( 4 ) Ex/Met/T/224/95/2011(S)

5. i) Show that the change in volume with temperature of a
fixed quantity of vapur which is in equilibrium with the
liquid phase is given by the expression.
( d V / d T ) / V = (1 − ∆ H evap / R T ) / T
BACHELOR OF METALLURGICAL ENGG. EXAMINATION, 2011
(2nd Year, 2nd Semester, Supplementary)
Thermodynamics of Materials
10

ii) The activity coefficient of Cd in liquid Cd-Zn alloys at Time : Three hours Full Marks : 100
435 0C can be represented by log γ cd = 0.185
Xzn +
2 3
0.13Xzn . Calculate the corresponding expression
Answer any five questions : -
for the composition dependence of log γ zn and hence
calculate aZn in the Xcd = 0.6 alloy at 4350C. 10
6. i) Three moles of O2 is passed over a bed of hot carbon 1. i) The heat of combustion of tungsten carbide, WC at 298K
(excess) at 950 K and 1atm pressure in a flow reactor. is-1195 KJ/mol. Determine the standard heat of formation
The exit gas, which essentially containts CO and CO2
(with negligible O2), leaves the reactor under equilibrium of WC at the same temperature, ∆ H w c , 2 9 8
with C. Find the moles and partial pressures of CO, CO2
and O2 in the exit gas. Given,

(for data, refer to Question 3.) 15

∆H = − 832 K J / m o l
o
wo 3 , 298
ii) Calculate the difference ( ∆H − ∆ U) for the reaction 6
∆H = − 394 K J / m o l
o
Co 2 , 298
3
O 3 (g) = O 2 (g)
2 ii) Show that for the change of state, 1 → 2 , for n moles of
an ideal gas
Occurring at 500C and 1atm pressure. 5
γ −S1 / C
P1V1 . e V
= P2 V2γ . e − S 2
/ CV

Where both S and CV are molar properties. 7

–––––––––x–––––––––– iii) The molar free energy of a metal at a 1atm is considered

to vary with temperature as follows :
G = 30,000 + 175 T - 25 T lnT

[ Turn Over ]
 ( 2 ) ( 3 )

Find the molar entropy S and molar heat capacity CP of pressure of 1atm, into contact with liquid A1 at 7000 C
the metal at 500 K. 7 without having either solid Al2O3 or solid AI4C3 form?
2. i) Carbon has two allotropes, graphite and diamond. At 250C Given :
and 1atm pressure, graphite is the stable form. Calculate
the pressure which must be applied to graphite at 250C
in order to bring about its transformation to diamond.
1
a)C(s) + O 2 (g) = CO (g); ∆G = − 111, 700 − 87.65TJ
0
Given,
2
H298 = H298 ) = -1900 J/mol b)C(s) + O2 (g) = CO 2 (g); ∆G = − 394,100 − 0.84T J
0
(graphite) (diamond

S298 = 5.73 J/K. mol

(graphite) 3
c)2AI(1) + O 2 (g) = AI 2O 3( s ) ; ∆G = − 1687,000 + 326.8TJ
0

S298 (diamond)
= 2.43 J/K.mol 2
ρ o
graphite,25 C
=2.22gm/cc; ρ o
diamond,25 C
=3.515 gm/cc d)4AI(1) + 3C(s) = AI4 C 3 (s); ∆G = − 265,000 + 95.1T J
0

10 12

1 4 i) Write the Ellingham reaction for the oxide M3O4. Find the
ii) For the reaction Z n ( V ) + 0 2 ( g ) = Z nO ( s )
2 relation between the standard free-energy change of the
Ellingham reaction and the standard free energy of
0
∆G = − 4 8 2 , 9 2 0 − 1 8 . 8 0 T I n T + 344.7 T J formation of M3O4.

Find ∆ H 0 , ∆ S 0, a n d ( ∆ C P ) 0 for the reaction at 1000K. Plot the standard free-energy change of the above
10 Ellinghan reaction against temperature (T), showing the
melting point of M and M3O4 each. 10
3. i) Show that for fixed mass and fixed composition systems
ii) A gas mixture of 30%CO, 10%CO2, 10%H2 and 50%N2
 ∂ Cp  ∂ V 2
(by volume) is fed to a heat treating furnace at 9270C.
a)  ∂P  = − T  ∂ T2  Calculate the equilibrium composition of the gas
 T  P (CO-CO2-H2-H2O-N2) at a total pressure of 1atm.
 ∂p  Cp 8 Given :
b) ∂V = −
 S C V Vβ H 2 (g) +
1
O (g) = H 2O ( g ) ; ∆ G 0 = − 246,000 + 5 4 . 8 T J
2 2
(For other data, refer to Question 3.) 10
ii) Is it possible to bring a CO-CO2 gas mixture, at a total
[ Turn Over ]