Maharishi

vks3e~
lR;kFkZizdk'k
mHkjrs iz'u & xjtrs mÙkj
ys[kd
vkpk;Z vfXuozr uSf"Bd
lEiknd
fo'kky vk;Z
(M.Sc. Theoretical Physics)
izdk'kd
Jh oSfnd LofLr iUFkk U;kl
¼oSfnd ,oa vk/kqfud HkkSfrd foKku ’kks/k laLFkku½
osn foKku efUnj] HkkxyHkhe] Hkhueky ftyk&tkyksj
¼jktLFkku½ fiu& 343029
f}rh; laLdj.k
lu~ 2018
Jh d`”.k tUek”Veh
Hkknzin d`”.kk v”Veh
foØe laor 2075
03 flrEcj 2018
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ewY; & 100 #- osn j{kkFkZ visf{kr lg;kssx jkf’k
izdk'kd%
Jh oSfnd LofLr iUFkk U;kl
¼oSfnd ,oa vk/kqfud HkkSfrd foKku ’kks/k laLFkku½
osn foKku efUnj] HkkxyHkhe] Hkhueky ftyk&tkyksj
¼jktLFkku½ fiu& 343029
nwjHkk”k&02969-222103, 9829148400
Email: swamiagnivrat@gmail.com
Website: www.vaidicphysics.org, www.vaidicscience.com
vuqØef.kdk
1- Hkwfedk 2
2- D;k lR;kFkZ Ádk’k gesa yfTtr Hkh djrk gS\ 06

¼d½ czãpkjh jgrs gq, _f”k us xHkkZ/kku vkfn
dk fof/k dSls fy[k fn;k\
¼[k½ /kk; dh nw/k fiykus ds fy;s fu;qfDr
¼Xk½ fu;ksx fo”k;
3- iFkHkz”Vksa dk nEHk 23
¼d½ D;k lR;kFkZÁdk’k vusd =qfV;ksa ls Hkjh
jpuk gS\
¼[k½ D;k fgUn] fgUnh o fgUnw mrus gh xzká gaS]
ftruk vk;kZorZ] vk;ZHkk”kk vkSj vk;Z
¼x½ ‘kwnz uhp ugha gS---mlds miu;u
laLdkjkfn ds fo”k; esa---
¼?k½ D;k ewfrZiwtk vkSj ekalkgkj dk osn esa
fojks/k ugha---
4- dqN vU; lEHkkfor ‘kadkvksa dk lek/kku 47

¼d½ egf”kZ n;kuUn th us lw;kZfn yksdksa esa Hkh
euq”;kfn Átk dk gksuk fy[kk gSA---
¼[k½ egf”kZ us euq”;ksa dk ;qokoLFkk esa i`Foh ls
o`{kksa ds Lkeku mRiUu gksuk fy[kk gSA---
¼Xk½ vk;ksZa ds ?kj ij ‘kwnz jlksbZ cukosa] rc eq[k
cka/kdj Ckukosa] D;ksa---
lR;kFkZizdk’k mHkjrs iz’u & xjtrs mÙkj | 1

Hkwfedk
vk;Zlekft;ksa ds fy;s lR;kFkZ Ádk’k ,d vk/kkj xzaFk gSaA vkuUn
dUn Hkxoku~ Lokeh n;kuUn }kjk fojfpr ftrus Hkh xzaFk gS] muesa
ßLkR;kFkZÁdk’k* ,d Áeq[k ,oa lkoZtuhu xzaFk gSA bl xzaFk ds iwokZ/kZ
esa e.MukRed ‘kSyh o mÙkjk/kZ esa [k.MukRed ‘kSyh ls euq”; ek=
ds fy;s vko’;d lHkh fo”k;ksa dk oSfnd vkSj vk”kZ i)fr ls Kku
fn;k gSA cgqr ls yksx Lokehth ds bl xzaFk dks i<+dj gh lR;
lukru oSfnd /keZ dh Js”Brk dks tkudj thouHkj blds
Ápkj&Álkj esa lefiZr jgsA bl xzaFkjRu us ns’k dks vusd cfynkuh
ohj fn;sA
lR;kFkZÁdk’k ds fofo/k Ádk’kdksa us vusd laLdj.k fudkys

gSa] vkSj mls vkSj Bhd ls Li”V djus ds fy;s fo’ks”k ikn
fVIif.k;ka Hkh nsrs jgsA dHkh&2 bl xzaFk dh Hkk”kk cnydj
lelkef;d djus ;k dqN Hkkx fudkydj mls brj lkEÁnkf;d
yksxksa dks ekU; cukus gsrq fopkj O;Dr fd;s x;s gSaA ;g xzaFk ds
lkFk U;k; ugha gksxkA lektoknh] loksZn;h] o.kkZJefojks/kh]
HkkSfrdoknh] ik’pkR; vkSj vk/kqfud erkuq;k;h ,oa dqN dfFkr
vk;Zlekth bR;kfn yksx bl xzaFk ds dVq vkykspd jgs gSaA ysfdu
[kqys ân; ls iwjk xzaFk i<+us ds ckn bl xzaFk ds Á’kald Hkh cgqr
ls yksx cus gSaA
dqN dfFkr vk;Zlekft;ksa }kjk vkSj brj yksxksa }kjk Hkh

lR;kFkZÁdk’k ij ‘kadk;sa vkSj vk{ksi Hkh cgqr mBk;s x;s gS aA
fofHkUu fo}kuksa }kjk dqN&2 ‘kadkvksa dk fujlu Hkh fd;k x;k gSA
ikSjkf.kd] bZlkbZ vkSj eqfLyeksa ds lkFk gq;s ‘kkL=kFkksZa essa bu vk{ksi
vkSj ‘kadkvksa ij ‘kkL=h; vkSj Álaxksfpr lÁek.k mÙkj vkSj
foospu vk;Z fo}kuksas us fn;s gSaA
fu;ksx vkSj /kk; dks uotkr cPps dks nw/k fiykus ds fy;s j[kuk
bR;kfn fo”k;kssa ij ‘kkL=h; fujlu ÁkIr gS] ysfdu rkfdZd vkSj
O;kogkfjd mÙkj vHkh Hkh pkfg;s] ,slk cgqr yksx dgrs gaSA l`f”V
2 | lR;kFkZizdk’k mHkjrs iz’u & xjtrs mÙkj

mRifÙk laca/kh ‘kadkvksa dk foKku lEer mÙkj Hkh visf{kr gSA
foKku ds tkudkj vk;Z fo}kuksa us Hkh oSfnd] vk/;kfRed]
nk’kZfud] lkekftd bR;kfn fo”k;kssa ij lkjxfHkZr mÙke lkfgR; dk
fuekZ.k fd;k gS] ysfdu osn foKku LkEcU/kh iz’uksa ij cgqr de
fy[kk gSA lw;Z esa ¼olq½ euq”;kfn Ákf.k;ksa dk gksuk rFkk Hkwfe ds
vUnj ls l`f”V ds vkfn esa ;qok ih<+h dk tUe ysuk] ,sls Á’uksa dk
lek/kku nsuk gekjs lkeus ,d cgqr cM+h leL;k gSA fu;ksx vkSj
/kk;h ds Ádj.k ij vkt ds ikfjokfjd vkSj lkekftd ifjos ’k esa
vkSfpR; fl) djuk dfBu lk gSA orZeku Hkkjrh; lkekftd ,oa
jktuSfrd O;oLFkk esa ‘kwnz o.kZ ds lanHkZ esa ckr djuk ,d Vs<+h
[khj gSA bl vkSj vU; fo}kuksa }kjk mBk;s x;h ‘kadkvksa ij mÙkj
nsus dk vkpk;Z vfXuozrth us lksspk gS] ;g le; dh ekax Hkh gSA
vkpk;Z vfXuozrth uSf”Bd] Jh oSfnd LofLr iUFkk U;kl]
HkkxyHkhe ds laLFkkid&Áeq[k vkSj vkpk;Z gSaA osnksa esa foKku ds
Lo:Ik ds vH;kld ,oa osn foKku dks vk/kqfud ik’pkR; oSKkfudksa
dks muds Lrj ij tkdj le>kus ds fy;s lefiZr O;fDr gSaA
lR;kFkZÁdk’k ds lanHkZ esa tks dqN le;&2 ij Á’u mBk;s x;s Fks]
muds vkpk;Zth us dqN ds mlh le; ßD;k lR;kFkZÁdk’k gesa
yfTtr Hkh djrk gS** ,oa ßiFkHkz”Vksa dk nEHk** uked ys[kksa ds
ek/;e ls fn;s Fks] mudk ladyu dj ,oa dqN nwljs Á’uksas ds mÙkj
Hkh gekjs fo’ks”k vkxzg ij ,d iqLrd ds :Ik esa vc Ádkf’kr
fd;s tk jgs gSaA
eSa bl laLFkk ls yxHkx 13 lky ls tqM+k gw¡] vkSj ;gk¡ ds

dk;Z ls ÁHkkfor gw¡A vkidk vHkh gky esa ,srjs; czkã.k dk
oSKkfud Hkk”; ôsnfoKku&vkyksd%* uke ls fo’kkydk; xzUFk ds :Ik
esa fo’o esa izFke ckj izdkf’kr gqvk gS] tks orZeku HkkSfrdh ds fy,
ØkfUrdkjh o vk’p;Zizn xzUFk gSA bldk foekspu ns’k ds
mijk”Vªifr Jheku~ oSads;k uk;Mw us twu 2018 esa fd;k FkkA
ßlR;kFkZÁdk’k &mHkjrs Á’u xtZrs mÙkj** iqLrd esa ewyr% 3

v/;k; gSaA

¼1½ igyk v/;k; ßD;k lR;kFkZÁdk’k gesa yfTtr Hkh djrk gS\**
bl fo”k; ds vUrxZr] fu;ksxÁFkk] /kk; dh fu;qfDr] xHkkZ/kku fof/k
bR;kfn ij foospu gSA
¼2½ nwljk v/;k; ßiFkHkz”Vksa dk nEHk** gSA lR;kFkZ Ádk’k esa
la’kks/ku] fgUn] fgUnh vkSj fgUnw dh ekU;rk] lR;kFkZÁdk’k xzaFk esa
=qfV;ka] ‘kwnz¼vukM+h½] ewfrZiwtk] ekalkgkj&’kkdkgkj bR;kfn fo”k;ksa ij
lek/kku gSaA
¼3½ rhljk v/;k; ßvU; tfVy ‘kadkvksa dk lek/kku** uked gSA

blesa&
¼d½ lw;Z esa euq”;kfn Ákf.k;ksa dk gksuk
¼[k½ l`f”V mRifÙk ds le; Ák.kh vkSj euq”;ksa dk HkwxHkZ ds [kksy esa
r#.k voLFkk esa tUe vkSj
¼x½ ‘kwnz ,oa ikd deZ ds ckjs essa fo’ks”k O;kogkfjd lek/kku gSA
;s rhuksa v/;k; eSaus i<+s gaS] vkSj rkfdZd] O;kogkfjd]

oSKkfud ‘kSyh ls ;Fkk;ksX; foospd tku iM+s gSaA _f”k n;kuUn ds
}kjk lR;kFkZÁdk’k esa euq”; ds thou fuekZ.k Ákf.kek= ds yksd
ijyksd ds vH;qn; dh Hkkouk vkSj oSfnd fl)kUrksa dk Áfriknu]
bl ij /;ku j[kdj bl iqLrd esa foospu gSA
vc rd rks ge vk;Ztu brj lEÁnk; ds Á’udrkZvksa ds

mÙkj nsrs jgs gaSA ikSjkf.kd] tSu] ckS)] bZlkbZ] bLyke] lkE;oknh
bR;kfn;ksa ls vk;Zfo}ku~ ‘kkL=kFkZ dj jgs FksA og ;qx yxrk gS] vc
lekIr lk gqvk gSA vkSj bl le; ge yksx vkil esa gh
oknfookn djus yxsA ßokns okns tk;rs rRocks/k%A** ;g Bhd gS]
ysfdu vkil esa ds vkjksi ÁR;kjksi ls rRocks/k gks ] rks Bhd gSA
blls leL;k dk lek/kku gksuk t:jh gSA ijUrq ,sls y{k.k vHkh
rd fn[kkbZ ugha ns jgsA lR;kFkZÁdk’k ds u;s mÙke laLdj.k ‘kq)
vkSj fofo/k ikn fVIif.k;ksas ls Hkjiwj gksa] rks lR;kFkZÁdk’k le>us esa
lHkh yksxksa dks cgqr ykHk gksxkA lHkh vk;Zfo}ku~ lR;kFkZÁdk’k ds
laca/k esa ;fn vius fopkj fy[kdj ,d ekU; fo}r~ lfefr dks nas]
vkSj os lPpk] lkjxfHkZr] Ákekf.kd lR;kFkZÁdk’k nsa] ;gh lHkh

vk;Ztuksa dh bPNk gSA lR;kFkZÁdk’k gekjk J)k xzaFk gS vkSj ;g
gesa es/kkoh vkSj foosdh cukrk gSA gksuk rks ;g pkfg;s fd
lR;kFkZÁdk’k ds ÁR;sd leqYykl ij vyx&2 foospukRed iqLrdsa
fuekZ.k gksaA ßbZ’oj ds 108 Ukke** fo”k;d ÁFke leqYykl ij
iqLrdsa miyC/k gSaA nwljs Hkh dqN leqYyklksa ij NksVh eksVh dqN
iqLrdsa miyC/k gSaA lHkh leqYyklksa ij mÙke Ádkj ls fo’ys”k.k dj
iqLrdsa fy[kus ls lR;kFkZÁdk’k ds fl)kUrksas dk ifjiks”k.k gksxkA
lR;kFkZÁdk’k ij gksus okys vk{ksi] Ágkj vkSj ‘kadkvksa dk fo}kuksa
}kjk l’kDr mÙkj Hkh feyrs jgus pkfg;sA lR;kFkZÁdk’k ge
vk;Zlekft;ksa dks ,d Kku;ksx tSlk gS] mlds vkyksd esa ge n`<+rk
ls vkxs c<+rs gSaA
ßlR;kFkZÁdk’k & mHkjrs Á’u xtZrs mÙkj** bl iqLrd ds

dkj.k lR;kFkZÁdk’k dh xfjek ds egRo dks vkSj mtkxj fd;k x;k
gSA vkpk;Zth us le;&2 ij oSfnd /keZ ij yksxksa ds mBk;s x;s
Á’uksa ij ;Fkk;ksX; foosdiw.kZ mÙkj fn;s gaSA Lok/;k;’khy yksxksa ds
fy;s ;fn ;s lkjs fofo/k Á’uksa ds lek/kku@mÙkj Hkh ,d iqLrd ds
:Ik esa feysaxs] rks cgqr vPNk gksxkA blls lekt dk dY;k.k
gksxkA oSls vkpk;Zth ,d cgqr cM+k y{; ysdj py jgs gSa] ftlls
vk;Z lekt ok osn ds lHkh fl)kUr Lo;a gh Áfl) gks tk;saxAs
;g iqLrd iwoZ esa tqykbZ 2011 esa izdkf’kr gqbZ Fkh] vc ;g bldk
la’kksf/kr laLdj.k gSA vk’kk gS ikBd bldk Hkh iwoZor~ Lokxr
djsaxAs
vks3e~ ‘ke~
Áks0 MkW0 olUr enulqjs ¼fo|kFkhZ½

M.Tech. Ph.D.
iwoZ Áeq[k] vikjEifjd ÅtkZ ,oa fo|qr
vfHk;kfU=dh foHkkx] ¼egkjk”Vª½
iatkcjko ns’keq[k —f”k fo|kihB] vdksyk
orZeku&JqfrlkSjHk] baftfu;lZ dkyksuh] cM+h
mejh] vdksyk

D;k lR;kFkZ Ádk’k gesa yfTtr Hkh djrk gS\
¼flrEcj 2005 esa fy[kk ys[k½
fiNys ekg vFkkZr~ vxLr 2005 esa eSa vktex<+ ,oa dk’kh ds
Áokl ij x;kA ogk¡ vk;Z lekt vktex<+ esa dbZ O;k[;ku fn;sA
vusd pqukSfr;ksa dh ppkZ dh] rHkh vk;Z lekt ds ,d fo}ku~] tks
LukrdksÙkj dkyst esa laL—r foHkkx esa mikpk;Z gSa] us rFkk ,d
vR;Ur Hkkoqd vk/;kfRed okuÁLFk fo}ku~ us esjs lEeq[k eap ij
gh rhu Á’uksa dh ,d fLyi Hkst nhA tc eSaus eap ij mudh ppkZ
dh] rks dk;ZØe ds vk;kstd esjs fe= czãpkjh Jh ujsUnz th
ftKklq us vius iwoZ fo”k; ij gh cksyus dk vkxzg djrs gq, mu
Á’uksa dk mÙkj eap ls u nsus dk vkxzg fd;kA tc eap ls vyx
gVdj eSaus mu fo}kuksa ls ppkZ dh] rks mudk dguk Fkk fd rhu
Á’u gesa gh ugha cfYd vusd cM+s&2 vk;Z fo}kuksa dks yfTtr dj
nsrs gSaA eq>s vusd O;fDr;ksa ls feyrs jgus ds dkj.k O;Lrrko’k
mudk lek/kku djus dk vodk’k ugha feykA ogk¡ ls dk’kh vk;k]
rks ogk¡ ds vk;Z lekft;ksa us cukjl fgUnw fo’ofo|ky; esa /kkrq
vfHk;kfU=dh foHkkx esa l`f”V fo”k; ij O;k[;ku vk;ksftr djk
fn;k] ftls lqudj mu dk;ZdrkZvksa us ikf.kfu dU;k egkfo|ky;
dh vkpk;kZ es/kknsoh th dks dgk fd vkt ds O;k[;ku dks lqudj
vk;Z lekt dk flj xoZ ls cgqr Å¡pk mB x;k gS vkSj Hkh vusd
ckrsa dghaA ogha ,d _f”k HkDr dk;ZdÙkkZ us eq>ls ppkZ ds nkSjku
dgk fd irk ugha vk;Z lekth _XosnkfnHkk”;Hkwfedk ds oSfnd
foKku i{k dks D;ksa Hkwy x;s gSa vkSj lR;kFkZ Ádk’k ij gh /;ku
fo’ks”k nsrs gSa] ftldh dqN ckrsa flj >qdkus okyh Hkh gSaA
eSa bl ckr ls rks lger Hkh gw¡ fd oSfnd foKku ds fo”k; esa
vk;Z lekt dh dksbZ ;kstuk ugha gSA cl ;Fkk rFkk dke py jgk
gS vkSj [k.Mu esa gh lkjh ‘kfDr yxk jgs gSaA foKku dh pqukSrh ds
lkeus csc’k gSa vkSj ml vksj /;ku Hkh ugha nsrs ,oa u ,slk djus
dk lkgl gh j[krs gSaA iqujfi eSa bl ckr ls cgqr nq%[kh o
fopfyr gqvk fd gekjs _f”k HkDr fe= esjs egku~ _f”k ds
vejxzUFk dh dqN ckrksa ls flj >qdk ysa] yTtk vuqHko djsaA esjh

n`f”V esa rks lR;kFkZ Ádk’k dh ÁR;sd ckr LokfHkeku dk lapkj
djus okyh gSA ;|fi eSa vc fdlh Ádkj ds Á’uksa ds mÙkj nsus ds
pDdj esa iM+uk ugha pkgrk ijUrq irk ugha D;ksa mu Á’uksa ls dqN
lkspus dks foo’k gqvk gw¡A os xEHkhj o yfTtr djus okys ekus
tkus okys Á’u fuEukuqlkj gSa&
1- czãpkjh jgrs gq, _f”k us xHkkZ/kku vkfn dk fof/k dSl s

fy[k fn;k\
2- /kk; dk nw/k fiykus ds fy;s /kk; dgk¡ ls yk;sa] tcfd Lo;a

dh eka ugha fiyk ldrh\ /kk; dk cPpk D;k fi;sxk\ eka
dk nw/k loksZÙke Hkkstu gS] ,slh oSKkfud ckrksa dks NksM+dj
_f”k dk eka dks nw/k cUn djus dk funZs’k mfpr ugha gS
cfYd vkifÙktud gS vkSj /kk; ds cPps ds lkFk vU;k;
Hkh gSA
3- fu;ksx dh ÁFkk o mldh odkyr djuk vuqfpr gh ugha

vfirq yTtktud Hkh gSA
fÁ; ikBdx.k! bu rhuksa gh Á’uksa ij vk;Z fo}kuksa us dbZ

‘kkL=kFkZ fd;s gSa] ys[k fy[ks gSaA ia- eulkjke th ds ôSfnd rksi*
,oa ia- cq)nso th ehjiqjh ds xzUFkksa esa budk ‘kkL=h; Áek.kksa ds
lkFk lek/kku fd;k x;k gSA ikBd —i;k buds xzUFkksa dk
voyksdu djus dk d”V djsa] rks ‘kkL=h; n`f”Vdks.k Li”V gks
tk;sxkA ^^fu.kZ; ds rV ij** esa Hkh dqN ppkZ gSA gk¡] eSa ;g
vo’; vuqHko djrk gw¡ fd tks Hkh mÙkj vc rd fn;s x;s gSa]
muesa rdZ de ‘kkL=h;rk dk lekos’k vf/kd gS] ,d xkyh ds mÙkj
esa 4 xkyh nsus dh ‘kSyh Hkh gekjs fo}kuksa esa jgh gSA tSls dksb Z
fu;ksx ij vk{ksi djs] rks gekjs fo}kuksa us mlds mÙkj esa viuh
ckr ds vkSfpR; dks fl) djus ls vf/kd ikSjkf.kd v’yhyrk dks
ysdj [kky [khapus dk dke vf/kd fd;k gSA mlls dVqrk gh c<+h
gSA gk¡] nwljs ij Ágkj djuk Hkh vko’;d gksrk gS ijUrq bl ckr
dk Hkh /;ku j[kuk pkfg, fd tks O;fDr u rks gekjs xzUFkksa dks
Áek.k ekurk gS vkSj u iqjk.kksa dks] ,sls eqfLye] bZlkbZ o ukfLrdksa
dks ikSjkf.kd v’yhyrk lqukdj gekjh ckr dSls Ákekf.kd gks
tk;sxh\ tks Lo;a O;kl _f”k] guqeku~ o ik.Moksa dks tkjksa dh
lUrku o O;fHkpkjh dgs] mls muds fu;ksxdrkZ ok fu;ksxt gksus ds
Áek.k nsus ls gekjh ckr dSls mfpr fl) gks ldrh gS\ eSa
le>rk gw¡ fd gekjs fo}kuksa us bl fcUnq ij dHkh fopkj ugha
fd;k gS vkSj u vkt Hkh dj jgs gSaA ;gh dkj.k gS fd bl Ádkj
/kk; ds nw/k ds fo”k; esa tks lqJqr ds Áek.k nsrs gSa o ,sfrgkfld
Áek.k nsrs gSa] rc vaxt
z h ifBr O;fDr lqJqr o bfrgkl nksuksa ij
O;ax dj orZeku foKku dk nEHk Hkj dj _f”k n;kuUn dks uknku
crkrk gS] ftldk mÙkj nsus ds fy, mi;ZqDr Áek.k iw.kZ dkjxj
fl) ugha gksrsA ;gh dkj.k gS fd vkt vusd fo}ku~ vk/;kfRed
iq#”k o dV~Vj _f”kHkDr Hkh bu Á’uksa ds dkj.k vius dks yfTtr
vuqHko djrs gSaA
;|fi eSa vk;Z lekt osn o Hkkjr jk”Vª ds ewy dks cpkus dk
ozr ysdj vkxs c<+ jgk gw¡] ftldh vksj gekjs vHkkxs vk;Z tuksa
dk /;ku gh ugha gSaA osn ij u;s&u;s <ax ls vkØe.k gks jgs gaS]
Åij ls gekjs fo}ku~ Lo;a vk;Z lekt ds r`rh; fu;e ij ân;
ls fo’okl ugha djrs gSaA vk/kqfud foKku us gekjh tM+ksa dks fgyk
fn;k gS] b/kj ge gSa] tks uhan gh ugha [kqy jghA okXtky esa
Jksrkvksa dks Qalkdj nku nf{k.kk ysdj gh vius drZO; dh bfr Jh
le> jgs gSaA rks dksbZ HkO; Hkouksa dks cukus dks gh y{; cuk;s gSaA
osn dks Kku&foKku dk ewy crkus okyksa dks dgha dksbZ oSKkfud
ugha iwNrk gS] fQj Hkh mikf/k/kkjh ok in ok eB/kkjh fo}kuksa ds
vgadkj dh dksbZ lhek ugha gSA
vius ?kjksa esa cSBdj nqfu;k Hkj dks rky Bksd jgs gS aA ckgj
fudydj lR;klR; dk Madk ctkus dk lkgl ugha gSA ;fn dksbZ
,slk lkspdj pyus dk Øe ÁkjEHk djrk gS] rks mls misf{kr fd;k
tkrk gSA u dksbZ lg;ksx djrk gS] dksbZ&2 rks i= fy[kdj viuh
vkReh;rk rd ugha n’kkZ ldrs gSaA tSls eSaus dksbZ u;k er iaFk
pyk fn;k gksA D;k d:a\ eSa viuksa dk O;ogkj ns[kdj {kqC/k gw¡
ijUrq feF;k iaFkksa esa fey Hkh ugha ldrk vkSj u lq/kka’kq] Jhjke
'kekZ] Hkhelsu ‘kekZ] vkpk;Z vHk;nso] Lokeh lR;kuUn cu ldrkA
nq%[kh&lq[kh blh /kj esa thuk&ejuk gSA blh dkj.k vk;ksZ a ¼vk;Z
lekft;ksa D;ksafd vk;Z rks dksbZ fcjys gh cps gSa½ dh ykt dks vkt
Hkh viuh ykt ekurk gw¡A blh dkj.k ;g lc fy[kus dks ck/; gks
jgk gw¡A
mi;ZqDr Á’uksa ds ‘kkL=h; Áek.kksa dks blfy, NksM+ jgk gw¡ fd

mUgsa ikBdksa us i<+ gh fy;k gksxkA le;kHkko ds dkj.k Áek.kksa ds
lfgr ugha fy[k ik jgkA ikBd x.k mu Áek.kksa dks esjs rdksZa ls
tksM+dj ns[krs gq, lek/kku ij fopkj djsaA
1- _f”k dks xHkkZ/kku vkfn dk fof/k dSls Kkr gqvk\

mÙkj& gj ckr dks tkuus ds fy, ÁR;{k Kku dh gh vfuok;Zrk
ugha gksrhA ;|fi ,rn~ fo”k;d osnkfn ea=ksa dks Áek.k ds :i esa
ÁLrqr fd;k tkrk gS] og Lo;a esa Ik;kZIr gSA _f”k osn] ‘kkL=ksa o
vk;qosZn vkfn xzUFkksa ds ek/;e ls ‘kjhj Kku esa fu”.kkr fo}ku~ FksA
bl dkj.k mUgsa pkjksa vkJfe;ksa ds lHkh /keZ o drZO;] jktk&Átk]
f’k”;&xq#] O;kikj] —f”k] ikd’kkyk] n’kZu] ;ksx] foKku lHkh {ks=ksa
dk iw.kZ Kku Fkk] bl dkj.k fy[k fn;kA dksbZ ;g dgsxk fd _f”k
jktk ugha Fks] rc “k”Be leqYykl dSls fy[k fn;k\ rks dksbZ dgsxk
fd _f”k us l`f”V curs rks ns[kh ugha fQj “k”Be leqYykl dSls
fy[k fn;k\ _f”k O;kikjh] fdlku] vFkZ’kkL=h Hkh ugha Fks] rks muds
fo”k; esa dSls fy[k fn;k\ ;s lc Á’u dksbZ cgqr cqf)eÙkk ds
ifjpk;d ugha gSaA _f”k rks oSls Hkh ea=nz”Vk] czãnz”Vk gksrs gSaA mUgsa
rks lHkh ykSfdd fo|kvksa dk Kku ;ksx }kjk Hkh gks ldrk gS ¼;fn
os ,slk pkgrs gSa½ rc _f”k ds bl Kku ij ‘kadk dSlh\ dksbZ vc
;g dgs fd D;k ;g vko’;d Fkk] tks v’yhy Árhr gksrk gS
mldks Hkh lkQ&2 crk fn;k] mldk mÙkj ;g gS fd foKku dks
i<+us okyk bu lcds fo”k; esa tkurk o i<+rk gh gSA ,slk i<+s
fcuk ‘kjhj ‘kkL= dk Kku dksbZ djk gh ugha ldrkA _f”k gh ,d
ek= ,sls O;fDr Fks] ftUgksaus lEiw.kZ ekuo ek= ds fy, ,d thus
dh O;oLFkk nsrs gq, eqfDr rd dk ekxZ crk;k vU;Fkk vU;
lq/kkjd gokbZ ckrksa rd lhfer jgsA i`fFkoh ij iSj j[kuk ugha
vkrk] mUgsa vkleku esa mM+us ds LoIu fn[kkrs jgsA blh dkj.k
_f”k n;kuUn lcls vuwBs gSa] egku~ gSa] egÙke gSaA ekuo dk
fuekZ.k xHkkZ/kku ls gh ÁkjEHk gksrk gS] cht oiu ls gh o`{k ds
fuekZ.k dh ÁfØ;k ÁkjEHk gks tkrh gSA ;fn cht oiu dk mfpr
fof/k o foKku u fl[kk;k tk; vkSj Qy dkVus ds yEcs&2 mins ’k
fn;s tk;sa] rc D;k os lkFkZd gksaxs\ ugha] dnkfi ughaA blh dkj.k
;FkkFkZ nz”Vk _f”k ekuo fuekZ.k dh iw.kZ ;kstuk fy;s lalkj esa vk;s
FksA fQj tc osn esa xHkkZ/kku dk mins’k gS] rc D;k n;kuUn us
,slk djds vijk/k dj fn;k\ D;k jksxh gksdj gh MkWDVj cuk
tkrk gS\ dksbZ jksxh MkWDVj ls dgs fd D;ksa vkidks dHkh ;g jksx
gqvk gS\ ;fn ugha] rks eq>s D;k nok crk ldrs gks \ ,slk jksxh
fuf’pr gh uknku dgyk;sxkA jksx dh nok crkus ds fy, jksxh
cuuk vko’;d ugha cfYd jksxfo”k;d ‘kkL= dk Kku gksuk
vko’;d gSA blh Ádkj loZ’kkL=K n;kuUn us x`gLFk /keZ dk
mins’k yksdfgrkFkZ fd;k gS] tks u dsoy mfpr gS vfirq vko’;d
Hkh gSA
2- /kk; ds fo”k; esa&

;gk¡ _f”k ds opu gSa& ^^Álwrk dk nw/k 6 fnu rd ckyd dks
fiykos Ik’pkr~ /kk;h fiyk;k djs ijUrq /kk;h dks mÙke inkFkksZa
dk [kku iku ekrk firk djkosaA tks dksbZ nfjnz gks] /kk;h dks u
j[k ldsa] os xk; ;k cdjh ds nw/k esa mÙke vkS”kf/k cy]
ijkØe] vkjksX; djus gkjh gksa] mudks ‘kq) ty esa fHktk]
vkSVk] Nku ds nw/k ds leku ty feyk ds ckyd dks fiykosaA
tUe ds Ik’pkr~ ckyd vkSj mldh ekrk dks nwljs LFkku] tgk¡
dk ok;q ‘kq) gks] ogk¡ j[ksa] lqxU/k rFkk n’kZuh; inkFkZ Hkh j[ksa
vkSj ml ns’k esa Hkze.k djkuk mfpr gS fd tgk¡ dk ok;q ‘kq)
gks vkSj /kk;h] xk;] cdjh vkfn dk nw/k u fey lds] ogk¡
tSlk mfpr le>sa] oSlk djsa D;ksafd Álwrk L=h ds ‘kjhj ds
va’k ls ckyd dk ‘kjhj gksrk gS] blh ls L=h Álo ds le;
fucZy gks tkrh gS] blfy, Álwrk L=h dk nw/k u fiykosaA nw/k
jksdus ds fy, Lru ds fNnz ij ml vks”kf/k dk ysi djsa]
ftlls nw/k lzkfor u gksA ,slk djus ls nwljs eghus esa gh
Álwrk iqujfi ;qorh gks tkrh gSA rc rd iq#”k czãp;Z ls oh;Z
dk fuxzg j[ksA bl Ádkj tks L=h iq#”k djsaxs] muds mÙke
lUrku] nh?kkZ;q] cy] ijkØe dh o`f) gksrh jgsxh] ftlls lc
lUrku mÙke cy] ijkØe ;qDr] nh?kkZ;q rFkk /kkfeZd gksaA**------
----------- ¼l- Á- f}rh; leqYykl½
^^tks ckyd nw/k ihuk pkgs] rks mldh ekrk fiykosA tks mldh
ekrk dks nw/k u gks] rks fdlh L=h dh ijh{kk djds mldk nw/k
fiykosA---------- 6 fnu rd ekrk dk nw/k ihos vkSj L=h Hkh
viuh ‘kjhj dh iqf”V vFkkZr~ vusd Ádkj dss mÙke Hkkstu djsa
----------- NBs fnu L=h ckgj fudys vkSj lUrku ds nw/k ds
fy, dksbZ /kk; j[ksA mldks [kku iku vPNk djkosa A og lUrku
dks nw/k fiyk;k djs vkSj ikyu Hkh djs ijUrq mldh ekrk
yM+ds ij iw.kZ n`f”V j[ks -------------** ¼l- Á- prqFkZ
leqYykl ¼f}rh; laLdj.k½
_f”k okD;ksa ij fopkj& ;gk¡ _f”k ds lEiw.kZ fopkjksa dks

i<+dj fuEu ckrsa Li”V gksrh gSa&
1- 6 fnu rd ekrk gh nw/k fiyk;s] ;fn mlds nw/k gS] rksA

;g ,d vfuok;Z O;oLFkk gSA
2- Ekkrk ds nw/k u vkus ij ÁkjEHk ls gh /kk;h dh O;oLFkk gks
vkSj ;fn eka ds nw/k vkrk gS] rc Hkh 6 fnu Ik’pkr~ /kk;h
dh O;oLFkk gks rFkk ekrk vkrs gq, nw/k dks cUn dj nsA
3- ;fn ekrk firk fu/kZu gS]a rks /kk;h ds LFkku ij xk;] cdjh
vkfn dh O;oLFkk djsa ijUrq ml nw/k esa fofHkUu mÙkeksÙke
vkS”kf/k;ksa dk lfEeJ.k djds nw/k dks eka ds nw/k ds leku
mi;ksxh cuk dj gh dke esa fy;k tk;sA
4- ftl /kk;h dks nw/k fiykus ds fufeÙk j[kk tk,] mldh Hkh
ijh{kk djsA
5- /kk;h dks mÙkeksÙke Hkkstu djk;k tk,] ftlls nw/k dh ek=k
,oa xq.koÙkk nksuksa esa o`f) gksA
bu ckrksa ij fopkj djus ls rhu ckrsa lkeus vkrh gSa &
1- cPPkk gj fLFkfr esa LoLFk] laLdkfjr ,oa cyoku~ cusA os

l|% Álwrk ekrk ds ihys xk<+s nw/k dks vusd foVkfeUl ds
lkFk ,.Vh&ck;ksfVDl dk Hk.Mkj Hkh ekurs gSa] ftlls cPps
dh jksx Áfrjks/kd {kerk c<+rh gS] blh dkj.k gh _f”k us
/kk;h j[kus dk fo/kku 6 fnu ckn gh fd;k gSA brus fnu
dk nw/k gh fof’k”V xq.kksa okyk gksrk gS] ,slh gh fLFkfr
Ik’kqvksa esa Hkh gksrh gSA mlds ckn nw/k lkekU; gksrk tkrk
gS] rc gh /kk;h dh O;oLFkk djus dks dgk gSA ,slk ugha
dgk fd Álo ds rRdky ckn gh /kk;h j[k ys tcfd ml
le; vkSj Hkh nqcZyrk gksrh gSA blls Li”V gS fd os ml
nw/k ds egRo dks le>rs gSaA bl dkj.k mlls cPps dks
oafpr ugha djuk pkgrs] ,slk nw/k /kk;h ds ikl ugha gks
ldrkA 6&7 fnu Ik’pkr~ /kk;h vkSj eka ds nw/k esa fo’ks”k
Hksn ugha gksrkA bl dkj.k eka ds nw/k ds oSf’k”V~; dk ykHk
Hkh cPps dks fey x;k vkSj ekuo ds fy, ekuo dk nw/k
gh loksZÙke gS] bl dkj.k /kk;h dh O;oLFkk djus dks dgk]
D;ksafd og Hkh eka gSA ;fn og miyC/k u gks lds] rks
cdjh ok xk; ds nw/k esa vks”kf/k dks feykdj xq.k;qDr
cukdj gh nsus dks dgk vFkkZr~ cPps ds LokLF;] laLdkj
vkfn dk iw.kZ /;ku j[kk x;k gSA
2- cPps ds lkFk _f”k dk /;ku ml ekrk ds LokLF; ij Hkh

tkrk gS] tks l|% Álo ds dkj.k vfr nqcZy gks x;h gSA
;g lHkh Lohdkjsaxs fd Álo ls vR;f/kd nqcZyrk vk tkrh
gSA ml ij Hkh cPpk cjkcj nw/k ihrk jgs ] rks nqcZyrk nwj
gksus esa vfr foyEc gksxkA fQj _f”k ds f}rh; leqYykl
okys vfUre okD;ksa ij fo’ks”k /;ku nsa] rks Kkr gksrk gS fd
_f”k ;g Hkh fopkjrs gSa fd ;fn mlh nqcZyrk esa iqu%
xHkkZ/kku dj fn;k] rks vkus okyh lUrku Hkh ekrk ds lkFk
vfr nqcZy gks tk;sxhA _f”k us prqFkZ leqYykl esa mi;qZDr
okD;ksa ds dqN Åij fy[kk gS fd xHkZ /kkj.k ds mijkUr ,d
o”kZ rd ifr ifRu dk ‘kkjhfjd lEidZ ugha gksuk pkfg,A os
;g Hkh Hkkouk j[krs gSa fd xHkkZ/kku djrs le; ifr ifRu
nksuksa ds ‘kjhj esa cy ijkØe dh iw.kZrk gksuh pkfg,A blh
dkj.k xHkkZ/kku ls iwoZ Hkh nksuksa ds mÙke [kkuiku dh
O;oLFkk vko’;d crk;h gS] rc vxyh lUrku ds fy,
Álwrk dh nqcZyrk dks dSls mi;qDr eku ldrs gSa \ bl
dkj.k mudk y{; ;g Hkh gS fd ,d vksj ÁFke lUrku
cyoku~ o fujksxh gks] rks nwljh vksj Álwrk Hkh ;Fkk’kh?kz
iw.kZ LoLFk ,oa cyorh gks] ftlls xHkkZ/kku gks Hkh tk;s] rks
Hkh eka o vxyh lUrku dk LokLF; vPNk gh jgsA os
vktdy viuk;s tkus okys —f=e fujks/kdksa ds Á;ksx djus
dh lykg nsdj nksuksa dks LoPNUn Hkksxh cukuk ugha pkgrs
cfYd gj txg czãp;Z o cy ds egÙo dks n’kkZrs gSaA blh
dkj.k nqcZy Álwrk dks nw/k u fiykus dh lykg nsrs gSa
D;ksafd mudk mÌs’; ekrk dks iqu% cyorh cukuk gS] u fd
ekrk dks mlds cPps ds ykyu&ikyu ls nwj djuk] vU;Fkk
os /kk;h ds }kjk fd;s x;s ikyu ij iw.kZ n`f”V j[kus dk
funsZ’k D;ksa nsrs\ blls ;g Hkh ladsr feyrk gS fd tc
ekrk iqu% ;qorh gks tk;s] rks ftl Ádkj vks”kf/k Á;ksx ls
nw/k dk lzo.k jksdk x;k FkkA mlh Ádkj vU; vkS”kf/k;ksa ds
Á;ksx ls nw/k lzo.k iqu% ÁkjEHk djds fiyk;k Hkh tk ldrk
gS D;ksafd ml fLFkfr esa ekrk ds Álwrk gksus dk d”V o
nqcZyrk dk dkj.k lekIr gqvkA ^^dkj.kkHkkokRdk;kZHkko%**
vFkkZr~ dkj.k feVk] rks dk;Z Hkh feV tkuk pkfg,A ;|fi
;g ckr _f”k ds okD;ksa ls ÁR;{kr% Árhr ugha gksrh ijUrq
foKtu mudh Hkkouk dks tkudj esjk ;g er vo’; gh
_f”k ds eUrO; ds vuqdwy gh ekusaxAs
_f”k us /kk;h dh ijh{kk dh ckr Hkh dgh gSA ;g

ijh{kk dSlh gksxh] ;g Li”V ugha gSA gk¡] ge vuqeku dj
ldrs gSa fd /kk;h mÙke xq.k] deZ] LoHkko okyh rFkk iw.kZ
LoLFk gksuh ;ksX; gSA rc ;g dk;Z ifjokj dh vU; ekrk;sa
ftuds cPps dqN cM+s gks x;s gSa vkSj nw/k Ik;kZIr vkrk gS]
lgt rFkk mrus dky rd dj ldrh gSa] tc rd Álwrk
iw.kZ LoLFk vkSj cyorh u gks tk;sA mlds ckn og vius
cPps dks Lo;a lEHkky ys] fuf’pr gh og /kk; mÙke dqy
okyh laLdkfjr gh gksxh vkSj ogh cPps dk iw.kZ fgr djus
esa l{ke Hkh gksxhA lk/kkj.k vui<+] laLdkjghu o nqcZyk
L=h /kk; dh ;ksX;rk ugha j[ksxhA

3- ekrk o cPps ds fgr dks lk/kus ds Ik’pkr~ /kk; ds fgr esa
Hkh _f”k lksprs gSa&
tks fu/kZu gksa] /kk; u j[k ldas] rks xk;&cdjh ds nw/k ds

Á;ksx dh O;oLFkk gSA blls fl) gksrk gS fd /kk; ds nw/k ds cnys
esa /kukfn fn;k tk;sxk] ftlls mlds ifjokj dks Hkj.k&iks”k.k esa
lgk;rk feysxhA blls fl) gS fd fu/kZu ijUrq xq.korh] cyorh
fL=;ka Hkh /kk; dk dke dj ldrh gSa] ftlls mudk ;g dk;Z ,d
O;olk; ds leku gks tk;sxkA /kk; D;ksafd l|% Álwrk ugha gS] bl
dkj.k nw/k fiykus ls mlds LokLF; dks dksbZ ladV mRiUu ugha
gksxkA mlds mÙkeksÙke Hkkstu dh O;oLFkk Hkh djuh gS] ftlls
mlds rFkk mlds vius cPps ds LokLF; ij Hkh foijhr ÁHkko ugha
gksus ikosA dksbZ dgs fd Álwrk vius cPps dks Hkh nw/k ugha fiyk
ldrh tcfd /kk; nksuksa cPpksa dk ikyu djs] D;k ;g mlds vius
cPps ds lkFk ?kksj vU;k; ugha gS\ D;k ;g fu/kZuksa dk ‘kks”k.k ugha
gS\ eSa iwNrk gw¡ fd Álo dh nqcZyrk dh miek nw/kkfn fiykus ls
mRiUu nqcZyrk ls ugha dh tk ldrhA fQj ;g vLFkk;h O;oLFkk
gSA tks bl ckr ij gk;&rksck epkrs gSa] os Lo;a vius {ks= esa D;k
;gh lc O;ogkj ugha dj jgs gksrs gSa\ D;k bl Ádkj ds O;ogkj
ds fcuk lekt O;oLFkk dHkh py ldrh gS\ ,d /kuh O;fDr
fu/kZu fjD’ks okys ds fjD’ks esa Nk;k esa cSBdj vkjke ls tkrk gS
rks nwljk euq”; ¼fjD’kk okyk½ ml /kuh dks iSls ds cnys /kwi] o”kkZ]
lnhZ esa iSjksa ls [khapus dk dfBu Je djrk gSA fjD’ks okys dk
cPpk vius firk dh ;g fLFkfr ns[kdj nq%[kh gksrk gS] m/kj
/kuoku~ dk cPpk ets ls firk ls xIisa yM+krk tkrk gSA ,d /kuh
fdlh xjhc ls etnwjh djkrk gS] QkoM+k pyokrk gS] fdlku [ksrh
esa ilhuk cgkrk gS] /kuh ,-lh- caxyksa esa cSBs gSaA mldks ;k fdlh
MkDVj] odhy] bUthfu;j dks ,d fnu Hkh ,sls dfBu dk;Z esa yxk
fn;k tk;s] rks ‘kjhj ;k=k gh lekIr djds py clsA rc D;k ;g
lc lekt O;oLFkk dh vfuok;Zrk;sa ugha gSa\ ;fn fjD’ks okys
etnwj vkfn ls dke gh u djok;k tk;s ] rks mudk ikyu dkSu
djsxk\ ;fn cSBs&2 gh mUgsa [kkus dks fn;k tk;s] rks D;k
iq#”kkFkZghurk ls mudk ok lekt dk Hkyk gks ldsxk\ gk¡] mudks
muds iq#”kkFkZ dk /kuh yksx iw.kZ ewY; u nsa] ‘kks”k.k djsa] rc vo’;
gh ?kksj iki o vU;k; gSA mlds lkFk iw.kZ ekuoh; Áseiw.kZ O;ogkj
djrs gq, iw.kZ:is.k /kukfn dh O;oLFkk djsa] rks lEiw.kZ lekt lq[kh
jgsxkA blh Ádkj _f”k us /kk; dk deZ djus okyh ekrkvksa ds
ifjokjksa ds fy, Hkh /;ku j[kk gS] lkFk gh /kk; ds LokLF; ij
dksbZ nq”ÁHkko u iM+s] mlds cPps ds fy, Hkh nw/k miyC/k gks] blls
mls mÙkeksÙke Hkkstu Lo;a /kk; j[kus okykas ds gkFk ls djkus dk
fo/kku fd;k gSA mUgksaus ;g ugha dgk fd mls ek= /ku gh ns nsaA
ftlls og vius ?kj ij mÙke Hkkstu dj ldsA D;ksafd os bl
euksfoKku ls Hkh ifjfpr gSa fd lEHkor% og ?kj ij /ku gh ,d=
djrh jgs vkSj Lo;a mfpr o Ik;kZIr [kku&iku ugha j[ks] ftlls
mldk rFkk nksuksa cPpksa dk LokLF; fxj tk;sA bl dkj.k mlds
lkFk vU;k; okyh ckr ;gk¡ ugha ekuh tk ldrh vkSj ;g mldk
O;olk; Hkh gSA rc mls ;g lc djds viuh thfodk pykuh gh
gSA blfy, ftl Ádkj etnwj ls etnwjh djkuk rc rd vU;k;
ugha gS] tc rd mldks Ik;kZIr etnwjh nh tkrh jgsA blh Ádkj
/kk;h dks fcuk mfpr /ku o Hkkstu ds /kk; dk dke ysuk fuf’pr
gh vU;k; gksxk ijUrq ,slk ;gk¡ ugha gSA dksbZ dgs fd nw/k fiykuk
vyx ckr gS etnwjh djkuk vyx ckr gSA ,slk dgus okys ls /kwi
eas iRFkj rqM+okuk pkfg, vFkok fjD’ks esa 4&5 lokjh fcBkdj
T;s”B dh nqigjh esa fjD’kk f[kapokuk pkfg,] fQj iwNuk pkfg, fd
;g dke nw/k fiykus ls ljy gS ok dfBu\ oLrqr% ,slh lksp
lkE;oknh fopkjksa ds ÁHkko dk ifj.kke gS] tks etnwjksa dks
HkM+dkdj /kfu;ksa ds fo#) la?k”kZ dks gh lekt dk U;k; ekurs gSa]
tcfd os Lo;a ,-lh- caxyksa esa jgdj vR;Yi osru ij vius
?kjsyw ukSdjksa dk ‘kks”k.k dj jgs gksrs gSaA xjhc&vehj] czkã.k]
{kf=;] oS’; o ‘kwnz lc lalkj esa gSaA dekZuqlkj O;oLFkk
ijekRek/khu gSA gk¡] ekuo dks viuh rjQ ls ‘kks”k.k u djds
lcds Áfr fo’ks”kdj nq%f[k;ksa ds Áfr d#.kk dk Hkko j[kuk pkfg,
vkSj nq%f[k;ksa dks pkfg, fd os /kuh yksxksa dks ns[kdj }s”k] bZ”;kZ o
fojks/k dk Hkko u j[kdj ÁlUurk dk Hkko j[ksa] rHkh lekt esa
lq[k ‘kkfUr jg ldrh gSA lHkh ds leku deZ gh ugha] rc Qy
dSls lcdks cjkcj fey ldrk gS\ tho deZ esa LorU= gS] rc
mls leku fd;k Hkh dSls tk ldrk gS\

gk¡] bruk rks /;krO; gS fd /kk; Álwrk ugha gks] D;ksafd ,slh
fLFkfr esa mlds lkFk U;k; ugha gksxkA mldk cPpk dqN cM+k gksdj
mldk vUuÁk’kukfn Hkh gks pqdk gks vFkok de ls de iw.kZ LoLFk
,oa cyorh gks] rks vo’; mlds lkFk U;k; gksxk vkSj mldk o
mlds ifjokj dk Hkyk gksxk vkSj l|% Álwrk o uotkr cPps dk
Hkh dY;k.k gksxkA nksuksa esa ijLij lg;ksx] lgdkj] Áse dk Hkko
gksxkA lekt esa ,djlrk o ,drk dk lq[kn Hkko vk;sxkA
4- fu;ksx fo”k;& bl fo”k; ij fopkj djus ls iwoZ gesa _f”k

ds mu&2 eUrO;ksa ij fo’ks”k /;ku nsuk pkfg,] tks
ftrsfUnz;rk dks vfr vko’;d ekurs gSaA loZÁFke rks egf”kZ
n;kuUn th dh ekU;rk ;g gS fd tks ;qod ok ;qorh
ftrsfUnz; jg ldsa rFkk jk”Vª o lekt dk fo’ks”k fgr djuk
pkgsa] os fookg gh u djsa ijUrq ,slk ladYi djus okyksa dks
lpsr Hkh djrs gSa fd ;g dke iw.kZ fo|k okys ftrsfUnz;
vkSj funksZ”k ;ksxh L=h vkSj iq#”k dk gSA ;g cM+k dfBu
dke gS fd tks dke ds osx dks Fkke dj bfUnz;ksa dks vius
o’k esa j[kuk] ijUrq mudh Hkkouk vo’; ;g gS fd tks
,slk dj ldrs gSa] os vo’; djsa ¼ns[ksa& lR;kFkZ Ádk’k]
r`rh; leqYykl ,oa laL—r okD; Ácks/k½ bl Ádkj dh
rS;kjh ds fy, vFkok oSfnd fopkjkuqdwy x`gLFk cuus ds
fy, os muds ekrk&firk }kjk xHkkZ/kku ls gh rS;kjh
vko’;d ekurs gSaA os f’k{kk fo”k; dks ÁkjEHk djrs gq,]
f}rh; leqYykl dks vkjEHk djrs gq, ,d vk”kZ opu dks
mn~/k`r djrs gSa& ^êkrèku~ firèku~ vkpk;Zoku~ iq#”kks osn**
vFkkZr~ ekrk&firk o vkpk;Z dks vPNk f’k{kd gksuk pkfg,]
rHkh lUrku mÙke gksxhA ml leqYykl ds iwoZ ÁFke
leqYykl esa loksZÙke Kku ijes’oj ds Kku dh fo’kn ppkZ
ls djrs gSaA ,d lkS ukeksa dh O;k[;k ls bZ’oj ds Lo:i
dk og xkxj esa lkxj Hkjk gS] tks vU;= dgha Hkh ,d
lkFk feyuk lEHko ‘kk;n ugha gks ldsA brus Kkuh iq#”k ds
fy, Hkh ÁFke fookg dh ;ksX;rk fu/kkZfjr djrs gq, prqFkZ
leqYykl esa Hkxon~ euq egkjkt dks mn~/k`r fd;k gSA

osnku/khR; osnkS ok osna okfi ;FkkØee~A
vfoyqIr czãp;ksZ x`gLFkkJeekfo’ksr~AA
vFkkZr~ tks iw.kZ v[k.M czãp;Z dk ikyu djrs gq, vFkkZr~
LoIu esa Hkh oh;Z L[kyu u gqvk gks] ,slh iw.kZ ftrsfUnz;rk ;qDr
iq#”k ok L=h us pkjksa osn] rhu] nks ok de ls de ,d osn dk
lkaxksikax v/;;u ugha fd;k gks] mls x`gLFk cuus dk gh
vf/kdkj ughaA vFkkZr~ ÁFke rks iw.kZ ftrsfUnz; o ijksidkjh
fookg gh u djsa vkSj ;fn djsa Hkh] rks mi;ZqDr ;ksX;rk
vfuok;Z gSA bl Ádkj ds ekrk firk xHkkZ/kku ls iwoZ] e/;
vkSj Ik’pkr~ ‘kkfUr] vkjksX;] cy] cqf)] ijkØe vkSj lq’khyrk
ls lH;rk dks ÁkIr djsa] oSls ?k`r] nqX/k] fe”V] vUuiku vkfn
Js”B inkFkksZa dk lsou djsa] ftlls jtoh;Z Hkh nks”kksa ls jfgr
gksdj xq.k;qDr gksA blds iwoZ iBu dky esa v”V eSFkquksa ls iw.kZ
i`Fkd~ jgsaA rnqijkUr cykfn ls ;qDr L=h iq#”k xHkkZ/kku
fof/kiwoZd djsa rFkk xHkZ Bgjus ls ,d o”kZ Ik;ZUr ijLij dHkh
‘kkjhfjd lEidZ ugha djsaA _f”k dk dFku ;g gS fd euq”; iw.kZ
_rqxkeh gksA bl fo”k; esa Ik’kq Hkh gekjs vkn’kZ gks ldrs gSa]
tks fcuk _rq dky ds eknk ds ikl tkrs rd ugha gSaA _f”k
dk eUrO; ;g gS fd lUrkuksRiknu gsrq gh ‘kkjhfjd lEcU/k
gksosA tc lUrku dh bPNk ugha gks] rks dHkh ‘kkjhfjd lEcU/k
djs gh ughaA ftu euq ds bl okD; ij yksx migkl dj
ldrs gSa fd vf/kdre 10 lUrku rd mRiUu djsa] os ;g Hkwy
tkrs gSa fd ftUgksaus ?k`f.kr lUrfr fujks/kdksa }kjk lkjs thou
LosPNkpkfjrk esa lkjs fjdkMZ rksM+ j[ks gSa vkSj ^^ge nks gekjs
nks** dks vkn’kZ eku fn[kkos esa la;eh curs gSaA D;k fdlh i’kq
dks ,slk djrs fdlh us ns[kk gS\ os Hkyk mu euq ¼tks dgrs gSa
fd thou esa vf/kdre 10 ckj gh ‘kkjhfjd lEcU/k j[kksA½ ij
D;k O;aX; dj ldrs gSa\ gS dksbZ euq fojks/kh tks ,slh vf/kdre
O;oLFkk esa Hkh jg ldrk gS\ vFkkZr~ vius thou dky esas ek=
nl ckj gh ‘kkjhfjd lEca/k j[kus dk la;e fn[kk ldrk gS\

vc ge fu;ksx O;oLFkk ij vkrs gSaA ;gk¡ rd fy[kus dk
Hkko ;g gS fd _f”k dk Lrj vR;qPp dksfV dk FkkA muds Lrj
rd lkspus dk efLr”d o fpÙk gh vkt ds Js”Bre dgkus
okys euq”;ksa esa Hkh ugha gSA tks mÌs’; fookfgr L=h iq#”kksa ds
‘kkjhfjd la;ksx dk gksrk gS] ogh mÌs’; fu;ksx dk Hkh gksrk gSA
dsoy vUrj ;g gS fd fu;ksx vLFkk;h o vkikr~&dky dh
O;oLFkk gS] tcfd fookg dk mÌs’; u dsoy lUrkuksRifÙk gS
vfirq lekt dks ,d O;ofLFkr o Js”B :i nsuk Hkh gS vkSj
;g vkthou LFkk;h O;oLFkk gSA nksuksa gh O;oLFkkvksa ij
lkekftd vuqefr dh eqgj yxkuk vfuok;Z gSA blds fcuk
nksuksa gh O;oLFkk O;fHkpkj dh Js.kh esa vk tkrh gSaA ;gk¡ eSa
bldh iqf”V esa osnkfn ds Áek.k ugha nwaxk D;ksafd voSfndksa dks
mlls D;k feysxk\ vkSj dqN oSfnd mlds vFkksZa dks Hkh cnyus
dk nq%lkgl dj ldrs gSaA eSa ;gk¡ u dksbZ ,sfrgkfld Áek.k gh
nwaxk D;ksafd vkt ik’pkR; f’k{kk ds nkl O;kl] ok;qnso] bUnz]
/keZnso vkfn dks O;fHkpkjh dgus esa D;ksa ladksp djsaxs\ bl
dkj.k eSa dsoy lk/kkj.k rdksZa dk Á;ksx dj jgk gw¡A iqufoZokg
fdldk gks o fdldk ugha] ;g fo”k; Hkyh Ádkj igys lR;kFkZ
Ádk’k esa i<+ fy;k tk;A fQj fu;ksx dc o D;ksa fd;k tk;]
ml oSpkfjd ifjiDork o mPpRo ds Lrj rd igqap dj i<+k
tk;] rc vusd Á’uksa dk lek/kku ogha gks tk;sxkA eSa lR;kFkZ
Ádk’k ds lHkh rdksZa dks ;gk¡ mn~/k`r dj fi”Vis”k.k djds ys[k
dks O;FkZ c<+kuk ugha pkgrkA _f”k rks O;fHkpkj ok dqdeZ jksdus
dk mik; fy[krs gSa& ^^bl O;fHkpkj vkSj dqd eZ ds jksdus dk
,d ;gh Js”B mik; gS fd tks ftrsfUnz; jg ldsa fookg ok
fu;ksx Hkh u djsa] rks Bhd gS ijUrq tks ,sls ugha gS mudk
fookg vkSj vkiRdky esa fu;ksx vo’; gksuk pkfg,A fo/kok ok
fo/kqj dks mlh vkikr~ dky esa fu;ksx dh Ásj.kk djrs gSa] tc
mudks lUrku dh bPNk gks vFkok ftl fo/kqj ok fo/kok ls
czãpkjh u jgk tk ldsA blls muds dke dk Qy ;g gksxk
fd lUrku Hkh ÁkIr gks tk;sxh] D;ksafd _f”k fcuk lUrku dh
bPNk ds cht O;FkZ Qsaduk O;fHkpkj o iki ekurs gSaA mudk
ekuuk mlh Ádkj ;FkkFkZ gS] ftl Ádkj dksbZ fdlku lqUnj
cht dks ;wa gh Ålj esa fc[kjus dks gh fdlku dk /keZ eku ys
vkSj Qy ,d Hkh ÁkIr u gks lds vkSj u Qy ikus dh bPNk
gh djrk gksA ,sls fdlku dks egkew[kZ gh ekuk tk;sxkA ijUrq
tks cht Qasdus esa gh vkuUn eku jgs gksa] mudks D;k le>k;k
tk;\ ogh n’kk mudh gS] tks lEiw.kZ thou Hkksx rks djuk
pkgrs gSa ijUrq lUrku gksus ls ,slk Mjrs gSa] tSls Hk;adj ukx
dks Nwus ls yksx Mjrs gSaA os ?kksj vÁk—frd gksrs gq, Hkh loZFkk
Ák—frd bZ’ojh; O;oLFkk ds ikyu dks iki ekurs gSa vkSj Lo;a
lkjs thou ifr ok ifRu O;fHkpkj esa jr gSa] os Lo;a dks
laLdkjoku~ x`gLFk ekurs gSa vkSj _f”k;ksa dks ikih Bgjkrs gSaA
;fn dksbZ dgs fd D;k vkt dksbZ _f”kHkDr dgkus okyk viuh
ifRu] iq=h] Hkfxuh dk fdlh ls vkifÙkdky esa Hkh fu;ksx
djkuk pkgsxk vFkok D;k dksbZ ekbZ dk yky viuh cM+h HkkHkh
ok NksVh HkkHkh ls vkifÙkdky esa fu;ksx djsxk\ ;fn ,slk djsxk
rks fuf’pr gh egkikih o nq”V dgyk;sxk vkSj eSa Hkh bls
Lohdkj djrk gw¡ fd orZeku ns’k dky ifjfLFkfr esa ,slk gh
dguk mi;qDr gksxkA rc dksbZ dgsxk fd fQj D;ksa eSa _f”k
ÁksDr ok osnksDr fu;ksx O;oLFkk dh odkyr dj jgk gw¡\ D;ksa
ugha eSa Hkh dqN vk;ksZ dh Hkkafr nch tqcku ls bls lR;kFkZ
Ádk’k] osn ok Hkkjrh; bfrgkl dk ,d dyad eku ywaA ugha]
eSa ,slk dnkfi ugha dj ldrk ijUrq eSa orZeku esa bl ijEijk
dks mfpr Hkh dnkfi ugha eku ldrkA gk¡] fl)kUrr% fu;ksx
Js”B vkin~ /keZ gSA dksbZ iwNs fd vkt D;ksa bl /keZ dks v/keZ
crkrs gq, orZeku esa ,slk djus dks iki cryk jgs gSa\ bldk
dkj.k eSa crykuk pkgw¡xkA loZÁFke ;g tku ysuk pkfg, fd
dqN O;oLFkk,a ns’k dky ifjfLFkfr ds vuqlkj ifjofrZr Hkh gks
tk;k djrh gSa] Hkys gh os fdruh Hkh Js”B o fgrdkfj.kh D;ksa
u gksa\ tks dk;Z gseUr _rq esa dj.kh; gks ldrk gS] ogh dk;Z
xzh”e _rq esa vdj.kh; gksxkA dksbZ dk;Z /kzqo Áns’k esa dj.kh;]
ogha dk;Z Hkwe/; js[kh; m”.k Áns’kksa esa gkfudj gks ldrk gSA
dksbZ dk;Z cPps ds fy, dj.kh;] ogh ;qodksa o o`)ksa ds fy,
vdj.kh; gks ldrk gSA blds mnkgj.k nsuk eSa vko’;d ugha
ekurk D;ksafd ;g Ák;% lHkh Ácq) ikBd tku ldrs gSaA
Ákphu dky esa unh ds rhj ij] ou esa] ioZr ij la/;k djus]
ouHkze.k o fuokl dks okuÁLFk o laU;klh dk /keZ crk;k gS
ijUrq vkt ou gSa gh ugha vkSj dgha gSa rks mu vf/kla[; ouksa
esa daVhyh >kfM+;ka] tyfoghurk ok nwf”kr ty dh gh
fo|ekurk] ePNj vkfn dk ?kksj Ádksi] dUn ewy Qyksa dk
Ák;% vHkko] rks dgha Hkko gS rks ou foHkkx dk igjkA ,sls esa
^^xaxkrhjs fgefxfjf’kyk----** dks O;ogkj esa ykuk dksbZ lgt
dk;Z ugha gS vkSj u ;g vko’;d gh gS] rc gesa blds ,sl s
fodYi [kkstus iM+saxs] tgk¡ lk/kuk esa fo?u Hkh u gks vkSj ou
tSlh ‘kkfUr] ljyrk] Ák—frd thou ?kj ok vkJeksa esa gh
miyC/k gksA ftl dky esa ;g lc fy[kk x;k] ml dky esa
Ák—frd okrkoj.k] lkekftd O;oLFkk ,oa jkt/keZ Hkh rnuqdwy
gh FkkA jke jkT; esa ePNj] liZ vkfn dk Hkh Hk; ugha FkkA
rc Hkys dgha Hkh cSBdj fufoZ?u lk/kuk dh tk ldrh FkhA
vkt rks cUn ?kj esa Hkh cSBdj ePNjnkuh o ia[kk pkfg,] rc
?kksj taxy esa dSls lk/kuk gksxh\ blfy, gesa iqjkdky dh dqN
mÙkeksÙke O;oLFkkvksa dks rRdky esa iw.kZ fgrdkfj.kh ekurs gq,
Hkh orZeku Áfrdwy dky esa mls mfpr ugha ekuuk pkfg,A tc
Hkkjr esa fu;ksx ÁFkk Ápfyr Fkh] ml le; ds yksx mifjofrZr
la;fer lqO;oLFkkvksa esa jgrs FksA os dke’kfDr lEiUu gksrs gq,
Hkh dkeqd ugha gksrs FksA L=h iq#”k ijLij la;ksx ek=
larkuksRifÙk ds gsrq ls gh djrs FksA pkgs og fu;ksx gks ok
fookgA tc Á;kstu fl) gks tkrk Fkk] rks dksbZ ‘kkjhfjd
lEcU/k dh vfHkyk”kk Hkh muesa ugha gksrh FkhA rc os fuf’pr
gh fu;ksx djus ok djkus ds vf/kdkjh Fks ijUrq vkt tc
ekuo us dkeqdrk esa lalkj ds lHkh fxjs ls fxjs Ákf.k;ksa dks Hkh
ihNs NksM+ fn;k gS] tks O;FkZ oh;kZfn cgkus esa gh vkuUn ekurs
gSa vkSj ftl fy, cht dk Á;ksx gksuk pkfg,] mlls Hk; [kkrs
gSaA tgk¡ Lo;a ekrk lfiZ.kh cudj ok Hkw[kh dqfr;k cudj
vius gh Hkzw.k dks [kk tkrh gS vFkkZr~ xHkZikr dj ikfiuh cu
tkrh gS] rks dksbZ ifjokj fu;kstu ds uke ij LosPNkpkjh gksdj
Hkksx fyIlk esa Áfrfnu fujr jgrs gSa] os Hkyk fu;ksx ij vaxqyh
mBkus ds dgk¡ vf/kdkjh jgs vkSj u os fu;ksx djus djkus ds
vf/kdkjh gh gSaA

vk’p;Z ;g gS fd tks yksx lR;kFkZ Ádk’k dks Hkwfedk ls
ysdj rhljs leqYykl rFkk vk/ks pkSFks leqYykl dh egf”kZ dh
ÁksTtoy ekU;rkvksa] ftudks ‘krka’k Hkh thou esa mrkjus dh ;ksX;rk
ugha j[krs] os lh/ks fu;ksx ÁFkk dks ysdj ‘kksj epkrs gSaA vjs!
ifgys ;g rks i<+ yks fd _f”k ftrsfUnz;rk dks fdruk egRoiw.kZ
ekurs gSa\ os fookfgrksa dks Hkh dSlk cuus dk ijke’kZ nsrs gSa\ ;fn
_f”k ds ckrksa dks ekuks] rks x`gLFk cuuk Hkh vlEHko gks tk;sxk]
rc fu;ksx dkSu dj ok djok ldsxk\ bl ckr dks dkSu udkj
ldrk gS fd _f”k ds }kjk vuqeksfnr x`gLFk ds fy, fojyk gh
[kjk mrj ldrk gSA fu;ksx dh ;ksX;rk rks blls Hkh c<+dj gSA
rc dgk¡ fu;ksx ij ppkZ djus pys gksA vPNk rks ;gh gS fd
vius vUnj >kad dj ns[ksa] fQj dhpM+ mNkysaA Hkyk tks O;fDr
‘kjhj ‘kkL= dk d] [k] x Hkh ugha tkurk] mls ,d ;ksX; ltZu
}kjk dh tkus okyh phj&QkM+ ij ‘kksj epkus dk D;k vf/kdkj gS\
vjs! Ikgys ltZjh dk ÁkjfEHkd Kku rks dj yks] mlds ckn lkspuk
fd ltZu }kjk dh tkus okyh phj&QkM+ fgalk ugha cfYd lPph
vfgalk gSA blh Ádkj tks vfr ftrsfUnz; ;ksxh iq#”k ok L=h gSa] os
gh fu;ksx djus djkus dh ;ksX;rk j[krs gSa vkSj os gh bl fo”k;
ij fo’ks”k fpUru dj ldrs gSaA fl)kUrr% fopkj gj Ácq) fu”i{k
O;fDr dj ldrk gS] tks Hkys gh iw.kZ ftrsfUnz; u gks ijUrq
bfUnz;klfDr dks iki rks ekurk gksA bfUnz;klfDr dks LokHkkfod
ekuus okys ds efLr”d esa ;g ckr lkr tUe rd Hkh ugha lek
ldrh fd fu;ksx vPNk gS] vkSj cqjk rks mls bl dkj.k dg jgk
gS D;ksafd lekt vkt cqjk dgrk gSA bl lekt esa D;k&2 iki
[kqys ok Nqis gks jgs gSa] m/kj /;ku u lekt nsrk gS vkSj u vkjksi
yxkus okysA vkt fu;ksx gh ugha vfirq dbZ ,slh oSfnd O;oLFkk,a
gS]a tks fdlh Hkh fu”i{k lR;ekxhZ O;fDr dks mfpr Árhr gksaxh
ijUrq djuk lEHko ugha gSA tSls osn us dgk fd ;fn dksbZ gekjh
xk;] ?kksM+k ok euq”; dks ekjsxk] rks mls xksyh ls ekj nsuk pkfg,A
;|fi ;g vkns’k iw.kZr% mfpr o fgrdkjh gS ijUrq vkt dh
lkekftd o jktO;oLFkk bls djus ugha nsxhA gtkjksa funksZ”k Ákf.k;ksa
ds gR;kjs dks ekjus okyksa dks n.M nsus okyk ohj iq#”k Hkh mlh
Ádkj tsy esa cUn dj fn;k tk;sxk] ftl Ádkj dksbZ vU; gR;kjk
cUn fd;k tk ldrk gSA rc ;g dSlk vU/kk dkuwu gS\ bl vU/ks
dkuwu ds jgrs vkt osn dk mfpr o mÙke vkns’k dSlk O;FkZ gks
x;k gS\ rc D;k nks”k osnkns’k dks fn;k tk;s\ ml mÙke O;oLFkk
dks fn;k tk;s ok vkt ds ikiiw.kZ rFkkdfFkr lekurk ds O;ogkj
dk nEHk djus okyh dkuwu O;oLFkk dks fn;k tk;s] ;g ikBd Lo;a
lkspsaA ;fn ;g O;oLFkk ykxw djus Hkh nh tk;s] rks ijLij [kwu gh
cgus yxsaxAs ftlesa rkdr gksxh] og detksj dks volj ikdj
ekjrk gh jgsxkA vkt ikih dks xksyh ekjus dk Lrj j[kus okys Hkh
rks fojys gh gSaA oSfnd vk”kZ O;oLFkk og Hkh gS fd tks /kuh nku
ugha djrk vkSj tks xjhc ri ugha djrk] mu nksuksa dks ekj
Mkyuk pkfg,A ¼ns[ksa fonqj uhfr½ vkt ;g O;oLFkk ykxw gks] rks Hkh
Hk;adj jDrikr gks tk;s] D;ksafd vkt rks nku ekaxus okys vFkZpksjksa
dk Hkh ,d tky fcNk gqvk gS] tks cyiwoZd nku ekaxx s k vkSj u
nsus ij fonqj th dk Áek.k nsdj vnkrk dks ekj MkysxkA mlh
Ádkj Hkw[ks uaxs ‘kksf”krksa dks jDr’kks”kd /kuh ri djus dk mins’k
djsxk vU;Fkk ekj Mkyus dks rRij jgsxkA bl dkj.k ;g O;oLFkk
Hkh orZeku esa mfpr ugha] D;ksafd u rks vkt riLoh fHk{kkFkhZ jgs
vkSj u ijksidkjh /kuh O;fDr jgsA blfy, vkt oSfnddkyhu
mÙkeksÙke ijUrq bl Ádkj dh rh{.k ok vkin~/keZ dh O;oLFkkvksa
dks lglk viukus dh ugha] cfYd lEiw.kZ okrkoj.k dks gh
osnkuqdwy cukus dh vko’;drk gSA mlds i’pkr~ gh mu
O;oLFkkvksa dks ykxw fd;k tk ldrk gS] vU;Fkk ;ksX; O;fDr dks Hkh
fu;ksx dk vf/kdkj ugha gksuk pkfg, D;ksafd ;|fi og mfpr dj
jgk gS] iqujfi vuf/kdkjh yksx mlds Lrj dks u tkudj Lo;a
lUrku gsrq ugha cfYd O;fHkpkj esa Áo`Ùk gks ldrs gSa ftlls
lkekftd <kapk pjejk ldrk gSA gk¡] ;fn dHkh oSfnd lkezkT; ok
lekt LFkkfir gks tk;s] rks iqu% os lkjs fu;e lgt ykxw gks ldrs
gSaA ijUrq bruk Hkh Lej.k jgs fd rc Hkh fu;ksx lkekU; /keZ u
gksdj vkin~/keZ gh jgsxk] tcfd fookg lkekU; /keZ gh jgsxkA

iFkHkz"Vksa dk nEHk
¼vxLr 2002 esa fy[kk ys[k½
vk;Z lekt ds ew/kZU; fo}ku~ J)s; Mk- Hkokuhyky th

Hkkjrh; }kjk Ásf”kr ^vk;Z txr~* lkIrkfgd ds 02 twu 2002 ds
vad esa Ádkf’kr ,d rFkkdfFkr Ácq)k ysf[kdk Mk- ofUnrk vjksM+k
}kjk fyf[kr ys[k ^’kq) vk;Z lekt vkSj Ácq) vk;Z lekt* dy
gh i<+kA ân; dks xEHkhj vk?kkr yxk fd fdl Ádkj vk;Z
uke/kkjh vuk;ksZa }kjk Ádkf’kr ,d vuk;Z }kjk lEikfnr ,oa vius
dks Ácq)k dgykus okyh ,d vuk;kZ ysf[kdk us vk;Z lekt ds
vkn’kksZa ij Ágkj fd;k gS\ oSls tc ls Jh mn;ohj bl i= ds
lEiknd cus gSa] rc ls os fujUrj vuk;ZRo dh /kkjk cgkdj ftu
ik=ksa esa [kk jgs gSa] mUgha esa Nsn djus dk iki dj jgs gSaA vf;!
n;kuUn _f”k ds uke ls Hkh[k ekaxus okyks! vk;Z lekt ds uke ls
isV ikyus okyks! Mh-,-oh- uke ls cus HkO; Hkouksa esa cSBs ,s’o;Z
lEiUuks! D;k —r?urk ds iki ls vkidks Hk; ugha gksrk\ vk;Z
txr~ ds 7 tqykbZ 2002 ds vad esa fdlh ikBd dh ÁfrfØ;k ij
fVIi.kh djus okys! mn;ohj th egk’k; ok vjksM+k egksn;k! ;fn
vki rFkk vkidh Lo;EHkw Ácq) e.Myh vk;Z Áknsf’kd lHkk esa
lkgl gS] rks vk;Z fl)kUrksa ds lrr ltx Ágjh ^n;kuUn lUns’k
ds tqykbZ 2002 vad esa vki yksxksa dk ‘kkL=kFkZ dk vkg~oku djus
okys gekjs vk;Z fo}kuksa Jh Áks- jktsUnz th ftKklq ,oa Jh Mk-
ToyUr dqekj th ‘kkL=h dh pqukSrh Lohdkj djksA blds lkFk gh
esjs bl ys[k dks vius vk;Ztxr~ esa Ádkf’kr djus rFkk mldk
[k.Mu Hkh djus dk lkgl djsaA vius bl ys[k ds ek/;e ls eSa
leLr vk;Z txr~ dks lUns’k nsuk pkgrk gw¡ fd vki yksxksa dh
lq”kqfIr ok ej.kkoLFkk] dk;jrk ,oa uiqaldrk ds dkj.k gh vk;ZRo
dh pgq¡ vksj ls gR;k gks jgh gSA fl[kksa ds Hk; ls nqe nckdj
Hkkxus okys ¼tSlk fd ‘kkL=kFkZ ds vkg~oku ls ÁdV gks jgk gS½
vuk;Z yksx vkidks Áeknh] Hkh#] Lok/;k;ghu le>dj gh
fuyZTtrk ls vuxZy Áyki dj jgs gSaA eSa dc ls gh vk;Z txr~
dh djrwrsa ns[k&i<+ jgk Fkk ijUrq vc budh —r?urk dh lhek
dk dksbZ ikj fn[kkbZ u ns[k] vius /kS;Z dh lhek dks lekIr dj

budks ;g pqukSrhiw.kZ mÙkj ns jgk gw¡A eSa Ácq) dgkus okyksa dks dg
jgk gw¡ fd vkvks] irk pysxk fd dkSu Ácq) gS vkSj dkSu cq)w
¼ew[kZ½\
ijksidkfj.kh lHkk ds ekU; Á/kku Jh xtkuUn th vk;Z

}kjk fy[kk ys[k Hkh blh vk;Z txr~ ds blh vad esa ns[kus dks
feykA blh ys[k ds [k.Mu esa ysf[kdk us dye f?klkbZ dj Mkyh
gSA vksg! egksn;k! Jh vk;Z th us D;k vkifÙktud fy[k fn;k]
tks vkidks lgu ugha gks ik;k\ vkt vk;ZRo ij Ágkj djus okys
rks vusdksa jk{klho`fÙk ds yksx gSa] vki yksx rks —ik cuk;s j[ksa]
bl feVrs vk;ZRo ijA eSa Jh xtkuUn th vk;Z ds i{k esa [kM+k
jgdj vkids ys[k dk mÙkj la{ksi esa ns jgk gw¡A vki viuh Ácqf)
ls rqyuk djrs tkukA
Mk- vjksM+k us ys[k esa Ácq) ,oa ‘kq) dk Hksn n’kkZdj

vius ikafMR; ik[k.M dk Án’kZu fd;k gSA ,slk Árhr gksrk gS
ysf[kdk esa bruh Hkh cqf) ugha gS fd ^’kq)* vkSj ^Ácq)* ‘kCnksa ds
vFkZ dks Hkh le> ldsaA fQj Hkh vius dks Ácq) gksus dk nEHk
fd;k\ ^’kq)* dk vFkZ gS& ifo=] fu’dyad] funksZ”k] foey vkfnA
bl ‘kq)rk ls rFkkdfFkr Ácq)ksa dks }s”k gS vFkkZr~ os v’kq)rk dks
Ácq)Ro dk y{k.k eku jgs gSa vFkkZr~ mudk Ácq)Ro vifo=]
dyafdr] nks”kh o ey ls ifjiw.kZ gSA rc Mk- vjksM+k th dk
vk;ZRo dSlk jgk] ;g rks os gh tkusaA ^Ácq)* ftldk vFkZ gS&
tkxk gqvk] cqf)eku~] prqjA Hkyk vifo= eyksa ls ifjiw.kZ Hkh
cqf)eku~ dgyk;sxk\ gk¡] dqN yksx ,sls Hkh gksrs gSa] tks tkxdj lc
tkurs vo’; gSa] cqf)eku~ Hkh gksrs gSa ijUrq LokFkZ esa prqj pkykd
uEcj ,d gksrs gSa vkSj vkpj.k esa xUns] ey] nks”k o dyad ls
HkjsA D;k ,slk gh ‘kq)rk dk }s”kh] fojks/kh Ácq)Ro vkidk gS\ ;fn
gk¡] rks —i;k ,sls Ácq)Ro dks vius ikl gh lEHkky dj jf[k;sA
esjs tSlk rks fu’dyad] ifo=] loZFkk lokZax funksZ”k o foey vk;ZRo
dh ewfrZ&_f”k n;kuUn dk HkDr o osnkuqjkxh vkidh pkykd
Nne~&cqf) ls nwj gh Bhd gSA ,d ckr vkSj Hkh dg nwa fd vkidks
^Ácq)* ‘kCn dk Hkh vFkZ Kkr ugha gS vU;Fkk Ácq)rk dk ‘kq)rk
ls Hksn ugha n’kkZrhaA Hkyk tks Ácq) gS vFkkZr~ tkx x;k gS]
cqf)eku~ gS] og ‘kq)rk dk gh rks oj.k djsxkA D;k dksbZ cqf)eku~
v’kqf)] eykfn fodkjksa dk lsou djuk pkgsxk\ dnkfi ughaA og
‘kq) vkpj.k] ‘kq) Hkkstu o ‘kq) fopkjksa dk gh lsou djsxk
vU;Fkk og Ácq) ,slk gh /kwrZ o ew[kZ dgyk;sxk] tks efnjk vkSj
/kwezikukfn dks gkfudkjd tkudj Hkh lsou djrk gS vkSj vius
‘kjhj] ifjokj] lekt o jk”Vª dk uk’k djrk gSA dgsa th! vkidk
Ácq)Ro ,slk gh rks ugha gS\ egksn;k! vkidks ^vk;Z* ‘kCn dk Hkh
vFkZ irk ugha gSA ;kn j[kks& Á—r ¼LokHkkfod ‘kq)½ vkpj.k djus
okyk gh ^vk;Z* dgykrk gS] bZ’oj iq= vFkkZr~ bZ’ojh; e;kZnkvksas dks
ikyus rFkk lR; Kku ds lkFk rnuqdwy fØ;k ok vkpj.k djds
ÁkIrO; dks ikus dk Á;kl djus okyk gh ^vk;Z* dgykrk gSA bl
Ádkj tks ‘kq) gksxk] ogh vk;Z gksxk] ogh Ácq) Hkh gksxk] deZ’khy
gksxk vkSj vius y{;ksa dks ikus esa lQy Hkh ogh gksxkA blfy,
ifgys vki vius ‘kh”kZd dks ‘kq) dj ysa] rc gh dye pykosaA
ijUrq ‘kq)Ro ls ?k`.kk djus okyk Hkyk ‘kh”kZd dks Hkh D;ksa ‘kq)
fy[ksxk\ vkidk ‘kh”kZd okLro esa rks ^’kq) vk;Z lekt ,oa
Nn~eos’kh vk;Z lekt* gksuk pkfg,A vLrq!
vc vkids Ácks/k dh ijh{kk djrs gSa&

;g Bhd gS fd _f”k n;kuUn dk viuk dksbZ uohu er pykus dk
dksbZ Á;kstu ugha Fkk ijUrq mudk vfHkÁk; ;g Hkh ugha Fkk fd
vkt ds ik’pkR; Hkksxoknh Ik’kqlH;rk ds nkl mPNªa[ky gksdj dqN
dk dqN ekurs o Ápkfjr djrs jgsaA _f”k ds vk/ks&v/kwjs mn~/kj.k
nsdj ysf[kdk us ikBdksa ds lkFk Ny djus dk Á;kl fd;k gSA
_f”k LoeUrO; dks crkrs gSa& ^^tks osnkfn lR;’kkL= vkSj czãk ls
ysdj tSfefu eqfu Ik;ZUrksa ds ekus gq, bZ’ojkfn inkFkZ gSa ftudks fd
eSa ekurk gw¡] lc lTtu egk’k;ksa ds lkeus Ádkf’kr djrk gw¡A eSa
viuk eUrO; mlh dks ekurk gw¡ tks rhuksa dkyksa esa ,d lk lcds
lkeus ekuus ;ksX; gSA**
_f”k n;kuUn osn rFkk czãk ls tSfefu eqfu Ik;ZUr ds

eUrO; dks ekuus dk ijke’kZ nsrs gSa] u fd LosPN;k ;Fkk&rFkk
ekuus dksA gk¡] vkius o vkids Ácq)ksa us vf/kd nqfu;ka ns[kh gS] os
dqN Hkh eku ldrs gSaA vkidk fy[kuk gS& ^^n;kuUnh cuus dk
D;k vFkZ gS\ ge n;kuUn dks viuk xq# ekurs gSa] iwT; ekurs gSaA
og ;ksxh Fks] czã Kkuh FksA mUgksaus tks dqN fy[k fn;k] og ije
lR; gSA** ;g vkius dVk{kiwoZd fy[kk gSA vkius lR;kFkZ Ádk’k
ij gekjh J)k dh miek eqlyeku o bZlkbZ;ksa dh dqjku o
ckbZcy ij J)k ls dh gSA vkius fy[kk gS& muds ¼Ácq) vk;Z
lekft;ksa ds½ fopkj ls lR;kFkZ Ádk’k vusd =qfV;ksa ls Hkjh jpuk
gS] ftls mfpr la’kks/kuksa ds ckn gh Lohdkj fd;k tk ldrk gSA**
leh{kk& vki n;kuUn dks xq# ugha ekurhaA D;k vkidks ^xq#* ‘kCn
dk vFkZ Hkh Kkr gS\ ok }s”kh Hkkouk ls ;g fy[k ekjk gSA Hkxoku~
euq ^xq#* dk lkekU; y{k.k fy[krs gSa&
vYia ok cgq ok ;L; JqrL;ksidjksfr ;%A

reihg xq#a fo|kr~ JqrksifØ;;k r;kAA 2@149
vFkkZr~ tks dksbZ ftl fdlh dks fo|k i<+kdj FkksM+k ok vf/kd
midkj djrk gS] mldks Hkh bl lalkj esa ml fo|k i<+kus ds
dkj.k xq# le>uk pkfg,A
vkpk;Z dh ifjHkk”kk esa Hkxoku~ euq dk dguk gS&
miuh;rq ;% f’k”;a osne/;ki;sn~ f}t%A

ldYia ljgL;a p rekpk;Za Áp{krsAA
vFkkZr~ tks ;Kksiohr djkds dYi lw= vkSj osnkUr lfgr f’k”; dks
osn i<+kos] mldks vkpk;Z dgrs gSaA
;g rks Bhd gS fd _f”k n;kuUn ds Jheq[k ls ge yksxksa us

dqN ugha i<+k ijUrq muds xzUFkksa vkSj muds ri vkSj cfynku ds
QyLo:i gh ge dqN i<+us&i<+kus ok lquus&lqukus ds vf/kdkjh gks
lds gSaA vki ftl efgyk oxZ ls gSa] mls rks ujd ds }kj ls
fudky dj LoxZ dk ekxZ fn[kkus] iSjksa dh twrh ls flj dk rkt
cukus] <ksy] xaokj ds leku rkM+uk ls cpkdj ?kj dh lkezkKh
cukus] osn i<+us] i<+kus ok mPp inksa ij igqapkus dk dke mlh
xq# ok vkpk;Z n;kuUn dk gS] tks ge o vkids fy, fo”k ihrk
jgk] ykBh] ryokj ds okj lgrk jgk] taxyksa] cQkZuh igkM+ksa esa
HkVdrk jgk ijUrq vksg —r?u rFkkdfFkr Ácq) vk;ksZa dh
vf/koD=h Mk- vjksM+k th! vki ml nso n;kuUn dks gekjs }kjk
iwT;] xq#] ;ksxh o czãKkuh ekuus ij fuyZTtrk iw.kZ migkl dj
jgh gSaA ;kn j[kks& ^—r?us ukfLr fu”—fr%* ¼ok- jkek;.k½A _f”koj
us FkksM+k cgqr ugha cfYd vdYiuh; midkj ge ij fd;s gSa vkSj
vki ij rks gels cgqr vf/kdA blh dkj.k n;kuUn gekjs o
vkids xq# gSa] vkpk;Z gSa] iwT; gh ugha] ijeiwT; gSaA vki tSl s
yksxksa dks D;k irk gS fd ;ksx ok czãKku D;k gksrk gS] tks muds
;ksxh o czãKkuh gksus ij Á’u mBk jgh gSaA vki gj ckr esa Lo;a
dh cqf) ls lkspus dh odkyr dj jgh gSaA ijUrq egksn;k! vkids
ys[k ls rks cqf) dh >yd ek= Hkh Árhr ugha gks jghA lalkj esa
dkSu Ácq) gksus dk nkok djus okyk dsoy viuh gh cqf) ds
vkJ; ij thfor Hkh jg ldrk gS\ dkSu gS tks i`fFkoh dks xksy o
?kwerh gqbZ ugha ekurk gS\ dkSu lw;Z dks i`fFkoh cM+k ugha ekurk gS\
dkSu ,Ve dh lajpuk dks Áek.k :i esa ugha ekurk gS\ dkSu gS
tks fpfdRld ds Kku ij fo’okl ugha djrk gS\ D;k vkidk
Ácq)Ro ,slk ugha djrk gS\ eSa iwNrk gw¡ fd D;k vkius ok vkids
gj Ácq) us i`fFkoh ds vkdkj o xfr dks Lous=ksa ls ns[kk gS \ lw;Z
ds vkdkj dks ukik gS\ ,Ve dh jpuk dks ns[kk gS\ ;fn ugha arks
vkidk Locqf) ls gh fu.kZ; djus dk ozr dgk¡ x;k\ D;ksa vkius
‘kks/kdrkZvksa dks Áek.k eku fy;k\ rc D;ksa u ge vkIr n;kuUn
ok _f”k;ksa dks Áek.k ekusa\ D;ksa ge gj ckr esa la’k; djsa\ ;kn
j[kks ftl Ádkj vki bu Áek.kksa ds lkFk Locqf) ls Hkh lksprh gSa]
ogk¡ ge Hkh cqf) j[krs gSaA
vki nqfu;ka ns[kus ij gh nEHk dj jgh gSaA lquks] nqfu;ka rks

jsyksa esa ?kweus okys fHk[kkfj;ksa us lcls vf/kd ns[kh gSA os vki tSls
gtkjksa dks Áfrfnu ns[krs gSa] rc os vkids vkIr iq#”k rks fu’p;
gh gks tk;saxsA ;g Bhd gS fd lR;kFkZ Ádk’k] osn ugha gS ijUrq ;g
osn dk Áos’k }kj gSA bls] _XosnkfnHkk”;Hkwfedk] n’kZu] mifu”kn~]
fu#Dr] O;kdj.k vU; osnkax rFkk czkã.k xzUFkksa dks le>s fcuk osn
esa Áos’k ugha gksxkA lR;kFkZ Ádk’k dks ia- xq#nÙk tSlk oSKkfud
jRuksa dh [kku le>rk Fkk ijUrq vkidh es/kk dgw¡ ok _rEHkjk ¼\½
mls =qfV;ksa dk fiVkjk crk jgh gSA ghjs ds ewY; dks tkSgjh gh rks
tkurk gS] vKkuh rks mls iRFkj tkudj fxyksy esa j[kdj QSad gh
ldrk gSA ;gh voLFkk vki yksxksa dh gSA dgha eqnz.k nks”k fey
ldrs gSa] mUgsa Hkh osn&osnkaxksa&mikaxksa ds ryLi’khZ fo}ku~ gh tku
ldrs gSaA Mh-,-oh- ok Áknsf’kd lHkk ds eSdkys ekulksa ds o’k dh
ckr ugha gSA vkius nqfu;k dc ls ns[kh gS] ;g Hkh vkids ys[k ls
Li”V gks x;kA vkius fy[kk gS& ^^vk;Z Áknsf’kd Áfrfuf/k lHkk dh
107 oha okf”kZd fjiksVZ ds ÁkDdFku esa lHkk ea=h Jh Ácks/k egktu
us fy[kk gS& ^,sls djksM+ksa yksx gSa] tks vk;Z lekt ds lnL; u
gksrs gq, Hkh vk;Z lekt dh fopkj/kkjk dks ekurs gSa* ;g vk¡[ksa
[kksy nsus okyk okD; gSA** blls fl) gqvk fd Ácks/k egktu th
ds bl okD; dFku ls vkidh vk¡[ksa [kqy x;ha] mlls iwoZ rks can
vk¡[kksa ls gh lc dk;Z dj jgha FkhaA ijUrq gekjh vk¡[ksa rks fnO;
n;kuUn us] muds vej xzUFkksa us] ia- xq#nÙk] Lokeh J)kuUn] ia-
ys[kjke] egkRek galjkt] Lokeh n’kZukuUn tSls rifLo;ksa]
cfynkfu;ksa us dc dh gh [kksy nh Fkha] fQj Hkh vkius nqfu;ka gels
vf/kd ns[k yh\ Ácks/k th us ;g osn okD; ls c<+dj egkokD;
D;k dgk] ekuks l`f”V dk ÁFke lw;ksZn; gks x;k\ rc lkjh fjiksVZ
dks rks dksbZ miek gh ugha nh tk ldrhA vgk! vkidh n`f”V esa rks
xwyj gh vathj cu x;k ok ewaxQyh cknke cudj ?keaM djus
yxhA NwvkNwr] Å¡p&uhp] ngstÁFkk vkfn dk mUewyu] ukjh lEeku
vkfn rd gh vki ,sls Ácq)ksa dk vk;Z lekt lhfer gSA vk;ZRo
dh tks ifjHkk”kk iwoZ esa eSaus fy[kh gS] mls vkids Ácq) D;k le>sa\
vkidk dguk gS fd djksM+ksa yksx vius dks vk;Z lekth dgykuk
ugha pkgrsA ,slk gS Hkh D;ksafd lR; ds ikyd] Kkrk] Ápkjd
lalkj esa de gh gqvk djrs gSaA egkiq#”k fojyk gh curk gSA
egkiq#”kksa rFkk lRiq#”kksa dh HkhM+ dHkh ugha gksrhA HkhM+ dkeh] pksjksa]
csbeZ kuksa] ‘kjkfc;ksa] ekalHkf{k;ksa dh gksrh gS] tks gS HkhA vk;Z lekt
dh tM+sa lw[k jgh gSa] ;g lR; gS vkSj ;g gekjh fpUrk dh ckr
Hkh gS ijUrq eSa ;g Li”V dguk pkgw¡xk fd ;g nks”k gekjk viuk
gS] n;kufUn;ksa dk gS vkSj vki ,sls rFkkdfFkr Ácq)ksa dk gS]
n;kuUn dk ugha vkSj u oSfnd fl)kUrksa dk ghA _f”k HkDrksa dks
^n;kuUnh* dgdj migkl djus okyh ekU;k ysf[kdk! ge rks
n;kuUnh gSa] czãk _f”k ls ysdj tSfefu eqfu Ik;ZUr ds HkDr gSa
vkSj gesa bl ij xoZ Hkh gS ijUrq vkidks iwNrk gw¡ fd vki dkSu
gS\a ewfrZiwtk dh Á’kalk djus okyh vki vk|’kadjkpk;Z ok orZeku
udyh ‘kadjkpk;ksZa dh HkDr gSa] tks vkidks ujd dk }kj crkrs gSa
ok crk jgs gSa\ vFkok ckck rqylhnkl dh] tks <ksy] xaokj ds
leku rkM+us ;ksX; crk x;s\ vFkok vki bZlkbZ ok eqlyekuksa dh
HkDr gSa] tks ukjh esa vkRek gh ugha ekurs ok [ksrh ds leku
ekurs gSa\ vFkok vki vejhdk o ;wjksi dh dqlH;rk dh HkDr gSa]
tks ukjh dks HkksX;k ek= ekurs gq, leku vf/kdkj dh nqgkbZ nsrh
gS\ dgks rks lgh] vki dkSu gSa\ vki fy[krh gSa&
^^;s yksx vk;Z lekt dh vis{kk fiNM+s ugha gSaA Kku]

foKku] vFkZ’kkL= dk bUgsa vf/kd Kku gSA os mPp inLFk vkSj
ÁHkko'kkyh Hkh gSaA**
leh{kk& bldk rkRi;Z vki vk;ksZa dks fiNM+k ekurh gSaA _f”k ds
osn Hkk”; dks i<+dj ns[kks rks irk pysxk fd osn dh fo|k o
vkn’kZ nksuksa gh vk/kqfud fo|k o vkn’kZ ls mPp gSaA ftl le;
ok;q;ku vkfn vusd f’kYi fo|kvksa dh dksbZ dYiuk rd ugha
djrk Fkk] ml le; _f”k us vusd fo|kvksa dk Ádk’k vius osn
Hkk”; esa fd;k FkkA dksbZ ;fn ,slk dgs fd n;kufUn;ksa us D;k fd;k
rks mldk nks”k lPpk n;kuUnh ugha cu ikuk gS] u fd n;kuUn ok
n;kuUnh cuus dks nks”k fn;k tk ldrk gSA bldk dkj.k ;g Hkh gS
fd jktdks”k dk lkjk /ku rks udyh Ácq) vk;Z ok vU; yksx [kk
jgs gSa] gekjs ikl gS Hkh D;k] ftlls dksbZ fo’ks”k dk;Z gks ldsA
fQj Hkh ge foKku ds dbZ {ks=ksa esa vius xq# n;kuUn ij
vkbaLVhu dh ÁfrHkk dks U;kSNkoj dj ldrs gSaA vki n;kuUn dks
i<+dj rks nsf[k, rks irk pysxk fd vkt dksbZ ,d HkkSfrdfon~]
nwljk jlk;uK] rhljk xf.krK] pkSFkk HkwxksyosÙkk] dksbZ vFkZ’kkL=h]
dksbZ i;kZoj.kosÙkk] bfrgklK] jktuhfrK] lekt’kkL=h dksbZ ,d gks
ldrk gS ijUrq gekjk xq# n;kuUn ^,dfLeUuso losZ* vFkkZr~ ^vkWy
bu ou* Fkk vkSj u dsoy ;g Fkk cfYd blds vfrfjDr gekjk
xq# ;ksxh gh ugha cfYd egk;ksxh] czãKkuh] ‘kjhj ls egkcyh]
vkRek ls egkRek] e;kZnk esa Jhjke] oDr`Ro dyk o uhfreÙkk esa
Jh—".k] rkfdZdrk esa vkpk;Z ‘kadj] R;kx esa cq)] ri esa egkohj]
Áse esa bZlk] Hkzkr`Ro esa eqgEen] ns’kHkfDr esa Árki] dwVuhfr esa
f’kok] HkfDr esa dchj] nknw] rqylh Fkk] czãp;Z ozr esa Hkh”e vkSj
guqeku~ FkkA ml egkiq#”k ds thou pfj= o ‘kkL=k/;;u ls vius
rFkkdfFkr Ácq)ksa dh D;k rqyuk dj ldrh gSa\1
vkidk dguk gS& ^^mudh ¼Ácq) vk;ksZa dh½ n`f”V esa fgUn] fgUnh
o fgUnw mrus gh xzkg~; gSa] ftruk vk;kZorZ] vk;Z Hkk”kk vkSj
vk;ZA**
leh{kk& bl ij gesa dqN ugha dguk gS D;ksafd vkids Ácq)ksa esa

cqf) gh bruh gSA mUgsa u bfrgkl dk Kku gS vkSj u oSfnd ok
Hkkjrh; laL—fr dkA ik’pkR;ksa ds mfPN”V Hkksth cudj vgadkj
ihfM+r vo’; gSaA tjk crkb;s fd vkids fgUn] fgUnh o fgUnw
‘kCnksa dk Ákphu Hkkjrh; lkfgR; esa dgk¡ mYys[k gS\ ;fn vkidks
viuk o vius ns’k dk uke ns[kus ds fy, bZjkuh xzUFk vosLrk ok
vU; fons’kh lkfgR; dks <wa<+us dk Á;kl djuk iM+s ok vius uohu
xzUFkksa ls gh lUrks”k djuk iM+s] rks ;g D;k ;g yTtk dk fo”k;
ugha gS\ D;k gekjs iwoZtksa dks viuk o vius ns’k dk uke Hkh irk
ugha Fkk\ vk’p;Z rks bl ckr dk gS fd uke ds fy, Hkh fons’kksa
dk Áek.k ekuus okys Hkh Lo;a dks Lons’k HkDr dgrs gSa\ iqujfi eSa
orZeku ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa uke ds bl fookn dks cgqr vko’;d ugha
ekurk gw¡ ijUrq dksbZ lR; dk xyk ?kksaVdj vlR; dks Áfrikfnr
djs ok lR; dks vlR; ds cjkcj LFkku ns vFkok osn] bfrgklkfn
Hkkjrh; xzUFkksa dks NksM+ fons’kh xhr xk;s] rc ;g fy[kuk vko’;d
gks tkrk gS fd lR; ;g gSA gesa bl fo”k; esa fonsf’k;ksa ok buds
ekul iq=ksa ls dqN lh[kuk ugha gSA gk¡] ge rks vius dks Ácq)
vk;Z crykus okys ok ^fgUnw* ‘kCn ij xoZ djus okyksa dks ns[kdj
1- vc rks vkpk;Z th us ,srjs; czkã.k dk oSKkfud Hkk”; fo’kkydk; xzUFk ds

:Ik esa ôsnfoKku&vkyksd%* uke ls fd;k gS] bls i<+dj cMs&2 oSKkfud
izfrHkk’kkfy;ksa ds ilhus NwV tk;sax&s lEiknd

ytkrs vo’; gSa ,oa nq%[kh Hkh gksrs gSa fd budks D;k jksx yx x;k
gS\ D;ksa vki yksxksa dks Hkkjrh;rk o _f”k;ksa ls ?k`.kk gks x;h gS\
vki fy[krh gSa& ^^’kwnz uhp ugha gS& blesa ¼lR;kFkZ Ádk’k
esa½ dbZ vyx&2 LFkkuksa ij ‘kwnzksa dks vuk;Z] uhp] pekj vkfn
fy[kk gSA Ácq) vk;ksZa dh n`f”V esa ‘kwnz mrus gh vk;Z gS]a ftrus
fd czkã.k] {kf=; vkSj oS’;A tkr&ikr dk dksbZ Hksn ugha gSA ;gk¡
rd fd miu;u laLdkjkfn ds fo”k; esa Hkh ‘kwnz ls jÙkh Hkj Hkh
HksnHkko mUgsa ekU; ugha gSA mUgsa ;g ekU; ugha gS fd ‘kwnz dks
lafgrk Hkkx u i<+k;k tk;sA**
leh{kk& bl fo”k; esa Ák;% yksx vEcsMdjokn] xka/khokn] lkE;okn

vkfn oknkssa ls Ásfjr gksdj vkifÙk;ka mBkrs gSa vkSj os iwjh rjg
iwokZxzg ls xzLr gksrs gSaA ûhp* ‘kCn ds vusd Álaxksa esa vusd vFkZ
fl) gksrs gSaA ftyk/kh’k ,d mPp inkf/kdkjh gS] rks prqFkZ Js.kh
deZpkjh fuEu deZpkjh gSA D;k bl ckr dks dksbZ udkj ldrk gS\
D;k Mk- vjksM+k egkfo|ky; esa p-Js- deZpkjh dks vius ls fuEu
deZpkjh ugha ekurh gSa\ D;k og vkids vkns’k dk ikyu ugha
djrk gS\ D;k og ikuh fiykuk] >kM+w yxkuk vkfn fuEu Lrj ds
dk;Z ugha djrk gS\ D;k os mls Ákpk;Z ds leku ekudj rnuqdwy
O;ogkj djrs gq, mlh ds vuqdwy lq[k] lqfo/kk o vf/kdkj fnyk
ldrh gSa\ lalkj Hkj esa dksbZ Hkh lekurk dk nkok djus okyk
ns’k] laxBu ok O;fDr lekurk ugha j[k ldrk gSA ;ksX;rk ds
vuqlkj Hksn gksrk gh gSA tUek/kkfjr vlekurk rks mfpr ugha
ijUrq dekZuqlkj HksnHkko ,d vfuok;Z okLrfodrk gS] ftlds fcuk
dksbZ Hkh O;oLFkk py gh ugha ldrhA ,d Jfed ftls Ákphu Hkk”kk
esa ‘kwnz dgk tkrk Fkk] Áfrfnu 60&70 :i;s osru ij lkjs fnu
QkoM+k pykrk gS] iRFkj rksM+rk] [kkb;ka [kksnrk gS] ogha vki
vkjke ls HkO; Hkouksa esa cSBdj Áfrfnu yxHkx 700&800] rks
jk”Vªifr yxHkx 2&3 gtkj Áfrfnu ysrk gSA rc czkã.kRo ok
{kf=;Ro dk deZ djus okys ls ‘kwnz ¼Jfed½ D;k vkt Hkh uhpk
gj Ádkj ls ugha gS\ vkids rFkkdfFkr Ácq)ksa ds ?kj lsod dks
fdruk osru o lEeku feyrk gS\ lekt ds lsod dks D;k osru

nsrs gks] ;g ns[kks] fQj lekurk dh odkyr djksA tgk¡ ûhp* ‘kCn
nqjkpkjh] ifrr O;fDr dks dg ldrs gSa] ogha ûhp* ‘kCn fuEu]
uhpk vkfn dk gh viHkza’k gSA rc ;g dSlk rek’kk fd fuEu
Js.kh] mPp Js.kh gj txg Ákekf.kd :i esa fo|eku gks] ogha
lR;kFkZ Ádk’k esa blds Ápfyr viHkza’k ‘kCn dks ysdj coky [kM+k
fd;k tk jgk gSA ,d ‘kCn u dsoy lanHkZ fo’ks”k esa vFkZ cny
ysrk gS] cfYd og Loj Hksn ls Hkh u;s&2 vFkZ /kkj.k djrk gSA
rc ‘kCn ek= dks idM+ dj vlaxr vFkZ yxkdj vius lekurk
ds O;ogkj dk <ksax dj Áflf) dh bPNk gksuk D;k ikxyiu Hkjk
ik[k.M ugha gS\ gk¡] n;kuUn tUeuk mPp&fuEu] ftldk gh
viHkza’k :i Å¡ap&uhp gS] ekurs rks vkidks dgus dk volj FkkA
vc ^vuk;Z* ‘kCn dks ysrs gSaA ifgys rks vkidks le> ysuk pkfg,
fd _f”k us ‘kwnz dks dgha Hkh cqjk ugha dgk gSA ÁFke rks ,d ckr
Li”V gks tkuh pkfg, fd euq ok n;kuUn dh n`f”V esa vui<+
Jfed ijUrq tks /kkfeZd gks] dks gh ‘kwnz dgrs gSaA vkt vusd
mPp f’kf{kr] mPp inLFk yksx Hkh Lo;a dks nfyr] fiNM+k ok
vkfnoklh ok ‘kwnz dgdj vkj{k.k dh Hkh[k ekaxus dk Á;kl dj
jgs gSaA bl rFkkdfFkr oxZfoghu lekt cukus ds ik[k.M us tUeuk
‘kwnz iSnk dj fn;s gSa vkSj fur u;s oxZ ‘kwnz cuus dh gksM+ esa yxs
gSaA vk’p;Z gS fd tks oxZ f’kYidkj ok O;kikjh gksus ls oS’; o.kZ
esa vkus pkfg, mUgsa ik[k.Mh czkã.kksa us ‘kwnz cuk;k Fkk vkSj vc os
jk”Vªifr] usrk] mPp f’k{kkfon~ ok Á’kklfud vf/kdkjh cu dj Hkh
‘kwnz ds [kksy dks vks<+s j[kdj Hkh[k dk dVksjk fy, vkj{k.k ekax
jgs gSaA nq%[k bl ckr dk gS os ik[k.Mh fHk[kkjh gh tUeuk
Å¡p&uhp dks Hkxoku~ euq ij vkjksfir djds mudk fojks/k dj jgs
gSaA buesa ls dksbZ deZ.kk czkã.k] {kf=; vkSj oS’; vius dks
dgykuk pkgrk ugha] D;ksafd ,slk djus ls mUgsa Hkh[k dkSu nsxk\ os
gh lektksa esa xoZ ds lkFk viuh tkfr euq”; ok vk;Z crkrs gSaA
;g nqeqagh uhfr vusd Ácq) dgkus okys udyh vk;ksZa dh Hkh gksxhA
;gk¡ tgk¡ Hkh ‘kwnz dh ppkZ vkos] rks vui<+ /kkfeZd o Jfed dks
gh le>uk pkfg, u fd dksbZ Jh ds- vkj- ukjk;.k] dq-
ek;korh] ok vU; dksbZ usrk] Nk= ok vf/kdkjh vius dks ‘kwnz
le>s vkSj le>dj nqjkxzgo’k lR; dks udkjus dk Á;kl djsA

lR;kFkZ Ádk’k ds ftl Ádj.k ij vkifÙk dh tkrh gS] ml ij
fopkj djrs gSaA Ádj.k fuEukuqlkj gS&
Á’u& vkfn l`f”V esa ,d tkfr Fkh ok vusd\

mÙkj& ,d euq”; tkfr FkhA Ik’pkr~ ^fotkuhák¸;kZU;s p nL;o%* ;g
_Xosn dk opu gSA Js”Bksa dk uke vk;Z] fo}ku~] nso vkSj nq”Vksa
dks nL;q vFkkZr~ Mkdw] ew[kZ uke gksus ls ^vk¸;Z* vkSj ^nL;q* nks
uke gq,A ^mr ‘kwnzs mrk;sZ*& _Xosn opuA vk;ksZa esa iwoksZDr Ádkj
ls czkã.k] {kf=;] oS’; vkSj ‘kwnz pkj Hksn gq,A f}t fo}kuksa dk
uke vk¸;Z vkSj ew[kksZa dk uke ‘kwnz vkSj vuk¸;Z vFkkZr~ vukM+h
uke gqvkA** ¼lR;kFkZ Ádk’k] v”Ve leqYykl½
yxHkx ,slk gh Ádj.k blh leqYykl esa vxys i`”B ij gS&
iwoksZDr osn Áek.kksa dks mn~/k`r djrs gq, _f”k fy[krs gSa&
^^;g Hkh osn Áek.k gS& ;g fy[k pqds gSa fd vk¸;Z uke /kkfeZd]
fo}ku~] vkIr iq#”kksa dk vkSj buls foijhr tuksa dk uke nL;q
vFkkZr~ Mkdw] nq”V] v/kkfeZd vkSj vfo}ku~ gS rFkk czkã.k] {kf=;]
oS’; f}tksa dk uke vk¸;Z vkSj ‘kwnz dk uke vuk¸;Z vFkkZr~ vukM+h
gSA**
bldk lkj ;g gS fd ijekRek dh l`f”V esa ,d tkfr
euq”; Fkh ok euq”; ds :Ik esa tUe ls iSnk gksrk gSA fQj ;gh
euq”; vkxs pydj xq.kHksn ls nks Hkkxksa esa caVk&
vk;Z ¼/kkfeZd] fo}ku~] nso vkfn½

euq”;
nL;q ¼nq”V] Mkdw] v/kkfeZd vkfn½
iqu%

fo}ku~ $ /kkfeZd ¼czkã.k] {kf=;] oS’;½
vk;Z
vfo}ku~ ¼ew[kZ½ $ /kkfeZd ¼’kwnz] vuk¸;Z] vukM+h½
;g /;krO; gS fd vk;Z dh eq[; ifgpku /kkfeZdrk gh gS

u fd fo}ku~ gksukA ,slk u gksus ij nL;q ls vyx ugha gks
ik;sxkA vk;ksZa esa ‘kwnz /kkfeZd rks gSa ijUrq ew[kZ gksus ls vukM+h gks
x;k] tks vuk;Z dk viHkz”V :i gSA Lej.k jgs vuk;Z dk vFkZ
nq”V] Mkdw o fuUnuh; ugha gSA ;g ‘kwnz] nL;q dh vis{kk vk;Z gS
vkSj f}tksa dh vis{kk vuk;ZA blh dkj.k Jh—".k Hkxoku~ us xhrk
esa vtqZu dks xfyrxk= gksus ds dkj.k vuk;Z dgdj lacksf/kr fd;k
gSA blesa vkifÙk dh ckr D;k gS\ dksbZ dgs fd vk;Z dk ,d Hksn
vk;Z o nwljk vuk;Z dSls\ gk¡] euq”; ds nks Hksn ^vk;Z* vkSj
^nL;q* gks ldrs gSaA eSa iwNrk gw¡ fd jkek;.k vkSj egkHkkjr dky
esa euq”; ds jk{kl] fdUuj] nso] xU/koZ] x`/k] okuj] ukx] _{k]
euq”; vusd dSls gq,\ ;gk¡ Hkh euq”;ksa ds Hksn esa ,d u;k Hksn
êuq”;* Hkh gS] ‘ks”k lc vU;A rc mUgsa D;k dksbZ nwljk Ák.kh eku
fy;k tk;s\ ugha] cfYd muesa ekuork dk Hkkx de ok dq N Hksn
fo’ks”k gS] blfy, muds vU; uke gSaA jke] y{e.k] dkSjo] ik.Mo
vkfn dks euq”;] tcfd bUnz] czãk] f’ko vkfn dks nso] jko.k] [kj]
cd vkfn dks jk{kl] guqeku~] lqxzho dks okuj vkfn dgk gSA blh
Ádkj vk;ksZa ls ‘kwnz dk vyx foHkkx le>uk pkfg,A orZeku esa eSa
Mk- vjksM+k th dks iwNrk gw¡ fd dksbZ vkidks iwNs fd vkids
egkfo|ky; esa fdruk LVkQ gS\ rks ekuk vki crk;as fd 200 gSA
vc bl LVkQ esa Ákpk;Z] v/;kid] fyfid] p-Js-d- lHkh vk x;s
ijUrq vkidk osru fcy cusxk] rks vf/kdkjh dk vyx rFkk LVkQ
¼deZpkjh½ dk vyx cusxkA ;gk¡ vkidks LVkQ ugha dgsaxs cfYd
jktif=r vf/kdkjh dgsax]s deZpkjh dgus esa vkidks yTtk Hkh
vk;sxhA ;g Hksn dSls gqvk fd LVkQ ds nks Hksnksa esa ,d Hkkx LVkQ
vkSj ,d Hkkx xSjLVkQA rc vk;Z dk Hksn vk;Z ¼f}t½ o vuk;Z
¼’kwnz½ dSls ugha gks ldsxk\
vc ^Hkaxh*] ^pekj* ‘kCnksa ij fopkj djrs gSaA ÁFke /;krO;

gS fd dksbZ ‘kCn fdl lUnHkZ rFkk ifjfLFkfr esa Á;qDr gqvk gS] ;g
fopkj djuk vko’;d gksrk gSA vkt tks oxZ lQkbZ dk dke
djrk gS] mls ml le; Hkkjr Hkj esa ^Hkaxh* dgk djrs FksA dke
Hkh eSyk <ksuk gksrk Fkk] bl dkj.k ‘kCn Hkh cqjk gks x;kA oSls bl
‘kCn dk vFkZ& ifrr ¼fo|k vkfn ls½ grk’k] ijkHkwr] ijkftr
vkfn gksrk gSA ml le; deZ ok fo|k dh n`f”V ls ,slk gh FkkA
cspkjk grk’k] fujk’k o furkUr vui<+ FkkA /khjs&2 ;g ‘kCn
^xkyh* dk :i gks x;k gksxkA xka/kh th dks ;g ‘kCn cqjk yxk] rks
lEekutud ‘kCn ^gfjtu* dk uohu vkfo”dkj fd;k ijUrq Mk-
vEcsMdj us bls Hkh vPNk ugha ekuk] cfYd migkltud crkdj
^nfyr* ‘kCn Lohdkj fd;kA rc ^gfjtu* ‘kCn cqjk gks x;kA vkt
;s lHkh ‘kCn cqjs le>s tkrs gSa vkSj ôkYehfd* ;g u;k ‘kCn
Á;ksx fd;k tk jgk gSA bldk vk’k; gS fd ‘kCn fo’ks”k Á;ksx
djus dh ‘kSyh] rRdkyhu ifjfLFkfr rFkk Á;ksDrk dh Hkkouk ls
vPNk o cqjk gks ldrk gSA bl dkj.k ml le; _f”k dk Á;ksx
cqjk ugha FkkA blh Ádkj ^pekj* ‘kCn ^peZdkj* dk viHkz”V :i
gSA ^pekj* Hkh ml le; vui<+ rFkk peM+s dk gh /ka/kk djus
okyk gksrk FkkA yksgs dk tks lEca/k yqgkj] lksus dk lqukj] dqEHk dk
dqEHkdkj ls gS] oSlk gh lEca/k peM+s dk pekj ls gSA vki
lEHkor% Jh ds-vkj- ukjk;.k th dks ^pekj* ekurh gSaA os Hkh
vius dks nfyr dgrs gSaA yksx Hkh ,slk gh dgdj rqf”Vdj.k dk
ekxZ viukrs gSa ijUrq gekjk n;kuUn rks mUgsa {kf=; dgsxkA dksbZ
crk;s fd peZ dk O;olk;h peZdkj ugha] rks D;k dgk;sxk\ vc
bu nksuksa ‘kCnksa dk Á;ksx egf”kZ us lR;kFkZ Ádk’k ds f}rh;
leqYykl esa fuEu Ádkj fd;k gS&
HkwrÁsr fo”k; esa os fy[krs gSa& ^^mldk vks”kf/k lsou vkSj

iF;kfn mfpr O;ogkj u djds mu /kwrZ] ik[k.Mh] egkew[kZ]
vukpkjh] LokFkhZ] Hkaxh] pekj] ‘kwnz] EysPNkfn ij Hkh fo’oklh gksdj
vusd Ádkj ds <ksax] Ny&diV vkSj mfPN”V Hkkstu] Mksjk&/kkxk
vkfn feF;k eU=&;U= cka/krs&ca/kokrs fQjrs gSaA**
blesa ik[k.Mh o Bxksa dks ,slk fy[kk D;ksa vuqfpr yxk gS\
Hkaxh] pekj ‘kCnksa ij fy[k pqdk gw¡A ^pekj* ‘kCn ml le; cqjk
ugha Fkk vkSj u bldk vFkZ gh cqjk gS ijUrq bls gs; le>k tkrk
x;k vkSj vkt tkVo] es?koky] jSxj o tfV;k vkfn vusd uke
Ápfyr gks x;sA ;gk¡ _f”k dk vk’k; ;g gS&fd dksbZ i<+k fy[kk
O;fDr HkwrÁsr] tks jksx fo’ks”k ok ik[k.M gSa] ds fo”k; esa furkUr
vui<+] /kwrZ vkSj Bxksa dk fo’okl djrk gS vkSj fpfdRlk ugha
djokrk] rc _f”k us ,slk fy[kk gS] rks vuqfpr D;k gS\ ;fn vki
fdlh ckSf)d dk;Z esa fo}kuksa dh lykg ugha ekudj ‘kwnz vFkkZr ~
vius Jfed ok vU; fdlh /kwrZ ij fo’okl djsa] rks D;k ;g
vkids fy, Hkh mfpr jgsxk\ rc _f”k dh vkykspuk dk vk/kkj
vkids ikl D;k gS\
vkidk ;g dguk fd ‘kwnz dks lafgrk Hkkx u i<+kus dk
‘kq) vk;kasZ] n;kufUn;ksa rFkk n;kuUn dk er Ácq)ksa dks ekU; ughaA
eSa bl fo”k; esa Li”V dj nw¡ fd ;g er u rks n;kuUn dk gS
vksj u n;kufUn;ksa dkA lR;kFkZ Ádk’k esa tgk¡ ;g Ádj.k gS] ogk¡
vf/kdkjkuf/kdkj dk Álax gh ugha gSA ogk¡ Álax vfXugks= dk py
jgk gS rFkk Ik’pkr~ czãp;Z lEca/kh fo”k; gSA chp esa lqJqr dk
Áek.k nsrs gq, _f”k us fy[kk gS& ^^dqyhu ‘kqHk y{k.k;qDr ‘kwnz gks]
rks mldks ea= lafgrk NksM+ds lc ‘kkL= i<+kos] ‘kwnz i<+s ijUrq
mldk miu;u u djsA ;g er vusd vkpk;ksZa dk gSA** ¼lR;kFkZ
Ádk’k] r`rh; leqYykl½ ;gk¡ _f”k us lqJqr o vU; vkpk;ksZa dk
er fn;k gS ijUrq Lo;a us bl ij u dksbZ ÁfrfØ;k O;Dr dh gS
vkSj u Lo;a dk eUrO; gh Li”V fd;k gSA bldk dkj.k ;g gS fd
;gh Álax vkxs vk;sxk vkSj ogha foLrkj ls Li”Vhdj.k fn;k Hkh
gSA ijUrq Mk- vjksM+k ok vU; }s”kh {kqnzcqf) ¼u fd Ácq)½ yksxksa
dks ekuks jkeck.k fey x;kA ns[kks] ogk¡ fy[kk gS&
Á’u& D;k L=h vkSj ‘kwnz Hkh osn i<+s\ tks ;s i<+saxs] rks ge fQj
D;k djsaxs\ vkSj buds i<+us esa Áek.k Hkh ugha gSA
mÙkj& lc L=h vkSj iq#”k vFkkZr~ euq”;ek= dks osn i<+us&i<+kus
dk vf/kdkj gSA vkSj rqe dqavk esa iM+ks -------------- vkSj lc
euq”;ksa ds osnkfn i<+us&lquus ds vf/kdkj dk Áek.k ;tqosZn ds
26osa v/;k; esa nwljk ea= gSA
;Fkseka okpa dY;k.khekonkfu tusH;%A

czãjktU;kH;ka ‘kwnzk; pk;kZ; p Lok; pkj.kk;AA ;tqosZn 26@2**
bldk vFkZ lR;kFkZ Ádk’k o osn Hkk”; esa ns[k ysaA

bl ea= ij O;k[;ku djrs gq, _f”k fy[krs gSa&
^^D;k ijes’oj ‘kwnzksa dk Hkyk ugha pkgrk\ D;k bZ’oj

i{kikrh gS fd osnksa dks i<+us&lquus dk ‘kwnzksa ds fy, fu”ks/k vkSj
f}tksa ds fy, fof/k djs\ tks ijes’oj dk vfHkÁk; ‘kwnzkfn ds
i<+kus] lqukus dk u gksrk] rks buds ‘kjhj esa okd~ vkSj Jks=sfUnz;
D;ksa jprk\ tSls ijekRek us i`fFkoh] ty] vfXu] ok;q] pUnz] lw;Z
vkSj vUukfn inkFkZ lcds fy, cuk;s gSa] oSls gh osn Hkh lcds
fy, Ádkf’kr fd;s gSaA vkSj tgkWa dgha fu”ks/k fd;k gS] mldk
vfHkÁk; ;g gS fd ftldks i<+us&i<+kus ls dqN Hkh u vkos] og
fucqZf) vkSj ew[kZ gksus ls ‘kwnz dgkrk gSA mldk i<+uk&i<+kuk O;FkZ
gSA**
bruk Li”V ,oa dBksj mÙkj fd rqe dqa, esa iM+ks ---------]
nsus ij Hkh vkidh cqf) esa vk;k fodkj o }s”k dh dkfyek ugha
/kqy ik;h! _f”k us mifjof.kZr lqJqr ds Áek.k dk Li”Vhdj.k Hkh
lkFk esa ns fn;k gSA
eSa iwNrk gw¡ fd dksbZ dgs fd o.kZekyk dk Kku ok xf.kr ds

tksM+] ckdh vkfn ugha tkuus okyk ;fn vkils vkbaLVhu dk
lkis{krk dk fl)kUr i<+uk pkgs] rks D;k vki ;g ugha dgsaxh fd
rqEgsa ;g i<+us dh ;ksX;rk ugha gS vkSj u vf/kdkjA ;fn i<+kos rks
^HkSal ds vkxs chu* dh dgkor pfjrkFkZ gksxhA rc bls HksnHkko
dSls ekuk tk ldrk gS\ vk’kk gS vc cqf) dikV ¼vkids½ [kqy
tk;saxAs
vc ppkZ djrs gSa& miu;u laLdkj ds vf/kdkj dh&

_f”k us iwoksZDr ¼lqJqr½ Ádj.k esa _f”k us viuk eUrO; Li”V
ugha fd;kA bl fo”k; esa fu.kZ; osnkf/kdkj fo”k; esa le> ysuk
pkfg,] D;ksafd miu;u fcuk osn i<+us dk vf/kdkj gh ugha fey

ikrkA iqujfi Mk- vjksM+k ds iwokZxgz dh fpfdRlk gsrq _f”k dk
Li”V eUrO; Hkh ns jgk gw¡&
^^f}t vius lUrkuksa dks miu;u djds vkpk;Z dqy esa

vFkkZr~ tgk¡ iw.kZ fo}ku~ vkSj iw.kZ fonq”kh L=h f’k{kk vkSj fo|knku
djus okyh gks] ogk¡ yM+ds vkSj yM+fd;ksa dks Hkst nsaA vkSj ‘kwnzkfn
o.kZ dks miu;u fd;s fcuk fo|kH;kl ds fy, xq #dqy esa Hkst nsaA**
¼lR;kFkZ Ádk’k] f}rh; leqYykl½
^^ÁFke yM+dksa dk ;Kksiohr ?kj esa gks vkSj nwljk ikB’kkyk
esa vkpk;Z dqy eas gksA** ¼lR;kFkZ Ádk’k] r`rh; leqYykl½
bu nksuksa ij fopkjus ij fuEufyf[kr ifj.kke ÁkIr gksrk

gS&
1- f}t vFkkZr~ tks osnfo|k ds Kkrk gSa] os cPpksa dk laLdkj
?kj esa gh djds vkpk;Z dqy esa Hkst nsaA
2- ‘kwnz vFkkZr~ vui<+ ijUrq bZ”;kZjfgr] lsokHkkoh] /kkfeZd lsod
vius cPpksa dk ;Kksiohr laLdkj u djsaA ,slk bl dkj.k
fy[kk fd os laLdkj djkus dh ;ksX;rk gh ugha j[krs gSa
vkSj fcuk ;ksX;rk vf/kdkj ugha feyrkA iqujfi cPpk] tks
vHkh ;ksX;k;ksX; dh dlkSVh ij ugha dlk x;k] vkpk;Z dqy
esa vo’; Hkstk tk jgk gS vFkkZr~ mls Hkh i<+us dk volj
feyus dk iwjk vf/kdkj gSA
3- miu;u laLdkj Lox`g ds vfrfjDr vkpk;Z }kjk xq#dqy esa
Hkh fd;k tkrk gS] rc ogk¡ vkpk;Z lc ckydksa dh ;ksX;rk
ns[kdj laLdkj djk gh nsxkA ;fn dksbZ ‘kwnzRo ds xq.k gh
j[krk gS] rks ugha djk;sxkA ;g loZFkk mfpr Hkh gS fd tks
;Kksiohr ds drZO; dk fuoZgu ugha dj ldrk] mls fn;k
gh D;ksa tkos\ vkt ftl Ádkj ekalHkksth jk{klksa] yEiVksa]
dkfe;ksa] efnjk ihus okyksa] nq”Vksa dks Álkn dh Hkkafr
;Kksiohr fcuk fdlh ifjp; ds ckaV fn;k tkrk gS] ,slk
mfpr ugha gSA blh dkj.k _f”k;ksa dk ,slk fo/kku ugha gSA
bl Ádkj ‘kwnzdqyksRiUu ijUrq ;ksX; ckyd dk ;Kksiohr
,d ckj vFkkZr~ vkpk;Z dqy esa gh gksxk] ogha f}t
dqyksRiUu ;ksX; ckyd dk ;Kksiohr nks ckj ¼Lox`g o
xq#dqy esa½ rFkk f}t dqyksRiUu ijUrq v;ksX; ,oa
‘kwnzdqyksRiUu v;ksX; dk ;Kksiohr Øe’k% ,d ckj ¼Lox`g½
,oa ,d ckj Hkh ugha gksxkA blds lkFk bruk vkSj le>
ysuk pkfg, fd f}t ds ckyd ds fo|k xzg.k dh ;ksX;rk
dh lEHkkouk ‘kwnz ds ckyd dh vis{kk vf/kd jgsxh D;ksafd
ÁFke rks ekrk&firk ds fo}ku~ gksus] x`g esa fo|k dk laLdkj
o ifjos’k gksus rFkk vkuqoaf’kd xq.kksa ¼oSKkfudksa ds uohu
erkuqlkj 75 Áfr’kr laLdkj thUl }kjk lUrfr esa vkrs
gSa½ ds gksus lsA tSls mPp f’kf{krksa ds cPps Ák;% mPp f’k{kk
esa vkxs jgrs gSa] vis{k;k vf’kf{krksa ds cPpksa dsA ijUrq
bldk vk’k; ;g ugha fd bldk foijhr lEHko ughaA
lEHko vo’; gS ijUrq vis{k;k deA bl Ádkj o.kZ pquus
ds volj ÁkIr djus dk vf/kdkj lcdks cjkcj ijUrq o.kZ
ÁkIr djus dk vf/kdkj ;ksX;rkuqlkjA vkt Hkh dysDVj
cuus dk vf/kdkj lcdks ijUrq bldk vk’k; ;g ugha fd
tks pkgs] mls dysDVj cuk fn;k tk;sxkA bldh ijh{kk
vkbZ-,-,l- esa Hkh cSBus gsrq Lukrd U;wure pkfg, ijUrq
Lukrd gksus ij Hkh ckr iwjh ugha gksrhA vkbZ-,-,l- dh
lHkh ijh{kk;sa mÙkh.kZ gks] rnqijkUr lk{kkRdkj esa Hkh mÙkh.kZ
gks] rc dgha dysDVj ok vU; mPpkf/kdkjh cu ik;sxkA
tc vkt Hkh leku vf/kdkj ugha cfYd ;Fkk;ksX;rkokn gS]
fQj n;kuUn dks nks”kh ekudj ikxyiu dks D;ksa mtkxj
fd;k x;k gS\ vc rFkkdfFkr ‘kwnz fgrSf”k;ksa ok tUeuk
tkr&ikr feVkus dk ik[k.M djus okyksa] Hkxoku~ euq ok
Hkxoku~ n;kuUn dh vkykspuk djus okyksa dks pqukSrh ns jgk
gw¡ fd tUeuk vkj{k.k dh Hkh[k ekaxus okys] blds fy,
tUeuk tkfr Áek.k i= ysus gsrq dk;kZy;ksa esa pDdj yxkus
okys] LokFkZ gsrq Lo;a dks nfyr] fiNM+k dgus okys D;k
leku vf/kdkj dh ckr djus ds vf/kdkjh gSa \ nfyrksa ds
uke dh jktuhfr djuk ljy gS ijUrq lekurk dk
vkpj.k djuk mruk gh dfBu gSA vc Mk- vjksM+k dk
ewfrZiwtk Ádj.k ysrs gSaA os fy[krh gSa&

^êwfrZiwtk ds fo”k; esa Ácq) vk;ksZa dk n`f”Vdks.k ‘kq) vk;ksZa ls
fHkUu gSA ;fn Lokeh n;kuUn ds opuksa dks gh Áek.k ekuk tk;s]
rks ewfrZiwtk ?kksj iki gSA ,d fujkdkj bZ’oj dh mikluk gh djuh
;ksX; gSA ;g ckr oSfnd erkuqdwy ugha gSA osn ds fdlh Hkh ea=
esa ;k fdlh Le`fr esa ;g ugha fy[kk fd ewfrZiwtk iki gSA osn esa
vfXu] bUnz] lw;Z] pUnzek] ok;q] ouLifr vkfn dks nsork dgk gSA
bu nsoksa dh mikluk ‘kkjhfjd] ekufld o vkfRed mUufr esa
lgk;d gS-------,d bZ’oj dh mikluk vkSj ewfrZiwtk dk fojks/k
lkeh ¼ ;gwnh] bZlkbZ vkSj bLyke ½ erksa dh nsu gSA bUgha ds jkSc
esa vkdj Lokeh n;kuUn th us ewfrZiwtk dks iki dgk vkSj fy[kk
gS-----A**
leh{kk& ysf[kdk dk nEHk nsf[k;s fd lkjs osn o Le`fr;ksa ij

vf/kdkj trk fn;kA vk;Z txr~ ds vuk;Z lEiknd Jh mn;ohj
th fojkt us ^pksjh lhuk tksjh* dh dgkor pfjrkFkZ djrs gq,
ewfrZiwtk ds fojks/k esa gels oSfnd Áek.k ekaxs gSaA ¼ns[ksa& vk;Z txr~
7 tqykbZ 2002] i`”B& 6 ij i= txr~ esa½A
ÁFke rks eSa iwNrk gw¡ fd ewfrZiwtk ds leFkZu esa rks vc

rd lalkj dk dksbZ fo}ku~ ,d Áek.k Hkh u ns ldkA rc ;s
fojkt ok vjksM+k dkSu gSa\ ijUrq gels fojks/k esa 20&25 Áek.k
lEiknd us ekaxs gSaA bl fo”k; esa lR;kFkZ Ádk’k ds 11 oas
leqYykl esa vPNk Ádk’k Mkyk gSA
Á’u& ewfrZiwtk esa iq.; ugha] rks iki rks ugha gSA
mÙkj& deZ nks gh Ádkj ds gksrs gSa& 1- fofgr& tks drZO;rk ls

osn esa lR; Hkk”k.kkfn Áfrikfnr gSaA nwljk fuf”k)& tks vdrZO;rk
ls feF;k Hkk”k.kkfn osn esa fuf”k) gSaA tSls fofgr dk vuq”Bku
djuk /keZ] mldk u djuk v/keZ gS] oSls gh fuf”k) deZ dk
djuk v/keZ vkSj u djuk /keZ gSA tc osn esa fuf”k) ewfrZiwtkfn
deZ rqe djrs gks] rks ikih D;ksa ugha\

lk/kkj.k cqf) dh ckr gS fd osn û rL; Áfrek∙fLr*
32@3] ^vdk;eoz.keLukfoje~* ;tq- 40@4] ^vikfnUnzks* _- ;tq-
8@69@11] ^fo’or’p{kq fo’orks eq[kks fo’orks ckgq fo’orLikr~*
;tq- 17@19] ^rnUrjL; loZL; rnq loZL;kL; ckár%* ;tq-
40@3] ûSuew/oZa u fr;Z´~pa u e/;s ifjtxzHkr~* ;tq- 32@2]
^lglz’kh”kkZ iq#”k% lglzk{k% lglzikr~* ;tq- 31@1 vusd= bZ’oj
dks fujkdkj] Áfrekjfgr rFkk loZO;kid dg jgk gSA rc mls
Áfrek okyk ekudj iwtuk vlr~ fopkj] vlr~ O;ogkj o vlr~
deZ gqvk ok ugha\ osn fo#) gqvk ok ugha\ fQj vlR; dk
vkpj.k iki gksrk gSA vlR; vkpj.k okys dks osn us vusd=
ikih dgk gSA ns[kks] mu ikfi;ksa dh xfr&
1- vlUuLRoklr bUnz oDrk] vFkoZ- 8@4@8

vFkkZr~ gs bUnz! vlR;oknh dk loZuk’k gksA
2- rfnr~ lkseks∙ofr gUR;klr~] vFkoZ- 8@4@12

vFkkZr~ bZ’oj! lR; dh j{kk o vlR; dk uk’k djrk gSA
3- ;fn okgeu`rnsoks vfLe] vFkoZ- 8@4@14

;gk¡ >wB cksyus okys ds uk’k dk ladsr gSA
4- lR;a /kwoZUrefpra U;ks”k] vFkoZ- 8@3@21

vFkkZr~ lR; dk uk’k djus okys vpsr dks tyk nsA
vc Hkh D;k iki ugha ekuksxs\ dksbZ dgs fd dcwrj uked

i{kh gh] euq”; gS vksj nwljs LFkku ij U;k;k/kh’k dgs fd tks
feF;kHkk”kh gksxk] og ikih o n.Muh; gksxkA rc leLr Ácq)ks ,oa
lEiknd o ysf[kdk! crkvks dcwrj dks euq”; crkus okyk ikih o
n.Muh; gqvk ok ugha] tcfd mls n.Muh; lh/kk crk;k gh ugha
x;kA eSa Ácq) Jh mn;ohj th fojkt ok Mk- lkfgck ls iwNrk gw¡
fd vki dgsa] ^ge mPp f’kf{kr o lnkpkjh euq”; gSaA* nwljs LFkku
ij dgsa] ^tks foijhr vkpj.k djsxk] mls ikih o n.Muh; ekuk

tk;sxkA* rc dksbZ eupyk O;fDr vkidks egkew[kZ] nqjkpkjh] okuj]
dPNi] liZ] ojkg vkfn crkdj vkids lkFk viuh feF;k ekU;rk
ds vuqlkj vkpj.k djs] rks vki mls ikih ekudj D;k n.M ugha
nsax\s iqu% vkSj lef>;s&
vki fdlh Nk= dks dgsa& ^^le; dk ikyu djksA d{kk esa
v/;;u gh djksA oL= ;Fkkor~ ifguksA ijLij feydj jgksA** ;fn
dksbZ Nk= vle; vk;s o tk;sA d{kk esa ’kksj epk;sA is.V ds
LFkku ij deht vkSj deht ds LFkku ij is.V yVdk;sA lcls
yM+kbZ&c[ksM+k djsA rc vkidh n`f”V esa og ikih o n.Muh; gqvk
ok ugha\ ;fn gk¡] rks eSa vki nksuksa ekU; vgadkjh Ácq)ksa ls Áek.k
20&25 ugha] cfYd ,d gh Áek.k ekuwaxk fd dgk¡ vkius ,sl s
O;ogkj djus dk fu”ks/k fd;k gS\ dgks! fojkt egk’k; ok
Ák/;kfidk egksn;k! gels ewfrZiwtk dks iki crkus okys 20&25
Áek.k ekaxrs gks o ewfrZiwtk dks osn ds vuqdwy ekurs gks\ vjs
egkuqHkkoks! vius vgadkj dks R;kxdj ns[kks] }s”kh] ikih Hkkouk dk
mius= mrkj dj /;ku ls ns[kksA osn esa tSlk bZ’oj crk;k] mlds
foijhr mls euq”;] Ik’kq] i{kh ekudj foijhrkpj.k dj viekfur
dj iki fd;k] rks mls n.M D;ksa ugha feysxk\ fdrus Áek.k nwwa
vkidh ik’pkR;kuqofrZuh cqf) D;k le>sxh\ vusd= osn us dgk
fd og ,d gS] mlh ds vusd uke gSa] rnfi vkius n;kuUn ij
;g vk{ksi yxk;k fd bZlkbZ] eqlyekuksa ds jkSc esa vkdj n;kuUn
us ,ds’ojokn dk leFkZu o ewfrZiwtk dk fojks/k fd;kA vkidks ;g
fy[kus esa rfud Hkh yTtk ugha vk;h! eSa iwNrk gw¡ fd bZlkbZ vkSj
eqlyekuksa dk [k.Mu ¼_f”k us½ D;k vkids iqj[kksa] tks cM+s
cy’kkyh o ,s’o;Zoku~ ewfrZiwtd gksax]s ds Mj ls fd;k Fkk\ tjk
crkvks] mu iqj[kksa ds uke rkfd ns[ksa bl uohu bfrgkl ds Lo:i
dks ¼\½ ;kn j[kks ewfrZiwtk Hkys dh de iki gks ijUrq vkidk ;g
}s”kiw.kZ O;ogkj ?kksj iki gSA
vkxs vkidk fy[kuk gS&

^^Ácq) vk;Z lekth mnkj gSA ‘kkdkgkj vkSj ekalkgkj ds
fo”k; esa Hkh muds fopkj ‘kq) vk;Z lekft;ksa ls fHkUu gSaA -------
-- ekalkgkj ls vk;Z gksus vkSj u gksus dk dqN lEca/k ugha gSA /keZ
eu dh oLrq gS] ru dh ughaA vFkoZosn ds 9osa dk.M esa lwDr 6
ds Ik;kZ; 3 o 4 esa vfrfFk dks ekal f[kykus ds ykHk vkSj u
f[kykus ds nks”k foLrkj ls crk;s gSaA vr% ‘kkdkgkj dks vk;ZRo ls
tksM+uk fujFkZd gSA**
leh{kk& blls fl) gqvk fd ysf[kdk mlh ik’pkR; dfFkr osnfonksa

ok lk;.k vkfn dh vuqxkfeuh gS] ftldk Ápkj vktdy vusd
vaxstz h i=] if=dk;sa dj jgs gSaA lEiknd us Hkh ekalkgkj ds fojks/k
esa osn Áek.k ekaxdj Lo;a dks ekalHk{kh fl) fd;k gS ok ekal
leFkZdA ysf[kdk dks ^mnkj* ‘kCn dk Á;ksx djus esa tjk Hkh yTtk
ugha vk;hA tks {kqnzre thoksa dh Hkh fgalk ugha djrk] og
‘kkdkgkjh vuqnkj vkSj ftu jk{klo`fÙk ds yksxksa us vusd Ik’kq
if{k;ksa dks ekj&2 dj vius mnj bu funksZ”k Ákf.k;ksa ds ‘e’kku
LFky cuk fy;s gSa] os mnkj o n;kyq gks x;s\ yxrk gS ysf[kdk dks
lfUuikr gks x;k gS ok ekufld mUekn] ftlds o’khHkwr vU;Fkk
cM+cM+k;k gSA eSa bu nksuksa JheUrksa ls iwNrk gw¡ fd dksbZ rFkkdfFkr
mnkj ¼\½ Ácq) ekalHkksth n;k ¼\½ ds o’khHkwr gksdj vkids lkFk
mnkjrk ¼\½ fn[kkdj cdjs&ewxZs&lwvj ds lkFk vkidk ekal ÁkIr
djus dk Á;kl djs] rc vkidh Ácqf) mls mnkj dgsxh ok Øwj
nq”V ekudj mldk Áfrdkj djsxh\ D;k euq”;srj Ákf.k;ksa dks
ekjuk mnkjrk vkSj euq”; dk ekal [kkuk Øwjrk gS\ ;g dkSu lk
/keZ gS\ vjs fdlh Ácq) uke/kkjh dks ekal gh [kkuk gS] rks eyew=
Hkksth lwvj vFkok cdjs] eqxsZ] fgju] dNqok] eNyh] dqÙks ok lkai
dks gh D;ksa [kk;s\ lqUnj esok] fe”Bku] Qykfn [kkus okys euq”; dk
Bhd jgsxk vkSj euq”;ksa esa Hkh rFkkdfFkr Ácq) dk vPNk jgs]
ftlls og Hkh cqf)eku~ gks tk;s vkSj vki tSlksa dk gks] rks dguk
gh D;k] ftlls n;kuUn ok vU; _f”k;ksa dh es/kk dk Hkh enpwj
djus okyk ÁKkoku~ cu tk;s\ dgks! D;k [kwc jgsxk\ ysf[kdk dh
n’kZu dh ;ksX;rk nsf[k;s& ^^/keZ eu dh oLrq gS] ru dh ugha** eSa
iwNrk gw¡ fd ru ls dqN Hkh djks] mldks v/keZ ugha dgk tk;sxk
D;k\ D;k eu ds fcuk ru vkSj ru ds vHkko esa lkekU; fLFkfr
esa eu dqN dj ik;sxk\ D;k vkRek ds vHkko esa nksuksa gh dqN dj

ldrs gSa\ rc budk ikjLifjd lEca/k udkjus dk ikxyiu dSls
lw>k\ eSa iwNrk gw¡ fd ;fn ekal [kkuk ru dk dke gS] vr% /keZ
ls bldk dksbZ lEca/k ugha] rc O;fHkpkj djuk] pksjh djuk] Mkdk
Mkyuk] tqvk [ksyuk] feF;kpkj djuk] vi’kCn cksyuk D;k ;s Hkh
ru ds deZ gksus ls v/keZ ugha gksaxs\ rc vkidk dkYifud ok
LoIuyksd dk n’kZu fdls v/keZ ekurk gS\
D;k Jh mn;ohj egk’k;! vc Hkh Áek.k ekaxksxs\ rks og

Hkh yhft,&
1- ^bea ek fgalhf}Zikna Ik’kqe~* ;tqosZn 13@47

bl nks [kqj okys Ik’kq dh fgalk er djksA
2- ^bea ek fgalhjsd’kQa Ik’kqe~* ;tq- 13@48

bl ,d [kqj okys Ik’kq dh fgalk er djksA
3- êk uks fgafl”V f}inks ek prq”in%* vFkoZ- 11@2@1

gekjs euq”;ksa vkSj Ik’kqvksa dks u”V u djksA
4- ^;tekuL; Ik’kwu~ ikfg* ;tq- 1@1

;teku~ ds Ik’kqvksa dh j{kk djA
5- ^vj#”kks /kwfrZ% Á.k³~ eR;ZL;* _- 1@18@3

fgald euq”; dh fouk’kdkjh ‘kfDr loZFkk u”V gks tk;sA
6- êk lzs/kr* _- 7@32@9

vFkkZr~ fgalk er djksA
7- ^Átk% rUok ek fgalh%* ;tq- 12@32

‘kjhj ls Átkvksa dks er ekjA
8- ^fe=L;kga p{kq”kk lokZf.k Hkwrkfu leh{ks* ;tq- 36@12

eSa lc Ákf.k;ksa dks fe= dh n`f”V ls ns[krk gw¡A

9- ^fe=L; p{kq”kk leh{kkegs* ;tq- 36@12
ge fe= dh n`f”V ls ns[ksaA
vKkuh ekalHkksth ysf[kdk egksn;k ok lEiknd th! D;k vkSj

Áek.k pkfg,A ;fn gk¡] rks dqN viuh vk¡[kksa ls Hkh ns[kksA gekjs
gh vka[k ugha gSa] vkids Hkh gSaA D;k fgalk fcuk ekal feysxk\ ;fn
fgalk djks] rks osnfo#) o n.Muh; vijk/k gksxkA vks] vk¡[kksa okys
Ácq)ks! ns[kks] osnksa esa vusd= fgald nq”Vksa dks ihl&2 dj ekjus
dk vkns’k gSA fgald jk{klksa dks ihl&2 dj gh vk;Z jke us ekjk
FkkA D;k os gh jk{kl vc tUe ysdj vkids Á’kalk ik= ds :i esa
rks ugha vk x;s gSa\ lquks! Ekuq”; dc Ik’kqvksa dks ekjrk gS&
^^;= fo tk;rs;feU;irqZ% lk Ik’kwu~ f{k.kkfr fjQrh :’krh**

vFkoZ- 3@28@1 ftl voLFkk esa cqf) fo’ks”k fcxM+ tkrh gSA rc
‘kL=?kkr ls ekjrh gqbZ rFkk vU; mik;ksa ls gR;k djrh gqbZ Ik’kqvksa
dks u”V djrh gSA dgks] mn;ohj egk’k; ok ysf[kdk egksn;k! vki
rFkk vkids }kjk ifjHkkf”kr ok Á’kaflr Ácq)ksa dh cqf) fo’ks”k
:is.k fcxM+ rks ugha x;h gS\ vU;Fkk D;ksa ekalkgkj dks mfpr
crkrs vkSj blds fo#) osn ds Áek.k ekaxrs\
bl vKkuh ysf[kdk us vFkoZosn esa ekal Hk{k.k dk Áek.k fn;k

gS ijUrq yxrk ,slk gS fd Lo;a mlus bl Ádj.k dks i<+k rFkk
fopkjk ugha gSA ns[kks] ogk¡ D;k fy[kk gS&
^^Átka p ok ,”k Ik’kwa’p x`gk.kke’ukfr ;% iwoksZ∙frFksj’ukfrA**

vFkoZ- 9@6 ¼i;kZ;½ 3@4 vFkkZr~ og x`gLFk fu’p; djds Átk
vkSj Ik’kqvksa dk Hk{k.k vFkkZr~ uk’k djrk gS] tks vfrfFk ls ifgys
[kkrk gSA bldk rkRi;Z gqvk tks x`gLFk vfrfFk ls iwoZ Hkkstu dj
ysrk gS mlds Átk o Ik’kq u”V gksrs gSaA ;fn dksbZ dgs fd Hk{k.k
dk vFkZ uk’k gksuk ugha cfYd [kkuk gksrk gSA rc Hkh eSa dgw¡xk fd
mldk vFkZ gqvk fd tks vfrfFk ls iwoZ Hkkstu dj ysrk gS og
ekuks viuh Átk vkSj Ik’kqvksa dks [kkrk gSA bldk Hkh vk’k; ;gh

gqvk fd Ik’kq [kkuk iki gksrk gSA tSls dksbZ dgs] ^;fn eSa feF;kpkj
d:a] rks ekuks xksjDr dk iku d:a* bldk vFkZ vkidh Ácqf) D;k
djsxh] ;g rks vki yksx tkusa ijUrq vYicqf) okyk Hkh ;gh dgsxk
fd ;gk¡ xksjDr iku dk fo/kku ugha gS] cfYd mls iki dgk gSA
,slk yxrk gS fd vkidh cqf) dks ;gk¡ Hkh ydok ekj x;k gS
vkSj og Hkh vf/kd ekal [kkus ok mlh ds Lokn esa eXu jgus ok
u feyus ij ‘kksdxzLr jgus ls gks x;k gksxkA nwljs Ádkj fopkjsa&
;fn Hk{k.k dk vFkZ [kkuk gh gks] rks Átk dk Hk{k.k D;k viuh
lUrku dks [kkuk gksxk ok fdlh Hkh Ik’kq dks\ bl iwjs Ádj.k esa
b”V] iwrZ] ijkØe] cqf)] dhfrZ] ;’k] ,s’o;Z vkfn ds Hk{k.k dk
o.kZu gS] rks D;k budks [kk;k tk ldrk gS\ vkius rks budk Lokn
p[kk gh gksxk\ ,slk ugha gksrk] rks vkiesa cqf) gksrh ghA irk ugha
vius fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks i<+krha D;k o dSls gSa\ brus Ácy Áek.kksa ds
jgrs vxys i;kZ; esa êkale~* dk vFkZ ekal djuk efrHkz”Vrk gh
gksxhA ;gk¡ euu lk/kd ¼cqf)o/kZd½ inkFkZ dk uke ekal gSA D;k
,d ‘kCn ds vusd vFkZ ugha gksrs\ rc D;k Ádj.kkuqdwy vFkZ dk
xzg.k djuk ugha pkfg,\ fQj vkidks D;k jksx yxk gS] tks myVk
gh fn[kk;h ns jgk gS\
gs Ácq) uke okyks! ys[k D;k] bl ij ,d iqLrd fy[kh tk
ldrh ijUrq vki tSlksa ds fy, ;g ys[k gh i;kZIr gSaA blh dk
mÙkj ns nsuk] ;fn vkiesa lkgl gS] rksA lEiknd th ls fo’ks”k
vuqjks/k gS fd bls Ádkf’kr djus dh —ik djsaA Hkk”kk dBksj o
O;aX;ksfDriw.kZ gks x;h gS] tks lkekU;r;k mfpr ugha dgh tk ldrh
ijUrq gekjs xq:.kka xq#% n;kuUn ij nks”kkjksi.k djus okys nqLlkglh
,oa vKkuh ds lkFk dSls e/kqj Hkk”kk dk Á;ksx gksos] ;g esjs fopkj
ls ijs dh ckr gSA gk¡] dgha =qfV gks] rks la’kks/ku gks ldrk gSA
ÁHkq —ik djsa fd bu Ácq)ksa esa cqf) vkos vkSj ge lHkh

feydj _f”k dh t; eukosa vkSj ^^laJqrsu xesefgA ekJqrsu
fojkf/kf”kA**
bfr ‘ke~

dqN vU; lEHkkfor 'kadkvksa dk lek/kku
‘kadk ¼1½& lR;kFkZ Ádk’k ds v”Ve leqYykl esa egf”kZ n;kuUn th

us lw;kZfn yksdksa esa Hkh euq”;kfn Átk dk gksuk fy[kk gSA orZeku
foKku ds vuqlkj lw;Z ds ry ij rkieku 4000&70000 C rd
gSA mlds Hkh Åij dksjksuk uked vR;Ur pedhyk Hkkx gksrk gS
tks yxHkx 2 yk[k 0C rd xeZ gksrk gSA lw;Z ry ij gtkjksa
fdeh- Å¡ph&2 Áp.M vfXu dh Tokyk;sa mBrh jgrh gSaA Hk;adj
lkSj rwQku vkrs jgrs gSaA vusd foLQksV gksrs jgrs gSaA ogk¡ ij
fdlh rRo ds ,Ve Hkh dsoy vk;uksa ds :i esa jg ldrs gSa ] tks
LoPNUn fopj.k djrs jgrs gSaA bl voLFkk dks IykTek voLFkk
dgrs gSaA ,slh voLFkk esa euq”;kfn Átk dk gksuk dSls lEHko gS\
,slh fLFkfr esa ‘kjhj ds vo;oksa dk vfLrRo dSls lEHko gS\ ;g
ckr loZFkk voSKkfud o cqf)fo#) gksus ls lR;kFkZ Ádk’k ds Åij
,d Hkkjh dyad gh Árhr gksrh gSA vk’p;Z gS fd foKku o lR;
ds egku~ leFkZd egf”kZ th us ,slh feF;k ckr dSls fy[k nh\ vkt
ds oSKkfud ;qx esa bl ckr ls migkl ds vfrfjDr vkSj D;k
miyfC/k gks ldrh gS\
lek/kku& ;g Á’u oLrqr% vusd mPp Lrjh; vk;Z fo}kuksa dks Hkh
my>u esa Mkys gSaA yxHkx 12-13 o”kZ iwoZ xq#dqy ;equkuxj
¼gj;k.kk½ ds mRlo esa x;k FkkA ml le; iwT; Jh vkpk;Z cynso
th] dkyok us Hkh eq>ls ;gh ‘kadk O;Dr dh FkhA ml le; eSaus
;gh dgk Fkk fd vHkh bl ij fopkj ugha fd;k gSA nsgjknwu ds
ia- bZ’ojn;kyq th vk;Z us blh fcUnq ij leLr vk;Z txr~ dks
vR;Ur vlH; Hkk”kk esa ‘kkL=kFkZ ds fy, pqukSrh nh FkhA esjs ikl
Hkh i= vk;k Fkk ijUrq eSaus vius y{; dh xEHkhjrk dks n`f”Vxr
j[kdj ml pqukSrh dks dksbZ egRo ugha fn;k vkSj fdlh us ml
pqukSrh ij /;ku fn;k] ,slk esjh tkudkjh esa ugha vk;k ijUrq vc
tcfd gekjs dqN U;kfl;ksa fo’ks”kdj ÁksQslj olUr dqekj th
enulqj]s vdksyk ,oa ia- fofiu fcgkjh th vk;Z] eFkqjk us esjs dqN
le; iwoZ esa Ádkf’kr nks ys[kksa dks iqfLrdk ds :i esa Ádkf’kr

djus dk fo’ks”k vkxzg fd;k] rks bl Ádkj dqN vU; Á’uksa ij Hkh
laf{kIr mÙkj fy[kus dk Hkh vkxzg fd;kA bl dkj.k vc bldk
mÙkj nsus dk Á;kl dj jgk gw¡A
ikBd x.k! oLrqr% vk;Z lekt ds fo}kuksa }kjk oSKkfud

n`f”Vdks.k dh mis{kk ,oa osn ds oSKkfud Lo:i ds frjLdkj dk
;gh Qy gksxk fd ;s ,sls Á’uksa ij ;k rks ekSu lk/ks vieku dk
?kwaV ihrs jgsa vFkok Lo;a Hkh Ácq) vk;ksZa dks osn dh mis{kk ds xrZ
esa /kdsyus ds ijks{k Hkkxhnkj cusaA esjs oSfnd foKku vuqla/kku dh
fo}kuksa }kjk mis{kk ls rks ;gh nq%[kn lR; ÁR;{k gks jgk gSA vLrq]
vc vkids Á’u ij vkrs gSaA oLrqr% ge Ák;% vius lkeF;Z]
ifjos’k o LoHkko ls rqyuk djrs gq, gh vU;ksa ij fopkj djrs gSaA
ge Ák;% 0&500C rd ds rki esa jgus ds vH;Lr gksrs gSaA ml
ij Hkh vusd lk/kuksa dk mi;ksx djds gh ,slk dj ikrs gSa] ftlls
‘kjhj dk rki fu;af=r jg ldsA dbZ tho fo’ks”kdj /kzqoh; Áns’kksa
ds tho yxHkx &500C ok &600C rki ij Hkh fcuk fdlh
lk/kuksilk/kuksa ds eLr jgrs gSaA m/kj leqnz dh vR;Ur xgjkbZ;ksa
esa tgk¡ ty dk vR;Ur ncko jgrk gS] ogk¡ yxHkx 2000C ok
blls Hkh Åij rki ij mcyrs ty dh /kkjk esa Hkh thoksa dks ns[kk
x;k gSA bl Ádkj yxHkx &600C ls ysdj 2000C vFkkZr~ 2600C
rkikUrj ds {ks= esa thoksa dks ns[kk x;k gSA lEHko gS blls Hkh cM+s
rkikUrjky esa Hkh bl viuh ifjfpr i`fFkoh ij gh thoksa dh lÙkk
gksA bl rkikUrjky ij ekuo dk LokHkkfod voLFkk esa jguk
dnkfi lEHko ughaA bl Ádkj ds thoksa dh [kkst ls iwoZ dksbZ Hkh
buds vfLrRo ij ‘kadk gh djrk gksxk ijUrq vc ;g ckr
‘kadkLin ugha jghA ijUrq dksbZ dgs fd bl rki ij jguk vyx
ckr gS vkSj lw;Z dh mi;qZDr IykTekoLFkk esa jguk blls vR;Ur
fHkUu ckr gSA vkt rks ;g fo”k; Hkh cM+k fookfnr gS fd D;k bl
i`fFkoh ds ckgj vU;= dgha Ák.kh jgrs Hkh gSa ok ugha\ mM+u
rLrjh dh dgkfu;ka ,oa vU; yksdksa ls euq”; tkfr ds Ákf.k;ksa dk
bl /kjrh ij vkus dh ppkZ ,d yEcs dky ls lquh tkrh jgh gSA
vusd oSKkfudksa dh n`f”V esa ijxzgh thoksa dk vfLrRo fl) gS] rks
dksbZ ekuus ds fy, rS;kj ughaA orZeku esa viuh ÁfrHkk ds fy,

fo’o Hkj esa Áfl) oSKkfud LVhQu gkWfdal ijxzgh thoksa dh lÙkk
ds Ácy leFkZd gSaA
fMLdojh Vh-oh- pSuy ij dbZ ckj os bl fo”k; esa Ácy
nkok djrs ns[ks o lqus gSaA fnukad 09-07-10 ‘kqØokj dks eSaus
mudks lqukA os dg jgs Fks] ^^fd Ák.kh ty ds vHkko esa -1960C
ds vR;Ur de rki ij rjy ukbVªkstu ij fuHkZj jg ldrs gSa]**
vFkkZr~ fcuk ty Hkh thou lEHko gSA vc rd leLr oSKkfud
txr~ thou ds fy, ty dk gksuk vfuok;Z ekurk FkkA thou dh
[kkst esa pUnzek] eaxy ok nwjLFk xzgksa ij ty dh [kkst ds Hkkjh
Á;kl gq, ,oa vHkh Hkh lrr ;s Á;kl gks jgs gSaA vxj dgha FkksM +s
Hkh ladsr ty dh lÙkk ds feys] rks oSKkfudksa us ml [kkst dks
thou dh [kkst dh fn’kk esa vfr egRo fn;k ijUrq vc LVhQu
gkWfdal dk mi;qZDr dFku ;g ladsr dj jgk gS fd thou ds fy,
ty (H2O) dk gksuk vfuok;Z ugha gSA rc mu Ákf.k;ksa ds ty
foghu ‘kjhj dSls gksaxs\ muds Hkkstu dh D;k o dSls O;oLFkk
gksxh\ ;g lc vc fofp= gks x;k gS vkSj bl oSfp=~; dks ‘kuS%&2
foKku LokHkkfod ekuus dh fn’kk esa c<+ jgk gSA LVhQu gkWfdal
tyfoghu Ák.kh dh vo/kkj.kk ls cgqr vkxs c<+dj mlh mi;qZD r
dk;ZØe esa dgrs gSa& ^îjxzgh tho xSlksa ds cus Hkh gks ldrs gSa]
tks yxkrkj dM+dus okyh fo|qr~ ls ÅtkZ ys ldrs gSaA ,sls xzg
c`gLifr o ‘kfu gks ldrs gSaA mlds vkxs dgrs gSa fd dqN tho
viuh mez dk c<+uk jksddj vej gks x;s gksaA **
eSa vc vkils Á’u djuk pkgw¡xk fd D;k vc rd vkius

dHkh lkspk Hkh Fkk fd gkWfdal tSlk fo’o dk egku~ oSKkfud
Ákf.k;ksa ds xSlh; ‘kjhj dh lÙkk Hkh ekusxkA lkFk gh dqN Ákf.k;ksa
}kjk vej gksus dh lEHkkouk dks Hkh Lohdkj djsxkA gkWfdal ds
erkuqlkj vki lkspsa] rks ik;saxs fd ,sls ijxzgh thoksa ds ân;]
QsQM+s] efLr”d] vfLFk;ka] jDr] ekal] eTtk vkfn Hkh ugha gksaxs]
rc dSls ‘kjhjksa dh dYiuk gkWfdal dj jgs gSa\ mudh bl dYiuk
ij dksbZ cqf)thoh] ukfLrd ‘kadk ugha djsxk] D;ksafd og gkWfdal
dks ,d egkoSKkfud ekudj mudh gj ckr dks Áek.k ekusxk
ijUrq ogh cqf)thoh egf”kZ n;kuUn th ij Á’u djsxk] D;ksafd
_f”kRo mlds fy, dksbZ egRo ugha j[krkA tjk lkspas fd gkWfdal ds
;s ijxzgh tho fo|qr~ dh xM+xM+kgV ls gh ÅtkZ ys ldrs gSa] rc
muds fy, vkgkj] ‘olu] jDrifjlapj.k ra= dh vko’;drk gh
ugha jghA tjk lkspsa fd ÅtkZ dh rks iwfrZ gks x;hA vkgkj ugha
gksxk] rks ey foltZu dh Hkh vko’;drk ughaA Átuu ra= o
raf=dk ra= dSls dke djsaxs ,oa os ra= xSlh; voLFkk okys dSls
gksaxs\ ;g ckr vki dSls ekusaxs\ ;fn bls ekusax]s rks vkidks
fuosnu dj nw¡ fd IykTek voLFkk xSlh; voLFkk ls ,d pj.k
vfxze voLFkk ek= gSA rc IykTek voLFkk okys lw;Z ij Ák.kh dk
gksuk] dSls lEHko ugha\ D;k bldks Hkh gkWfdal ekusa] rHkh vkidks
Lohdkj gksxk\ vkidks rks egf”kZ th dh ÁfrHkk ij vk’p;Z gksuk
pkfg, fd fcuk fdlh oSKkfud lalk/kuksa rFkk orZeku xf.kr fo|k
dks i<+s egf”kZ us viuh ÁfrHkk] ;ksxcy ,oa osnfo|k ds cy ij gh
,sls jgL;ksa dk mn~?kkVu fd;k] tks ml le; rd lalkj ds fdlh
Hkh oSKkfud ds fy, vKkr o vdYiuh; FksA xSlh; voLFkk okys
‘kjhjksa dh lÙkk Hkh gkWfdal dks vc le> esa vk;h gSA vusd Ádkj
ds ok;q;kukfn ;a=ksa dk fuekZ.k Hkh egf”kZ ds Ik’pkr~ gh lalkj ds
fodflr foKku us fd;k] tcfd egf”kZ us ,sls gh ugha vfirq vkt
ls Hkh mR—"V foekuksa dk ladsr vius osnHkk”; esa fd;k FkkA ml
le; if’peh oSKkfud ;fn _f”k dk osnHkk”; i<+s gksrs] rks mlh
rjg vfo’okl djrs] ftl rjg vki lw;Z ij Ákf.k;ksa dh lÙkk ij
vfo’okl dj jgs gSa ijUrq dqN le; Ik’pkr~ bls Hkh fl) gh
ik;saxsA LVhQu gkWfdal xSlh; Ák.kh dh dYiuk ls rks vkt Hkh ;g
yxHkx fl)or~ gSA
Á’u& _f”k lw;kZfn ij jgus okys thoksa ds ‘kjhj] vax Hkh gekjh
vis{kk dqN Hksn ls ekurs gSa] bl fo”k; esa vki D;k dguk gS\
mÙkj& ftu yksdksa ij Ákf.k;ksa ds ‘kjhj vk—froku~ gSa] ogk¡ _f”k

dk dFku ;Fkkor~ mfpr gS ijUrq lw;kZfn rkjksa ok dqN xzgksa esa tgk¡
Ákf.k;kssa ds ‘kjhj xSl ok IykTek ls cus gSa] ogk¡ _f”k ds dFku dk
vk’k; ;g gS fd mu Ákf.k;ksa esa Hkh bfUnz;k¡ vius&2 dk;Z djrh
gSaA ogk¡ us=kfn vax Hkh IykTek ls cus gksrs gSaA vkRek o lw{e
‘kjhj rks lc yksdksa esa leku gSaA os u tyrs gSa vkSj u xyrs gh
gSaA LFkwy ‘kjhj fofHkUu yksdksa ds ifjos’k ds vuqlkj Bksl] nzo] xSl
ok IykTek ds gks ldrs gSaA fofHkUu Ádkj ds Ák.kksa ds }kjk
fu;fU=r gksrs gSaA xSl ok IykTek ds {ks= Hkh fofHkUu Ák.kkfn ds
}kjk e;kZfnr o fu;fU=r gksdj dke djrs gSaA mu Ákf.k;ksa ds
O;ogkj Hkh rnuq:i gh gksrs gSaA
Á’u& egf”kZ êuq”;kfn* ‘kCn dk Á;ksx djrs gSa mlls D;k ;g

/ofur ugha gksrk fd egf”kZ nks gLr] nks ikn] nks us=kfn ;qDr ekuo
vkdkj dk Ák.kh gh eku jgs gSa u fd LVhQu gkWfdal ds leku
xSlh; ‘kjhj okys fo|qnkfn dh dM+d ls ÅtkZ xzg.k djus okys
fofp= thoksa dh lÙkk dh ckr dj jgs gSaA
mÙkj& euq”;kfn dk rkRi;Z i`fFkoh ij fo|eku euq”;kfn ds vkdkj

okyk Ák.kh gh xzg.k djuk mfpr ughaA egf”kZ ;kLd th euq”; dh
ifjHkk”kk djrs gq, dgrs gSa& êRok dekZf.k lhO;rhfr* vFkkZr~ tks
fopkjiwoZd deZ djrk gS] mls euq”; dgrs gSaA ;gk¡ bl ifjHkk”kk
ds vuqlkj _f”k n;kuUn th dk ;gh eUrO; gS fd lw;kZfn yksdksa esa
fo|eku Ák.kh Hkh euu ‘kfDrlEiUu gksrs gSaA os LFkwy raf=dk ra=
ls ;qDr Hkys gh u gksa ijUrq muesa cqf)] eu] bfUnz;ka vkfn lHkh
dh lÙkk ds lkFk IykTek voLFkk okys Kku rarqvksa ok vaxksa dh
lÙkk vo’; gksrh gS] ftlls os gekjh Hkkafr lEiw.kZ O;ogkj pykrs
gSaA
Á’u& êuq”;* in dk vFkZ vki viuh dYiuk ls djds egf”kZ th
dk vU/kk i{k ysdj muds dFku dk vkSfpR; fl) djus dk Á;kl
dj jgs gSaA vkidk ;g i{kikrh o iwokZxzgh Á;kl lQy ugha
gksxkA egf”kZ th us îw”k.ka Uo----mP;rs* _- 6@55@4 ds Hkk”; esa
^vtk’oe~* in dk vFkZ djrs gq, Li”V fy[kk gS fd lw;Z esa cdjh
o ?kksM+s fo|eku gSaA vc vki cdjh o ?kksM+s bu fgUnh inksa dk
;kSfxd vFkZ djus dk lkgl djsa vkSj crk;sa fd ;s cdjh o ?kksM+s
dSls gSa\
mÙkj& ÁFke eSa lR;kFkZ Ádk’k ij dh x;h ‘kadkvksa ds fuokj.k esa

lR;kFkZ Ádk’k dh n`f”V ls fopkj d:axkA egf”kZ th }kn’k

leqYykl esa tSu er ds [k.Mu djrs gq, bl Hkwxksy esa 132 lw;Z
rius dh ckr ij O;aX; djrs gq, fy[krs gSa& ^vc ns[kks HkkbZ! bl
Hkwxksy esa 132 lw;Z vkSj 132 pUnzek tSfu;ksa ds ?kj ij rirs
gksaxAs Hkyk tks rirs gksaxs] rks os dsls thrs gSa\* ;fn egf”kZ lw;Z esa
i`fFkoh ds euq”; ds leku vk—fr okys Ák.kh dh lÙkk dks ekurs]
rks lw;Z ls yxHkx 15 djksM+ fdeh- nwj i`fFkoh ij lw;Z ls vkus
okys Ádk’k o Å”ek ls gksus okys rki dk 132 xq.kk gksus ij
euq”; uked Ák.kh ds thfor jgus ij O;aX; ugha djrsA blls
fl) gqvk fd _f”k lw;Z ds ry ds rki ij i`fFkoh ij fo|eku
euq”;kfn vk—fr okys Ák.kh dh lÙkk ugha eku ldrsA vc osn Hkk”;
dh ppkZ ij vkrs gSaA egf”kZ th us bl ea= ds laL—r Hkkx esa
^vtk’oe~* in dk vFkZ ^vtk’pk’ok’pkfLe¡Lre~* fd;k gS vkSj
fgUnh esa ^ftlesa cdjh vkSj ?kksM+s fo|eku* ;g vFkZ fd;k gS ]
tcfd blls Bhd iwoZ okys ea= esa Hkh ^vtk’o* in vk;k gS]
ftldk vFkZ laL—r Hkkx esa ^vtks∙uqRiUuks fo|qn’oks ;L;
rRlEcq)kS* fd;k gS vkSj fgUnh Hkk”kk esa ^vfouk’kh fctqyh:i ?kksM +s
okys*] ;g vFkZ gSA vc fopkjsa fd ^vtk’o* nksuksa ea=ksa esa yxHkx
leku gSA iwoZ ea= esa ^vfouk’kh fctqyh:i ?kksM+s okys* vFkZ fd;k]
rks vxys gh ea= esa cdjh o ?kksM+s uked /kjrh ds Ák.kh dgk¡ ls
vk x;s\
tSlk fd dbZ vk;Z fo}ku~ ekurs gSa fd osnHkk”; esa vk;Z

Hkk”kk ¼fgUnh½ Hkk”; egf”kZ —r ugha gS] cfYd vU; fo}kuksa us fd;k
gS] eSa bl er ls lger gw¡A os fo}ku~ dgha&2 egf”kZ ds Hkko dks
u le> feF;k vFkZ dj x;s gSaA tgk¡&2 egf”kZ dk laL—r Hkk”;
iw.kZ Li”V ugha gqvk vFkkZr~ ‘kh?kzrko’k _f”k ;g fopkj djds fd
iwoZ Álax esa fn;s vFkkZuqlkj Hkk”kkys[kd Lo;a le> ysxk] viuk
Hkk”; dqN vLi”V NksM+ x;s] ogk¡ Hkk”kk ys[kdksa us viuh cqf) dk
gh vkJ; ysdj fcuk iwoZ vFkZ dks /;ku esa j[ks euekuk vFkZ dj
Mkyk] tSlk fd Åij Li”V gS fd iwoZ ea= esa ^vtk’o* in dk
Li”VkFkZ ^vtks∙uqRiUuks fo|qn’oks ;L; rRlEcq)kS* fd;k] ogha vxys
ea= esa ^vtk’oe~* dk vFkZ ^vtk’pk’ok’pkfLeWaLre~* djds ^vt* o
^v’o* nksuksa gh inksa dks ;Fkkor~ NksM+dj vkxs c<+ x;sA mUgksaus

lkspk fd tc ^vtk’o* in dk Li”V vFkZ Åij gS gh] rks Hkk”kk
ys[kd Lo;a ^vt* o ^v’o* inksa] tks Øe’k% fo’ks”k.k o fo’ks”; gSa]
dk vFkZ iwoZ ea= dks ns[kdj dj gh ysxk ijUrq Hkk”kkFkZ djus okys
us Åij ds ea= ds laL—r o Lo;a }kjk fd, x;s Hkk”kkFkZ dks Hkh
ns[kus dk Á;kl ugha fd;k vkSj ^cdjh* o ^?kksM+s* bu inksa dks
^vt* o ^v’o* ds vFkZ ds :Ik esa Fkksi fn;kA gesa egf”kZ ds
osnHkk”; esa fn;s laL—rHkk”; dks cgqr lko/kkuh ls ns[kuk pkfg,]
rHkh Hkk”kkFkZ Bhd gks ik;sxkA
Á’u& vki egf”kZ dh ekU;rk ds leFkZu esa LVhQu gkWfdal dks

Áek.k ekudj ÁLrqr dj jgs gSaA ;s gkWfdal rks bZ’oj o iqutZUe
dh ekU;rk dks udkj dj HkkSfrdh fu;eksa ds }kjk gh l`f”V mRifÙk
o lapkyu gksuk gh Lohdkj djrs gSaA bl fo”k; esa vki D;k
gkWfdal dks Áek.k ekusaxs\ ;fn gk¡] rks vkids egf”kZ o osnkfn ‘kkL=
feF;kfl) gks tk;saxs vkSj ;fn Áek.k ugha ekusaxs] rks dgha Áek.k
ekuuk] rks dgha u ekuuk rks LokFkZijrk gh dgyk;sxkA
mÙkj& lalkj esa dksbZ Hkh O;fDr iw.kZ ugha gksrkA dsoy ijekRek gh
iw.kZ gksrk gSA bl dkj.k ;g vko’;d ugha fd fdlh O;fDr ds
lHkh fopkjksa dk iw.kZ leFkZu fd;k tk;s ok iw.kZ fojks/k fd;k tk;sA
gesa lR; ds xzg.k o vlR; ds R;kx esa gh rRij jguk pkfg,A
tks&2 fopkj vkids vkRek dks mfpr] lR; Árhr gks a] mudk
Lohdkj vkSj tks foijhr Árhr gksa] mudk vLohdkj djuk gh U;k;
gSA vU/kkuqdj.k fdlh dk Hkh mfpr ughaA HkkSfrdh ds fu;eksa }kjk
l`f”V mRifÙk o lapkyu dh ckr dks egf”kZ ,oa muds vuq;k;h ge
lHkh Lohdkj gh djrs gSaA ge blds lkFk ,d dne vkxs c<+dj
;g vkSj dgrs gSa fd mu fu;eksa dk fu;ked ,d psru lÙkk gSA
fu;e Lo;a u rks curs gSa vkSj u os Lo;a fu;a=.k esa jgrs gSaA
gkWfdal dh iqLrd ^n xzk.M fMtk;u* dks ns[ks fcuk Hkkjrh; ehfM;k
us ftl ukfLrdrk dk iqjtksj Ápkj fd;k] og ew[kZrk ok “kM~;a= ds
vfrfjDr dqN ugha gSA iki dk Ápkj tksj ‘kksj ls gksrk gS vkSj
lR;&iq.; dk Ápkj ugha gksrk gSA Hkkjrh; ehfM;k] jktuhfr]
dfFkr cqf)oknh lHkh pkjokd er esa nhf{kr ukfLrd gks pqds gSaA
gkWfdal us bl iqLrd esa ckbfcy ds peRdkjh bZ’oj ds }kjk fcuk
fu;eksa ds viuh bPNk ek= ls ek= 6 fnuksa esa lEiw.kZ l`f”V jp
nsus ds peRdkj rFkk ckck vkne vkfn dh ekU;rkvksa dk [k.Mu
fd;k gSA mUgksaus iqLrd esa ckbfcy rFkk ckck vkne vkfn
ukeksYys[k iwoZd [k.Mu fd;k gSA vU; ns’kksa ds n’kZuksa ij Hkh dqN
ladsr fd;s gSa ijUrq dgha Hkkjrh; oSfnd vo/kkj.kk dh vksj dksbZ
ladsr ugha gSA ,slk Árhr gksrk gS fd ;k rks fgUnqvksa ds
cgqnsorkokn esa tdM+s gtkjksa er iUFkksa ds tky dks mUgksaus ;g
lkspdj vius fopkj esa ugha yk;k gks fd fgUnqvksa ds dSls bZ’oj
dks ekudj vius fopkj fy[kw¡\ vFkok os Hkkjrh; n’kZu ds Áfr
tkucw>dj mis{kk djrs gksaA oLrqr% tc rd oSfnd bZ’ojokn dk
lalkj Hkj esa Ápkj ugha gksxk] rc rd bZ’ojh; lÙkk ,oa mlds
lkFk&2 deZQy O;oLFkk] iqutZUe vo/kkj.kk lHkh dk migkl ,sl s
gh gksrk jgsxkA nqHkkZX; ls vkt rd dfFkr fgUnw lekt Lo;a oSfnd
fopkj/kkjk dks le>us dk Á;kl ugha dj jgk] rc gkWfdal dks nks”k
D;ksa nsa\ ;fn gkWfdal ds ikl oSfnd bZ’ojokn dks lqLi”V :is.k
ÁLrqr fd;k x;k gksrk vkSj os Hkh iwokZxzg ok vgadkj ls xzLr u
gksrs] rks bZ’ojkfn ekU;rkvksa dks udkjus dk dksbZ Hkh dkj.k mUgsa
ugha feyrkA eSa rks mUgsa /kU;okn gh nwaxk fd os bZlkb;ksa ds ns’k esa
jgdj Hkh ckbfcy dk Ácy [k.Mu dj jgs gSaA Hkkjr esa Hkh
oSKkfudksa dks iqjk.kh] tSuh] ckS)] dqjku] ckbZfcy vkfn dh
voSKkfud ekU;rkvksa dk [kqyk [k.Mu djuk pkfg,A rHkh lR;
/keZ dh vksj c<+us dh Áo`fÙk c<+sxh ijUrq blds fy, vk;Z fo}kuksa
dks viuk Áekn R;kxuk gksxkA

‘kadk ¼2)& lR;kFkZ Ádk’k esa egf”kZ us euq”;ksa dk ;qokoLFkk esa
i`fFkoh ls o`{kksa ds leku mRiUu gksuk fy[kk gSA cM+h gkL;kLin ckr
gS fd bl i`fFkoh ls iw.kZ ;qok euq”; ¼L=h o iq:”k½ vdLekr~
/kjkry dks QksM+ dj ckgj fudy vk;sA rc rks xk;] HkSal] HksM+]
cdjh] phrs] ‘ksj] gkFkh lHkh iw.kZ ;qokoLFkk esa /kjrh ls gh ckgj
fudys gksaxAs D;k fofp= xiksM+k gS\ fQj uke gS lR;kFkZ Ádk’k\
okLrfodrk ;g gS fd euq”; dh mRifÙk izfl) oSKkfud pkYlZ
MkfoZu ds vuqlkj vehck uked ,d dks’kh; izk.kh ls fodflr gksrs
gq, cUnj ds Ik'pkr~ Øe ls gksrh gSA
lek/kku& bl fo”k; esa eSa dqN le; iwoZ fy[ks x;s vius ,d ys[k
^fodklokn dk oSfnd fl)kUr* dks mn~?k`r dj jgk gw¡&
l`f”V o euq”; dh mRifÙk oSKkfud txr~ ds fy, dqrwgy dk fo”k;

jgh gSA pkYlZ MkfoZu ds fodklokn dh ifjdYiuk ds i’pkr~ blds
leFkZu rFkk fojks/k nksuksa gh i{kksa esa cgl pyrh vk jgh gSA
fodkloknh vo/kkj.kk vehck ls ysdj euq”; rd dh Jà[kyk dks
Øfed fodkl dh nsu
ekurh gS] ftlesa
fofHkUu iztkfr;ksa esa
ifjfLFkfr;ksa ds vuqdwy
dqN ifjorZu vkrs
jgdj mUgha ls u;h&2
iztkfr;ka mRiUu gksrh
jghaA bl izdkj bl
fopkj/kkjk ds vuqlkj
euq”; ,oa vU;
i’kq&if{k;ksa] dhV&iraxksa
lHkh ds iwoZt ,d gh
Fks rFkk vk/kqfud cUnj euq”; dk lokZf/kd fudV lEcU/kh gSA
fofHkUu iztkfr;ksa esa ukuk vaxksa dk fodkl Lo;eso vko’;drk ds
vuq:i gksrk jgk vFkkZZr~ ,d izk.kh nwljs izk.kh esa fdlh fo—fr ds
dkj.k cnyrk jgkA bl fodklokn ds fo#) Hkh vusd fons’kh
oSKkfudksa us le;&2 ij vusd fl)kUr fn, gSaA ‘kkjhfjd fodkl]
ckSf)d fodkl ,oa Hkk”kk ds fodkl] bu rhuksa gh fo”k;ksa ij
fodklokn ds fojks/kh fons’kh oSKkfudksa us Hkh vusd xEHkhj iz’u
[kM+s fd;s gSa] ijUrq fodkloknh dHkh bu iz’uksa dk leqfpr mÙkj
ugha ns ikrsA b/kj Hkkjr esa egf”kZ n;kuUn ljLorh ,oa muds
ijorhZ o vuq;k;h vusd fo}kuksa us fodklokn dh vo/kkj.kk dks
feF;k fl) fd;k gS] iqujfi MkfoZu dk fodklokn vkt Hkh dqN
iwokZxzgh oSKkfudksa ds fy, vkn’kZ fl)kUr cuk gqvk gSA
vHkh dsUnzh; ekuo lalk/ku fodkl jkT; ea=h Jheku~ MkW-
lR;ikyflag th ds oDrO; fd ge lHkh ekuo cUnjksa dh ugha]
cfYd ekuo dh gh lUrku gSa] ij ;s egkuqHkko dksykgy djrs gq,
mu ij prqfnZd~ vkØe.k djus yxrs gSaA ns’k ds oSKkfud o
oSKkfud laLFkku Hkh lc ,dtqV gks tkrs gSaA eSaus Hkh bu lHkh ls
lks’ky ehfM;k ds ek/;e ls vusd iz’u iwNs Fks ijUrq fdlh Hkh
izekf.kr laLFkk ok fo}ku~ us esjs iz’uksa dk mÙkj ugha fn;k cfYd
dqN egkuqHkkoksa us vuxZy izyki gh fd;kA bu egkuqHkkoksa dks fdlh
Hkh ns’kh vFkok fons’kh oSKkfud vFkok fopkjd dk ;g dFku
dnkfi Lohdkj ugha fd ge euq”; dh gh lUrku gSa\
esjs iz’uksa ds mÙkj esa dsoy esjk fl)kUr tkuus dh bPNk
O;Dr djus okys egkuqHkkoksa ds fy, eSa oSfnd fodklokn ij vius
laf{kIr fopkj izLrqr djrk gw¡A
oLrqr% ^fodklokn* ‘kCn ij fopkj djsa] rks ;g ‘kCn vfr
mÙke o lkFkZd gS] ysfdu
MkfoZu ,oa muds leFkZdksa
us bl ‘kCn dk leqfpr
vFkZ ugha tkuk vkSj
vius voSKkfud er dks
^fodklokn* fo’ks”k.k ls
foHkwf”kr djus dk iz;kl
fd;kA vxj ge lEiw.kZ
l`f”V ij xEHkhjrk ls
fopkj djsa] rks Li”V
gksrk gS fd lEiw.kZ l`f”V
,oa mldk izR;sd mRiUu inkFkZ fodkl dh lhf<+;ka p<+rs&2 gh
orZeku Lo:i esa vkt fn[kkbZ ns jgk gSA fcuk Øfed fodkl ds
izk.kh txr~ dh ckr gh D;k djsa] dksbZ yksd&yksdkUrj ok ,d d.k]
QksVksu vkfn Hkh dHkh ugha cu ldrkA oSfnd foKku fodklokn
dh fo’kn O;k[;k djrk gS ijUrq gekjk fodklokn MkfoZu dk
fodklokn dnkfi ugha gSA MkfoZu dk fodklokn oLrqr% fodklokn
ugha gS] cfYd vfu;fU=r o cqf)foghu ;n`PN;kokn ¼euekukiu½
gS] ftls Hkzeo’k oSKkfud fodklokn uke fn;k tk jgk gSA
okLro esa fodkl dk vFkZ gS] cht ls vadqj] vadqj ls ikS/kk
o mlls iq”i] Qy o iqu% cht dk mRiUu gksukA vkt foKku
ftUgsa ewy d.k eku jgk gS] os DokdZ rFkk QksVksUl Hkh okLro esa
ewy inkFkZ ugha gSA os Hkh lw{e jf’e;ksa dks la?kfur :i gSa vFkkZr~
mu jf’e;ksa ds ukuk leqnk;ksa ds fodflr :i gSaA tks String
theorist bu d.kksa dks lw{e Strings ls fufeZr ekurs gSa] os
Strings Hkh ewy rRo ugha gSa] cfYd os oSfnd jf’e;ksa ds la?kfur
o fodflr :i gSaA Strings o d.kksa ok QksVksUl ds fodkl ls
orZeku foKku vufHkK gSA thofoKkuh ftl vehck dks lcls NksVh
bdkbZ ekurs gSa vFkok mlds vUnj fo|eku xq.klw=] thUl]
D.N.A. vkfn dks lw{ere inkFkZ ekurs gSa] os ugha tkurs fd tgk¡
mudk tho foKku lekIr gks tkrk gS] ogk¡ HkkSfrd foKku izkjEHk
gksrk gS vkSj tgk¡ orZeku HkkSfrd foKku lekIr gks tkrk gS] ogk¡
oSfnd HkkSfrd foKku izkjEHk gksrk gS vkSj tgk¡ oSfnd HkkS frd
foKku dh lhek lekIr gks tkrh gS] ogk¡ oSfnd vk/;kfRed foKku
izkjEHk gksrk gSA vkt foMEcuk ;g gS fd oSfnd HkkSfrd foKku ,oa
oSfnd vk/;kfRed foKku dh furkUr mis{kk djds ok mldk migkl
ok fojks/k djds HkkSfrd foKku ,oa tho foKku vkfn dh leL;kvksa
dk gy [kkstus dk iz;kl fd;k tk jgk gSA ;g Hkh ,d nq%[kn
lR; gS fd lalkj dks oSfnd HkkSfrd foKku ls voxr djkus okys
Hkh dgk¡ gSa\ bl dkj.k orZeku foKku vusd leL;kvksa ls xzLr gS
rFkk ,d leL;k dk lek/kku djus dk iz;kl djrk gS] rks vusd
ubZ leL;kvksa dks mRiUu Hkh dj ysrk gSA ,d VSDuksykWth dk
vkfo”dkj djrk gS] rks ukuk nq”izHkkoksa dks Hkh mRiUu dj ysrk gS]
nokvksa ds fodkl ds lkFk jksxksa dk Hkh fujUrj fodkl gks jgk gS]
lq[k&lk/kuksa ds fodkl ds lkFk&2 vijk/kksa ,oa i;kZoj.k iznw”k.k dks

Hkh le`) djrk tk jgk gSA bu lc leL;kvksa dk ewy dkj.k gS]
orZeku foKku dk viw.kZ Kku] ftldk dkj.k oSfnd Kku dh mis{kk
gh gSA vLrqA
ge ppkZ dj jgs Fks fd l`f”V dk izR;sd dfFkr ewyd.k o
QksVksu lw{e oSfnd jf’e;ksa ds vfr cqf)eÙkkiw.kZ la;ksx ls cus gSaA
os jf’e;ka euLrRo ,oa euLrRo] dky o iz—fr ds la;ksx ls
mRiUu gksrk gSA lcds ihNs loZfu;U=d] loZ’kfDreku~] loZO;kid]
fujkdkj] loZK psru lÙkk bZ’oj dh izsj.kk gSA l`f”V ds lokZf/kd
lw{e rRo iz—fr ls ysdj orZeku ewyd.kksa rd dh fodkl ;k=k
cM+h yEch o O;ofLFkr oSKkfud izfØ;k gS] ftldk orZeku HkkSfrd
oSKkfudksa dks fo’ks”k Hkku ugha gSA ewyd.kksa ,oa QksVksu dh mRifÙk
ls ysdj rkjs] xzg o mixzgksa rd ds fuekZ.k rd dh fodkl ;k=k
dh ppkZ ;gk¡ djuk mfpr ughaA oSls orZeku Cosmology,
Particle Physics, Astrophysics, Quantum field theory,
String theory tSlh fofHkUu ‘kk[kk,a bu fo”k;ksa dh viuh lhek
ds vUnj O;k[;k djrh gSaA esjk fo”k; Hkh bUgha inkFkksZa ij xEHkhj
izdk’k Mkyuk gSA tho foKku esjk fo”k; ugha gS] iqujfi orZeku
vU/k dksykgy ds chp dqN ;qodksa ds vkxzg ij eSa viuh ckr
HkkSfrd foKku dh xgjkb;ksa dks NksM+dj ouLifr o izkf.ktxr~ dh
mRifÙk ij gh dsfUnzr djrk gw¡A
tc i`fFkoh tSlk dksbZ xzg vius rkjs ls i`Fkd~ gksrk gS]
fdaok rkjk mu xzgksa ls i`Fkd~ gksdj nwj tkrk gS] ml le; xzg dk
Lo:i vkXus; gksrk gSA /khjs&2 og vkXus; :i BaMk gksdj nzoh;
:i esa ifj.kr gksus yxrk gS vkSj ml le; mRiUu ty ok”i
/khjs&2 BaMs gksdj o`f”V gksus ls i`fFkoh ij ty Hkh Hkjus yxrk gSA
tks Hkkx ty ls ckgj jgrk gS] ogk¡ Hkh thou dh mRifÙk gsrq
vko’;d rRo vkDlhtu] gkbMªkstu] dkcZu] ukbVªkstu] D.N.A.,
R.N.A., olk] vehuks vEy] izksVhu] ty vkfn fofHkUu jklk;fud
vfHkfØ;kvksa ds fujUrj pyrs jgus ds dkj.k mRiUu gksus yxrs gSaA
budh mRifÙk esa lglzksa o”kZ yxrs gSaA ;s lHkh inkFkZ bl i`fFkoh ij
;=&r= nzo o xSl :i esa Hkj tkrs gSaA l|% mRiUu lkxjksa esa Hkh
;s inkFkZ mRiUu gks tkrs gSaA buds iqu% vfxze fodflr o la;qDr
:i ls ,ddks’kh; ouLifr dh mRifÙk gksrh gSA fofHkUu ,VEl o

NksVs ekWyhD;wYl ds fof’k”V o cqf)tU; la;ksx ls ouLifr dksf’kdk
dh mRifÙk vfr jgL;e;h o O;ofLFkr izfØ;k gSA ;g ckr lnSo
/;krO; gS fd lw{e jf’e;ksa ls ysdj ouLifr dksf’kdk ds fuekZ.k
ds lglzksa pj.kksa dk lapkyu fdlh ;n`PN;k ¼euekukiu½ izfØ;k ls
lEHko ugha gks ldrk vkSj u gh ;g lc fu"iz;kstu vkSj
vfu;af=r izfØ;k gS] cfYd ;g bZ’oj rRo }kjk cqf)iwoZd izsfjr]
fu;af=r o ,d fof’k”V iz;kstu;qDr izfØ;k gSA ,d&2 dksf’kdk dh
lajpuk dks /;ku ls ns[ksa] rks ik;saxs fd blesa vjcksa lw{e d.kksa dk
,d fof’k”V oSKkfud la;ksx gS vkSj muesa ls izR;sd d.k lSdM+ksa
lw{e oSfnd jf’e;ksa dk fof’k”V la;qDr ok fodflr :i gSA bl
dkj.k loZ= psru ‘kfDr dh vfuok;Z Hkwfedk gSA blds fcuk ;g
izfØ;k ,d dne vkxs ugha c<+ ldrhA ;g Hkh /;krO; gS fd
ty] ok;q] Hkwfe ,oa buesa ok buds }kjk ukuk thouh; rRo cuus
ds mijkUr loZizFke ouLifr dh gh mRifÙk gksrh gSA ouLifr
dksf’kdk ds mRiUu gksus] mlds thfor jgus ,oa mlds fodflr
gksdj ikS/ks ds mRiUu gksus ds fy, vko’;d rRoksa dh mRifÙk igys
gksrh gS] mlds i’pkr~ gh ouLifr dksf’kdk dk tUe jklk;fud
izfØ;k ls gksrk gSA izk.kh dksf’kdk ouLifr;ksa ds fuekZ.k ds i’pkr~
gh mRiUu gksrh gSA bldk dkj.k gS fd lHkh tho&tUrq ouLifr;ksa
ij gh izR;{k ok ijks{k :i ls fuHkZj gSaA ekalkgkjh izk.kh ‘kkdkgkjh
izkf.k;ksa ij fuHkZj jgrs gSaA bl dkj.k ouLifr;ksa dh mRifÙk ds
i’pkr~ tho tUrqvksa dh mRifÙk ,ddks’kh; tho ls gh izkjEHk gksrh
gSA ouLifr;ksa esa Hkh ljy ls tfVy lajpuk okyh ouLifr;ksa dh
Øfed mRifÙk gksrh gSA Øfed mRifÙk dk vFkZ ;g ugha fd ‘kSoky
fodflr gksdj oV o`{k cu tk;s vFkok ihiy] vke vkSj ccwy
cknke dk :i ys ysA blh izdkj ,ddks’kh; tho vehck dh
mRifÙk Hkwfe ok ty esa gksrh gS] ysfdu dksbZ tho Hkys gh og
,ddks’kh; gks vFkok cgqdks’kh;] dsoy dqN inkFkksZa dk jklk;fud
la;ksx ek= gh ugha gksrk] vfirq mlds vUnj lw{e psru rRo
thokRek dk Hkh la;ksx gksrk gSA lEiw.kZ la;ksx gh tho dk :i gksrk
gSA orZeku foKku Hkh jklk;fud la;ksxksa ls dksf’kdk dh mRifÙk
ekurk gS&

A very important step the formation of a cell must
have been the development of lipid mambrane. In order
that biological systems can function efficiently, it is
essential that the enzymes connected with successive
stages of synthesis of biochemical pathway should be in
a close a proximity to one another. The necessary
conditions for this are obtained in cells by means of lipid
manbranes which can maintain local high concentration
of reactants. The presence of hydrocarbons early in the
earth’s history has already been mentioned....
Life requires for its maintanance a continous

supply of energy this could have been provided by
ultraviolate or visible light from the sun, or possibly
partly from the break down of unstable free radiations
produced in the earth’s atmosphere by ultraviolate light.
[Cell Biology, page - 474 by E.J. Ambrose & Dorothy
M. Easty, London -1973]
Hkko ;g gS fd bl i`fFkoh ij jklk;fud] tSfod fØ;kvksas
ls fofHkUu Ádkj ds ,atkbEl dk fuekZ.k gksdj thou gsrq vko’;d
inkFkksZa dk fuekZ.k gks x;kA blds lkFk gh vusd= jklk;fud
inkFkksZa }kjk gh dksf’kdk fHkfÙk;ksa rFkk tho nzO;kfn dk fuekZ.k bl
Hkwfe ij gqvk rFkk mu dksf’kdkvksa dks lrr iks”k.k nsus dk dk;Z
i`fFkoh ij mifLFkr vko’;d jklk;fud inkFkksZa rFkk lw;Z ds Ádk’k
us fd;kA
dqN oSKkfud ,slk ekurs gSa fd i`fFkoh ij thou fdlh
vU; xzg ls vk;k] muls ge tkuuk pkgrs gSa fd ftl izdkj
fdlh vU; xzg ij thou dh mRifÙk gks ldrh gS] mlh izdkj bl
i`fFkoh ij D;ksa ugha gks ldrh\ oLrqr% ,slk fopkj loZFkk
vifjiDo lksp dk ifj.kke gSA orZeku dqN oSKkfud Hkh bl
/kkj.kk ls lger ugha gSaA os dgrs gSa&

The view the life did infact originate on the earth
itself after it had cooled over a period of many thousands
of years is almost universally accepted today. [Cel
Biology, page - 474]
tks oSKkfud vehck ls fodflr gksdj vFkkZr~ ,d iztkfr
ls nwljh iztkfr ds mRiUu gksus dh ckr djrs gSa] os ;g ugha
fopkjrs fd u rks ouLifr esa vkSj u izkf.k;ksa esa ,slk ifjorZu
lEHko gS vkSj u bldh dksbZ vko’;drk gSA ge ;gk¡ oSKkfudksa ds
dfYir o feF;k fodklokn ij dksbZ iz’u bl dkj.k ugha djsaxs]
D;ksafd ge bl ij igys vusd iz’u dj pqds gSaA tks MkfoZu ds
fodklokn dh foLrkj ls leh{kk pkgrs gSa] mUgsa vk;Z fo}ku~ ia -
j?kquUnu 'kekZ }kjk fyf[kr ôSfnd lEifr* uked xzUFk i<+uk
pkfg,A Hkyk tc vehck dh mRifÙk jklk;fud fØ;kvksa ls gks
ldrh gS] rc fofHkUu izkf.k;ksa ds ‘kqØk.kq o v.Mk.kq dh mRifÙk
blh izdkj D;ksa ugha gks ldrh\ tc 500 ls vf/kd xq.klw=ksa okyk
vehck jklk;fud vfHkfØ;k ls mRiUu gks ldrk gS] rc cUnj]
fpEiSath] vksjkaxmVku ftuesa 48&48 xq.klw= gksrs gSa] 46 xq.klw=
okys euq”; esa L=h o iq#”k ds 23&23 xq.klw= okys ‘kqØk.kq o
v.Mk.kq dh mRifÙk vehck dh Hkkafr D;ksa ugha gks ldrh\ euq”; ds
gh cjkcj xq.klw= okys Sable Antelope tSls fgju tSls i’kq rFkk
Reaves’s Muntjac uked fgju tSls tkuoj ds ‘kqØk.kq o
v.Mk.kq] 56 xq.klw= okys gkFkh ds ‘kqØk.kq o v.Mk.kq D;ksa mRiUu
gks ldrs\ phaVh] ftlesa dsoy 2 xq.klw= gh gksrs gSa] og D;ksa
mRiUu gks ldrh\
;gk¡ oSfnd er ;g gS fd ftl tho ds Hkj.k&iks”k.k gsrq

ftrus de inkFkksZa dh vko’;drk gksrh gS] og tho mruk igys gh
mRiUu gksrk gSA lHkh izkf.k;ksa ls iwoZ ouLifr;ksa dh mRifÙk gksrh gS
vkSj ekalkgkjh izkf.k;ksa ls iwoZ ‘kkdkgkjh izkf.k;ksa dh rFkk
‘kkdkgkfj;ksa esa euq”; ,d ,slk izk.kh gS] ftls lcls fodflr ok
mUur ekuk tk ldrk gS ,oa og fofHkUu izkf.k;ksa o ouLifr;ksa ij
fuHkZj jgrk gS] blh dkj.k mldh mRifÙk lcls ckn esa gksrh gSA

vc iz’u ;g mBrk gS fd Hkzw.kksa dk fodkl fcuk eknk ds
dSls gksrk gS\ ‘kqØk.kq o v.Mk.kq rks ekuysa jklk;fud fØ;k ds
QyLo:i Hkwfe ok ty esa mRiUu gks x;k ijUrq ‘kqØk.kq o v.Mk.kq
dk fu”kspu o Hkzw.k dk fodkl dgk¡ o dSls gqvk\ bl fo”k; esa
euq”;ksRifÙk dh ppkZ djrs gq, egf”kZ n;kuUn ljLorh us ^lR;kFkZ
izdk’k* uked xzUFk esa ;qokoLFkk esa Hkwfe ls mRifÙk crkbZ gSA mUgksaus
rdZ fn;k gS fd ;fn f’k’kq voLFkk esa mRifÙk gksrh rks] mudh j{kk
o ikyu dkSu djrk rFkk ;fn o`) mRiUu gksrs] rks oa’k ijEijk
dSls pyrh\ bl dkj.k euq”; dh ;qokoLFkk esa gh Hkwfe ls mRifÙk
gksrh gSA
;|fi bl fo”k; esa mUgksaus dksbZ izek.k ugha fn;k ijUrq gesa _Xosn
ds izek.k bl fo”k; esa feys] tgk¡ fy[kk gS&
mi liZ ekrja Hkwfeesrkeq#O;pla i`fFkoha lq’ksoke~A
Å.kZeznk ;qofrnZf{k.kkor ,”kk Rok ikrq fu_Zrs#iLFkkr~AA 10-18-10
bl ij esjk vkf/kHkkSfrd Hkk”; & gs tho! ¼lq’ksoke~½ ¿lq’kso%

lqlq[kre%& fu#Dr 3-3À mÙke lq[k nsus esa loZJs”B ¼,rke~½ bl
¼ekrje~½ ekrk ds leku ¼Hkwfee~½ izkjEHk esa ftlds xHkZ esa lHkh
izk.kh mRiUu gksrs ok ftl ij lHkh izk.kh fuokl djrs gSa] og
i`fFkoh ¼m#&O;ple~½ vfr foLrkj okyh gksdj lHkh Hkzw.kksa dks ¼mi
liZ½ fudVrk ls izkIr gksrh gS] blds lkFk gh ml xHkZ dk

vkUrfjd vkoj.k fujUrj gYdk LiUnu djrk jgrk gS ¼Å.kZeznk½
¿Å.kZeznk bR;w.kZe`}hR;soSrnkg& dk’k- 4-2-1-10] lk/oh nsosH;
bR;soSrnkg ;nkgks.kZeznla Rosfr& ‘k- 1-3-3-11À og Hkwfe mu Hkzw.kksa
dks ,slk vkPNknu iznku djrh gS] tks Åu ds leku dksey]
fpduk o vkjkenk;d gksA og ml fnO; Hkzw.k dks lc vksj ls xHkZ
ds leku lq[kn Li’kZ;qDr ?kj iznku djrh gSA ¼;qofr%½ ml xHkZ:i
i`fFkoh esa ukuk thouh; jlksa ds feJ.k&vfeJ.k dh fØ;k,a fujUrj
pyrh jgrh gSa ¼nf{k.kkor%½ og i`fFkoh mu Hkzw.kksa dks rc rd
iks”k.k iznku djrh jgrh gS] tc rd os viuk ikyu o j{k.k
djus esa iw.kZ n{k vFkkZr~ l{ke u gks tk;sa ¼,”kk½ ;g Hkwfe ¼Rok½
rqe tho dks ¼fu_Zrs%&miLFkkr~½ ¿fu_ZfrfuZje.kkr~ _PNrs% —
PNªkifÙkfjrjk& fu#- 2-8À iw.kZ :i ls fujUrj lkuUn je.k djrh
gS] ,sls lqjf{kr o mÙke LFkkuksa esa ¼ikrq½ mu Hkzw.kksa ok thoksa dk
ikyu djrh gSA blds lkFk gh tgk¡ Dys’k igqap ldrk gS] ,sls
vlqjf{kr LFkkuksa ls ml Hkwfe ds xHkZ:i vkoj.k ml tho ok Hkzw.k
dh j{kk djrs gSaA
mPN~o¥~pLo i`fFkoh ek fu ck/kFkk% lwik;ukLeS Hko lwio¥~pukA
ekrk iq=a ;Fkk flpkE;sua Hkwe Å.kqfgZAA 10-18-11
esjk vkf/kHkkSfrd Hkk”; & ¼i`fFkfo½ og xHkZ:i iwoksZDr i`fFkoh

¼mPN~o¥~pLo½ mR—“V:is.k Å/oZ fn’kk esa LifUnr gksrh gqbZ fdaok
mQurh gqbZ gksrh gSA ¼ek ck/kFkk%½ ml Hkwfe dk vkoj.k ,slk gksrk
gS] tks mlds vUnj iy jgs Hkzw.k ok tho dks izkIr gks jgs thouh;
jlksa dks ugha jksdrk gS vFkkZr~ os jl fjl&2 dj ml tho dks
izkIr gksrs jgrs gSa ¼vLeS½ og bl thou ds fy, ¼lwik;uk&Hko½
og Hkwfe mls iks”kd o lao/kZd thouh; rRoksa dk migkj HksaV djrh
gS ¼lwio¥~puk½ ¿mio¥~pue~ ¾ nqcduk& vkIVsÀ og Hkwfe vkoj.k
mu Hkzw.kksa ok thoksa dks vPNh izdkj fNikdj vkJ; iznku djrk gS
¼ekrk ;Fkk½ ftl izdkj ekrk viuh lUrku dks xksn ok xHkZ esa
<d dj lqj{kk iznku djrh gS] mlh izdkj ¼fu&flpk Hkwes%½
¿fu$flp~ ¾ Åij Mky nsuk] xHkZ;qDr djuk& vkIVsÀ Hkwfe ds os
Hkkx mu thoksa dks vius xHkZ esa ysdj muds Åij ukuk vkoj.kksa

ds }kjk ¼,ua½ mu thoksa dks ¼vfHk Å.kZqfg½ lc vksj ls vkPNkfnr
dj ysrs gSaA
mPN~o¥~pekuk i`fFkoh lq fr”Brq lglza fer mi fg J;Urke~A

rs x`gklks ?k`r’pqrks HkoUrq fo’okgkLeS ‘kj.kk% lURo=AA 10-18-12
esjk vkf/kHkkSfrd Hkk”; & ¼mPN~o¥~pekuk½ iwoksZDr mQuh ,oa

e`nq LiUnu djrh gqbZ lh dksey ¼i`fFkoh½ Hkwfe ¼lq fr”Brq½ mu
Hkzw.kksa ok thoksa dh vkPNkfndk gksdj lqn`<+r k ls lqj{kkiwoZd fLFkr
gksdj mu thoksa dks Hkh LFkS;Z iznku djrh gS ¼lglze~ fer%½ ml
Hkwfe ds i`Fkd~&2 LFkkuksa esa vusd la[;k esa ¼mi fg J;Urke~½ tho
fudVrk ls vkJ; ikrs gSa fdaok mu xHkZ:i LFkkuksa esa cM+h la[;k
esa ¿fer% ¾ feuksfrxfrdekZ& fu?ka- 2-14À fofHkUu lw{e v.kqvksa
dk izokg cuk jgrk gS ¼rs x`gkl%½ Hkwfe ds os LFkku mu thoksa ds
fy, ?kj ds leku gksrs gSa ¿x`gke~ ¾ x`gk% dLekn~ x`g~.kkrhfr
lrke~& fu#- 3-13À vkSj ?kj ds leku os Hkwdks”B mu thoksa dks
,sls gh idM+s ok /kkj.k fd, jgrs gSa] tSls ekrk viuh lUrku dks
xHkZ esa /kkj.k fd, jgrh gS ¼/k`r’pqrks HkoUrq½ os Hkwdks”B ,sls gksrs
gSa fd muesa ?kh ds leku fpdus jl lnSo fjlrs jgrs gSa ¼vLeS½ os
mu thoksa ds fy, ¼fo’okgk½ ¿fo’okgk ¾ lokZf.k fnukfu& e-n-;-
Hkk- 7-10À loZnk vFkkZr~ iw.kZ ;qokoLFkk rd ¼’kj.kk% lUrq v=½
bl voLFkk esas os tho mu dks”Bksa esa vkJ; ikrs gSaA
bu ea=ksa esa Hkwfe ds vUnj ;qokoLFkk rd dSls euq”; lfgr
lHkh tjk;qt izk.kh fodflr gksrs gSa] bldk lqUnj fp=.k fd;k x;k
gSA
ftl Ádkj vehck vkfn ,d dks’kh; Ák.kh dh dksf’kdk dk
fuekZ.k jklk;fud o tSfod fØ;kvksa ls gksrk gS] mlh Ádkj
cgqdks’kh; tjk;qtksa rFkk v.Mtksa ds Hkh ‘kqØ rFkk jt dk fuekZ.k
bl mQuh gqbZ dksey rFkk lHkh vko’;d inkFkZ] tks Hkh ekrk ds
xHkZ esa gksrs gSa] ls ifjiw.kZ i`fFkoh ds /kjkry dh ijrksa esa gks tkrk
gSA vc ge fopkjsa fd Hkzw.k ds iks”k.k ds fy, ekrk ds xHkZ dh
vko’;drk D;ksa gksrh gS\ bl dkj.k] rkfd Hkzw.k dks vko’;d o`f)
gsrq iks”kd inkFkZ ÁkIr gks ldsa] Hkzw.k dks lqjf{kr dksey] fpduk
vkoj.k rFkk vko’;d rki fey ldsA ;fn bu ifjfLFkfr;ksa dks
ekrk ds xHkZ ls vU;= dgha mRiUu dj fn;k tk;s] rks Hkzw.k dk
fodkl ogha gks tk;sxk] ftl Ádkj vkt ij[kuyh ls cPps iSnk
fd;s x;s gSaA
gk¡] ,d ckr egRo dh gS fd ml le; euq”; ok dksbZ Hkh
tjk;qt ;qokoLFkk esa Hkwfe ls mn~fHktksa dh Hkkafr mRiUu gksrk gSA
Hkxon~ n;kuUn th egkjkt dk ;g dFku loZFkk mfpr gS fd ;fn
f’k’kq mRiUu gks] rks ikyu dkSu djs vkSj ;fn o`) iSnk gksrs] rc
muls oa’k dSls pyrk\ ¼ns[ksa& lR;kFkZ Ádk’k] v”Ve leqYykl½
mifu”kRdkj _f”k bls vkSj foLrkj nsrk gS&
rLekPp nsok cgq/kk laÁlwrk% lk/;k euq”;k%---------- AA

eq.Md mi- 2-1-7
vFkkZr~ ml ijekRek ls vusd fo}ku~ flf) ÁkIr tu rFkk
lk/kkj.k fo}ku~ tu iSnk gq,A
vk;Z fo}ku~ vkpk;Z oS|ukFk th ‘kkL=h us ^ôSfnd ;qx vkSj
vkfnekuo** esa cksLVu uxj ¼vesfjdk½ ds fLeFk lhfu;u baLVhV~; wV
ds tho foKku ds foHkkxk/;{k MkDVj DykdZ dks mn~/k`r djrs gSa&
Man appeared able to think walk and defend
himself. vFkkZr~ euq”; l`f”V ds vkfn dky esa lkspus] pyus rFkk
Lo;a dh j{kk djus esa leFkZ mRiUu gksrk gSA
;gk¡ dksbZ ;g Á’u djs fd i`fFkoh :ih xHkZ esa iPphl o”kZ
rd ;qok dSls iyrk vkSj c<+rk jgk\ rks bl ij xEHkhjrk ls
fopkjsa] rks dksbZ vkifÙk Árhr ugha gksrh D;ksafd ftl Ádkj vkt
Hkh ,d ckyd] tks yxHkx 9 ekl ekrk ds xHkZ esa jgrk gSA Álo
ds iwoZ u ‘okal ysrk gS] u gkFk&iSj Qsadrk gS] u [kkrk] ihrk]
ey&ew=kfn folftZr djrk gS] mlesa Álo ds rqjUr ckn lHkh
fØ;k;sa rqjUr ÁkjEHk gks tkrh gSA rc ;g D;k vn~Hkqr ckr ugha
gS] vk’p;Ztud ugha gS\ ;fn fdlh O;fDr dks bl lcls nwj j[kk
tk;s vkSj bl Álo ÁfØ;k ls furkUr vufHkK gksos] rc og bl
Álo ÁfØ;k dks lEHko ugha ekusxkA ;fn mlus v.Mtksa dh gh
mRifÙk ns[kh gks] rks og tjk;qtksa dh Álo ÁfØ;k dks v.Mtksa ls

fHkUu ekuus dks rS;kj ugha gksxkA blfy, ;qokoLFkk esa Ákf.k;ksa dh
mRifÙk vlEHko ugha gS] gk¡] vn~Hkqr vo’; gSA fQj bruh l`f”V
ÁfØ;k dh tfVyrk] Øec)rk] oSKkfudrk D;k vn~Hkqr ugha gS \
rc ;qokoLFkk esa Ák.kh mRifÙk dgk¡ fofp= jg tkrh gS\
;g Hkh tkuuk vko’;d gS fd ftl Ádkj jklk;fud
vfHkfØ;kvksa ls Hkwfe :ih ekrk ds vUnj Ákf.k;ksa dh mRifÙk gksdj
lHkh tqjk;qt] v.Mt rFkk Losnt ,d gh Ádkj ls Hkwfe dh ijrksa
esa mn~fHktksa dh HkkWafr ;qokoLFkk esa iSnk gq,] mlh Ádkj jklk;fud
vfHkfØ;kvksa ls fofHkUu ouLifr;ksa ds cht Hkwfe dh ijrksa esa
cudj rFkk vko’;d iks”kd inkFkZ i`fFkoh ij gh fey tkus ls
;=&r= ikS/ks] ouLifr ok fo’kkydk; o`{k iwoZ esa gh mRiUu gks x;s
FksA ftl Ádkj dksbZ Ák.kh mRiUu gksrk gS] mldk Hkkstu mls
rRdky Hkwfe ij rS;kj feyrk gSA euq”;ksa ds vusdksa uj&ukjh tksM+s
;qokoLFkk esa Hkwfe ij ÁdV gq,] ml le; mls i`fFkoh Qy] Qwy o
vUu vkfn ls ifjiw.kZ feyh vkSj os Hkwfe ls fudy dj rRdky gh
Qykfn mlh Ádkj [kkus dks Áo`Ùk gq,] ftl Ádkj vkt ckyd
¼euq”; ok xk; vkfn Ik’kq dk½ iSnk gksrs gh ekrk dk nqX/kiku djus
yxrk gSA blesa dgha dksbZ lUnsg ok ‘kadk dks vodk’k ugha gSA
;g eSaus la{ksi esa euq”; dh mRifÙk ds fo”k; esa fy[kkA eq>s
cM+k vk’p;Z gS fd pkYlZ MkfoZu ds i’pkr~ muds iq=ksa lfgr
vusdkas ;wjksfi;u oSKkfudksa us Hkh bl feF;k fodklokn dk [k.Mu
fd;k ijUrq ik’pkR; ds nkl cus dfFkr izcq)ksa ds efLr”d esa vHkh
pkYlZ MkfoZu dk Hkwr cSBk gqvk gSA
vc eSa la{ksi esa ia- j?kquUnu ‘kekZ }kjk fyf[kr iqLrd
ôSfnd lEifÙk* ls dqN oSKkfudksa ds fopkjksa dks Hkh mn~/k`r djuk
pkgrk gw¡&
lj vksfyoj ykWt fy[krs gSa&
We are in the process of evolution; we have arrived in
this planet by evolution. That is all right. What is
evolution? Unfolding development-unfolding as a bud
unfolds into a flower, as an acron into an oak. Every

thing is subject to a process of growth, of development,
of unfolding.
vFkkZr~ ge yksx fodkl ds gh izcU/kk/khu gSaA ge yksx fodkl }kjk
gh bl i`fFkoh xzg ij igqaps gSaA ;g lc lR; gS] fdUrq fodkl
D;k gS\ fodkl vckf/kr mUufr gSA vckf/kr vFkkZr~ dyh ls Qwy
gks tkus dk fu;e&cht ls o`{k gks tkus dk ekxZA izR;sd inkFkZ
dyh ls Qwy dh Hkkafr vckf/kr mUufr dk gh Qy gSA (Science
and Religion, p.16.) (oS- lEifÙk i`-150)
There is manifest progress in the succession of
being on the surface of the earth. This progress consists
in an increasing similarity of the living fauna, and
among the vertebrates especially, in their increasing
resemblance to man ……. But this connection is not the
consequence of a direct linkage between the fauna of
different ages. There is nothing like parental descent
connecting them. The fishes of the Palaeozoik age are in
no respect the ancestors of the reptiles of the secondary
age, nor does man descend from the mammals which
preceded him in the Tertiary age. The link by which
they are connected is of a higher and immaterial nature
and Himself, whose aim in forming the earth, in
allowing it to undergo successively all the different
types of animals which have passed away, was to
introduce man upon the surface of our globe. Man is the
end towards which all the animal-creation has tended
from the first appearance of the Palaeozoic fishes.
vFkkZr~ i`fFkoh ij mRiUu gksus okys] fcuk gM~Mh ds tUrqvksa
vkSj euq”;kfn gM~Mhnkj izkf.k;ksa esa ,d leku gh mUufr ns[kh tkrh
gS] ijUrq bl lekurk dk ;g rkRi;Z ugha gS fd ,d izdkj ds
izk.kh nwljs izdkj ds izkf.k;ksa ls gh fodflr gq, gksaA vkfne dkyhu

eRL; gh] liZ.k’khy izkf.k;ksa ds iwoZt ugha gSa vkSj u euq”; gh
vU; Lru/kkfj;ksa ls fodflr gqvk gSA izkf.k;ksa dh Jà[kyk fdlh
vHkkSfrd rRo ls lEcU/k j[krh gS] ftlus i`fFkoh ij vusd izdkj
ds izkf.k;ksa dh l`f”V djds vUr esa euq”; dh jpuk dh gSA -
Principles of Zoology, Pg. 205-206 by Agassiz (oS- lEifÙk
i`-150-151)
How did living creatures begin to be upon the
earth? In point of science, we do not know. vFkkZr~ foKku
ds }kjk ge ugha tkurs fd i`fFkoh ij tho/kkjh izkf.k;ksa dh l`f”V
dSls gqbAZ -Introduction to Science, Pg. 142 by J.A.
Thomson (oS- lEifÙk i`-152)
The question is : what was the manner of their
being upon the previously tenantless Earth? Our answer
must be that we do not know. vFkkZr~ bl mtkM+ i`fFkoh ij
izk.kh dSls mRiUu gq,\ bl iz’u dk ge ;gh mÙkj nsrs gSa fd ge
yksx ugha tkursA
-Evolution, Pg. 70 by Prof. Patrick Geddes (oS- lEifÙk
i`-152)
uoEcj lu~ 1922 ds New Age uked i= esa Jones
Bowson dgrs gSa fd ^fczfV’k E;wft;e ¼vtk;c?kj½ dk v/;{k
MkW- ,sfFkzt dgrs gSa fd bl fczfV’k E;wft;e esa ,d d.k Hkh ,slk
ugha gS] tks ;g fl) dj lds fd tkfr;ksa (Species) esa ifjorZu
gqvk gSA fodkl fo”k;d nl esa ukS ckrsa O;FkZ vkSj fuLlkj gSaA
buds ijh{k.kksa dk vk/kkj lR;rk vkSj fujh{k.k ij fcydqy
voyfEcr ugha gSA lalkj Hkj esa dksbZ Hkh lkeku ,slk ugha gS] tks
fodkl dh lgk;rk djrk gksA* (oS- lEifÙk i`-170)
izFke fo’o;q) ds le; ^fØf’p;u gsjYM* esa ;g lekpkj
Nik Fkk fd fczfV’k lkbal lkslk;Vh dk vf/kos’ku esycksuZ
¼vkLVªsfy;k½ esa gqvkA izksQslj fofy;e osVlu blds lHkkifr FksA
mUgksaus vius Hkk”k.k esa dgk fd ^Mkjfou dk fodklokn fcydqy

vlR; vkSj foKku ds fo#) gSA* izks- izsfVªdxsfMl dgrs gSa fd
For it must be admitted that the factors of the evolution
of man partake largely of the nature of the may-be’s
which has no permanent position in Science. vFkkZr~ ;g
;q) bl ckr dk izek.k gS fd euq”; tSlk igys Fkk oSlk gh vc
Hkh gSA -Ideals of Science and Faith. (oS- lEifÙk i`-212)
lj ts- MCY;w Mklu dgrs gSa fd ^foKku dks cUnj vkSj
euq”; ds chp dh vk—fr dk dqN Hkh irk ugha gSA euq”; dh
izkphure vfLFk;k¡ Hkh orZeku euq”; tSlh gh gSaA buls ml fodkl
dk dqN irk ugha yxrk] tks bl euq”;&’kjhj ds igys gqvk FkkA*
(oS- lEifÙk i`-212)
flMuh dkWysV dgrs gSa fd ^lkbal dh Li”V lk{kh gS fd
euq”; vour n’kk ls mUur n’kk dh vksj pyus ds LFkku esa mYVk
voufr dh vksj tk jgk gSA euq”; dh vkjfEHkd n’kk mÙke FkhA*
(oS- lEifÙk i`-213)
vkpk;Z oS|ukFk ‘kkL=h }kjk fyf[kr ^ôSfnd ;qx vkSj vkfn
ekuo** iqLrd i`- 11 ls mn~/k`r&
Now a days unhappily Jelly fish produces nothing
but Jelly fish. But had that gelatinous morsel been fated
to live. say a million of centuries earlier it might have
been the proginitor of the race from which Homer and
Plato, Devid and paul, Shakespear and our eminent
professor have in their order been evolved. (Conder’s
Natural Selection and Natural Theology)
If it could be shown that the thrush was hatched
from the lizard. (Conder’s same book)
ÝSap nk’kZfud Henri Bergson dks Anti Darwin

theory nsus ds fy, ukscsy iqjLdkj feykA fQj Hkh gekjs izcq)ksa

dks dqN le> ugha vk;kA usV ij vusdksa vU; fons’kh oSKkfudksa
dks Neo Darwinism vkfn MkfoZu fojks/kh F;ksfjt~ dh ppkZ
djrs lq/kh ikBd ns[k ldrs gSaA b/kj Hkkjrh; oSKkfudksa dh ppkZ
ds izlax esa vk;Z fo}ku~ Lokeh fo|kuUn ljLorh }kjk jfpr
^^lR;kFkZ HkkLdj** xzUFk ¼i`- 877½ dks mn~/k`r djuk ;gk¡ izklafxd
gS&
ouLifr’kkL= ds vUrjkZ”Vªh; [;kfrizkIr fo}ku~ Mk- chjcy
lkguh ls iwNk x;k& ^^vki dgrs gSa fd vkjEHk esa ,d lsy ds
thfor izk.kh Fks] muls mUufr djds cM+s&2 izk.kh cu x;sA vki
;g Hkh dgrs gSa fd vkjEHk esa cgqr FkksM+k Kku Fkk] /khjs& 2 mUufr
gksrs gq, Kku ml voLFkk dks igqap x;k] ftldks foKku vkt
igqapk gqvk gSA** rc vki ;g rks crkb;s fd& “Wherefrom did
life come in the very beginning and wherefrom did
knowledge come in the very beginning?” vFkkZr~ ^îzkjEHk esa
thou dgk¡ ls vk;k vkSj izkjEHk esa Kku dgk¡ ls vk;k\ D;ksafd
thou ‘kwU; ls mRiUu gks x;k] ;g ugha ekuk tk ldrkA** Mk-
lkguh us mÙkj esa dgk] ^^blds lkFk gekjk dksbZ lEcU/k ugha fd
vkjEHk esa thou ;k Kku dgk¡ ls vk;kA ge bl ckr dks Lohdkj
djds pyrs gSa fd vkjEHk esa dqN thou Hkh Fkk vkSj dqN Kku Hkh
Fkk**&
“With this we are not concerned as to where from

life came in the very beginning or wherefrom knowledge
came in the very beginning. We are to take it for
granted that there was some life in the beginning of the
world and there was knowledge also in the beginning of
the world and by slow progress it increased.”
blls Hkh fodklokn dh nqcZyrk izdV gks tkrh gSA

vUr esa eSa Hkkjr gh ugha] vfirq fo’o Hkj ds izcq) ekuoksa
o oSKkfudksa ls fuosnu djuk pkgawxk fd os vius bfrgkl ij xoZ
djuk lh[ksaA vki lHkh ;g rks ekurs o tkurs gh gSa fd osn
lalkj esa lcls izkphu xzUFk gSA ge ;g Hkh fl) djus dh {kerk

j[krs gSa fd osn bZ’ojh; Kku gS rFkk osn ea=:ih /ofu rjaxksa ls
gh l`f”V dh mRifÙk gqbZ gS vFkkZr~ ftu /ofu rjaxksa ls czãk.M dh
mRifÙk gqbZ] os /ofu;ka osn ea= gh Fks ,oa orZeku esa os gh rjaxsa
loZ= fo|eku gSaA ;g esjh Vaidic Rashmi theory of
Univerce gS] tks bl czãk.M dks orZeku HkkSfrdh dh vis{kk
cgqr vkxs rd le>k ldrh gSA eSaus _Xosn ds ea=ksa }kjk Hkh
euq”; dh mRifÙk dh ppkZ bl ys[k esa dh gSA osn rFkk _f”k;ksa ds
er esa euq”; dh izFke ih<+h lokZf/kd cqf)erh] ‘kkjhfjd o
ekufld cy rFkk lRoxq.k lEiUu FkhA mlds i’pkr~ muesa U;wurk
gh vk;h] u fd fodkl gqvkA ge lalkj Hkj ds lHkh ekuo mUgha
egku~ iwoZtksa ds oa’kt gSaA osn ge lcdk gS] _f”k ge lcds iwoZt
gSaA osn o _f”k;ksa ds xzUFkksa ij ekuoek= gh ugha] vfirq czãk.M
ds lHkh cqf)eku~ izkf.k;ksa dk lk>k vf/kdkj gSA vk;sa] ge lHkh
bl lk>h fojklr dks viuk;sa] v/;;u o vuqla/kku djsa vkSj xoZ
ls Lo;a dks i`fFkoh ds lcls cqf)eku~ euq”;ksa dk oa’kt dgsaA eSaus
dsoy tSo fodklokn ij gh ppkZ dh gS] Kku o Hkk”kk ds dfFkr
Øfed fodkl dh lekykspuk i`Fkd~ ys[k ok iqLrd esa dh tk
ldrh gSA tSo fodklokn ij Hkh laf{kIr ppkZ dh gS vU;Fkk ;g
ys[k ,d i`Fkd~ iqfLrdk dk :i ys ysrkA foK ikBd Kku o Hkk”kk
ds fodkl ds lkFk&2 lEiw.kZ czãk.M esa vn~Hkqr foKku dks le>us
gsrq ^ôsnfoKku vkyksd%** uked esjs fo’kky xzUFk] tks dqy 2800
i`”Bksa dk pkj Hkkx esa Ni pqdk gS] mls [kjhn dj i<+ ldrs gSaA
gk¡] pyrs&2 ,d ckr ;g Hkh fy[kuk mfpr le>rk gw¡ fd ;fn
dksbZ izcq) ;g dgs fd tc lw{e jf’e;ka fodkl ;k=k djrs gq,
ukuk d.k] QksVksu ,oa ukuk yksdksa dks mRiUu dj ldrh gSa vFkok
muds :i esa izdV gks ldrh gSa] rc vehck ls euq”; ‘kjhj rd
ds fodkl dks D;ksa feF;k crk;k tkrk gS \ bl fo”k; esa gekjk
fuosnu gS fd tM+ txr~ ds fuekZ.k ok fodkl esa jf’e;ka d.k ok
QksVksu izk;% vius Lo:i dks Hkh cuk;s j[krs gSa] ijUrq dksbZ
fodkloknh ;g ugha ekusxk fd fofHkUu izkf.k;ksa ds ‘kjhjksa esa vehck
vius Lo:i esa vofLFkr jgrk gSA bl dkj.k ;g rqyuk djuk
mfpr ugha gSA

esjs fe=ks! tjk fopkjsa fd tks O;fDr ok lekt Lo;a dks
i’kqvksa dk oa’kt dgs] mlesa vkRe&LokfHkeku dgk¡ jgsxk\ bl
fo”k; esa y[kuÅ fo’ofo|ky; esa fn, ,d O;k[;ku esa uklk ds
oSKkfud vkSj Hkkjrh; iz/kkuea=h ds iwoZ oSKkfud lykgdkj izks-
vks-ih- ik.Ms; us MkfoZu ds fodklokn dks [kkfjt djrs gq, mfpr
gh dgk gS fd ^ns’k Hkj ds cPpksa dks xyr fl)kUr i<+k;k tk jgk
gS] ftlls mu ij cqjk izHkko iM+ jgk gSA* ¼uoHkkjr VkbEl &2
Qjojh 2018½ vkb;s] bl nhu&ghurk ds xrZ ls fudkydj eSa
vkidks loksZPp f’k[kj ij ys tkuk pkgrk gw¡A vk;sa] ge lc ,d
bZ’oj ds iq=&iq=h gSa ,oa ;g i`fFkoh gh gekjh vk| tUenk=h eka
gS] bl dkj.k ;g lEiw.kZ fo’o ,d gh ifjokj gSA bl ifjokj dks
lq[k] ‘kfDr o vkuUn dh vksj ys tkus dk ge lc ekuoksa dk
nkf;Ro gSA gesa foKku dks [kqys o mnkj efLr"d ls gh i<+us dk
iz;kl djuk pkfg,A gesa iwokZxzgksa ls cpdj lR;&vlR; dk foosd
djus gsrq lrr iz;Ru djrs jguk pkfg,A

‘kadk ¼3½& egf”kZ n;kuUn th egkjkt us lR;kFkZ Ádk’k ds n’ke
leqYykl esa fy[kk gS fd ^vk;ksZa ds ?kj ij ‘kwnz tc jlksbZ cukosa]
rc eq[k cka/k dj cukosaA D;ksafd muds eq[k ls mfPN”V vkSj
fudyk gqvk ‘okl Hkh vUu esa u iM+sA* vkBosa fnu u[kNsnu djkosa
rFkk Luku djds ikd cuk;k djsaA blls fl) gksrk gS fd egf”kZ
‘kwnzksa ds Áfr HksnHkko ok ?k`.kk dk Hkko j[krs FksA
lek/kku& ;gk¡ ;g rks fl) gh gS fd ikd deZ dsoy ‘kwnzksa ds }kjk

fd;k tk;sA ;fn ‘kwnz vNwr ekuk tkrk] tSlk fd ml dky esa ekuk
tkrk Fkk] rks mlls Hkkstu cuok;k gh D;ksa tkrk\ egf”kZ Li”V
dgrs gSa fd ikd deZ dsoy ‘kwnz gh djsa] czkã.kkfn vius&2 deZ
djsaA ftlls mUgsa fo|kfn dk v/;;u v/;kiu] jkT; ikyu] —f”k
o O;kikj vkfn djus ds fy, vf/kd le; fey ldsA jgh ckr
eaqg ij iV~Vh cka/kus dh] rks ;g LoPNrk dh n`f”V ls dgh xbZ gSA
ÁFke rks ;g ckr Hkyh Ádkj le> ysuh pkfg, fd ‘kwnz ok
czkã.kkfn o.kZ tUe ls ugha deZ ls gh gksrs gSa vkSj Hkxoku~ euq ls
ysdj egf”kZ n;kuUn th rd dh ;gh ekU;rk jgh gSA egkHkkjr
dky ls bl ekU;rk dk iru ÁkjEHk gks x;k Fkk] tks egf”kZ ds
dky esa pjeksRd”kZ ij Fkk] blls ns’k esa Hkkjh lkekftd fo?kVu
gqvkA tjk fopkjsa fd ftl nqHkkZX;iw.kZ dky esa tUeuk czkã.k] tks
Hkys gh deZ.kk vfr’kwnz gksa] {kf=; o oS’; dh Hkh dPph jlksbZ ugha
[kkrs Fks] ogk¡ czkã.k ds ?kj jlksbZ dsoy ‘kwnz gh cukosa] ,slk dguk
Hkh ml le; fdrus lkgl dk dke Fkk\ deZ.kk O;oLFkk ds vk/kkj
ij Hkkstu cukus okyk ‘kwnz gh dgk;sxk] Hkys gh og viuh gh
ekrk] cfgu] ifRu vkfn D;ksa u gks \ rc fl) gqvk fd blds fy,
Hkh egf”kZ us eq[k ij iV~Vh vkfn dh O;oLFkk djus dh lykg nh
gSA D;k Hkkstu ij fdlh dk mfPN”V ¼twaBk½ vUu dk fxj tkuk
vFkok ‘okl dk yxuk ‘kq)rk o LokLF; ds vuqdwy gS! egf”kZ rks
blh leqYykl esa ifRu o ifr dks Hkh ,d nwljs dk mfPN”V [kkus
dk fu”ks/k djrs gSa] rc vU; fdlh ds Hkh mfPN”V dks [kkus dh
lykg dSls ns ldrs gSa\ vk/kqfud foKku Hkh bldk leFkZu djsxkA
lHkh ds ‘kjhjksa dh Á—fr fHkUu&2 gksus ls mfPN”V [kkuk jksxdkjd
gks ldrk gSA blfy, gh eqa[k ij iV~Vh cka/kus dh lykg nh gSA
u[kNsnu] Lukukfn dk ijke’kZ Hkh fn;k gS] ftlls LokHkkfod fl)
gS fd ;s lc deZ LoPNrk ,oa vkjksX; dh n`f”V ls dj.kh; gSA
blesa HksnHkko vkfn dk dksbZ Á’u ugha gSA D;k vki tkurs gSa fd
ftl le; dksbZ ltZu fdlh jksxh dk vkWijs’ku djrk gS] ml
le; og u rks ckgj ifguus okys twrs ifgu ldrk gS vkSj u
lk/kkj.k os’kHkw”kk dks gh /kkj.k dj ldrk gSA cfYd og ,d
fo’ks”k:is.k thok.kqjfgr o iw.kZ ‘kq) dh gqbZ os’kHkw”kk ifgurk rFkk
eq[k] ukd lcdks <ddj gh vkWijs’ku djrk gSA rc D;k vki ;g
dgsaxs fd ltZu vNwr gS] bl dkj.k og eq[k] ukd lcdks <drk
gS vFkok og jksxh dks vNwr ekudj mlds xU/k ls cpus ds fy,
vius eq[k] ukd <drk gSA eSa le>rk gw¡ fd vki ,slh feF;k
/kkj.kk ugha j[ksaxAs ;g O;oLFkk deZ ls ‘kwnz] tks Hkkstu cukus dk
dke djrs gSa] muds fy, gh ugha gS vfirq orZeku esa ekrkvksa
vkfn ds fy, Hkh ,slk djuk pkfg,] lkFk gh ds’k Hkh Hkyh Ádkj
cka/kdj Hkkstu cukuk pkfg,A ftlls Hkkstu esa ds’k VwVdj u
fxjus ikoasA vkt mPp Lrjh; gksVyksa esa ns[ksa] rks ik;saxs fd ogk¡
Hkkstu ijkslus okyk jksVh dks gkFk ls idM+ dj ugha cfYd LVhy
ls LoPN fpeVs ;s idM+dj ijkslrk gSA D;k bls NwvkNwr dgsaxs
vFkok LoPNrk\ vk’kk gS vki bl ij dksbZ vkifÙk ugha djsaxAs
Á’u& vki iwokZxzg xzLr gksdj ,sls rdZ nsdj gesa lUrq”V djuk
pkg jgs gSa] tks U;k;;qDr ugha gSA blh leqYykl esa egf”kZ us ;g
Hkh rks fy[kk gS& ^^pk.Mky dk ‘kjhj nqxZU/k ds ijek.kqvksa ls Hkjk
gksrk gSA oSlk czkã.kkfn o.kksZa dk ughaA blfy, czkã.kkfn mÙke o.kksZa
ds gkFk dk [kkuk vkSj pk.Mkykfn uhp] Hk³~xh] pekj vkfn dk u
[kkukA** blls Li”V gS fd _f”k mUgsa vNwr ekurs FksA
mÙkj& bl fo”k; esa egf”kZ ds eUrO; dks lEiw.kZ :i ls tkuus ds

fy, blls iwoZ Ádj.k dks Hkh tkuuk vko’;d gSA bl Á’u fd
‘kwnz ds Nw, ids vUu ds [kkus esa tc nks”k yxkrs gSa] rks mlds gkFk
dk cuk;k dSls [kk ldrs gSa\ ds mÙkj esa egf”kZ fy[krs gSa& ^^;g
ckr diksydfYir >wBh gS D;ksafd ftUgksaus xqM+] phuh] ?k`r] nw/k]
filku] ‘kkd Qyewy [kk;k] mUgksaus tkuks lc txr~ Hkj ds gkFk
dk cuk;k vkSj mfPN”V [kk fy;kA D;ksafd tc ‘kwnz] pekj] Hk³~xh]
eqlyeku] bZlkbZ vkfn yksx [ksrksa esa ls bZ[k dks dkVrs Nhyrs -----
--------------------- tc bu inkFkksZa dks [kk;k] rks tkuks lcds
gkFk dk [kk fy;kA ----------- gk¡] eqlyeku] bZlkbZ vkfn e|
ekalkgkfj;ksa ds gkFk ds [kkus esa vk;ksZa dks Hkh e|ekalkfn [kkuk&ihuk
vijk/k ihNs yx iM+rk gSA ijUrq vkil esa vk;ksZa dk ,d Hkkstu
gksus esa dksbZ nks”k ugha yxrkA** bl leLr Ádj.k ij xEHkhjrk ls
fopkj djus ls dqN ckrsa Li”V gksrh gSa&
1- tc xqM+] phuh] ?k`r] nw/k vkfn ge [kkrs gSa] rc mi;qZDr

lHkh ds gkFk dk gh ugha] cfYd ijks{k:is.k mudk mfPN”V
Hkh [kkuk iM+ tkrk gSA
2- ekal efnjk dk lsou djus okyksa ds gkFk dk blfy, ugha
[kkuk pkfg,] D;ksafd mudh laxfr ls ;s iki geesa Hkh vkus
dh Ácy vk’kadk jgrh gSA
3- ‘kjhj vfr nqxUZ /k;qDr gks] rks mlds gkFk dk [kkuk Hkh
vkjksX; dh n`f”V ls gkfudkjd gksrk gS] bl dkj.k ,sls
O;fDr ds gkFk dk cuk ugha [kkuk pkfg,A os dgrs gSa fd
pk.Mkykfn dk ‘kjhj nqxZU/k ds ijek.kqvksa ls Hkjk jgrk gSA
vr% ugha [kkuk pkfg,A pk.Mkykfn uhp Hka³~xh] pekjkfn]
bu ‘kCnksa dk Á;ksx fd;k x;kA
fu”d”kZ& xqM+] phuh] ?k`r] nw/k vkfn [kkus ls lcdk Nqok ok mfPN”V
[kkuk gks tkrk gS] ;g ckr egf”kZ us mu yksxksa dks mÙkj nsus ds
fy, dgh gS] tks NwvkNwr ds Ácy leFkZd gksdj ‘kwnz ek= ds gkFk
dk [kkus dk fu”ks/k djrs gSaA nwljh ckr ;g gS fd tks yksx xqM+]
[kkaM+ vkfn cukus ds O;olk; esa yxs gSa] pkgs mUgsa lekt Hkaxh]
pekj ok dqN Hkh D;ksa ugha ekurk gS] os vfr nqxUZ /k okys dk;Z
ugha djrs gSa] bl dkj.k mudk ‘kjhj nqxUZ /k;qDr ugha gksrk gSA
vr% xqM+] [kkaM+ vkfn ds [kkus ds leku gh muds gkFk dk cuk
Hkkstu djus esa Hkh dksbZ nks”k ugha gSA ijUrq ;g Hkh /;ku j[kuk gS
fd os e| ekalkfn dk vkgkj u djrs gksaA dksbZ dgs fd xqM+ o
[kkaM+ cukus okys Hkh ;fn e| ekalkfn dh vkgkj djrs gksa] rks D;k
xqM+ vkfn inkFkZ Hkh u [kk;s tk;as\ bldk mÙkj ;g gS fd bu
inkFkksZa ds cukus okyksa dh ijh{kk loZ= loZFkk lEHko ugha vkSj
mldh laxfr Hkh bu inkFkksZa ds [kkus ek= ls ugha gksrhA bl dkj.k
e| ekalkfn [kkus okys ;fn xqM+ vkfn cukrs Hkh gSa] rks Hkh nks”k
ugha gksxk ijUrq ;fn Hkkstu cukdj ijkslsaxs] rks mldh laxfr vkfn
nks”k vk;saxAs bl dkj.k ugha [kkukA tgk¡ nqxZU/k ds dkj.k Hkkstu
djus dk fu”ks/k fd;k gS] ogk¡ pk.Mkykfn uhp ‘kCnksa dk Á;ksx gSA
pk.Mky os yksx gksrs Fks] tks cLrh ls nwj e| ekalkfn dk Ápqj
Á;ksx djrs rFkk vfr efyu jgrs FksA muds lkFk gh Hkaxh] pekj
vkfn dk Á;ksx mu yksxksa ds fy, fd;k gS] tks pk.Mkykfn ds
leku ekalkgkjh] e|ih gSa] lkFk gh eSyk vkfn <ksus dk dke djrs
rFkk ‘kq)rk ls vfr nwj jgus okys gksrs FksA os xqM+ cukus okys ds
leku LoPN deZ ds djus okys ugha gksrs FksA dfFkr tUeuk tkfr
Hkys gh os Hkaxh] pekj vkfn uke ls lEcksf/kr fd;s tkrs Fks iqujfi
os vis{kk—r LoPN jgrs Fks] bl dkj.k muds gkFk ds cuk;s xqM+]
[kkaM+] ?k`r vkfn [kkus dk fu”ks/k ugha fd;k gSA tgk¡ rd blds
mfPN”V ok xUnxh ds lekos’k dh ckr gS] rks bldk vFkZ ;g ugha
fd xqM+ vkfn cukus okyksa dks ,slk djuk gh pkfg,A egf”kZ dh
n`f”V esa mUgsa Hkh LoPN jguk o LoPNrk ls gh ;s lc deZ djus
pkfg, ijUrq os ,slk Ák;% ugha djrs] rc ,sls inkFkksZa dk [kkuk
,d foo’krk Hkh ekuh tk ldrh gSA ;g Hkh ,d rF; gS fd xqM+
vkfn vfr mPp rki ij cuus ls os ‘kq) gks tkrs gSa] tcfd
Hkkstu cukrs le; bruk mPp rki ugha gksrk] lkFk gh Hkkstu
djus esa ;g foo’krk dHkh&2 vkiRdky esa gh gksrh gSA rc Ák.k
j{kkFkZ nqxZU/k o fgalk ls xzLr yksxksa dk cuk;k Hkkstu djuk ok
muds lax djuk Hkh mfpr gksxkA gesa LoPNrk ok vfgalk tSls
ifo= Hkkoksa dks NwvkNwr] HksnHkko tSls ?k`f.kr o v/keZ;qDr O;ogkj
ls ugha tksM+us pkfg,A gesa ;g Hkh ns[kuk pkfg, fd gj ‘kwnz leku
deZ ugha djrkA Hkkstu okys ‘kwnz dks ifo= gh jguk pkfg, pkgs
mlds ekrk firk dksbZ Hkh efyu dk;Z D;ksa u djus okys gksaA tjk
fopkjsa fd ;fn dksbZ xUnxh lkQ djus dk dke djs vkSj lkjs fnu
blh esa jgs rFkk Hkyh Ádkj gkFk] eq[k ok ‘kjhj dh ‘kqf) u djsA
ey foltZu ds Ik’pkr~ Hkh Hkyh Ádkj gLr Á{kkyu u djsA peM+s
dk dke djrs gq, ‘kjhj dh vfr ‘kq)rk ij /;ku u ns] rc ,slh
ifjfLFkfr esa mlds gkFk dk cuk Hkkstu mlds ifjokj okyksa dks Hkh
ugha [kkuk pkfg,A mlds ?kj Hkkstu cukus okyh ekrkvksas dks rks
ifo= jguk gh pkfg,A vki tkurs gSa fd lHkh ifjokjksa esa ekrk;sa
jtksdky esa Hkkstukfn ikddeZ ls i`Fkd~ gh jgrh gSaA bldk ikyu
Ák;% lHkh djrs gSa] rc D;k ekuk tk;s fd ;g ekrkvksa ds Áfr
HksnHkko dk lwpd gSA ;fn vkids gkFk nqxUZ /k;qDr gSa] rc D;k vki
mu gkFkksa ls Hkkstu djuk pkgsaxs\ ;fn ugha] rks egf”kZ dks nks”k dSls
ns ldrs gSa\
tjk crkb;s fd tc dksbZ ltZu fdlh jksxh dk vkWijs’ku

djrk gS] rc og D;k fdlh lQkbZ deZpkjh dks ogk¡ fFk;sVj esa
vkus nsxk\ D;k og ,slk fdlh HksnHkko ds dkj.k djrk gS\ og
ltZu u dsoy lQkbZ deZpkjh dks cfYd fdlh vU; ltZu dks Hkh
fcuk mfpr x.kos’k o thok.kqjks/ku ds Áos’k ugha djus nsxkA D;k
;g Hkh NwvkNwr gS\ ;fn ugha rks] ikd’kkyk] tks vkWijs’ku d{k ds
leku gh ifo= gksuh pkfg,] dh LoPNrk dks ysdj ,sls Á’u D;ksa
[kM+s fd;s tkrs gSa\ vk’p;Z gS fd vkt ds dfFkr lektokfn;ksa dks
LoPNrk o d#.kk ls Hkh ?k`.kk gks jgh gS] ;g dSlk ikxyiu gSA
;fn ,slk lektokn lHkh Hkkstuky;ksa ,oa fpfdRlky;ksa esa ykxw dj
fn;k tk;s] rks vusd laØked jksxksa dk Ádksi gks tk;sxk ijUrq tks
ijk;s xq.k esa nks”k o vius nks”k esa xq.k gh ns[kus ds vH;klh gksa]
mudh D;k fpfdRlk gks\
Á’u& lR;kFkZ Ádk’k esa ckj&2 Hkaxh] pekj o uhp ‘kCnksa dk Á;ksx
fd;k x;k gS\ D;k ;s lc ?k`.kk ok HksnHkko ds lwpd ugha gS\ D;k
;s vkifÙktud ugha gS\ D;k ,sls ‘kCnksa dk Á;ksx fdlh
ekuorkoknh dks ‘kksHkuh; gS\
mÙkj& gk¡] orZeku dky esa budk mi;ksx vkifÙktud ekuk tkrk
gS o gS Hkh] ijUrq blds lek/kku ds fy, blh iqLrd ds v/;k;
îFkHkz”Vksa dk nEHk* dks /;ku ls i<+us dk d”V djsa] tgk¡ crk;k gS
fd Hkk”kk ns’k o dky ds vuqlkj ifjofrZr gksrh jgrh gSA ogk¡ bl
ij foLrkj ls fopkj fd;k x;k gSA iqujfi ,d mnkgj.k }kjk eSa
bls iqu% Li”V djuk pkgw¡xkA iwoZ esa dksbZ O;fDr y?kq’kadk djus dks
êwruk* dgrk Fkk] tks êw= Álzo.ks* /kkrq ls fu”iUu êw=* ‘kCn ls
cuk gSA ;g ‘kCn u rks cqjk gS vkSj u vlH;rk dk Árhd ijUrq
mlds dqN dky Ik’pkr~ vaxst z h lH;rk ds ÁHkko ls laL—r ‘kCn
ew= ds viHkza’k êwr* ok êwruk* ‘kCnksa dks vlH; o xaokjksa dh
Hkk”kk ds ‘kCn ekuk tkus yxkA vaxst z h Hkk”kk ds ^;wfju* ‘kCn dk
Á;ksx Ápfyr gqvkA b/kj Hkkjrh; lH;rk ds yksxksa us ^y?kq’kadk*
‘kCn dk vkfo”dkj fd;kA /khjs&2 ;wjhu o y?kq’kadk nksuksa ds LFkku
ij ew= R;kxus dks ckFk:e tkuk o u dsoy ew= R;kxus ds LFkku
dks vfirq ey R;kx ds LFkku dks Hkh ^VkW;ysV* ‘kCn ls lEcksf/kr
fd;k tkus yxkA tks ‘kCn dHkh ^VV~Vh* ?kj Fkk iqu% îk[kkuk* iqu%
^ySVªhu* iqu% ^VkW;ysV* gks x;kA vc ey o ew= R;kx nksuksa gh
LFkku dks ^VkW;ysV* ugha cfYd ^ckFk:e* dgus yxsA Luku ?kj Hkh
ckFk:e vkSj eyew= R;kx dk LFkku Hkh ckFk:eA vc ckFk:e
‘kCn Hkh vlH; gks x;kA blds LFkku ij ôkW’k:e* izpfyr gks
x;k] vki jsyxkM+h o ok;q;ku esa blds LFkku ij Lavatory ‘kCn
ns[k ldrs gSaA eSaus ubZ fnYyh esa ,d dsUnzh; ea=h egksn; ds
vkokl ij ‘kkSpky; o ew=ky; ds fy, fy, Rest Room fy[kk
ns[kk] ns[kdj nax jg x;k vkSj vaxzsth Hkk”kkfonksa dh bl papyrk
ij galh gh vk;hA vHkh rks Hkfo”; esa blds LFkku ij Hkh dksb Z
vU; ‘kCn vk ldrk gSA ;g Hkk”kk dk gh Áokg gSA gesa ;g dgus
esa Hkh yTtk vkus yxh fd eSa ew= R;kx ok ‘kkSp ds fy, tk jgk
gw¡] tjk lksfp;s] fd vkt dksbZ dgs eSa ewrus ok ey R;kx djus tk
jgk gw¡ rks vki ml ij gal iM+saxs vkSj mls xaokj dgsaxs vkSj vki
ckFk:e ‘kCn dk Á;ksx gksdj lH; o Áxfr’khy gks x;s\ cl Hkk”kk
,sls gh cnyrh gSA bldk dksbZ nks”k Hkh ugha ekuuk pkfg,A ;g
Hkk”kk dk ,d LokHkkfod xq.k gSA vr% egf”kZ us tks muds dky esa
Ápfyr ‘kCn Fks] os gh Á;ksx fd;s gSaA budks ysdj ‘kksj ugha
epkuk pkfg,A vk’p;Z gS fd vkt dqN mPp Lrjh; oSfnd fo}ku~
ekus tkus okys Hkh bu ‘kCnksa ls Mj dj _f”k dh Hkk”kk dks lq/kkjus
dh odkyr djus yxs gSa\ D;k iwoZ dky ds lHkh xzUFkksa dh Hkk”kk
dks lq/kkjuk ys[kdksa ds lkFk U;k; gksxk\ D;k ,slk djuk fdlh dk
vf/kdkj gks ldrk gS\ esjh n`f”V esa dHkh ughaA gk¡] orZeku ifjos’k
dks ns[k ml ij viuh fVIi.kh nh tk ldrh gSA gk¡] bruk vo’;
gS fd Hkaxh] pekj vkfn ‘kCnksa dk Á;ksx orZeku esa ughsa djuk
pkfg, D;kssafd orZeku Hkk”kk esa ;s ‘kCn vPNs ugha ekus tk ldrs
ijUrq fdlh iqjkru xzUFk dh Hkk”kk dks gh cny fn;k tkus yxk] rks

Hkk”kk ds ifjorZu dk bfrgkl gh lekIr gks tk;sxkA fQj rks Ákphu
lHkh xzUFkksa dks la’kksf/kr djuk gksxk ijUrq D;k lalkj esa dksbZ Hkh
lEÁnk; ok lekt ,slk djuk pkgsxk\ fQj xzUFkksa ds la’kks/ku dh
izfØ;k D;k lrr pyrh jgsxh\

fouez fuosnu
ekU;oj! vkius vkpk;Z th ds dk;Z vkSj egÙkk dks Hkyh
Ádkj le> fy;k gksxk] ,slh vk’kk djrs gSaA ;fn vkids ân;
vkSj efLr”d osn ds bl viwoZ dk;Z ds fy, mRlqd gq, gksa vkSj
gesa viuk lg;ksx djuk pkgsa rks vki gekjs ;K esa fuEu izdkj
ls lg;ksxh cu ldrs gSa&
1. izfro"kZ U;wure 12,000@& :i;s vFkok ,d ckj U;wure
,d yk[k :i;s dk nku djds lg;ksxh laj{kd cu ldrs
gSaA vkidks U;kl dh okf"kZd cSBd esa] tks izk;% okf"kZdksRlo
ds volj ij gqvk djsxh] esa fo’ks"k vfrfFk:is.k vkefU=r
fd;k tkrk jgsxkA
2. izfro"kZ U;wure 6,000@& :i;s vFkok ,d lkFk U;wure
50,000@& :i;s nsdj fo’ks"k vkefU=r lnL; cu ldrs
gSaA vkidks Hkh okf"kZd cSBd ds volj ij vfrfFk :iss.k
vkefU=r fd;k tkrk jgsxkA
3. okf"kZd U;wure 1,000@& :i;s vFkok ,d lkS ekfld nsrs
jgdj lg;ksxh lnL; cu ldrs gSaA
uksV& mi;qZDr lHkh lg;ksxh egkuqHkkoksa dks U;kl dh C.A. }kjk dh
gqbZ okf”kZd vkWfMV fjiksVZ Hksth tk;k djsxhA tks egkuqHkko Lo;a
nku ugha dj ldsa] os nwljksa dks izsfjr djds de ls de 8 lnL;
vkfn cukdj Lo;a fu%’kqYd mlh Js.kh ds lnL; ok lg;ksxh
laj{kd vkfn cu ldrs gSaA
4. o;kso`) fo}ku~] laU;klh] lk/kq] egku~ oSKkfud egkuqHkko
viuk vk’khokZn rFkk ckSf)d lg;ksx ns ldrs gSaA
5. fo|kFkhZ] fdlku] Jfed] O;kikjh vkfn viuh ifo= vkgqfr J)k o
lkeF;Z ds vuqlkj lg;ksx dj ldrs gSaA

fo'ks"k fuosnu
;g dk;Z vR;Ur ifo= gS] bl dkj.k vkpk;Z Jh dh
Hkkoukuqlkj fouez fuosnu gS fd ftudh vkthfodk fdlh Hkh Ádkj
dh fgalk] pksjh] rLdjh] v’yhyrko/kZd lk/kuksa] u’khyh oLrqvksa dh
foØh] /kks[kk/kM+h] ‘kks”k.k vkfn ij fuHkZj gks rFkk tks fu/kZu HkkbZ
viuh lkeF;Z ls vf/kd ¼vFkok vius ifjokj esa Dys’k djds½
nku nsuk pkgrs gksa] ,sls egkuqHkkoksa dh ln~Hkkouk dk /kU;okn djrs
gq, Hkh ge mudk nku ysus esa vleFkZ gSaA —i;k ,slk djus dk
ÁLrko djds gesa yfTtr u djsaA gk¡] tks cU/kq ,sls deksZa dks
R;kxdj gels tqM+uk pkgsa] rks mudk gkfnZd Lokxr gSA
;k
vki viuk pSd@Mªk¶V@/kukns’k] ^îzeq[k] Jh oSfnd LofLr

iUFkk U;kl** PAN No. AAATV7229A ds uke ¼dsoy [kkrs esa
ns;½ Hkstus dk d"V djsa] lkFk gh viuk uke o irk lkQ v{kjksa
esa fy[kdj vo’; Hkstus dh —ik djsaA vki vkWuykbu Hkh /ku
tek djok ldrs gSa ijUrq ,slk djus okys egkuqHkko viuk uke o
irk nwjHkk”k }kjk rRdky lwfpr djus dk d”V djsa] ftlls le;
ij jlhn Hksth tk lds] vU;Fkk gesa cgqr dfBukbZ gksrh gSA
uksV& U;kl dks fn;k gqvk nku vk;dj vf/kfu; 1961 dh /kkjk 80-th ds
vUrxZr djeqDr gSA
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vks3e~

ewY; & 100 #- osn j{kkFkZ visf{kr lg;kssx jkf’k

2- D;k lR;kFkZ Ádk’k gesa yfTtr Hkh djrk gS\ 06

4- dqN vU; lEHkkfor ‘kadkvksa dk lek/kku 47

lR;kFkZizdk’k mHkjrs iz’u & xjtrs mÙkj | 1

lR;kFkZÁdk’k ds fofo/k Ádk’kdksa us vusd laLdj.k fudkys

dqN dfFkr vk;Zlekft;ksa }kjk vkSj brj yksxksa }kjk Hkh

2 | lR;kFkZizdk’k mHkjrs iz’u & xjtrs mÙkj

eSa bl laLFkk ls yxHkx 13 lky ls tqM+k gw¡] vkSj ;gk¡ ds

ßlR;kFkZÁdk’k &mHkjrs Á’u xtZrs mÙkj** iqLrd esa ewyr% 3

lR;kFkZizdk’k mHkjrs iz’u & xjtrs mÙkj | 3

¼3½ rhljk v/;k; ßvU; tfVy ‘kadkvksa dk lek/kku** uked gSA

;s rhuksa v/;k; eSaus i<+s gaS] vkSj rkfdZd] O;kogkfjd]

vc rd rks ge vk;Ztu brj lEÁnk; ds Á’udrkZvksa ds

4 | lR;kFkZizdk’k mHkjrs iz’u & xjtrs mÙkj

ßlR;kFkZÁdk’k & mHkjrs Á’u xtZrs mÙkj** bl iqLrd ds

Áks0 MkW0 olUr enulqjs ¼fo|kFkhZ½

lR;kFkZizdk’k mHkjrs iz’u & xjtrs mÙkj | 5

6 | lR;kFkZizdk’k mHkjrs iz’u & xjtrs mÙkj

1- czãpkjh jgrs gq, _f”k us xHkkZ/kku vkfn dk fof/k dSl s

2- /kk; dk nw/k fiykus ds fy;s /kk; dgk¡ ls yk;sa] tcfd Lo;a

3- fu;ksx dh ÁFkk o mldh odkyr djuk vuqfpr gh ugha

fÁ; ikBdx.k! bu rhuksa gh Á’uksa ij vk;Z fo}kuksa us dbZ

mi;ZqDr Á’uksa ds ‘kkL=h; Áek.kksa dks blfy, NksM+ jgk gw¡ fd

1- _f”k dks xHkkZ/kku vkfn dk fof/k dSls Kkr gqvk\

2- /kk; ds fo”k; esa&

_f”k okD;ksa ij fopkj& ;gk¡ _f”k ds lEiw.kZ fopkjksa dks

1- 6 fnu rd ekrk gh nw/k fiyk;s] ;fn mlds nw/k gS] rksA

bu ckrksa ij fopkj djus ls rhu ckrsa lkeus vkrh gSa &

1- cPPkk gj fLFkfr esa LoLFk] laLdkfjr ,oa cyoku~ cusA os

2- cPps ds lkFk _f”k dk /;ku ml ekrk ds LokLF; ij Hkh

_f”k us /kk;h dh ijh{kk dh ckr Hkh dgh gSA ;g

lR;kFkZizdk’k mHkjrs iz’u & xjtrs mÙkj | 13

tks fu/kZu gksa] /kk; u j[k ldas] rks xk;&cdjh ds nw/k ds

lR;kFkZizdk’k mHkjrs iz’u & xjtrs mÙkj | 15

4- fu;ksx fo”k;& bl fo”k; ij fopkj djus ls iwoZ gesa _f”k

16 | lR;kFkZizdk’k mHkjrs iz’u & xjtrs mÙkj

lR;kFkZizdk’k mHkjrs iz’u & xjtrs mÙkj | 17

20 | lR;kFkZizdk’k mHkjrs iz’u & xjtrs mÙkj

22 | lR;kFkZizdk’k mHkjrs iz’u & xjtrs mÙkj

vk;Z lekt ds ew/kZU; fo}ku~ J)s; Mk- Hkokuhyky th

lR;kFkZizdk’k mHkjrs iz’u & xjtrs mÙkj | 23

ijksidkfj.kh lHkk ds ekU; Á/kku Jh xtkuUn th vk;Z

Mk- vjksM+k us ys[k esa Ácq) ,oa ‘kq) dk Hksn n’kkZdj

vc vkids Ácks/k dh ijh{kk djrs gSa&

_f”k n;kuUn osn rFkk czãk ls tSfefu eqfu Ik;ZUr ds

vYia ok cgq ok ;L; JqrL;ksidjksfr ;%A

vkpk;Z dh ifjHkk”kk esa Hkxoku~ euq dk dguk gS&

miuh;rq ;% f’k”;a osne/;ki;sn~ f}t%A

;g rks Bhd gS fd _f”k n;kuUn ds Jheq[k ls ge yksxksa us

vki nqfu;ka ns[kus ij gh nEHk dj jgh gSaA lquks] nqfu;ka rks

^^;s yksx vk;Z lekt dh vis{kk fiNM+s ugha gSaA Kku]

leh{kk& bl ij gesa dqN ugha dguk gS D;ksafd vkids Ácq)ksa esa

1- vc rks vkpk;Z th us ,srjs; czkã.k dk oSKkfud Hkk”; fo’kkydk; xzUFk ds

30 | lR;kFkZizdk’k mHkjrs iz’u & xjtrs mÙkj

leh{kk& bl fo”k; esa Ák;% yksx vEcsMdjokn] xka/khokn] lkE;okn

lR;kFkZizdk’k mHkjrs iz’u & xjtrs mÙkj | 31

32 | lR;kFkZizdk’k mHkjrs iz’u & xjtrs mÙkj

Á’u& vkfn l`f”V esa ,d tkfr Fkh ok vusd\

vk;Z ¼/kkfeZd] fo}ku~] nso vkfn½

lR;kFkZizdk’k mHkjrs iz’u & xjtrs mÙkj | 33

;g /;krO; gS fd vk;Z dh eq[; ifgpku /kkfeZdrk gh gS

vc ^Hkaxh*] ^pekj* ‘kCnksa ij fopkj djrs gSaA ÁFke /;krO;

HkwrÁsr fo”k; esa os fy[krs gSa& ^^mldk vks”kf/k lsou vkSj

vc ^Hkaxh] ^pekj ‘kCnksa ij fopkj djrs gSaA ÁFke /;krO;