Chapter one

Section 3: modern perspectives

1) Modern perspectives: Modern perspectives are

the modern ways to think that sociologists use
to explain a specific phenomenon or to identify
any social problem. There are three
perspectives: functionalist, conflict, and
interaction perspective.

 Functionalist perspective: is based on the ideas

of Comet, Spencer, and Durkheim. Sociologist
that adapt this perspective view society as a set
of interrelated parts the work together to make
the society flourish.

If each one has a function in the society so they

must have a manifest function. The manifest
function is the secondary function. For example,
if the premium function of a cell phone is to call
people and It’s secondary faction is to take
photos with the camera phone. So, the manifest
function of the cell phone is to take photos.

 Conflict perspective: people who adapt the

conflict perspective focus on the forces in
society that promote competition and change.
For example, Karl Marx theory about the
bourgeoisie and proletariat.

 Interaction perspective: it is the perspective

which focused on the individuals interactions
with one another in the society.