a moving point such that AP:PB = 2:3. Find the equation
of locus P

b) Given A(-1, 2) and B(3, 4). P(x, y) is a moving point such that AP:PB = 1:2. Find the equation
of locus of P

c) A point P(x, y) moves such that it is always equidistant from two fixed point A(7, 7) and
B(-4, 0). Find the equation of locus of P.
Form 4: Additional Mathematics Edu Ace Tuition Centre
Hokkien Building, Level 3, Jalan Yahya Awal
Chapter 6: Coordinate Geometry Contact: 013 – 459 2445 (Mr. Sharvinder)

d) Determine whether locus 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 3𝑥 + e) Determine whether locus 2𝑥 2 + 2𝑦 2 −

4𝑦 − 9 = 0 passes through the x-axis. 5𝑥 + 6𝑦 + 13 = 0 passes through y-axis
Form 4: Additional Mathematics Edu Ace Tuition Centre
Hokkien Building, Level 3, Jalan Yahya Awal
Chapter 6: Coordinate Geometry Contact: 013 – 459 2445 (Mr. Sharvinder)

HOMEWORK

CHAPTER 6: COORDINATE GEOMETRY