01

neither do I
1 Match the sentences 1–10 with the responses a–j.
1 He’s been to Madrid.
2 They got there in the end.
3 I’ll be there by four.
4 I should have it done by then.
5 I’d been there before.
6 He’d like a coffee.
7 I’ve eaten.
8 I could have done better than that.
9 She’s going soon.
10 I think I’ve hurt myself.
a So had I.
b So do I.
c So would I.
d So will I.
e So have I.
f So am I.
g So could I.
h So have I.
i So did I.
j So should I.

2 Write responses with I.

1 I’d better not have another one.
2 I’d love one.
3 I’d speak to her if I were you.
4 He’d never seen one as big as that.
5 He’s never had one before.
6 I’d rather not.
7 I wouldn’t have done that in a million years.
8 I’m exhausted.
9 She’s got a bit of a headache.
10 She’d always have one before going to bed.

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02
Present perfect and present perfect
continuous
1 Complete the sentences with ever.
1 Thai food is the hottest food I…
2 This is the most important phone call I…
3 My wedding dress is the most expensive thing I…
4 You’re the most trustworthy friend I…
5 John Lands is the richest man I…
6 That’s the biggest lie I…
7 You’re the most beautiful woman I…
8 Leaving my job was the best thing I…
9 That exam was the most difficult test I…
10 Tanzania is the most amazing country I…

2 Choose the correct verb form.

1 What have you been done / done to your hair?
2 Where’s the remote control gone / been going?
3 I’ve just been swimming / swum.
4 Haven’t you heard? Somebody’s killed / been killing
the president!
5 Sorry the house is in such a mess – we’ve been
decorating / decorated.
6 I’ve been drinking / drunk two bottles of beer since
we arrived.
7 Have you finished / been finishing yet?
8 I’ve known / been knowing her for years.
9 She’s been breaking / broken her ankle.
10 I think I’ve fallen / been falling in love!

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05
Responding with short questions
1 Match replies a–j with statements 1–10.
1 I’ve never eaten oysters before.
2 We haven’t been to see your parents for ages.
3 She’s been having problems with her back.
4 The students said they were very happy with the way
things were going.
5 It just isn’t the same now they’ve changed it.
6 It’s all gone horribly wrong!
7 We’ve seen this before!
8 It’s the same thing week after week.
9 She’s going to the same university as me.
10 It hasn’t stopped raining all day.
a Oh, hasn’t it?
b Oh, haven’t you?
c Oh, has it?
d Oh, has she?
e Oh, is she?
f Oh, did they?
g Oh, is it?
h Oh, isn’t it?
i Oh, haven’t we?
j Oh, have we?

2 Write short responses.

1 I’m a bit late.
2 I’ve got to go.
3 I’m afraid I won’t be able to come.
4 She used to go out with me.
5 There seems to be something wrong with it.
6 I’d go if the weather was nicer.
7 I wasn’t very good at school.
8 We’d have preferred something a bit less expensive.
9 I’m not at all bothered about it.
10 I had to catch the six thirty train.

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06
Modals of obligation, permission, and
necessity
1 Correct the mistakes in these sentences.
1 If the trains aren’t running next week, I must take the
bus.
2 You needn’t to wear a tie if you want to eat here.
3 Did you must get up so early this morning?
4 She’d already done it, so I hadn’t to.
5 You mustn’t if you don’t want to.
6 You don’t have to play with matches – you’ll burn
yourself.
7 Are you allowed smoking in here?
8 He needn’t has done that.
9 Nobody can make you to do something you don’t
want to.
10 My parents never to let me do that when I was a kid.

2 Complete the sentences with one of these words or

expressions – you may need to change the form of
the word. More than one answer is possible.
didn’t need to needn’t have make
let allow supposed to
permit oblige require
forbid

1 Oh, you’ve done the washing up! You

, I was going to do it.
2 All disembarking passengers are
to fill out a Customs
Declaration.
3 You’re to take up to
200 cigarettes and two litres of alcohol, duty free.
4 Photography is not
inside the building.
5 I ring her in the end,
as she rang me.
6 You’re not sit on the
grass, but everyone does.
7 When I was at school, if I didn’t do my homework, I
was to stay behind
and do it then.
8 I might see you later – I’ll have to ask my wife if she’ll
me go.
9 Smuggling drugs is by
law – and the penalties are very severe if you get
caught.
10 You are by law to have
a Social Security number before you can get a job.

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 3 Choose the correct verb form.
10
It was almost 3 p.m. when we 1 were reaching / reached
Past narrative forms
the lake. We 2 had been walking / were walking since
1 Choose the correct verb form. early morning to reach it. Small icebergs 3 were
1 By the time I was nineteen, I have done / had done floating / had been floating on the lake’s surface. We
everything I wanted to. 4 had stood / stood there looking at the peaceful scene.

2 It really was the most beautiful sunset I ever saw / After 43 years of marriage, Dean 5 was / had been still
had ever seen. my best friend. We 6 growing / had grown up in South
3 I realised fairly quicky that I had never met / never Dakota, and we 7 had got / had been getting married
met her before in my life. as soon as possible. Now, 43 years later, we 8 were
4 I’d known / been knowing him for years before we living / had lived in Michigan, and we 9 were looking /
became friends. had looked forward to our ’golden’ years together.
5 When I got home, she knew I’d been drinking / had From Iceberg Lake, we 10 started / were starting to walk
drunk.
back down the mountain. At a bend in the trail I
6 It was a late afternoon in June, and it was raining / 11 heard / had heard Dean gasp and squeeze my arm.
rained.
Just ahead, a startled mother grizzly bear and her two
7 I was tired because I wasn’t having / hadn’t had cubs 12 were facing / had faced us. ’My God’ Dean
much sleep the night before. 13 whispered / had been whispering ‘I think we’re in
8 I’d been living / was living in London for about five
trouble.’
years before I met him.
9 When we woke up on Christmas morning, we saw Two nights before, we 14 attended / had attended a
that it snowed / had snowed during the night. lecture about bears in the wild. ’Let’s play dead like
10 Where did you go / were you going to college when they 15 had told / told us’ I said.
you were living in England? It 16 was / had been too late. The grizzly 17 had seen /
had been seeing us. With a low growl, the bear 18 was
2 Rewrite these sentences so they mean the same covering / had covered the distance between us. I
thing. 19 had / been having nothing to fight with except my
1 It was my first visit to Bury St Edmunds. heavy binoculars. I suddenly remembered some advice
I… my father 20 was giving / had given me years ago…
2 The evidence was examined carefully before they
came to a decision.
When they…
3 They’ve known each other for ten years.
They first met…
4 The ferry left before we arrived.
By the time…
5 Was it the best thing you’d ever done?
Had you ever…
6 I remembered her name just as I was leaving.
While…
7 We drove to the coast and had lunch in the most
fantastic restaurant.
After we…
8 I saw her a few times and then she emigrated to
Australia.
After…
9 We went out for about three years and then we got
married.
We’d been…
10 I accidently left my passport at home, and I didn’t
realise until I got to the airport.
When I got to the airport…

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14
Ways of expressing the future
1 Match the beginnings of sentences 1–10 with
endings a–j.
1 It’s bound to be late…
2 I’ve decided that I’m…
3 We’re getting married…
4 I’m pretty sure the plane…
5 I’ll be…
6 By this time next year…
7 Will you be…
8 I think…
9 I don’t feel very well. I think…
10 They’re due…
a seeing her about this time tomorrow.
b I’ll wear the pink one.
c it always is.
d I’ll have made my first million.
e not going to do it after all.
f to arrive about 3.30.
g I’m going to faint.
h staying long?
i leaves from Terminal 3.
j on May 16.

2 Choose the correct verb form.

1 My train gets / is going get in at 5.30.
2 …so I’m being / ’ll be home by 6.00.
3 I’ll be / ’ll have been thirty-six next year.
4 The phone’s ringing. Shall / Will I get it?
5 I’m having / have lunch at my mum’s tomorrow. Can
we make it next week?
6 The next thing I’m going to do / ’m doing is fry the
onions in a little oil.
7 What’s that car doing? If he’s not careful, he’ll have
had / ’s going to have an accident.
8 Will you be joining / Do you join us for lunch?
9 Don’t ring me tomorrow evening – I’ll watch / ’ll be
watching the football.
10 I leave / ’ll have left by three this afternoon.

3 Match a sentence in exercise 2 with a use below.

a prediction based on present evidence
b regular time-tabled event
c polite enquiry
d prediction based on knowledge or opinion
e fixed personal arrangement
f an action / achievement that will be completed at some
point in the future
g future intention
h promise / offer / decision
i future fact
j future event fixed or expected to happen in the normal
course of things

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18
Comparatives and superlatives
1 Put the words in the sentences in the right order.
1 I’d longest it been the was journey on ever.
2 larger she pregnancy the and on as went got larger.
3 I it it as as thought was to wasn’t good be going.
4 far there around less is nowadays crime here.
5 earns he me than more slightly.
6 little won’t you longer a stay bit?
7 the was records January coldest it since began.
8 by film far the in she actress most was talented the.
9 even worse are going things to get.
10 went people performance than fifty the fewer
opening to.

2 Complete the sentences with an appropriate word

or words.
1 She doesn’t drive as as you.
2 The holiday got and
as it went on.
3 This isn’t the problem we’ve had.
4 There were people than I expected.
5 Fuel used to be cheaper.
6 You’re bad at making decisions, but I’m
worse!
7 I’m as young I used
to be.
8 You should try to smoke cigarettes.
9 That’s the disgusting drink I’ve ever
had.
10 It’s not warm here in the winter.

3 Match each sentence with those in exercise 2 that

mean the same.
a Fuel these days costs a lot more than it used to.
b I’ve never drunk anything so digusting in my life!
c We’ve had worse problems than this.
d It’s much colder here in the winter.
e I’m older than I used to be.
f You’re a better driver than she is.
g There weren’t as many people as I expected.
h You should try not to smoke as many cigarettes as
that.
i I’m far worse than you at making decisions.
j At the beginning of the holiday we were having a good
time, and by the end we were having a fantastic time!

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 Causative verbs
22
3 Put the words in these sentences in the right order.
The passive 1 hair don’t get why cut you your?
1 Put the verbs into the correct active or passive verb 2 must I my tested eyes get.
form. 3 to the looked go and to have at dentist your ought
teeth you.
I 1 (wait) at the bus stop when 4 brought can your you room dinner have to.
I 2 (see) a robbery taking place 5 yet I had haven’t my developed film.
just across the road. I 3 (shop) 6 we to get serviced the need car.
in the supermarket, where I 4 7 I’ll the courier documents by get sent.
(do) my weekly shopping, and I 5 8 I’m taken to picture a going have professional my by.
(just got) to the bus stop when I 6 9 will what it to re-decorated whole cost house have
the?
(see) two suspicious-looking men 7
10 shoes my where by I professional get a repaired can?
(go) into the bank. I 8 (think)
they were suspicious because they 9

(wear) masks and 10 (carry)

what looked like guns. Just a few seconds later, I
11 (hear) a gunshot – the bank
12 (rob)! I immediately called
the police on my mobile, and as I 13
(do) so, a car, which 14 (drive)
by a third man, 15 (pull) up
outside. The other two jumped in and they all
16 (drive) off.
Apparently, quite a lot of money 17

(steal), but fortunately, no one 18

(hurt). Details of the men 19
(show) on the TV, but they 20
(catch) yet.

2 Match the beginnings of the sentences to the ends.

1 The match has
2 About half the world’s tropical forests were
3 Oil was
4 Students are not
5 The children were
6 My car is
7 Mussels are often
8 The employees are
9 The films are going to
10 Red wine should be
a served at room temperature.
b cooked in white wine.
c being trained to use the new software.
d discovered at the end of the nineteenth century.
e be made using computer generated images only.
f being repaired.
g destroyed after 1950.
h been postponed due to the bad weather.
i allowed to eat or drink in class.
j sent home from school early today.

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23
be / get used to -ing
Correct the mistakes in these sentences.
1 I’ve worked overseas most of my life so I’m used to
live in different countries.
2 It’s so hot, he hasn’t used to the climate yet.
3 Spicy food! That’s great...I love spicy food! I’m use to
eating hot food.
4 I never use to do anything my parents told me to.
5 My family used to living in the countyside before they
moved to the city.
6 I can’t get used the traffic in England – everything’s
the wrong way round!
7 I had always lived in cities, so I already used to busy,
urban environments.
8 They’re everywhere! I’m never get used to all these
mosquitoes.
9 Did you used to go to school in Oxford?
10 I just can’t get used to see you with that new haircut!

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26
Probability and certainty
1 Use must, might, may, could or can’t and the verb in
brackets to complete the sentences.
1 Susan told me you’ve got your exams next week. You
(study) hard.
2 You (be) hungry!
You’ve only just had dinner!
3 I didn’t hear the phone ring. I
(be) asleep.
4 Why didn’t he say hello? He
(see) us, I suppose.
5 I can’t find my bag anywhere! I
(leave) it at work.
6 I’ve been playing the piano for fifteen years.
Really? Your arms (be)
tired!
7 What’s that noise?
I’m not sure. It (be)
the cat.
8 Where’s Jack? he’s never at his desk!
I don’t know – he
(have) lunch. Try the canteen.
9 I wonder why she didn’t come to the meeting.
I suppose she (know)
about it.
10 I had to sit and wait for about an hour and a half.
That (be) very
interesting.

2 Correct the mistakes in these sentences.

1 He should has told her that he loved her.
2 Who’s that at the door?
I’m not sure - it can be the milkman.
3 I’ve bought you a little something to say ’thank you’.
What lovely flowers! Oh, you mustn’t have!
4 I can’t believe you did that – you might have an
accident.
5 That must be him now.
It mustn’t be! He’s on holiday.
6 Can you might help with the driving?
7 She would have help you, but you didn’t ask.
8 I may to be able to help – what do you need?
9 That don’t can be true!
10 You missed a fantastic game – you should be there!

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30
Conditionals and wish
1 Rewrite these sentences using conditionals.
1 I didn’t go out last night, so I didn’t see her.
If…
2 I drank rather a lot, and now I feel terrible.
If…
3 I’ve got a cough because I smoke so much.
If…
4 Karen left me because she saw me kiss someone
else.
If…
5 Peter lost his notebook so he can’t revise for the test.
If…
6 I haven’t got any money so I can’t buy you a drink.
If…
7 I got home before midnight so my parents aren’t
angry with me.
If…
8 She doesn’t go skiing because she doesn’t live near
the mountains.
If…
9 He failed the exam because he didn’t do enough
work.
If…
10 I lay on the beach all day and now I’m sunburnt!
If…

2 Match the reality with the wish.

1 I don’t know his address…
2 I ate too much last night…
3 I can’t fly…
4 The sun won’t shine…
5 I might fail the exam…
6 It’s raining…
7 I didn’t go to university…
8 You always go out in old clothes…
9 He might get better soon…
10 My grandfather’s dead...
a and I wish it would.
b and I wish you wouldn’t.
c but I wish I did.
d and I wish he wasn’t.
e and I wish I hadn’t.
f but I wish I could.
g but I wish it wasn’t.
h but I hope I don’t.
i but I wish I had.
j and I hope he does.

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KEY
9 We’d been going out for about three
01 06 years before we got married.
neither do I Modals of obligation, 10 When I got to the airport I realised I’d
1 1 e/h 2 i 3 d 4 j 5 a 6 c 7 h/e 8 g permission, and necessity accidently left my passport at home.
9 f 10 b 1 1 If the trains aren’t running next week, 3 1 reached
I’ll have to take the bus. 2 had been walking
2 1 Neither / Nor had I.
2 You needn’t / don’t have to wear a tie 3 were floating
2 So would I.
if you want to eat here. 4 stood
3 So would I.
3 Did you have to get up so early this 5 was
4 Neither / Nor had I. morning?
6 had grown up
5 Neither / Nor have I. 4 She’d already done it, so I didn’t
7 had got
6 Neither / Nor would I. have / didn’t need to.
8 were living
7 Neither / Nor would I. 5 You needn’t / don’t have to if you
don’t want to. 9 were looking
8 So am I.
6 You mustn’t play with matches – you’ll 10 started
9 So have I.
burn yourself. 11 heard
10 So would I.
7 Are you allowed to smoke in here? 12 were facing
8 He needn’t have done / didn’t need 13 whispered
02 to do that. 14 had attended
9 Nobody can make you do something 15 told
Present perfect and you don’t want to. 16 was
present perfect continuous 10 My parents never let me do that 17 had seen
1 Possible answers when I was a kid.
18 had covered
1 … I’ve ever eaten / had / tried. 2 1 needn’t have (done) 19 had
2 … I’ve ever made / received. 2 required 20 had given
3 … I’ve ever worn / bought / owned. 3 permitted / allowed
4 … I’ve ever had / known. 4 permitted / allowed
5 … I’ve ever met / known / heard of. 5 didn’t need to ring 14
6 … I’ve ever heard / told. 6 supposed to / allowed to Ways of expressing the
7 … I’ve ever met / seen. 7 made future
8 … I’ve ever done. 8 let
9 … I’ve ever taken / sat.
1 1 c 2 e 3 j 4 i 5 a 6 d 7 h 8 b/g 9 g
9 forbidden
10 f
10 … I’ve ever visited / seen / been to. 10 obliged / required
2 1 gets
2 1 done
2 ’ll be
2 gone
3 been swimming
10 3 ’ll be

4 killed Past narrative forms 4 Shall

5 ’m having
5 been decorating 1 1 had done
6 ’m going to do
6 drunk 2 had ever seen
7 ’s going to have
7 finished 3 had never met
8 Will you be joining
8 known 4 ’d known
9 ’ll be watching
9 broken 5 ’d been drinking
10 ’ll have left
10 fallen 6 was raining
7 hadn’t had 3 1b 2d 3i 4h 5e 6g 7a 8c 9j
10 f
05 8 ’d been living
9 had snowed
Responding with short 10 did you go
questions 18
2 1 I had never visited Bury St Edmunds
1 1 b 2 i 3 d 4 f 5 h 6 c 7 j 8 g 9 e 10 a before.
Comparatives and
2 1 Oh, are you? 2 When they had examined the
superlatives
2 Oh, have you? evidence carefully, they came to a 1 1 It was the longest journey I’d ever
3 Oh, won’t you? decision. been on.
4 Oh, did she? 3 They first met ten years ago. 2 She got larger and larger as the
5 Oh, does there? 4 By the time we arrived, the ferry had pregnancy went on.
left. 3 It wasn’t as good as I thought it was
6 Oh, would you?
5 Had you ever done anything better? going to be. / I thought it wasn’t going
7 Oh, weren’t you?
6 While I was leaving, I remembered her to be as good as it was.
8 Oh, would you?
name. 4 There is far less crime around here
9 Oh, aren’t you? nowadays.
7 After we had driven to the coast, we
10 Oh, did you? had lunch in the most fantastic 5 He earns slightly more than me.
restaurant. 6 Won’t you stay a little bit longer?
8 After seeing / I had seen / I saw her a 7 It was the coldest January since
few times, she emigrated to Australia. records began.

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 8 She was by far the most talented
actress in the film.
23 30
9 Things are going to get even worse. be / get used to -ing Conditionals and wish
10 Fewer than fifty peple went to the 1 I’ve worked overseas most of my life 1 1 If I’d gone out last night, I would have
opening performance. so I’m used to living in different seen her.
countries.
2 1 well 2 If I hadn’t drunk so much, I wouldn’t
2 It’s so hot, he hasn’t got used to the feel terrible.
2 better, better
climate yet.
3 worst 3 If I didn’t smoke so much, I wouldn’t
3 Spicy food! That’s great...I love spicy have a cough.
4 fewer food! I’m used to eating hot food.
4 If Karen hadn’t seen me kiss someone
5 much / a lot / far 4 I never used to do anything my else, she wouldn’t have left me.
6 even / much parents told me to.
5 If Peter hadn’t lost his notebook, he
7 not, as 5 My family used to live in the would be able to / could revise for the
8 fewer countyside before they moved to the test.
city.
9 most 6 If I had some / any money, I’d buy you a
6 I can’t get used to the traffic in drink.
10 as
England – everything’s the wrong way
7 If I’d hadn’t got home before midnight,
3 a 5 b 9 c 3 d 10 e 7 f 1 g 4 h 8 i 6 round!
my parents would be angry with me.
j2 7 I had always lived in cities, so I was
8 If she lived near the mountains, she’d
already used to busy, urban
go skiing.
environments.
9 If he’d done enough / more work, he
22 8 They’re everywhere! I’ll never / I’m
wouldn’t have failed the exam.
never going to get used to all these
The passive mosquitoes. 10 If I hadn’t lain on the beach all day, I
wouldn’t be sunburnt.
1 1 was waiting 9 Did you use to go to school in Oxford?
2 saw 10 I just can’t get used to seeing you 2 1c 2e 3f 4a 5h 6g 7i 8b 9j
with that new haircut! 10 d
3 had been shopping
4 do
5 had just got
26
6 saw
7 going Probability and certainty
8 thought 1 1 must be studying, must study
9 were wearing 2 can’t be
10 (were) carrying 3 must have been
11 heard 4 may / might not have seen
12 was being robbed 5 must have left
13 did / was doing 6 must be
14 was being driven / was driven 7 may / could / might
15 pulled 8 might / could / may be having
16 drove 9 might / may not have known
17 was stolen 10 can’t have been
18 was hurt
2 1 He should have told her that he loved
19 have been shown her.
20 haven’t been caught 2 I’m not sure – It could / might / may be
2 1 h 2 g 3 d 4 i 5 j 6 f 7 b 8 c 9 e 10 a the milkman.
3 What lovely flowers! Oh, you
shouldn’t have!
Causative verbs 4 I can’t believe you did that – you
might have had an accident.
3 1 Why don’t you get your hair cut?
5 It can’t be! He’s on holiday.
2 I must get my eyes tested.
6 Can you help with driving?
3 You ought to go to the dentist and
have your teeth looked at. 7 She would have helped you, but you
didn’t ask.
4 You can have dinner brought to your
room. 8 I may be able to help – what do you
need?
5 I haven’t had my film developed yet.
9 That can’t be true!
6 We need to get the car serviced.
10 You missed a fantastic game – you
7 I’ll get the documents sent by courier.
should have been there!
8 I’m going to have my picture taken by
a professional.
9 What will it cost to have the whole
house re-decorated?
10 Where can I get my shoes repaired by
a professional?

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