“When we see men grow old and die at a certain time one after another, from century to

century, we laught at the elixir that promises to prolong life to a thousand years; and
with equal justice may the lexicographer be derided, who, being able to produce no
example of a nation that has preserved their words and phrases from mutability, shall
imagine that his dictionary can embalm his language, and secure it from corruption and
decary…”

Dr. Samuel Johnson – A dictionary of the English Language - 1755

Verbs

Verbs
Forms
Base go
-s Form goes
Past went
Past participle gone
Past Participle going

I am swinning – verb

My favorite sport is swimming – noun

They built a swimming – pool

Adjective

Past participle = passive idea

Present participle = active idea

Past participle gone ---- verb’ adjective - Shocked

Present participle going - Shocking

Verb
 Noun

Adjective

The vase´s broken

Is Has

The car was stolen

Pronunciation of Regular verbs in the dast forms

Voiced /-d/

Log /g/

Logged /gd/

Voiceless /-t/

Work /k/

Worked /kt/

Danced /st/

/-id/

End –ed /did/

Started /tid/

Anotacoes

GHOTI 🡪 Enough Women Nation

Verb Tenses

Timeline

I ------------I----------- I 🡪 State 🡪 She is angry

Past Present Future

I ------------I----------- I 🡪 Event 🡪 I sentence you to 3 years in prison.

Past Present Future

I ------.--.--I--.--.----- I 🡪 Habit 🡪 She plays the guitar

Past Present Future

I ------------I----------- I 🡪 Temporary Action 🡪 She’s studying

Past Present Future

I ------------I----------- I 🡪 Temporary Habit 🡪 She’s picking up her brother at school

white her parents are travelling

Talking About Grammar I

(In the Talking About Grammar exercises, you will have a number of sentences to
analyze and answer. They are supposed to reinforce what you have learned previously.)

1. “I never apologize.” Said George Bernard Shaw. Is this a sensible habit?

2. “Inflation is running at seven per cent.” Can you make a long-term prediction
based on this information?
3. “I declare question three to be the perfect example of a present event verb.”
Well, is it?
4. “I’m getting good marks these days.” Are you sure you can keep it up?
5. “I sentence you to three years in prison.”Draw a time line

Looking

1. Come quickly. One is carrying a baby!

2. You understand this? 🡪Oto reisinger IM
 3. Look! That one smiles!
4. Look! The elephant and its baby in coming.
5. The ones with the cameras always finds us so nice.
6. The guide not look well today.
7. They’re being very quiet today.
8. Don’t go there, Andrew. They’re dangerous.
9. Why you aren’t coming to see the lions? 🡪 Why don’t coming to see the
lions?
10. Look! The elephant and it is baby is coming. 🡪 They are coming
11. The keeper is coming. 🡪
12. The cartoonist is coming from Germany.
13. Why they throw scraps on the floor of the cage
14. Why they don’t use bathrooms? 🡪 Why don’t they use bathrooms?

Sense verbs

Feel

Taste

Look

Sound

Smell

PAST TIME

Past Present Future

Haydn was born in 1722.

John called me yesterday: He inuited me to a party. (linguistic context)

The letter carrier brought no mail. (Social context) (so e possivel dizer isso depois do
horario que o carteiro passa ter passado)

I have broken my arm,

Se chama present perfect porque algo que aconteceu no passado teve algum resultado
no presente. Eu uso o present perfect quando o que me interessa e o passado.

3 April 2014-04-03

I was Born in 1976

My watch has broken

She has been sick for 2 years

You’ve been crying

I’ve been reading your book

Past perfect

I had visited the island before I went there for my honeymoon.

I was exhawsted because I had walked for three hours straight

I had been waiting for thirty minutes when she finally arrived!
Talking about grammar II

1. Leonardo da Vinci was an artist. He painted the Mona Lisa. He also made many
scientific discoveries. Talk in the same way about Shakespeare, Cleopatra,
Mozart.
2. “My wife has been a teacher for ten years – and I was too.” Who still teaching?
3. “Bennet has written many songs and choral works”Which composer are we
talking about – William Sterndale Bennet (1816 – 1875) or Richard Rodney
Bennett (1936-)
4. “Mozart was a great composer.” “Pele was a great soccer player”
5. H
6. H
7. “I’ve heard that music before somewhere.”But where and when?
8. I’ve worn this shirt for three years.”Don’t you think it’s time to wash it?
9. “What have you lost if you still don’t want dineer?”
10. “I haven’t seen him yesterday.’ Is there a word missing?
11. “Hello! I haven’t seen you for ages!” How would you say this in Portuguese?
12. “When the lights went out I ……” Try to complete this in at least two ways.
13. “I had worked hard for my promotion.”Draw a time line.
14. “I had only seen the play once before.”Draw a time line.

WHEN THE LIGHTS WENT OUT

Freaked out

Was talking a shower

Had Showered

15 April 2014

Past simple
Past perfect

Past continuos

TEST MAY 6 TH -
TEMPOS VERBAIS

ARTICLE MAY 13 TH /15TH

I have broken

I have been broken

I have been breaking

Avx. To be +Past participle

+Present participle

(make/ten films since left college) They have made ten films since they left college

(make/films since they left college) They have been making

Put the verbs in parenthesis in the correct form, present or simple past.

1. ‘Where’s your key?” “I don’t know. I ___________ (lose) it.”

2. I _______ was _____ (be) very tired, so I lay down and went to sleep.
3. Mary ___ went ____ (go) to Australia for a while, but she is back again now.
4. “Where’s Ken?” “He __ ‘s gone ___(go) out. He’ll be back in about an hour.”

I have broken my arm

I had broken my arm by the time I was 3

You had been running

You’re been crying

She had been taking a shower (when I arrived)

I have been reading your back

Call me at 9 becouse I will have finished dinner by ther

I will need coffe at 1 a.m because I will have been studying for seven hours!

By the year 2040 I will have been happy married for 50 years

Future time

It will be cold tomorrow // Look at those clouds! It’s going to rain soon. // Prediction

I’ll see you tomorrow // I’m going to be a doctor when I grow up. // Intentions

The phone is ringing I’m going to visit my grandfather this weekend

I’ll get it X A decision already made = going to

- We are visiting our parents next weekend

- The plane leaves at 9 tonight. (timetables/ schedules)

Don’t call him at 7 because he’ll be having dinner then.

Call him at 8 because he will have had dinner by then.

Call him at 8 because he will have had dinner by then.

Have had Spoken

Has had Gone

Had had Eaten

Will have had

I will start studying at 8

If you call me at 10, I will have been studying for 2 hours

My parents got married in 1957

In 2017, They __________________________ for 60 years!

Will have been married

Voz Passiva

Present perfect

Present time

Present tense

Future time

Will and going to

Using future continuous and future perfect

# Have you ever eaten sushi?

Did you ever eat sushi?

Which can start a conversation?

#I’ve never eaten roast beef.

I never ate roast beef

Which refers to the youth of a famous cook and which to a live TV program with a
famous cook?

# “Please show me how to cook Jambalaya”

“But you’ve already cooked Jambalaya as good as mine.”

“But you already cooked Jambalaya as good as mine.”

Which logically follows the request?

Voz Passiva

🡪Forma

🡪Uso

James gave Lucy some flowers

Some flowers were g’ven to Lucy br James

■ Lucy was given some flowers by James – Retained Object

29/ 05/2014 Conditionals

Type 1: Future: If I study, I will get good grades

Type 2: Present: If I had a million dollars, I would buy car (if I didn’t)

Type 3: Past: If I had studied, I would have gotten better grades (if I hadn’t)

O timeless: If your pour oil in water, it wont explode

USING I WISH + PAST SIMPLE

Wish
 🡺 I wish thing were different
🡺 I wish I had money.

Things are hardnow

🡺 I wish things hadn’t been so hard

🡺 I wish I had gone to the party.

Things were hard

🡺 I wish they eould stop playing that soug

🡺 I wish it would stop raining.

Rewrite these sentences using I wish + past simple.

Rewrite these sentences using I wish + past perfect

I wish + would

🡪If you should have problems with this product, all 1.800

🡪If our product should present a problem, return it to the manufacturer

A hery improbable chance

If I had bought the car 🡪 Had I bought the car, I would have regretted

If our product should present a problem 🡪 Should our product

present a problem, too bad

If they were here 🡪 Were they here, they would help us.

If he ___WAS___(be) a good, he _WOULD BE STUDYING_(study) for the test now.

If he ___HAD STUDIED___(study) last night, he ___WOULD,T BE __(not/be)
nervous now.

If he __WAS___(be) a good student, he ___WOULD HAVE STUDIED___(study) for

the test last night.