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2011-11-30 Topic 8 Bond
2011-11-30 Topic 8 Bond
• Modeling Bond in ATENA and DIANA Stage III Stage IVb Residual Strength
1DB
• Modeling for Bond for Cyclic Applications 1PB Confinement (Friction)
Deformed Bar Splitting Failure
References for Figures Stage I Plain Bar - Pull-Out Failure
Stage IVa
● fib Bulletin No. 10, Bond of reinforcement in concrete, State-of-art report,
Pages: 434, 30 tables, 251 illustrations 0
Bar Slip, t (or s)
● Lowes, L.N., Moehle, J.P., and Govindjee, S., “Concrete-Steel Bond Model
for Use in Finite Element Modeling of Reinforced Concrete Structures, ACI
Structural Journal, V. 101, No. 4., July-August 2004
Clamping
Teflon Device
Strain Gauge
Hydraulic
Jack Confining Ring
Plan View
Long Beam Tests
Tension Pullout Tests
on Prestressing
P P
2 Strand
d SI Unit
30 bar diameter
b rule of thumb
where = reinforcement location factor, Atr f yt
= coating factor, K tr
= reinforcement size factor,
1500 sn
= lightweight aggregate concrete factor,
c = spacing or cover dimension,
Ktr = transverse reinforcement index
Code Provisions (ACI Code/Deformed Bars) Code Provisions (ACI Code/Deformed Bars)
Orangun, Jirsa and Breen (1975, 1977) ACI 318-95
The bond expressions have been reevaluated and restated in
C d Atr f yt ' terms of bar diameter.
ub 0.1 0.25 4.15 b fc
db Ld 41.52 sd b SI Unit
- empirical relationship
18d b f y (c K )
Ld tr
- 2nd term: confining influence of cover and the negative 20 f ' d b SI Unit
effects of close bar spacing on bond c
- 4th term: passive confinement influence
For standard Configuration, this equation reduces to
Simplifying this equation gives the following.
12d b f y
0.02 Ab f y Ld ( )
Ld 20 f ' SI Unit
f c' SI Unit c
Code Provisions (CEB Model Code/Def. Bars) Code Provisions (Prestressing Strand)
CEB Model Code (1990) ACI 318-02
db f y SI Unit 2
Ld Ld f ps f se d b
4 f bd 3
where
Term fbd represents the design bond stress of concrete, fps = stress in prestressed reinforcement at nominal strength
given by fse = effective stress in prestressed reinforcement after all
loss.
f bd 1 23 f td' SI Unit
AASHTO Eq. (9-32)
where n1 is a geometry factor taken as 2.25 for ribbed bars, Ld 1 / 3 f se d b ( f su* f se )d b
n2 is an orientation factor for bond (1.0 in most cases), and n3
is a bar size factor set at 1.0 for 32 mm and smaller bars. The -1st term: transfer length of strand
term f’td is the design tensile strength of concrete. - 2nd term: flexural bond length of the strand
Code Provisions (Prestressing Strand) Code Provisions (Prestressing Strand)
Transfer Length
Ld 1 / 3 f se d b ( f su* f se )d b
A transfer bond stress of 4000psi (2.76MPa) and Grade 250
strand applies to the actual perimeter of seven-wire strand,
4db/3. For equilibrium of a strand over the transfer length:
4d b
F x 0.400
3
Lt 0.725(d b / 4) f se 0
2
f se d b
Lt
3
4 f pbt d 6.4( f ps f pe )( d b )
ld 5 '
10
fc f c'
Transfer length f
60 db or pe d b 50 db or f se d b
3 3
Application CEB-FIP MC90 Eurocode2
Local bond stress- max ( s / s1 )
slip model
Ld Lt ( f su* f se )d b Basic anchorage or
Ap f pd 2
length
lb
p 1 2 3 f ctd
lb lt d 2
l b 2 6 7 8 9 10 l b As ,cal / As ,ef
lap length of bars in lo 6 8 9 10 11l b As ,cal / As ,ef
Fig. Flexural bond length recommended by ACI Committee 323 tension
Transfer length l t 12 13 14 l b pi / f pd lt 15 p p
ANCHORAGE AT PRECAST GIRDER ENDS Longitudinal Tension Reinforcement:
Longitudinal Tension Reinforcement: Demand – LRFD Demand – STM
Mu N u Vu
Aps f ps As f y
dv
0.5
V p 0.5Vs cot
Aps f ps As f y R cot θ
1600
14.7 kips/ft
Ef fective prestress 18.2 kips/ft
f pe
f px f pe
l px 60 d b f f pe 1200 21.5 kips/ft
Steel l d 60 d b ps
23.7 kips/ft
End of
member or 60d b 0
End of transfer length
f ree end of
strand l px
-400
ld Bearing
plate
-800
0 12 24 36 48 60 72
Distance From End (inch)
G8W
ANALYTICAL MODELS FOR BOND Model for Bond
Ineffective
Region
included in CEB 1990 Model Code
F F
Bond
l l Stress
s s 1
s0
s0
R Z x R=Z x 3
s, c s, c
s0
s0
s
s
S1 S2 S3 Slip
c0 c R Z x c0 R=Z x
c
• CEB-FIP model code 1990, Bigaj model, User defined law Equilibrium condition x p
where p:perimeter, A:cross-section of bar
c
A
In equilibrium, the change of stress in rebar is fully transferred
to cohesive stress.
li li 1
Discretized form A i i 1
2
p c
How to use in the program (I) How to use in the program (II)
Define the behavior model in material
How to use in the program (III) Bond behavior models in DIANA
Assign behavior model to discrete rebar DIANA contains three models
Select rebar assign properties of the bar Cubic, Power Law, and Multi-linear