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  • Table Q-1: Respiratory Exchange Ratio 0.8

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    Nakorn Puapaiboon
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    The document contains information about respiratory gas exchange at various altitudes and conditions: 1) Table Q-1 shows respiratory parameters like oxygen consumption, respiratory frequency, tidal volume, and dead space volume at sea level. 2) Figure Q-2 shows how pulmonary capillary PO2 decreases with increasing altitude due to diffusion limitation from lower alveolar PO2. 3) Table Q-6 tracks changes in blood gas values, ventilation, and altitude from sea level arrival to 72 hours at altitude. PaCO2 and PaO2 levels change along with pH as the body adapts to lower oxygen availability.

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    The document contains information about respiratory gas exchange at various altitudes and conditions: 1) Table Q-1 shows respiratory parameters like oxygen consumption, respiratory frequency, tidal volume, and dead space volume at sea level. 2) Figure Q-2 shows how pulmonary capillary PO2 decreases with increasing altitude due to diffusion limitation from lower alveolar PO2. 3) Table Q-6 tracks changes in blood gas values, ventilation, and altitude from sea level arrival to 72 hours at altitude. PaCO2 and PaO2 levels change along with pH as the body adapts to lower oxygen availability.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    11 views7 pages

    Table Q-1: Respiratory Exchange Ratio 0.8

    Uploaded by

    Nakorn Puapaiboon
    The document contains information about respiratory gas exchange at various altitudes and conditions: 1) Table Q-1 shows respiratory parameters like oxygen consumption, respiratory frequency, tidal volume, and dead space volume at sea level. 2) Figure Q-2 shows how pulmonary capillary PO2 decreases with increasing altitude due to diffusion limitation from lower alveolar PO2. 3) Table Q-6 tracks changes in blood gas values, ventilation, and altitude from sea level arrival to 72 hours at altitude. PaCO2 and PaO2 levels change along with pH as the body adapts to lower oxygen availability.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 7

    TABLE Q-1

    Respiratory exchange ratio 0.8

    Oxygen consumption 300 mL/min (STPD)

    Respiratory frequency 12 /min

    Tidal volume 580 mL

    Dead space volume 150 mL

    Altitude 0 m above sea level


    FIGURE Q-2
    PO2 in pulmonary capillaries (mmHg)
    alveolar PO2 100 sea level

    80
    dP
    slope =
    dt

    60

    alveolar PO 2 altitude
    diffusion
    limitation
    mixed venous PO 2
    40

    mixed venous PO 2 20

    0 0.25 0.50 0.75

    T in exercise Time (s) T at rest


    .edacsac 2O e
    lppus 2O gninrevog selpicnirp cigoloisyhp ehT
    a e m y b d e iduts eb nac spihs noitaler dnam e
    s e h t g n i y r a v e l i h w noitpm usnoc 2 O lam ixa
    slevel negyxo gnisaerced woh swohs 2 erugi
    heart

    a
    left

    three regions. You are to complete the second table, “Heterogeneous”, which shows the situation
    completed for you and shows the situation where the ventilation-perfusion ratio is the same in all
    You are required to complete the tables on page 5 using the V-Q line, O2 dissociation curve and
    Σ VA

    CO2 dissociation curve shown on page 6. The first table, “Homogeneous”, has already been
    ΣQ

    04 ~ 2O vP thgiR 04 ~ 2O vP
    c’

    traeH
    c̄′

    64 ~ 2OC vP 64 ~ 2OC vP
    ideal A

    sgnuL seussiT
    where the three regions have different ventilation-perfusion ratios.

    001 ~ 2O AP Q 0 4 < 2O t P
    c’c′22

    c’c′33
    c’c′11

    04 ~ 2OC AP 64 > 2OC tP


    Q
    II

    II

    II

    V 2OV
    AA11

    A2

    A3
    A2

    A3

    2O
    V V
    VA2

    VA3
    VA1

    2OC 2OC
    Q2

    001 ~ 2O aP tfeL 0 0 1 ~ aP
    2O
    04 ~ 2OC aP traeH 04 ~ 2OC aP
    Q3
    Q1

    v̄

    m/2O Lm ni 2OV _ ( ydob eht otni ekatpu negyxO 1 ERUGI


    v _ ( noitanimile edixoid nobr
    FIGURE Q-3

    s a ni rucco )nim/2OC Lm ni 2OCV


    ohcotim ot erehpsomta eht morf spets tropsnart lacigoloisyh

    heart
    right
    mm ni P( serusserp laitrap 2OC dna 2O lacipyT .seussit e
    d o o l b l a i r e t r a , ) A ( sgnul eht fo iloevla eht ni sag rof nwo
    talitnev raloevla ,AV _ .)t( seussit dna )V! ( doolb suonev-dexi
    ed era noitces siht ni desu stinu dna slobmyS .etar wolf dool
    .I elba
    FIGURE Q-4
    a

    6
    24

    5
    a
    20 v
    1
    O2 concentration (mL/100 mL)

    ·
    VO2
    16 v 2

    12 3

    8
    4

    0 20 P1 40 60 80 100 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
    P2
    PO2 (mmHg) Blood flow (mL/min/100 g)
    FIGURE Q-5i

    A
    C

    D
    E

    (West & Luks 2016)


    FIGURE Q-5ii
    100 100
    e
    Pcw PL Prs

    80 d
    75

    60

    % total lung capacity


    % vital capacity

    40 50
    c

    20

    25
    b
    0

    0
    −20 −10 0 10 20 30

    Transmural pressure (cm H20)


    TABLE Q-6

    PaCO2 PaO2 pHa pHCSF VA

    mmHg mmHg mL/min × sea level

    A. Sea level 40 100 7.40 7.33 5190 1.00

    B. Arrival 40 34 7.40 7.33 5190 1.00

    C. 8 hours 32 44 >7.40 >7.33 6480 1.25

    D. 24 hours 29 48 >>7.40 >7.33 7140 1.38

    E. 72 hours 26 52 >7.40 >7.33 7965 1.53

    > >> >

    greater than much greater than slightly greater than

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