APPENDIX

D Equivalent Nodal Forces

The equivalent nodal (or joint) forces for different types of loads on beam elements
are shown in Table D–1.

d Problems
D.1 Determine the equivalent joint or nodal forces for the beam elements shown in Figure
PD–1.

Figure PD–1

752
 Table D–1 Single element equivalent joint forces f0 for different types of loads

f1y m1 Loading case f2y m2

P
PL
P PL
1.
2 8 2 8

Pb 2 ðL þ 2aÞ
Pab 2
Pa 2 ðL þ 2bÞ Pa 2 b

2.
L3 L2 L3 L2

3.
P
að1
aÞPL
P að1
aÞPL

wL
wL 2
wL wL 2

4.
2 12 2 12

7wL
wL 2
3wL wL 2

5.
20 20 20 30

wL
5wL 2
wL 5wL 2

6.
4 96 4 96

(Continued )
753
754

Table D–1 (Continued )

f1y m1 Loading case f2y m2

13wL
11wL 2
3wL 5wL 2

7.
32 192 32 192

wL
wL 2
wL wL 2

8.
3 15 3 15

Mða 2 þ b 2
4ab
L 2 Þ Mbð2a
bÞ Mða 2 þ b 2
4ab
L 2 Þ Mað2b
aÞ

9.
L3 L2 L3 L2