JLPT N1 Vocab List: This Is Not A Cumulative List. (It Doesn't Contain The Vocab Needed by JLPT N2 and Below)

JLPT Resources – http://www.tanos.co.
uk/jlpt/
JLPT N1 Vocab List

This is not a cumulative list. (It doesn't contain the vocab needed by JLPT N2
and below).
Kanji Hiragana English

嗚呼ああ Ah!, Oh!, Alas!
相あい together, mutually, fellow
相変わらずあいかわらず as ever, as usual, the same
civility, courtesy, compliments, sociability,

愛想あいそ
graces
confrontation, facing, between ourselves, no

相対あいたい
third party, tete-a-tete
間柄あいだがら relation(ship)
愛憎あいにく likes and dislikes
合間あいま interval
曖昧あいまい vague, ambiguous
敢えてあえて dare (to do), challenge (to do)
to look up (to), to respect, to depend on, to ask

仰ぐあおぐ
for, to seek, to revere, to drink, to take
垢あか dirt, filth
亜科あか suborder, subfamily
銅あかがね copper
証あかし proof, evidence
赤字あかじ deficit, go in the red
1
JLPT Resources – http://www.tanos.co.uk/jlpt/
明かすあかす to pass, spend, to reveal, to divulge
赤ちゃんあかちゃん baby, infant
明白あからさま obvious, overt, plainly, frankly
赤らむあからむ to become red, to redden, to blush
明るいあかるい bright, cheerful
1. slope, advance income, crop yield, ascent,

上がりあがり rise, advance, death, spinning, completion,
stop, finish, after
to enter, to go up, to rise, to climb up, to

上がるあがる advance, to appreciate, to be promoted, to
improve, to call on,
商人あきうど trader, shopkeeper, merchant
空間あきま vacancy, room for rent or lease
諦めあきらめ resignation, acceptance, consolation
呆れるあきれる to be amazed, to be shocked
悪あく evil, wickedness
灰あく puckery juice
あくどい 1. gaudy, showy, excessive, 2. vicious
悪日あくび unlucky day
明くるあくる next, following
憧れあこがれ yearning, longing, aspiration
顎あご chin
2
麻あさ flax, linen, hemp
明後日あさって day after tomorrow
朝寝坊あさねぼう oversleeping, late riser
wretched, miserable, shameful, mean,

浅ましいあさましい
despicable, abject
字あざ section of village
欺くあざむく to deceive
鮮やかあざやか vivid, clear, brilliant
あざ笑うあざわらう to sneer at, to ridicule
味わいあじわい flavour, meaning, significance
東あずま east, Eastern Japan
焦るあせる to be in a hurry, to be impatient
1. (uk) there, over there, that place, 2. (X) (col)

彼処あそこ
genitals
値あたい value, price, cost, worth, merit
値するあたいする to be worth, to deserve, to merit
私あたし I (fem)
hit, success, reaching the mark, per ..., vicinity,

当たりあたり
neighborhood
usual, common, ordinary, natural, reasonable,

当たり前あたりまえ
obvious
another person, unrelated person, outsider,

他人あだびと
stranger
3
彼方此方あちこち here and there
彼方あちら 1. there, yonder, that
彼方此方あちらこちら here and there
deterioration, growing worse, aggravation,

悪化あっか
degeneration, corruption
呆気ないあっけない not enough, too quick (short long etc.)
悪口あっこう abuse, insult, slander, evil speaking
あっさり easily, readily, quickly
圧迫あっぱく pressure, coercion, oppression
扱いあつかい treatment, service
集まるあつまる to gather, to collect, to assemble
誂えるあつらえる to give an order, to place an order
圧力あつりょく stress, pressure
当てあて object, aim, end, hopes, expectations
宛あて addressed to
phonetic-equivalent character, substitute

当て字あてじ
character
当てはまるあてはまる to apply (a rule)
当てはめるあてはめる to apply, to adapt
宛てるあてる to address
跡継ぎあとつぎ heir, successor
4
後回しあとまわし putting off, postponing
貴女あなた you, lady
彼のあの that over there
溢れるあふれる to flood, to overflow, to brim over
油絵あぶらえ oil painting
炙るあぶる to scorch
あべこべ contrary, opposite, inverse
甘えるあまえる to behave like a spoiled child, to fawn on
甘口あまくち sweet flavour, mildness, flattery, stupidity
雨具あまぐ rain gear
天あまつ heavenly, imperial
網あみ net, network
heaven and earth, the universe, nature, top

天地あめつち
and bottom, realm, sphere, world
操るあやつる to manipulate, to operate, to pull strings
あやふや uncertain, vague, ambiguous
to fear, to have misgivings, to be doubtful, to

危ぶむあやぶむ
mistrust
過ちあやまち fault, error, indiscretion
誤るあやまる to make a mistake
歩みあゆみ walking
5
歩むあゆむ to walk, to go on foot
あら oh, ah, saw-edged perch (Niphon spinosus)
予めあらかじめ beforehand, in advance, previously
to lay waste, to devastate, to damage, to

荒らすあらす
invade, to break into
粗筋あらすじ outline, summary
dispute, strife, quarrel, dissension, conflict,

争いあらそい
rivalry, contest
改まるあらたまる to be renewed
荒っぽいあらっぽい rough, rude
凡ゆるあらゆる all, every
あられ kind of cookie, cartoon character
現われあらわれ embodiment, materialization
to appear, to come in sight, to become visible,

現われるあらわれる to come out, to embody, to materialize, to
express oneself
有難うありがとう Thank you
state, condition, circumstances, the way things

有様ありさま
are or should be, truth
有りのままありのまま the truth, fact, as it is, frankly
或るある a certain..., some...
或いはあるいは or, possibly
彼此あれこれ one thing or another, this and that, this or that
6
to join together, to face, to unite, to be

合わすあわす opposite, to combine, to connect, to add up, to
mix, to match, to
合わせあわせ joint together, opposite, facing
慌ただしいあわただしい busy, hurried, confused, flurried
to become confused (disconcerted

慌てるあわてる
disorganized)
暗殺あんさつ assassination
暗算あんざん mental arithmetic
暗示あんじ hint, suggestion
案じるあんじる to be anxious, to ponder
安静あんせい rest
案の定あんのじょう sure enough, as usual
not very (this form only used as adverb), not

余りあんまり much, remainder, rest, remnant, surplus,
balance, excess, rema
依い depending on
良いいい good
伊井いい that one, Italy
否いいえ no, nay, yes, well
moderate, right, random, not thorough, vague,

いい加減いいかげん
irresponsible, halfhearted
言い訳いいわけ excuse, explanation
家出いえで running away from home, leaving home
7
家主いえぬし landlord
如何いかが how, in what way
生かすいかす to revive, to resuscitate, to make use of
雷いかずち thunder
how?, in what way?, how much?, however,

如何にいかに
whatever
如何にもいかにも indeed, really, phrase meaning agreement
怒りいかり anger, hatred
怒るいかる to get angry, to be angry
to warp, to swerve, to deflect, to be crooked, to

歪むいがむ be distorted, to be bent, to incline, to slant, to
be perv
粋いき chic, style, purity, essence
域外いきがい outside the area
意気込むいきごむ to be enthusiastic about
1. details, whole story, sequence of events,

経緯いきさつ particulars, how it started, how things got this
way, 2. c
misunderstanding, estrangement,
行き違いいきちがい disagreement, crossing without meeting, going
astray
行き成りいきなり suddenly
異議いぎ objection, dissent, protest
いく to come, to orgasm
8
軍いくさ war, battle, campaign, fight
戦いくさ war, battle, campaign, fight
育成いくせい rearing, training, nurture, cultivation, promotion
幾多いくた many, numerous
活けるいける to arrange (flowers)
異見いけん different opinion, objection
意向いこう intention, idea, inclination
移行いこう switching over to
いざ now, come (now), well, crucial moment
碑いしぶみ stone monument bearing an inscription
衣装いしょう clothing, costume, outfit, garment, dress
disposition, spirit, willpower, obstinacy,

意地いじ
backbone, appetite
苛めるいじめる to tease, to torment, to persecute, to chastise
移住いじゅう migration, immigration
弄るいじる to touch, to tamper with
where, which, who, anyway, anyhow, at any

何れいずれ
rate
異性いせい the opposite sex
遺跡いせき historic ruins (remains relics)
依然いぜん still, as yet
9
依存いそん dependence, dependent, reliance
consign (goods (for sale) to a firm), entrust

委託いたく
(person with something), commit
悪戯いたずら tease, prank, trick, practical joke, mischief
頂いただき (top of) head, summit, spire
戴きますいただきます expression of gratitude before meals
至っていたって very much, exceedingly, extremely
痛むいたむ to hurt, to feel a pain, to be injured
to hurt, to injure, to cause pain, to worry, to

痛めるいためる
bother, to afflict, to be grieved over
炒めるいためる to stir-fry
to pity, to sympathize with, to console, to care

労るいたわる
for, to be kind to
市いち market, fair
位地いち place, situation, position, location
一々いちいち one by one, separately
一概にいちがいに unconditionally, as a rule
一見いちげん unfamiliar, never before met
一言いちげん single word
一日いちじつ 1. one day, 2. first of month
fixed, settled, definite, uniform, regularized,

一定いちじょう
defined, standardized, certain, prescribed
著しいいちじるしい remarkable, considerable
10
一同いちどう all present, all concerned, all of us
一人いちにん one person
1. one copy e.g. of a document, 2. a part,

一部いちぶ
partly, some
一部分いちぶぶん a part
一別いちべつ parting
one side, one phase, front page, the other

一面いちめん
hand, the whole surface
一目いちもく a glance, a look, a glimpse
uniformity, evenness, similarity, equality,

一様いちよう
impartiality
一律いちりつ evenness, uniformity, monotony, equality
一連いちれん a series, a chain, a ream (of paper)
all together, batch, one lump, one bundle,

一括いっかつ
summing up
一気いっき drink!(said repeatedly as a party cheer)
一挙にいっきょに at a stroke, with a single swoop
all, everything, without exception, the whole,

一切いっさい
entirely, absolutely
一心いっしん one mind, wholeheartedness, the whole heart
いっそ rather, sooner, might as well
一帯いったい a region, a zone, the whole place
一敗いっぱい one defeat
11
一変いっぺん complete change, about-face
何時いつ when, how soon
sometime, someday, one day, some time or

何時かいつか
other, the other day, in due course, in time
(at) any time, always, at all times, never (neg),

何時でもいつでも
whenever
何時の間にかいつのまにか before one knows, unnoticed, unawares
forever, for good, eternally, as long as one

何時までもいつまでも
likes, indefinitely
always, usually, every time, never (with neg.

何時もいつも
verb)
意図いと intention, aim, design
to carry on (e.g. in ceremony), to run a

営むいとなむ
business
暇いとま free time, leisure, leave, spare time, farewell
異動いどう a change
挑むいどむ to challenge, to contend for, to make love to
稲光いなびかり (flash of) lightning
古いにしえ antiquity, ancient times
祈りいのり prayer, supplication
鼾いびき snoring
今更いまさら now, at this late hour
未だいまだ as yet, hitherto, not yet (neg)
12
移民いみん emigration, immigration, emigrant, immigrant
unwillingly, grudgingly, shaking head in refusal

厭々いやいや
(to children)
greedy, vulgar, shabby, humble, base, mean,

卑しいいやしい
vile
いやに awfully, terribly
厭やらしいいやらしい detestable, disagreeable
more and more, all the more, increasingly, at

愈々いよいよ
last, beyond doubt
意欲いよく will, desire, ambition
苛々いらいら getting nervous, irritation
入口いりくち entrance, gate, approach, mouth
衣料いりょう clothing
威力いりょく power, might, authority, influence
to get in, to go in, to come in, to flow into, to

入るいる
set, to set in
衣類いるい clothes, clothing, garments
色々いろいろ various
異論いろん different opinion, objection
所謂いわゆる the so-called, so to speak
印いん seal, stamp, mark, print
員いん member
印鑑いんかん stamp, seal
13
陰気いんき gloom, melancholy
隠居いんきょ retirement, retired person
high and low, up and down, unloading and

上下うえした
loading, praising and blaming
浮かぶうかぶ to float, to rise to surface, to come to mind
受かるうかる to pass (examination)
含嗽うがい gargle, rinse mouth
受け入れうけいれ receiving, acceptance
受け入れるうけいれる to accept, to receive
受け継ぐうけつぐ to inherit, to succeed, to take over
受け付けるうけつける to be accepted, to receive (an application)
受け止めるうけとめる to catch, to stop the blow, to react to, to take
受け取りうけとり receipt
受身うけみ passive, passive voice
movement, activity, trend, development,

動きうごき
change
潮うしお tide
氏うじ family name
渦うず swirl
to be buried, to be surrounded, to overflow, to

埋まるうずまる
be filled
liar (sometimes said with not much

嘘つきうそつき
seriousness), fibber
14
business meeting, previous arrangement,

打ち合わせうちあわせ
appointment
打ち合わせるうちあわせる to knock together, to arrange
打ち切るうちきる to stop, to abort, to discontinue, to close
打ち消しうちけし negation, denial, negative
to drive in (e.g. nail stake), to devote oneself

打ち込むうちこむ to, to shoot into, to smash, to throw into, to
cast int
団扇うちわ fan
内訳うちわけ the items, breakdown, classification
訴えうったえ lawsuit, complaint
鬱陶しいうっとうしい gloomy, depressing
写しうつし copy, duplicate, facsimile, transcript
空ろうつろ blank, cavity, hollow, empty (space)
器うつわ bowl, vessel, container
雨天うてん rainy weather
腕前うでまえ ability, skill, facility
饂飩うどん noodles (Japanese)
to urge, to press, to suggest, to demand, to

促すうながす stimulate, to quicken, to incite, to invite
(attention to)
to groan, to moan, to roar, to howl, to growl, to

唸るうなる
hum, to buzz, to sough
自惚れうぬぼれ pretension, conceit, hubris
15
甘いうまい delicious
生まれつきうまれつき by nature, by birth, native
海路うみじ sea route
産むうむ to give birth, to deliver, to produce
埋め込むうめこむ to bury
梅干うめぼし dried plum
末うら top end, tip
裏返しうらがえし inside out, upside down
売り出しうりだし (bargain) sale
売り出すうりだす to put on sale, to market, to become popular
to be moist, to be damp, to get wet, to profit by,

潤ううるおう to be watered, to receive benefits, to favor, to
charm, t
五月蝿いうるさい noisy, loud, fussy
売れ行きうれゆき sales
浮気うわき flighty, fickle, wanton, unfaithful
1. upper part, upper stream, left side (of a

上手うわて stage), 2. skillful (only in comparisons),
dexterity (on
上回るうわまわる to exceed
植わるうわる to be planted
運営うんえい management, administration, operation
16
うんざり tedious, boring, being fed up with
運送うんそう shipping, marine transportation
運賃うんちん freight rates, shipping expenses, fare
云々うんぬん and so on, and so forth, comment
運搬うんぱん transport, carriage
運命うんめい fate
運輸うんゆ transportation
making use of, application, investment,

運用うんよう
practical use
会え understanding
重え -fold, -ply
えい ray (fish)
映写えいしゃ projection
英字えいじ English letter (character)
衛生えいせい health, hygiene, sanitation, medical
映像えいぞう reflection, image
英雄えいゆう hero, great man
液えき liquid, fluid
役えき war, campaign, battle
閲覧えつらん inspection, reading
獲物えもの game, spoils, trophy
17
襟えり neck, collar, lapel, neckband
chance, fate, destiny, relation, bonds,

縁えん
connection, karma
塩えん salt
艶えん charming, fascinating, voluptuous
園えん garden (esp. man-made)
円滑えんかつ harmony, smoothness
縁側えんがわ veranda, porch, balcony, open corridor
沿岸えんがん coast, shore
euphemistic, circumlocution, roundabout,

婉曲えんきょく
indirect, insinuating
演習えんしゅう practice, exercises, manoeuvers
演出えんしゅつ production (e.g. play), direction
to perform (a play), to play (a part), to act (a

演じるえんじる
part), to commit (a blunder)
演ずるえんずる to perform, to play
沿線えんせん along railway line
縁談えんだん marriage proposal, engagement
遠方えんぽう long way, distant place
perfection, harmony, peace, smoothness,

円満えんまん
completeness, satisfaction, integrity
尾お tail, ridge
於お at, in, on
18
甥おい nephew
追い込むおいこむ to herd, to corner, to drive
美味しいおいしい delicious, tasty
追い出すおいだす to expel, to drive out
於いておいて at, in, on
お出でになるおいでになる to be
老いるおいる to age, to grow old
負うおう to bear, to owe
応急おうきゅう emergency
黄金おうごん gold
黄色おうしょく yellow
応募おうぼ subscription, application
おおい hey!
大方おおかた perhaps, almost all, majority
大柄おおがら large build, large pattern
大げさおおげさ grandiose, exaggerated
大事おおごと important, valuable, serious matter
大ざっぱおおざっぱ rough (as in not precise), broad, sketchy
大筋おおすじ outline, summary
大空おおぞら heaven, firmament, the sky
19
大幅おおはば full width, large scale, drastic
大水おおみず flood
公おおやけ official, public, formal, open, governmental
お蔭おかげ (your) backing, assistance
お蔭様でおかげさまで Thanks to god, thanks to you
可笑しいおかしい strange, funny, amusing, ridiculous
犯すおかす to commit, to perpetrate, to violate, to rape
to invade, to raid, to trespass, to violate, to

侵すおかす
intrude on
お菜おかず side dish, accompaniment for rice dishes
臆病おくびょう cowardice, timidity
遅らすおくらす to retard, to delay
遅れおくれ delay, lag
起こすおこす to raise, to cause, to wake someone
行いおこない deed, conduct, behavior, action, asceticism
austere, majestic, dignified, stately, awful,

厳かおごそか
impressive
傲るおごる to be proud
長おさ chief, head
to stop, to restrain, to seize, to repress, to

押さえるおさえる
suppress, to press down
お先におさきに before, ahead, previously
20
to be obtained, to end, to settle into, to fit into,

収まるおさまる
to be settled, to be paid, to be delivered
to be obtained, to end, to settle into, to fit into,

納まるおさまる
to be settled, to be paid, to be delivered
to be at peace, to clamp down, to lessen

治まるおさまる
(storm terror anger)
お産おさん (giving) birth
教えおしえ teachings, precept, lesson, doctrine
押し込むおしこむ to push into, to crowd into
惜しむおしむ to be frugal, to value, to regret
chattering, talk, idle talk, chat, chitchat, gossip,

お喋りおしゃべり
chatty, talkative, chatterbox, blabbermouth
smartly dressed, someone smartly dressed,

お洒落おしゃれ
fashion-conscious
押し寄せるおしよせる to push aside, to advance on
お祖父さんおじいさん grandfather, male senior-citizen
お邪魔しますおじゃまします Excuse me for disturbing (interrupting) you
雄おす male (animal)
お世辞おせじ flattery, compliment
襲うおそう to attack
遅くともおそくとも at the latest
恐らくおそらく perhaps
恐れおそれ fear, horror
21
to be filled with awe, to feel small, to be

恐れ入るおそれいる amazed, to be surprised, to be disconcerted, to
be sorry, to b
お大事におだいじに Take care of yourself
煽てるおだてる to stir up, to instigate, to flatter
落ち込むおちこむ to fall into, to feel down (sad)
落ち着きおちつき calm, composure
fallen leaves, leaf litter, defoliation, shedding

落ち葉おちば
leaves
落ちるおちる to fail (e.g. exam), to fall down, to drop
おっかない frightening, huge
仰っしゃるおっしゃる to say, to speak, to tell, to talk
1. strange, quaint, stylish, chic, spicy, queer,

乙おつ witty, tasty, romantic, 2. 2nd in rank, second
sign of the
お使いおつかい errand
お手上げおてあげ all over, given in, given up hope, bring to knees
御手洗いおてあらい toilet, restroom, lavatory, bathroom (US)
弟おと younger brother
落とすおとす to drop, to lose, to let fall
訪れるおとずれる to visit
大人しいおとなしい obedient, docile, quiet
少女おとめ daughter, young lady, virgin, maiden, little girl
22
お供おとも attendant, companion
to become weak, to decline, to wear, to abate,

衰えるおとろえる
to decay, to wither, to waste away
おどおど coweringly, hesitantly
脅かすおどかす to threaten, to coerce
脅すおどす to threaten, to menace
驚きおどろき surprise, astonishment, wonder
同い年おないどし of the same age
女子おなご woman, girl
お願いしますおねがいします please
各おのおの each, every, either, respectively, severally
自ずからおのずから naturally, as a matter of course
お早うおはよう Good morning
お祖母さんおばあさん grandmother, female senior-citizen
怯えるおびえる to become frightened, to have a nightmare
夥しいおびただしい abundantly, innumerably
to wear, to carry, to be entrusted, to have, to

帯びるおびる
take on, to have a trace of, to be tinged with
覚えおぼえ memory, sense, experience
1. a discount, a prize, 2. something additional,

御負けおまけ
bonus, an extra, 3. an exaggeration
お巡りさんおまわりさん policeman (friendly term)
23
お宮おみや Shinto shrine
お襁褓おむつ diaper, nappy
(ateji) (int) (uk) Congratulations!, an auspicious

お目出度うおめでとう
occasion!
面おも face
思い付きおもいつき plan, idea, suggestion
面白いおもしろい interesting, amusing
玩具おもちゃ toy
重なるおもなる main, principal, important
meaning, tenor, gist, effect, appearance, taste,

趣おもむき
grace, charm, refinement
赴くおもむく to go, to proceed, to repair to, to become
重役おもやく heavy responsibilities, director
重んじるおもんじる to respect, to honor, to esteem, to prize
重んずるおもんずる to honor, to respect, to esteem, to prize
お休みおやすみ holiday, absence, rest, Good night
1. (uk) between meal snack, afternoon

お八おやつ
refreshment, afternoon tea, 2. mid-day snack
凡そおよそ about, roughly, as a rule, approximately
及びおよび and, as well as
to reach, to come up to, to amount to, to befall,

及ぶおよぶ
to happen to, to extend, to match, to equal
織おり weave, weaving, woven item
24
檻おり cage, pen, jail cell
折り返すおりかえす to turn up, to fold back
織物おりもの textile, fabric
織るおる to weave
俺おれ I (ego) (boastful first-person pronoun)
愚かおろか foolish, stupid
疎かおろそか neglect, negligence, carelessness
終わるおわる to finish, to close
tone color, tone quality, timbre, synthesizer

音色おんいろ
patch
温和おんわ gentle, mild, moderate
仮か tentative, provisional
科か department, section
個か article counter
下位かい low rank, subordinate, lower order (e.g. byte)
階かい -floor (counter), stories
改悪かいあく deterioration, changing for the worse
海運かいうん maritime, marine transportation
改革かいかく reform, reformation, innovation
貝殻かいがら shell
階級かいきゅう class, rank, grade
25
海峡かいきょう channel
会見かいけん interview, audience
介護かいご nursing
開催かいさい holding a meeting, open an exhibition
回収かいしゅう collection, recovery
改修かいしゅう repair, improvement
怪獣かいじゅう monster
解除かいじょ cancellation, rescinding, release, calling off
回送かいそう forwarding
階層かいそう class, level, stratum, hierarchy
開拓かいたく reclamation (of wasteland), cultivation, pioneer
会談かいだん conversation, conference, discussion, interview
改定かいてい reform
改訂かいてい revision
街道かいどう highway
介入かいにゅう intervention
開発かいはつ development, exploitation
海抜かいばつ height above sea level
介抱かいほう nursing, looking after
解剖かいぼう dissection, autopsy
26
回覧かいらん circulation
海流かいりゅう ocean current
改良かいりょう improvement, reform
回路かいろ circuit (electric)
顧みるかえりみる to look back, to turn around, to review
省みるかえりみる to reflect
返るかえる to return, to come back, to go back
(outward) looks, features, face, countenance,

顔付きかおつき
expression
to publish, to print, to carry (an article), to put

掲げるかかげる up, to hang out, to hoist, to fly (a sail), to float
(a
踵かかと (shoe) heel
係りかかり official, duty, person in charge
課外かがい extracurricular
書き取りかきとり dictation
書き取るかきとる to write down, to take dictation, to take notes
掻き回すかきまわす to stir up, to churn, to ransack, to disturb
欠くかく to lack, to break, to crack, to chip
角かく 1. angle, 2. bishop (shogi)
核かく nucleus, kernel
格かく status, character, case
27
佳句かく beautiful passage of literature
画かく stroke
格差かくさ qualitative difference, disparity
拡散かくさん scattering, diffusion
各種かくしゅ every kind, all sorts
隔週かくしゅう every other week
確信かくしん conviction, confidence
革新かくしん reform, innovation
確定かくてい definition (math), decision, settlement
獲得かくとく acquisition, possession
確保かくほ guarantee, ensure, maintain, insure, secure
革命かくめい revolution
確立かくりつ establishment
賭けかけ betting, gambling, a gamble
掛けかけ credit
駆け足かけあし running fast, double time
家計かけい household economy, family finances
駆けっこかけっこ (foot) race
駆けるかける to run (race esp. horse), to gallop, to canter
賭けるかける to wager, to bet, to risk, to stake, to gamble
28
ヶ月かげつ #NAME?
加工かこう manufacturing, processing, treatment
化合かごう chemical combination
to be bulky, to be unwieldy, to grow

嵩張るかさばる
voluminous
嵩むかさむ to pile up, to increase
風車かざぐるま 1. windmill, 2. pinwheel
畏まりましたかしこまりました certainly!
華奢かしゃ luxury, pomp, delicate, slender, gorgeous
箇所かしょ passage, place, point, part
火傷かしょう burn, scald
箇条書きかじょうがき itemized form, itemization
to chew, to bite (at), to gnaw, to nibble, to

噛るかじる
munch, to crunch, to have a smattering of
faint, dim, weak, indistinct, hazy, poor,

微かかすか
wretched
霞むかすむ to grow hazy, to be misty
to change into, to convert into, to transform, to

化するかする be reduced, to influence, to improve
(someone)
擦るかする to touch lightly, to take a percentage (from)
火星かせい Mars (planet)
化石かせき fossil, petrifaction, fossilization
29
河川かせん rivers
化繊かせん synthetic fibres
過疎かそ depopulation
過多かた excess, superabundance
難いかたい difficult, hard
片思いかたおもい unrequited love
敵かたき enemy, rival
気質かたぎ spirit, character, trait, temperament, disposition
片言かたこと a smattering, talk like a baby, speak haltingly
片付けかたづけ tidying up, finishing
to incline toward, to slant, to lurch, to heel over,

傾くかたぶく to be disposed to, to trend toward, to be prone
to, to
to incline, to list, to bend, to lean, to tip, to tilt,

傾けるかたむける to slant, to concentrate on, to ruin (a country),
to
固めるかためる to harden, to freeze, to fortify
to be one-sided, to incline, to be partial, to be

偏るかたよる
prejudiced, to lean, to be biased
傍らかたわら beside(s), while, nearby
課題かだい subject, theme, task
花壇かだん flower bed
家畜かちく domestic animals, livestock, cattle
30
画期かっき epoch-making
活発かっぱつ vigor, active
且つかつ yet, and
divide, cut, halve, separate, split, rip, break,

割かつ
crack, smash, dilute
嘗てかつて once, ever
日付かづけ date, dating
門かど gate
叶うかなう to come true (wish)
叶えるかなえる to grant (request wish)
金槌かなづち 1. (iron) hammer, 2. punishment
鉄棒かなぼう iron rod, crowbar, horizontal bar (gymnastics)
可成かなり considerably, fairly, quite
becoming a member, joining, entry, admission,

加入かにゅう
subscription, affiliation, adherence, signing
金庫かねぐら safe, vault, treasury, provider of funds
予言かねごと prediction, promise, prognostication
兼ねてかねて simultaneously
下番かばん going off duty
下品かひん inferior article
華美かび pomp, splendor, gaudiness
31
花粉かふん pollen
株式かぶしき stock (company)
to react to, to be influenced by, to go

気触れるかぶれる
overboard for
貨幣かへい money, currency, coinage
構えかまえ posture, pose, style
構えるかまえる to set up
加味かみ seasoning, flavoring
噛み切るかみきる to bite off, to gnaw through
過密かみつ crowded
瓶かめ earthenware pot
かも知れないかもしれない may, might, perhaps, may be, possibly
粥かゆ (rice) gruel
痒いかゆい itchy, itching
to ridicule, to tease, to banter with, to make fun

揶揄うからかう
of
身体からだ the body
体付きからだつき body build, figure
絡むからむ to entangle, to entwine
借りかり borrowing, debt, loan
下吏かり lower official
32
加留多かるた (pt:) (n) playing cards (pt: carta)
涸れるかれる to dry up, to run out
過労かろう overwork, strain
辛うじてかろうじて barely, narrowly, just manage to do st
側かわ side, row, surroundings, part, (watch) case
可愛いかわいい pretty, cute, lovely, charming, dear, darling, pet
可愛がるかわいがる to love, to be affectionate
可哀想かわいそう poor, pitiable, pathetic
可愛らしいかわいらしい lovely, sweet
to exchange (messages), to dodge, to parry, to

交わすかわす
avoid, to turn aside
to take the place of, to relieve, to be

代わるかわる substituted for, to be exchanged, to change
places with, to take
代わる代わるかわるがわる alternately
乾かん heaven, emperor
管かん pipe, tube
幹かん (tree) trunk
crown, diadem, first, best, peerless, cap,

冠かん naming, designating, initiating on coming of
age, top character ra
観かん look, appearance, spectacle
館かん house, hall, building, hotel, inn, guesthouse
33
簡易かんい simplicity, easiness, quasi-
感慨かんがい strong feelings, deep emotion
寒気かんき cold, frost, chill
簡潔かんけつ brevity, conciseness, simplicity
還元かんげん resolution, reduction, return to origins
刊行かんこう publication, issue
慣行かんこう customary practice, habit, traditional event
advice, counsel, remonstrance,

勧告かんこく
recommendation
看護かんご nursing, (army) nurse
漢語かんご Chinese word, Sino-Japanese word
換算かんさん conversion, change, exchange
監視かんし observation, guarding, inspection, surveillance
慣習かんしゅう usual (historical) custom
spectators, onlookers, members of the

観衆かんしゅう
audience
干渉かんしょう interference, intervention
感触かんしょく sense of touch, feeling, sensation
肝心かんじん essential, fundamental, crucial, vital, main
歓声かんせい cheer, shout of joy
感染かんせん infection, contagion
34
幹線かんせん main line, trunk line
関税かんぜい customs, duty, tariff
簡素かんそ simplicity, plain
観点かんてん point of view
感度かんど sensitivity, severity (quake)
幹部かんぶ management, (executive) staff, leaders
勘弁かんべん pardon, forgiveness, forbearance
完璧かんぺき perfection, completeness, flawless
deep feeling, inexpressible feeling, filled with

感無量かんむりょう
emotion
invitation, solicitation, canvassing, inducement,

勧誘かんゆう
persuasion, encouragement
participation, taking part in, participating in,

関与かんよ
being concerned in
慣用かんよう common, customary
寛容かんよう forbearance, tolerance, generosity
観覧かんらん viewing
官僚かんりょう bureaucrat, bureaucracy
慣例かんれい custom, precedent, of convention
還暦かんれき 60th birthday
貫禄かんろく presence, dignity
緩和かんわ relief, mitigation
35
蓋がい cover, lid, cap
街がい ~street, ~quarters
外貨がいか imported goods, foreign money
外観がいかん appearance, exterior, facade
外相がいしょう Foreign Minister
害するがいする to injure, to damage, to harm, to kill, to hinder
概説がいせつ general statement, outline
該当がいとう corresponding, answering to, coming under
街頭がいとう in the street
概念がいねん general idea, concept, notion
外来がいらい imported, outpatient clinic
概略がいりゃく outline, summary, gist, in brief
学芸がくげい arts and sciences, liberal arts
学士がくし university graduate
学説がくせつ theory
楽譜がくふ score (music)
学歴がくれき academic background
崖がけ cliff
雅致がち artistry, good taste, elegance, grace
がっくり heartbroken
36
合唱がっしょう chorus, singing in a chorus
がっしり firmly, solidly, tough
合致がっち agreement, concurrence, conforming to
がっちり solidly built, tightly, shrewd, calculating
月日がっぴ (the) date
combination, union, amalgamation,

合併がっぺい consolidation, merger, coalition, fusion,
annexation, affiliation, incorpor
がる feel
側がわ side, row, surroundings, part, (watch) case
癌がん cancer
眼科がんか ophthalmology
眼球がんきゅう eyeball
眼鏡がんきょう spectacles, glasses
頑固がんこ stubbornness, obstinacy
願書がんしょ written application or petition
頑丈がんじょう solid, firm, stout, burly, strong, sturdy
岩石がんせき rock
元年がんねん first year (of a specific reign)
贋物がんぶつ imitation, counterfeit, forgery, sham
originally, primarily, essentially, logically,

元来がんらい
naturally
37
生き pure, undiluted, raw, crude
期き period, time
企画きかく planning, project
規格きかく standard, norm
着飾るきかざる to dress up
器官きかん organ (of body), instrument
季刊きかん quarterly (e.g. magazine)
危害きがい injury, harm, danger
hesitance, diffidence, feeling constraint, fear of

気兼ねきがね troubling someone, having scruples about
doing someth
気軽きがる cheerful, buoyant, lighthearted
危機きき crisis
聞き取りききとり listening comprehension
効き目ききめ effect, virtue, efficacy, impression
帰京ききょう returning to Tokyo
基金ききん fund, foundation
棄権きけん abstain from voting, renunciation of a right
喜劇きげき comedy, funny show
起源きげん origin, beginning, rise
機構きこう mechanism, organization
38
既婚きこん marriage, married
記載きさい mention, entry
気障きざ affectation, conceit, snobbery
兆しきざし signs, omen, symptoms
兆きざし signs, omen, symptoms
軋むきしむ to jar, to creak, to grate
気象きしょう weather, climate
期日きじつ fixed date, settlement date
記述きじゅつ describing, descriptor
奇数きすう odd number
築くきずく to build, to pile up, to amass
傷付くきずつく to be hurt, to be wounded, to get injured
規制きせい regulation
汽船きせん steamship
寄贈きそう donation, presentation
貴族きぞく noble, aristocrat
鍛えるきたえる to forge, to drill, to temper, to train, to discipline
to come, to arrive, to be due to, to be next, to

来るきたる
be forthcoming
気立てきだて disposition, nature
きちっと exactly, perfectly
39
几帳面きちょうめん methodical, punctual, steady
chance, start, cue, excuse, motive, impetus,

切っ掛けきっかけ
occasion
きっかり exactly, precisely
喫茶きっさ tea drinking, tea house
きっちり precisely, tightly
1. (uk) surely, undoubtedly, certainly, without

屹度きっと
fail, 2. sternly, severely
きっぱり clearly, plainly, distinctly
規定きてい regulation, provisions
起点きてん starting point
軌道きどう orbit, railroad track
1st in rank, first sign of the Chinese calendar,

甲きのえ
shell, instep, grade A
気配きはい indication, market trend, worry
model, standard, pattern, norm, criterion,

規範きはん
example
気品きひん aroma
気風きふう character, traits, ethos
起伏きふく undulation
規模きぼ scale, scope, plan, structure
whim, caprice, whimsy, fickle, moody, uneven

気まぐれきまぐれ
temper
40
too serious, person who is too serious,

生真面目きまじめ
honesty, sincerity
期末きまつ end of term
決まり悪いきまりわるい feeling awkward, being ashamed
to be decided, to be settled, to look good in

決まるきまる
(clothes)
記名きめい signature, register
脚色きゃくしょく dramatization (e.g. film)
脚本きゃくほん scenario
客観きゃっかん objective
規約きやく agreement, rules, code
救援きゅうえん relief, rescue, reinforcement
休学きゅうがく temporary absence from school, suspension
究極きゅうきょく ultimate, final, eventual
narrow, tight, stiff, rigid, uneasy, formal,

窮屈きゅうくつ
constrained
球根きゅうこん (plant) bulb
救済きゅうさい relief, aid, rescue, salvation, help
給食きゅうしょく school lunch, providing a meal
給仕きゅうじ office boy (girl), page, waiter
休戦きゅうせん truce, armistice
旧知きゅうち old friend, old friendship
41
宮殿きゅうでん palace
窮乏きゅうぼう poverty
丘陵きゅうりょう hill
both, neither (neg), all, and, as well as,

共きょう
including, with, together with, plural ending
供きょう offer, present, submit, serve (a meal), supply
驚異きょうい wonder, miracle
教員きょういん teaching staff
教科きょうか subject, curriculum
協会きょうかい association, society, organization
共感きょうかん sympathy, response
共学きょうがく coeducation
conference, consultation, discussion,

協議きょうぎ
negotiation
教訓きょうくん lesson, precept, moral instruction
境遇きょうぐう environment, circumstances
強行きょうこう forcing, enforcement
firm, vigorous, unbending, unyielding, strong,

強硬きょうこう
stubborn
凶作きょうさく bad harvest, poor crop
共産きょうさん communism
教材きょうざい teaching materials
42
教習きょうしゅう training, instruction
郷愁きょうしゅう nostalgia, homesickness
教職きょうしょく teaching certificate, the teaching profession
享受きょうじゅ reception, acceptance, enjoyment, being given
興じるきょうじる to amuse oneself, to make merry
強制きょうせい obligation, coercion, compulsion, enforcement
共存きょうそん coexistence
姉妹きょうだい sisters
co-operation, conciliation, harmony, firm

協調きょうちょう
(market) tone
協定きょうてい arrangement, pact, agreement
脅迫きょうはく threat, menace, coercion, terrorism
共鳴きょうめい resonance, sympathy
郷里きょうり birth-place, home town
強烈きょうれつ strong, intense, severe
共和きょうわ republicanism, cooperation
曲きょく tune, piece of music
局限きょくげん limit, localize
極端きょくたん extreme, extremity
居住きょじゅう residence
拒絶きょぜつ refusal, rejection
43
拒否きょひ denial, veto, rejection, refusal
許容きょよう permission, pardon
距離きょり distance, range
寄与きよ contribution, service
清らかきよらか clean, pure, chaste
気楽きらく at ease, comfortable
煌びやかきらびやか gorgeous, gaudy, dazzling, gay
limits, end, bounds, period, place to leave off,

切りきり
closing sentence, all there is, only, since
桐きり paulownia tree
to change, to exchange, to convert, to renew,

切り替えるきりかえる
to throw a switch, to replace, to switch over
気流きりゅう atmospheric current
奇麗きれい pretty, clean, nice, tidy, beautiful, fair
break, pause, gap, end, rift, interruption, cut,

切れ目きれめ
section, notch, incision, end (of a task)
際きわ edge, brink, verge, side
木綿きわた cotton
極めてきわめて exceedingly, extremely
僅きん a little, small quantity
近眼きんがん nearsightedness, shortsightedness, myopia
緊急きんきゅう urgent, pressing, emergency
44
近々きんきん nearness, before long
近郊きんこう suburbs, outskirts
均衡きんこう equilibrium, balance
近視きんし shortsightedness
禁じるきんじる to prohibit
禁ずるきんずる to forbid, to suppress
勤勉きんべん industry, diligence
勤務きんむ service, duty, work
禁物きんもつ taboo, forbidden thing
勤労きんろう labor, exertion, diligent service
議案ぎあん legislative bill
戯曲ぎきょく play, drama
議決ぎけつ resolution, decision, vote
議事堂ぎじどう Diet building
犠牲ぎせい sacrifice
偽造ぎぞう forgery, falsification, fabrication, counterfeiting
議題ぎだい topic of discussion, agenda
技能ぎのう technical skill, ability, capacity
(sudden) change, reversal, turn-around,

逆転ぎゃくてん
coming from behind (baseball)
行ぎょう line, row, verse
45
業者ぎょうしゃ trader, merchant
行政ぎょうせい administration
achievement, performance, results, work,

業績ぎょうせき
contribution
業務ぎょうむ business, affairs, duties, work
玉ぎょく king (shogi)
漁船ぎょせん fishing boat
漁村ぎょそん fishing village
duty, sense of duty, honor, decency, courtesy,

義理ぎり
debt of gratitude, social obligation
疑惑ぎわく doubt, misgivings, distrust, suspicion
吟味ぎんみ testing, scrutiny, careful investigation
区く ward, district, section
to cross each other, to run counter to, to differ,

食い違うくいちがう
to clash, to go awry
空腹くうふく hunger
division, section, compartment, boundary,

区画くかく
area, block
区間くかん section (of track etc)
茎くき stalk
区切りくぎり an end, a stop, punctuation
1. to drive, to pass through, 2. to evade, to

潜るくぐる hide, 3. to dive (into or under water), to go
undergro
46
種々くさぐさ variety
嚏くしゃみ sneeze
旧事くじ past events, bygones
籤引くじびき lottery, drawn lot
擽ぐったいくすぐったい ticklish
草臥れるくたびれる to get tired, to wear out
下らないくだらない good-for-nothing, stupid, trivial, worthless
example, precedent, the usual, the said, the

件くだん
above-mentioned, (man) in question
口ずさむくちずさむ to hum something, to sing to oneself
嘴くちばし beak, bill
朽ちるくちる to rot
くっきり distinctly, clearly, boldly
屈折くっせつ bending, indentation, refraction
くっ付くくっつく to adhere to, to keep close to
くっ付けるくっつける to attach
to overturn, to upset, to overthrow, to

覆すくつがえす
undermine
諄いくどい verbose, importunate, heavy (taste)
国境くにざかい national or state border
首飾りくびかざり necklace
47
首輪くびわ necklace, choker
組み合わせくみあわせ combination
組み合わせるくみあわせる to join together, to combine, to join up
組み込むくみこむ to insert, to include, to cut in (printing)
warehouse, cellar, magazine, granary,

蔵くら
godown, depository, treasury, elevator
苦しめるくるしめる to torment, to harass, to inflict pain
to be engulfed in, to be enveloped by, to wrap

包むくるむ up, to tuck in, to pack, to do up, to cover with,
to dress i
呉れ呉れもくれぐれも repeatedly, sincerely, earnestly
to give, to let one have, to do for one, to be

呉れるくれる
given
玄人くろうと expert, professional, geisha, prostitute
黒字くろじ balance (figure) in the black
君主くんしゅ ruler, monarch
愚痴ぐち idle complaint, grumble
ぐっと firmly, fast, much, more
ぐらい approximately
群ぐん group (math)
軍艦ぐんかん warship, battleship
群集ぐんしゅう (social) group, crowd, throng, mob, multitude
軍事ぐんじ military affairs
48
軍備ぐんび armaments, military preparations
軍服ぐんぷく military or naval uniform
刑けい penalty, sentence, punishment
頃けい time, about, toward, approximately (time)
傾けい lean, incline
系けい system, lineage, group
経過けいか passage, expiration, progress
rhythmical (e.g. melody), casual (e.g. dress),

軽快けいかい
light, nimble
警戒けいかい warning, admonition, vigilance
計器けいき meter, gauge
契機けいき opportunity, chance
敬具けいぐ Sincerely yours
軽減けいげん abatement
掲載けいさい appearance (e.g. article in paper)
傾斜けいしゃ inclination, slant, slope, bevel, list, dip
形成けいせい formation
形勢けいせい condition, situation, prospects
軽率けいそつ rash, thoughtless, careless, hasty
携帯けいたい carrying something
形態けいたい form, shape, figure
49
刑罰けいばつ judgement, penalty, punishment
経費けいひ expenses, cost, outlay
警部けいぶ police inspector
軽蔑けいべつ scorn, disdain
経歴けいれき personal history, career
経路けいろ course, route, channel
汚すけがす to disgrace, to dishonour
汚らわしいけがらわしい filthy, unfair
汚れけがれ uncleanness, impurity, disgrace
汚れるけがれる to get dirty, to become dirty
獣けだもの beast, brute
stinginess, miser, miserliness, skinflint,

吝嗇けち
tightwad, niggard, pinching pennies
結核けっかく tuberculosis, tubercule
血管けっかん blood vessel
決行けっこう doing (with resolve), carrying out (i.e. a plan)
決算けっさん balance sheet, settlement of accounts
決勝けっしょう decision of a contest, finals (in sports)
結晶けっしょう crystal, crystallization
結成けっせい formation
結束けっそく union, unity
50
傑けつ excellence
決意けつい decision, determination
決議けつぎ resolution, vote, decision
結合けつごう combination, union
決断けつだん decision, determination
欠乏けつぼう want, shortage, famine
to kick away, to kick off, to kick (someone), to

蹴飛ばすけとばす
refuse, to reject
貶すけなす to speak ill of
煙たいけむたい smoky, feeling awkward
煙るけむる to smoke (e.g. fire)
家来けらい retainer, retinue, servant
けれど but, however
圏けん sphere, circle, range
権けん authority, the right (to do something)
権威けんい authority, power, influence
兼業けんぎょう side line, second business
権限けんげん power, authority, jurisdiction
健在けんざい in good health, well
懸賞けんしょう offering prizes, winning, reward
検事けんじ public prosecutor
51
健全けんぜん health, soundness, wholesome
見地けんち point of view
賢明けんめい wisdom, intelligence, prudence
倹約けんやく thrift, economy, frugality
multi-use, combined use, combination, serving

兼用けんよう
two purposes
権力けんりょく power, authority, influence
劇団げきだん troupe, theatrical company
激励げきれい encouragement
月謝げっしゃ monthly tuition fee
げっそり being disheartened, losing weight
月賦げっぷ monthly installment
下痢げり diarrhoea
原げん original, primitive, primary, fundamental, raw
原形げんけい original form, base form
現行げんこう present, current, in operation
原作げんさく original work
原子げんし atom
元首げんしゅ ruler, sovereign
原書げんしょ original document
減少げんしょう decrease, reduction, decline
52
現場げんじょう actual spot, scene, scene of the crime
元素げんそ chemical element
原則げんそく principle, general rule
現像げんぞう developing (film)
現地げんち actual place, local
限定げんてい limit, restriction
原点げんてん origin (coordinates), starting point
原典げんてん original (text)
減点げんてん subtract, give a demerit
原爆げんばく atomic bomb
原文げんぶん the text, original
厳密げんみつ strict, close
原油げんゆ crude oil
言論げんろん discussion
故こ the late (deceased)
戸こ counter for houses
児こ child, the young of animals
巨こ big, large, great
恋するこいする to fall in love with, to love
10^38, hundred undecillion (American),

溝こう
hundred sextillion (British)
53
校こう -school, proof
好意こうい good will, favor, courtesy
行為こうい act, deed, conduct
行員こういん bank clerk
交易こうえき trade, commerce
公演こうえん public performance
後悔こうかい regret, repentance
公開こうかい presenting to the public
航海こうかい sail, voyage
工学こうがく engineering
皇居こうきょ Imperial Palace
好況こうきょう prosperous conditions, healthy economy
抗議こうぎ protest, objection
鉱業こうぎょう mining industry
興業こうぎょう industrial enterprise
高原こうげん tableland, plateau
煌々とこうこうと brilliantly, brightly
考古学こうこがく archaeology
交互こうご mutual, reciprocal, alternate
工作こうさく work, construction, handicraft, maneuvering
54
耕作こうさく cultivation, farming
鉱山こうざん mine (ore)
講習こうしゅう short course, training
交渉こうしょう negotiations, discussions, connection
高尚こうしょう high, noble, refined, advanced
行進こうしん march, parade
香辛料こうしんりょう spices
口述こうじゅつ verbal statement
控除こうじょ subsidy, deduction
elevation, rise, improvement, advancement,

向上こうじょう
progress
降水こうすい rainfall, precipitation
洪水こうずい flood
公然こうぜん open (e.g. secret), public, official
抗争こうそう dispute, resistance
構想こうそう plan, plot, idea, conception
拘束こうそく restriction, restraint
後退こうたい retreat, backspace (BS)
brilliance, polish, lustre, glossy finish (of

光沢こうたく
photographs)
公団こうだん public corporation
55
favourable, promising, satisfactory, in good

好調こうちょう
shape
口頭こうとう oral
講読こうどく reading, translation
購読こうどく subscription (e.g. magazine)
購入こうにゅう purchase, buy
official recognition, authorization, licence,

公認こうにん
accreditation
光熱費こうねつひ cost of fuel and light
荒廃こうはい ruin
購買こうばい purchase, buy
好評こうひょう popularity, favorable reputation
交付こうふ delivering, furnishing (with copies)
降伏こうふく capitulation, surrender, submission
興奮こうふん excitement, stimulation, agitation, arousal
公募こうぼ public appeal, public contribution
巧妙こうみょう ingenious, skillful, clever, deft
government business, public use, public

公用こうよう
expense
小売こうり retail
効率こうりつ efficiency
公立こうりつ public (institution)
56
小柄こがら short (build)
小切手こぎって cheque, check
国産こくさん domestic products
国定こくてい state-sponsored, national
国土こくど realm
告白こくはく confession, acknowledgement
国防こくぼう national defence
国有こくゆう national ownership
国連こくれん U.N., United Nations
漕ぐこぐ to row, to scull, to pedal
焦げ茶こげちゃ black tea
個々ここ individual, one by one
箇箇ここ individual, separate
心地ここち feeling, sensation, mood
心得こころえ knowledge, information
心掛けこころがけ readiness, intention, aim
心掛けるこころがける to bear in mind, to aim to do
志こころざし will, intention, motive
to plan, to intend, to aspire to, to set aims

志すこころざす
(sights on)
心強いこころづよい heartening, reassuring
57
helpless, forlorn, hopeless, unpromising,

心細いこころぼそい
lonely, discouraging, disheartening
試みこころみ trial, experiment
試みるこころみる to try, to test
快いこころよい pleasant, agreeable
凝らすこごらす to freeze, to congeal
凝るこごる to congeal, to freeze
拵えるこしらえる to make, to manufacture
孤児こじ orphan
拗れるこじれる to get complicated, to grow worse
故人こじん the deceased, old friend
梢こずえ treetop
個性こせい individuality, personality, idiosyncrasy
戸籍こせき census, family register
小銭こぜに coins, small change
固体こたい solid (body)
答えこたえ answer, response
to bear, to stand, to endure, to put up with, to

堪えるこたえる support, to withstand, to resist, to brave, to be
fit for, t
table with heater, (orig) charcoal brazier in a

火燵こたつ
floor well
古代こだい ancient times
58
to fuss over, to be particular about, to be

こだわる
concerned about
誇張こちょう exaggeration
funny, humorous, comical, laughable,

滑稽こっけい
ridiculous, joking
国交こっこう diplomatic relations
骨董品こっとうひん curio
骨こつ knack, skill
固定こてい fixation
事柄ことがら matter, thing, affair, circumstance
悉くことごとく altogether, entirely
言伝ことづて declaration, hearsay
殊にことに especially, above all
事によるとことによると depending on the circumstances
孤独こどく isolation, loneliness, solitude
粉々こなごな in very small pieces
此のこの this
この間このあいだ the other day, lately, recently
この頃このごろ recently
好ましいこのましい nice, likeable, desirable
個別こべつ particular case
59
零すこぼす to spill
零れるこぼれる to overflow, to spill
細やかこまやか friendly
混むこむ to be crowded
込めるこめる to include, to put into
to seclude oneself, to be confined in, to be

篭るこもる
implied, to be stuffy
characteristic, tradition, peculiar, inherent,

固有こゆう
eigen-
雇用こよう employment (long term), hire
暦こよみ calendar, almanac

堪えるこらえる support, to withstand, to resist, to brave, to be
fit for, t
孤立こりつ isolation, helplessness
懲りるこりる to learn by experience, to be disgusted with
此れこれ this
此れ等これら these
魂こん soul, spirit
根気こんき patience, perseverance, energy
根拠こんきょ basis, foundation
混血こんけつ mixed race, mixed parentage
昆虫こんちゅう insect, bug
60
根底こんてい root, basis, foundation
混同こんどう confusion, mixing, merger
今日はこんにちは hello, good day (daytime greeting id)
今晩はこんばんは good evening
根本こんぽん origin, source, foundation, root, base, principle
御ご go-, honourable
語彙ごい vocabulary, glossary
濠ごう moat
Buddhist karma, actions committed in a former

業ごう
life
号ごう number, issue
合意ごうい agreement, consent, mutual understanding
合議ごうぎ consultation, conference
強気ごうぎ great, grand
synthesis, composition, synthetic, composite,

合成ごうせい
mixed, combined, compound
護衛ごえい guard, convoy, escort
語句ごく words, phrases
極楽ごくらく paradise
ご苦労様ごくろうさま Thank you very much for your....
語源ごげん word root, word derivation, etymology
61
誤差ごさ error
ご座いますございます to be (polite), to exist
ご馳走ごちそう feast, treating (someone)
ご馳走さまごちそうさま feast
毎ごと each respectively
碁盤ごばん Go board
ご無沙汰ごぶさた not writing or contacting for a while
誤魔化すごまかす to deceive, to falsify, to misrepresent
御免くださいごめんください May I come in?
御免なさいごめんなさい I beg your pardon, excuse me
御覧なさいごらんなさい (please) look, (please) try to do
佐さ help
再さい re-, again, repeated
差異さい difference, disparity
歳さい #NAME?
再会さいかい another meeting, meeting again, reunion
災害さいがい calamity, disaster, misfortune
細菌さいきん bacillus, bacterium, germ
細工さいく work, craftsmanship, tactics, trick
採掘さいくつ mining
62
採決さいけつ vote, roll call
再建さいけん rebuilding, reconstruction, rehabilitation
再現さいげん reappearance, reproduction, return, revival
採算さいさん profit
採集さいしゅう collecting, gathering
playback, regeneration, resuscitation, return to

再生さいせい life, rebirth, reincarnation, narrow escape,
reclamation, r
最善さいぜん the very best
採択さいたく adoption, selection, choice
再発さいはつ return, relapse, reoccurrence
栽培さいばい cultivation
細胞さいぼう cell (biology)
採用さいよう use, adopt
遮るさえぎる to interrupt, to intercept, to obstruct
囀るさえずる to sing, to chirp, to twitter
to be clear, to be serene, to be cold, to be

冴えるさえる
skillful
竿さお rod, pole (e.g. for drying laundry)
栄えるさかえる to prosper, to flourish
杯さかずき wine cups
逆立ちさかだち handstand, headstand
63
逆上るさかのぼる to go back, to go upstream, to make retroactive
盛るさかる to prosper, to flourish, to copulate (animals)
差額さがく balance, difference, margin
to hang down, to abate, to retire, to fall, to step

下がるさがる
back
一昨昨日さきおととい two days before yesterday
before, earlier than, ahead, beyond, away,

先にさきに
previously, recently
詐欺さぎ fraud, swindle
作さく a work, a harvest
策さく plan, policy
柵さく fence, paling
削減さくげん cut, reduction, curtailment
錯誤さくご mistake
作戦さくせん military or naval operations, tactics, strategy
作物さくぶつ literary work
叫びさけび shout, scream, outcry
裂けるさける to split, to tear, to burst
to lift up, to give, to offer, to consecrate, to

捧げるささげる
devote, to sacrifice, to dedicate
差し掛かるさしかかる to come near to, to approach
指図さしず instruction, mandate
64
差し出すさしだす to present, to submit, to tender, to hold out
差し支えるさしつかえる to interfere, to hinder, to become impeded
差し引くさしひく to deduct
些事さじ something small or petty, trifle
授けるさずける to grant, to award, to teach
嘸さぞ I am sure, certainly, no doubt
定まるさだまる to become settled, to be fixed
定めるさだめる to decide, to establish, to determine
錯覚さっかく optical illusion, hallucination
早急さっきゅう urgent
to guess, to sense, to presume, to judge, to

察するさっする
sympathize with
さっと quickly, suddenly
冊さつ counter for books
殺人さつじん murder
偖さて well, now, then
to attain enlightenment, to perceive, to

悟るさとる
understand, to discern
真実さな truth, reality
裁くさばく to judge
錆びさび rust (colour)
65
左程さほど (not) very, (not) much
様さま Mr. or Mrs., manner, kind, appearance
三味線さみせん three-stringed Japanese guitar, shamisen
侍さむらい Samurai, warrior
然もさも with gusto, with satisfaction
作用さよう action, operation, effect, function
左様ならさようなら good-bye
to carry off, to run away with, to kidnap, to

拐うさらう
abduct
fresh, refreshing, invigorating, clear, fluent,

爽やかさわやか
eloquent
to hinder, to interfere with, to affect, to do one

障るさわる
harm, to be harmful to
酸さん acid
さん Mr or Mrs
酸化さんか oxidation
山岳さんがく mountains
産休さんきゅう maternity leave
桟橋さんきょう wharf, bridge, jetty, pier
参議院さんぎいん House of Councillors
産後さんご postpartum, after childbirth
産出さんしゅつ yield, produce
66
参照さんしょう reference, consultation, consultation
参上さんじょう calling on, visiting
賛成さんせい approval, agreement, support, favour
賛美さんび praise, adoration, glorification
産婦人科さんふじんか maternity and gynecology department
産物さんぶつ product, result, fruit
山腹さんぷく hillside, mountainside
山脈さんみゃく mountain range
財ざい fortune, riches
財源ざいげん source of funds, resources, finances
在庫ざいこ stockpile, stock
財政ざいせい economy, financial affairs
座談会ざだんかい symposium, round-table discussion
雑貨ざっか miscellaneous goods, general goods, sundries
雑ざつ rough, crude
雑談ざつだん chatting, idle talk
雑木ざつぼく various kinds of small trees, assorted trees
座標ざひょう coordinate(s)
残金ざんきん remaining money
残酷ざんこく cruelty, harshness
67
残高ざんだか (bank) balance, remainder
死し death, decease
10^24 (kanji is JIS X 0212 kuten 4906),

し
septillion (American), quadrillion (British)
次し order, sequence, times, next, below
仕上がりしあがり finish, end, completion
仕上げしあげ end, finishing touches, being finished
仕上げるしあげる to finish up, to complete
明々後日しあさって two days after tomorrow
飼育しいく breeding, raising, rearing
強いてしいて by force
強いるしいる to force, to compel, to coerce
仕入れるしいれる to lay in stock, to replenish stock, to procure
しいんと silent (as the grave), (deathly) quiet
歯科しか dentistry
資格しかく qualifications, requirements, capabilities
視覚しかく sense of sight, vision
device, trick, mechanism, gadget, (small)

仕掛けしかけ scale, half finished, commencement, set up,
challenge
to commence, to lay (mines), to set (traps), to

仕掛けるしかける
wage (war), to challenge
然ししかし however, but
68
然しながらしかしながら nevertheless, however
而もしかも moreover, furthermore, nevertheless, and yet
市街しがい urban areas, the streets, town, city
指揮しき command, direction
色彩しきさい colour, hue, tints
ceremonial hall, place of ceremony (e.g.

式場しきじょう
marriage)
為来りしきたり customs
頻りにしきりに frequently, repeatedly, incessantly, eagerly
to partition, to divide, to mark off, to settle

仕切るしきる
accounts, to toe the mark
資金しきん funds, capital
施行しぎょう 1. execution, enforcing, carrying out
しくじる to fail, to fall through, to blunder
devising, plan, plot, contrivance, construction,

仕組みしくみ
arrangement
死刑しけい death penalty, capital punishment
湿気るしける to be damp, to be moist
思考しこう thought
志向しこう intention, aim
嗜好しこう taste, liking, preference
視察しさつ inspection, observation
69
資産しさん property, fortune, means, assets
刺繍ししゅう embroidery
支持しじ support, maintenance
指示しじ indication, instruction, directions
雫しずく drop (of water)
沈めるしずめる to sink, to submerge
institution, establishment, facility, (army)

施設しせつ
engineer
子息しそく son
慕うしたう to yearn for, to miss, to adore, to love dearly
従ってしたがって therefore, consequently, in accordance with
下心したごころ secret intention, motive
親しむしたしむ to be intimate with, to befriend
下調べしたしらべ preliminary investigation, preparation
groundwork, foundation, inclination, aptitude,

下地したじ elementary knowledge of, grounding in,
prearrangement, spade
認めるしたためる to write up
to tailor, to make, to prepare, to train, to send

仕立てるしたてる
(a messenger)
下取りしたどり trade in, part exchange
下火したび burning low, waning, declining
失格しっかく disqualification, elimination, incapacity (legal)
70
確りしっかり firmly, tightly, reliable, level-headed, steady
質素しっそ simplicity, modesty, frugality
失調しっちょう lack of harmony
嫉妬しっと jealousy
尻尾しっぽ tail (animal)
室しつ room
質疑しつぎ question
躾しつけ home discipline, training, upbringing, breeding
to be used to a job, to begin to do, to baste, to

仕付けるしつける
tack, to plant
指摘してき pointing out, identification
視点してん opinion, point of view, visual point
萎びるしなびる to wilt, to fade
嫋かしなやか supple, flexible, elastic
屎尿しにょう excreta, raw sewage, human waste, night soil
to outdo, to surpass, to endure, to keep out

凌ぐしのぐ (rain), to stave off, to tide over, to pull through,
to defy, t
始発しはつ first train
芝しば lawn, sod, turf
屡しばしば often, again and again, frequently
暫くしばらく little while
71
痺れるしびれる to become numb, to go to sleep (i.e. a limb)
1. tasteful (clothing), cool, an aura of refined

渋いしぶい masculinity, 2. astringent, sullen, bitter (taste),
3
私物しぶつ private property, personal effects
しぶとい tenacious, stubborn
司法しほう administration of justice
脂肪しぼう fat, grease, blubber
志望しぼう wish, desire, ambition
萎むしぼむ to wither, to fade (away), to shrivel, to wilt
仕舞しまい end, termination, informal (Noh play)
to finish, to close, to do something completely,

仕舞うしまう
to put away, to put an end to
しまった Damn it!
management, dealing, settlement, cleaning up

始末しまつ
afterwards
泌み泌みしみじみ keenly, deeply, heartily
染みるしみる to pierce, to permeate
使命しめい mission, errand, message
closing, cut-off, end, deadline, Closed, No

締め切りしめきり
Entrance
僕しもべ manservant, servant (of God)
社交しゃこう social life, social intercourse
72
謝絶しゃぜつ refusal
社宅しゃたく company owned house
吃逆しゃっくり hiccough, hiccup
喋るしゃべる to talk, to chat, to chatter
斜面しゃめん slope, slanting surface, bevel
洒落しゃらく frank, open-hearted
洒落るしゃれる to joke, to play on words, to dress stylishly
視野しや field of vision, outlook
種しゅ kind, variety, species
衆しゅう masses, great number, the people
circuit, lap, circumference, vicinity, Chou

周しゅう
(dynasty)
収益しゅうえき earnings, proceeds, returns
修学しゅうがく learning
周期しゅうき cycle, period
衆議院しゅうぎいん Lower House, House of Representatives
就業しゅうぎょう employment, starting work
pursuit of knowledge, studying, learning,

修行しゅうぎょう
training, ascetic practice, discipline
集計しゅうけい totalization, aggregate
襲撃しゅうげき attack, charge, raid
73
収支しゅうし income and expenditure
beginning and end, from beginning to end,

終始しゅうし
doing a thing from beginning to end
修士しゅうし Masters degree program
収集しゅうしゅう gathering up, collection, accumulation
ornamentation, embellishment, decoration,

修飾しゅうしょく adornment, polish up (writing), modification
(gram)
終日しゅうじつ all day
執着しゅうじゃく attachment, adhesion, tenacity
accommodation, reception, seating, housing,

収容しゅうよう
custody, admission, entering (in a dictionary)
修了しゅうりょう completion (of a course)
守衛しゅえい security guard, doorkeeper
主演しゅえん starring, playing the leading part
主観しゅかん subjectivity, subject, ego
祝賀しゅくが celebration, congratulations
宿命しゅくめい fate, destiny, predestination
主権しゅけん sovereignty, supremacy, dominion
手芸しゅげい handicrafts
主催しゅさい organization, sponsorship
取材しゅざい choice of subject, collecting data
趣旨しゅし object, meaning
74
主食しゅしょく staple food
protagonist, main character, hero(ine) (of a

主人公しゅじんこう
story), head of household
主体しゅたい subject, main constituent
主題しゅだい subject, theme, motif
出血しゅっけつ bleeding, haemorrhage
出産しゅっさん (child)birth, delivery, production (of goods)
出社しゅっしゃ arrival (in a country at work etc.)
出生しゅっしょう birth
出世しゅっせ promotion, successful career, eminence
出費しゅっぴ expenses, disbursements
出品しゅっぴん exhibit, display
出演しゅつえん performance, stage appearance
出題しゅつだい proposing a question
出動しゅつどう sailing, marching, going out
主導しゅどう main leadership
主任しゅにん person in charge, responsible official
首脳しゅのう head, brains
守備しゅび defense
手法しゅほう technique
私有しゆう private ownership
75
諸しょ various, many, several
to be burdened with, to carry on back or

背負うしょう
shoulder
象しょう phenomenon
症しょう illness
wound, injury, hurt, cut, gash, bruise, scratch,

傷しょう
scar, weak point
商しょう quotient
消去しょうきょ elimination, erasing, dying out, melting away
衝撃しょうげき shock, crash, impact, ballistic
証言しょうげん evidence, testimony
証拠しょうこ evidence, proof
消耗しょうこう exhaustion, consumption
照合しょうごう collation, comparison
詳細しょうさい detail, particulars
昇進しょうしん promotion
少数しょうすう minority, few
to pretend, to take the name of, to feign, to

称するしょうする
purport
消息しょうそく news, letter, circumstances
承諾しょうだく consent, acquiescence, agreement
象徴しょうちょう symbol
76
小児科しょうにか pediatrics
証人しょうにん witness
照明しょうめい illumination
勝利しょうり victory, triumph, conquest, success, win
奨励しょうれい encouragement, promotion, message, address
職員しょくいん staff member, personnel
植民地しょくみんち colony
職務しょくむ professional duties
諸君しょくん Gentlemen!, Ladies!
所在しょざい whereabouts
所々しょしょ here and there, some parts (of something)
所持しょじ possession, owning
所属しょぞく attached to, belong to
処置しょち treatment
しょっちゅう always, constantly
所定しょてい fixed, prescribed
所得しょとく income, earnings
初版しょはん first edition
処罰しょばつ punishment
書評しょひょう book review
77
処分しょぶん disposal, dealing, punishment
庶民しょみん masses, common people
庶務しょむ general affairs
私用しよう personal use, private business
way, method, resource, remedy, (technical)

仕様しよう
specification
使用人しようにん employee, servant
調べしらべ preparation, investigation, inspection
知り合いしりあい acquaintance
退くしりぞく to retreat, to recede, to withdraw
退けるしりぞける to repel, to drive away
記すしるす to note, to write down
指令しれい orders, instructions, directive
代しろ price, materials, substitution
皺しわ wrinkles, creases
新しん new
進化しんか evolution, progress
殿しんがり rear, rear unit guard
審議しんぎ deliberation
進行しんこう advance
新興しんこう rising, developing, emergent
78
振興しんこう promotion, encouragement
申告しんこく report, statement, filing a return, notification
新婚しんこん newly-wed
審査しんさ judging, inspection, examination, investigation
紳士しんし gentleman
進出しんしゅつ advance, step forward
信者しんじゃ believer, adherent, devotee, Christian
真珠しんじゅ pearl
心中しんじゅう double suicide, lovers suicide
心情しんじょう mentality
新人しんじん new face, newcomer
神聖しんせい holiness, sacredness, dignity
親善しんぜん friendship
真相しんそう truth, real situation
新築しんちく new building, new construction
進呈しんてい presentation
進展しんてん progress, development
神殿しんでん temple, sacred place
進度しんど progress
振動しんどう oscillation, vibration
79
新入生しんにゅうせい freshman, first-year student
信任しんにん trust, confidence, credence
審判しんばん refereeing, trial, judgement, umpire, referee
神秘しんぴ mystery
辛抱しんぼう patience, endurance
真理しんり truth
侵略しんりゃく aggression, invasion, raid
診療しんりょう medical examination and treatment, diagnosis
進路しんろ course, route
自覚じかく self-conscious
地方じかた area, locality, district, region, the coast
自我じが self, the ego
磁気じき magnetism
磁器じき porcelain, china
project, enterprise, business, industry,

事業じぎょう
operations
地形じぎょう terrain, geographical features, topography
軸じく axis, stem, shaft, axle
自己じこ self, oneself
事項じこう matter, item, facts
時刻表じこくひょう table, diagram, chart, timetable, schedule
80
地獄じごく hell
時差じさ time difference
自在じざい freely, at will
自主じしゅ independence, autonomy
自首じしゅ surrender, give oneself up
辞職じしょく resignation
自信じしん self-confidence
事前じぜん prior, beforehand, in advance
自尊心じそんしん self-respect, conceit
持続じぞく continuation
字体じたい type, font, lettering
辞退じたい refusal
じっくり deliberately, carefully
実質じっしつ substance, essence
実践じっせん practice, put into practice
実態じったい truth, fact
実費じっぴ actual expense, cost price
十分じっぷん 10 minutes
truth, reality, sincerity, fidelity, kindness, faith,

実じつ
substance, essence
実業家じつぎょうか industrialist, businessman
81
real condition, actual circumstances, actual

実情じつじょう
state of affairs
自転じてん rotation, spin
自動詞じどうし intransitive verb (no direct obj)
地主じぬし landlord
耳鼻科じびか otolaryngology
地元じもと local
弱じゃく weakness, the weak, little less then
若干じゃっかん some, few, number of
砂利じゃり gravel, ballast, pebbles
じゃん拳じゃんけん rock-scissors-paper game
住じゅう dwelling, living
従業員じゅうぎょういん employee, worker
従事じゅうじ engaging, pursuing, following
fullness, completion, perfection, substantiality,

充実じゅうじつ
enrichment
十字路じゅうじろ crossroads
絨毯じゅうたん carpet
柔軟じゅうなん flexible, lithe
duplication, repetition, overlapping,

重複じゅうふく
redundancy, restoration
重宝じゅうほう priceless treasure, convenience, usefulness
82
従来じゅうらい up to now, so far, traditional
塾じゅく coaching school, lessons
樹木じゅもく trees and shrubs, arbour
樹立じゅりつ establish, create
準急じゅんきゅう local express (train slower than an express)
準じるじゅんじる to follow, to conform, to apply to
to apply correspondingly, to correspond to, to

準ずるじゅんずる
be proportionate to, to conform to
助じょ help, rescue, assistant
情じょう feelings, emotion, passion
畳じょう #NAME?
尉じょう jailer, old man, rank, company officer
嬢じょう young woman
状じょう shape
superior (rank not class), higher order (e.g.

上位じょうい
byte), host computer (of connected device)
上演じょうえん performance (e.g. music)
城下じょうか land near the castle
乗客じょうかく passenger
上空じょうくう sky, the skies, high-altitude sky, upper air
上司じょうし superior authorities, boss
83
情緒じょうしょ emotion, feeling
上昇じょうしょう rising, ascending, climbing
情勢じょうせい state of things, condition, situation
情熱じょうねつ passion, enthusiasm, zeal
1. hero, gentleman, warrior, manly person, 2.

丈夫じょうふ
good health, robustness, strong, solid, durable
譲歩じょうほ concession, conciliation, compromise
条約じょうやく treaty, pact
上陸じょうりく landing, disembarkation
蒸留じょうりゅう distillation
除外じょがい exception, exclusion
助言じょげん advice, suggestion
徐行じょこう going slowly
女史じょし Ms.
助詞じょし particle, postposition
助動詞じょどうし auxiliary verb
自立じりつ independence, self-reliance
人じん man, person, people
人格じんかく personality, character, individuality
人材じんざい man of talent
迅速じんそく quick, fast, rapid, swift, prompt
84
人体じんたい human body
人民じんみん people, public
人目じんもく glimpse, public gaze
1. moisture, dampness, vapor, 2. dropsy,

水気すいき
edema
水源すいげん source of river, fountainhead
推進すいしん propulsion, driving force
水洗すいせん flushing
吹奏すいそう playing wind instruments
推測すいそく guess, conjecture
水田すいでん (water-filled) paddy field
reasoning, inference, mystery or detective

推理すいり
genre (movie novel etc.)
数詞すうし numeral
崇拝すうはい worship, adoration, admiration, cult
据え付けるすえつける to install, to equip, to mount
to set (table), to lay (foundation), to place

据えるすえる
(gun), to apply (moxa)
清々しいすがすがしい fresh, refreshing
過ぎすぎ past, after
救いすくい help, aid, relief
掬うすくう to scoop, to ladle out
85
少なくともすくなくとも at least
immediately, soon, easily, right (near), honest,

直ぐすぐ
upright
健やかすこやか vigorous, healthy, sound
濯ぐすすぐ to rinse, to wash out
進みすすみ progress
勧めすすめ recommendation, advice, encouragement
(trouser) cuff, (skirt) hem, cut edge of a hairdo,

裾すそ
foot of mountain
to go out of use, to become obsolete, to die

廃れるすたれる
out, to go out of fashion
酸っぱいすっぱい sour, acid
lovely, dreamy, beautiful, great, fantastic,

素敵すてき
superb, cool, capital
即ちすなわち that is, namely, i.e.
すばしこい nimble, smart, quick
素早いすばやい fast, quick, prompt, agile
to finish, to get it over with, to settle, to

済ますすます
conclude, to pay back
to clear, to make clear, to be unruffled, to look

澄ますすます unconcerned, to look demure, look prim, put on
airs
済まないすまない sorry (phrase)
済みませんすみません sorry, excuse me
86
天皇すめらぎ Emperor of Japan
刷りすり printing
剃るする to shave
擦れ違いすれちがい chance encounter
to pass by one another, to disagree, to miss

すれ違うすれちがう
each other
to rub, to chafe, to wear, to become

擦れるすれる
sophisticated
すんなり pass with no objection, slim, slender
図々しいずうずうしい impudent, shameless
decisively, decidedly, once and for all,

ずばり
unreservedly, frankly
ずぶ濡れずぶぬれ soaked, dripping wet
ずらっと in a line, in a row
sound or act of dragging, loose, inconclusive

ずるずる
but unwanted situation, trailingly
ずれ gap, slippage
ずれる to slide, to slip off
system, organization, imperial command, laws,

制せい regulation, control, government, suppression,
restraint, holdin
製せい -made, make
生育せいいく growth, development, breeding
成果せいか results, fruits
87
correct, right, correct interpretation (answer

正解せいかい
solution)
正規せいき regular, legal, formal, established, legitimate
正義せいぎ justice, right, righteousness, correct meaning
生計せいけい livelihood, living
政権せいけん administration, political power
精巧せいこう elaborate, delicate, exquisite
制裁せいさい restraint, sanctions, punishment
政策せいさく political measures, policy
清算せいさん liquidation, settlement
星座せいざ constellation
生死せいし life and death
静止せいし stillness, repose, standing still
青春せいしゅん youth, springtime of life, adolescent
聖書せいしょ Bible, scriptures
誠実せいじつ sincere, honest, faithful
成熟せいじゅく maturity, ripeness
清純せいじゅん purity, innocence
正常せいじょう normalcy, normality, normal
制するせいする to control, to command, to get the better of
整然せいぜん orderly, regular, well-organized, trim, accurate
88
盛装せいそう be dressed up, wear rich clothes
盛大せいだい grand, prosperous, magnificent
清濁せいだく good and evil, purity and impurity
制定せいてい enactment, establishment, creation
静的せいてき static
製鉄せいてつ iron manufacture
晴天せいてん fine weather
just, justifiable, right, due, proper, equitable,

正当せいとう
reasonable, legitimate, lawful
成年せいねん majority, adult age
制服せいふく uniform
征服せいふく conquest, subjugation, overcoming
製法せいほう manufacturing method, recipe, formula
精密せいみつ precise, exact, detailed, minute, close
声明せいめい declaration, statement, proclamation
姓名せいめい full name
制約せいやく limitation, restriction, condition, constraints
生理せいり physiology, menses
influence, power, might, strength, potency,

勢力せいりょく
force, energy
整列せいれつ stand in a row, form a line
89
急かすせかす to hurry, to urge on
伜せがれ son, my son
責務せきむ duty, obligation
世辞せじ flattery, compliment
世帯せたい household
世代せだい generation, the world, the age
切開せっかい clearing (land), opening up, cutting through
接触せっしょく touch, contact
設置せっち establishment, institution
折衷せっちゅう compromise, cross, blending, eclecticism
設定せってい establishment, creation
説得せっとく persuasion
節せつ node, section, occasion, time
compelling, serious, severe, acute, earnest,

切実せつじつ
pressing, urgent
接続詞せつぞくし conjunction
切ないせつない painful, trying, oppressive, suffocating
設立せつりつ establishment, foundation, institution
攻めせめ attack, offence
世論せろん public opinion
仙せん hermit, wizard
90
前せん before
繊維せんい fibre, fiber, textile
選挙せんきょ election
宣教せんきょう religious mission
宣言せんげん declaration, proclamation, announcement
先行せんこう preceding, going first
選考せんこう selection, screening
戦災せんさい war damage
専修せんしゅう specialization
戦術せんじゅつ tactics
潜水せんすい diving
先先月せんせんげつ month before last
先先週せんせんしゅう week before last
family predecessor, previous age, previous

先代せんだい
generation
先だってせんだって recently, the other day
先着せんちゃく first arrival
a priori, inborn, innate, inherent, congenital,

先天的せんてんてき
hereditary
戦闘せんとう battle, fight, combat
潜入せんにゅう infiltration, sneaking in
91
船舶せんぱく ship
専用せんよう exclusive use, personal use
occupation, capture, possession, have a room

占領せんりょう
to oneself
戦力せんりょく war potential
税務署ぜいむしょ tax office
是正ぜせい correction, revision
絶版ぜっぱん out of print
絶望ぜつぼう despair, hopelessness
by all means (with sense of not taking no for an

是非ともぜひとも
answer)
膳ぜん (small) table, tray, meal
禅ぜん Zen (Buddhism)
全快ぜんかい complete recovery of health
全盛ぜんせい height of prosperity
前提ぜんてい preamble, premise, reason, prerequisite
前途ぜんと future prospects, outlook, the journey ahead
全滅ぜんめつ annihilation
善良ぜんりょう goodness, excellence, virtue
前例ぜんれい precedent
僧そう monk, priest
92
沿うそう to run along, to follow
to accompany, to become married, to comply

添うそう
with
総そう whole, all, general, gross
相応そうおう suitability, fitness
総会そうかい general meeting
創刊そうかん launching (e.g. newspaper), first issue
送金そうきん remittance, sending money
走行そうこう running a wheeled vehicle (e.g. car), traveling
synthesis, coordination, putting together,

総合そうごう
integration, composite
search (esp. in criminal investigations),

捜査そうさ
investigation
search (esp. for someone or something

捜索そうさく
missing), investigation
然うしてそうして and, like that
装飾そうしょく ornament
操縦そうじゅう management, handling, control, manipulation
創造そうぞう creation
壮大そうだい magnificent, grand, majestic, splendid
騒動そうどう strife, riot, rebellion
遭難そうなん disaster, shipwreck, accident
相場そうば market price, speculation, estimation
93
装備そうび equipment
創立そうりつ establishment, founding, organization
to add to, to attach, to append, to accompany,

添えるそえる
to garnish, to imitate, to annex
即座にそくざに immediately, right away
promotion, acceleration, encouragement,

促進そくしん
facilitation, spurring on
to conform to, to agree with, to be adapted to,

即するそくする
to be based on
restraint, shackles, restriction, confinement,

束縛そくばく
binding
側面そくめん side, flank, sidelight, lateral
其処そこ that place, there
其処でそこで so (conj), accordingly, now, then, thereupon
to harm, to hurt, to injure, to damage, to fail in

損なうそこなう
doing
everywhere, somewhere, approximately, that

其処らそこら
area, around there
素材そざい raw materials, subject matter
obstruction, check, hindrance, prevention,

阻止そし
interdiction
然してそして and
訴訟そしょう litigation, lawsuit
育ちそだち breeding, growth
94
措置そち measure, step
其方そちら over there, the other
素っ気ないそっけない cold, short, curt, blunt
率直そっちょく frankness, candour, openheartedness
外方そっぽ look (or turn) the other way
備え付けるそなえつける to provide, to furnish, to equip, to install
to be furnished with, to be endowed with, to

備わるそなわる possess, to be among, to be one of, to be
possessed of
園その garden, park, plantation
その上そのうえ in addition, furthermore
eventually, sooner or later, of the previously

その内そのうち
mentioned
その為そのため hence, for that reason
その外そのほか besides, in addition, the rest
其の儘そのまま without change, as it is (i.e. now)
聳えるそびえる to rise, to tower, to soar
素朴そぼく simplicity, artlessness, naivete
染まるそまる to dye
to run counter to, to go against, to disobey, to

背くそむく
infringe
染めるそめる to dye, to colour
逸らすそらす to turn away, to avert
95
反りそり warp, curvature, curve, arch
其れそれ it, that
其れからそれから and then, after that
各々それぞれ each, every, either, respectively, severally
其れでそれで and (conj), thereupon, because of that
其れではそれでは in that situation, well then ...
but (still), and yet, nevertheless, even so,

其れでもそれでも
notwithstanding
其れ共それとも or, or else
其れにそれに besides, moreover
其れ程それほど to that degree, extent
其れ故それゆえ therefore, for that reason, so
揃いそろい set, suit, uniform
徐々そろそろ gradually, steadily, quietly, slowly, soon
損失そんしつ loss
存続そんぞく duration, continuance
沿いぞい along
像ぞう statue, image, figure, picture, portrait
増強ぞうきょう augment, reinforce, increase
蔵相ぞうしょう Minister of Finance
増進ぞうしん promoting, increase, advance
96
ぞんざい rude, careless, slovenly
ill will, malice, another intention, secret

他意たい purpose, ulterior motive, fickleness, double-
mindedness
interaction, correspondence, coping with,

対応たいおう
dealing with
退化たいか degeneration, retrogression
体格たいかく physique, constitution
大概たいがい in general, mainly
退学たいがく dropping out of school
大金たいきん great cost
待遇たいぐう treatment, reception
対決たいけつ confrontation, showdown
体験たいけん personal experience
対抗たいこう opposition, antagonism
対してたいして for, in regard to, per
大衆たいしゅう general public
対処たいしょ deal with, cope
退職たいしょく retirement (from office)
退治たいじ extermination
態勢たいせい attitude, conditions, preparations
対談たいだん talk, dialogue, conversation
97
対等たいとう equivalent
滞納たいのう non-payment, default
対比たいひ contrast, comparison
most (e.g. most part), greater, fairly, a good

大部たいぶ
deal, much
対辺たいへん (geometrical) opposite side
待望たいぼう expectant waiting
怠慢たいまん negligence, procrastination, carelessness
対面たいめん interview, meeting
対立たいりつ confrontation, opposition, antagonism
体力たいりょく physical strength
対話たいわ interactive, interaction, conversation, dialogue
耐えるたえる to bear, to endure
絶えるたえる to die out, to peter out, to become extinct

堪えるたえる support, to withstand, to resist, to brave, to be
fit for, t
quantity, amount, volume, number, amount of

高たか
money
高まるたかまる to rise, to swell, to be promoted
焚火たきび (open) fire
沢山たくさん many, a lot, much
逞しいたくましい burly, strong, sturdy
98
巧みたくみ skill, cleverness
類たぐい a kind
丈たけ height, stature, length, measure, all (one has)
足し算たしざん addition
多数決たすうけつ majority rule
助けたすけ assistance
携わるたずさわる to participate, to take part
漂うただよう to drift about, to float, to hang in air
館たち 1. mansion, small castle
立方たちかた dancing (geisha)
忽ちたちまち at once, in a moment, suddenly, all at once
立ち寄るたちよる to stop by, to drop in for a short visit
達者たっしゃ skillful, in good health
達成たっせい achievement
たった only, merely, but, no more than
precious, valuable, priceless, noble, exalted,

尊いたっとい
sacred
precious, valuable, priceless, noble, exalted,

貴いたっとい
sacred
尊ぶたっとぶ to value, to prize, to esteem
to sever, to cut off, to suppress, to abstain

絶つたつ
(from)
99
盾たて shield, buckler, escutcheon, pretext
face, official stance, public position or attitude

建前たてまえ
(as opposed to private thoughts)
奉るたてまつる to offer, to present, to revere, to do respectfully
例えたとえ example, even if, if, though, although
仮令たとえ example, even if, if, though, although
他動詞たどうし transitive verb (direct obj)
to grope along to, to struggle on to, to arrive

辿り着くたどりつく
somewhere after a struggle
辿るたどる to follow (road), to pursue (course), to follow up
掌たなごころ the palm
楽しむたのしむ to enjoy oneself
頼みたのみ request, favor, reliance, dependence
煙草たばこ (pt:) (n) (uk) tobacco (pt: tabaco), cigarettes
度々たびたび often, repeatedly, frequently
another side, different direction, (on) the other

他方たほう
hand
多忙たぼう busy, pressure of work
給うたまう to receive, to grant
偶にたまに occasionally, once in a while
堪らないたまらない intolerable, unbearable, unendurable
溜まりたまり collected things, gathering place, arrears
100
賜るたまわる to grant, to bestow
instance, example, case, precedent,

例ためし
experience, custom, usage, parallel, illustration
躊躇うためらう to hesitate
to keep, to preserve, to hold, to retain, to

保つたもつ maintain, to support, to sustain, to last, to
endure, to keep we
容易いたやすい easy, simple, light
多様たよう diversity, variety
弛みたるみ slack, slackening, dullness, letdown
弛むたるむ to slacken, to loosen, to relax
誰たれ adjectival suffix for a person
to hang, to droop, to drop, to lower, to pull

垂れるたれる down, to dangle, to sag, to drip, to ooze, to
trickle, to leave
歎たん grief, sigh, lamentation
反たん roll of cloth (c. 10 yds.), .245 acres, 300 tsubo
単一たんいつ single, simple, sole, individual, unitory
短歌たんか tanka, 31-syllable Japanese poem
担架たんか stretcher, litter
短気たんき quick temper
探検たんけん exploration, expedition
短縮たんしゅく shortening, abbreviation, reduction
101
箪笥たんす chest of drawers
炭素たんそ carbon (C)
短大たんだい junior college
単調たんちょう monotony, monotone, dullness
単独たんどく sole, independence, single, solo (flight)
短波たんぱ short wave
蛋白質たんぱくしつ protein
第だい ordinal
第一だいいち first, foremost, # 1
大胆だいたん bold, daring, audacious
台無しだいなし mess, spoiled, (come to) nothing
大便だいべん feces, excrement, shit
pay by proxy, act for another, speak for

代弁だいべん
another
台本だいほん libretto, scenario
代用だいよう substitution
打開だかい break in the deadlock
妥協だきょう compromise, giving in
丈だけ only, just, as
妥結だけつ agreement
打撃だげき 1. blow, shock, strike, damage, 2. batting
102
(baseball)
駄作ださく poor work, rubbish
脱出だっしゅつ escape
脱するだっする to escape from, to get out
脱退だったい secession
だぶだぶ loose, baggy
騙すだます to trick, to cheat, to deceive
implying (negatively) that something is full of

だらけ
e.g. mistakes
怠いだるい sluggish, feel heavy, languid, dull
壇だん 1. platform, podium, rostrum, 2. (arch) mandala
団結だんけつ unity, union, combination
断言だんげん declaration, affirmation
断然だんぜん firmly, absolutely, definitely
段々だんだん gradually, by degrees
旦那だんな master (of house), husband (informal)
断面だんめん cross section
弾力だんりょく elasticity, flexibility
治安ちあん public order
to approach, to get near, to get acquainted

近付くちかづく
with, to get closer
103
違えるちがえる to change
契るちぎる to pledge, to promise, to swear
畜産ちくさん animal husbandry
畜生ちくしょう beast, brute, damn
蓄積ちくせき accumulation, accumulate, store
知性ちせい intelligence
乳ちち milk, breast, loop
父母ちちはは father and mother, parents
縮まるちぢまる to be shortened, to be contracted, to shrink
窒息ちっそく suffocation
些ともちっとも not at all (neg. verb)
秩序ちつじょ order, regularity, system, method
知的ちてき intellectual
著ちゃく counter for suits of clothing, arriving at ..
着ちゃく counter for suits of clothing, arriving at ..
着手ちゃくしゅ embarkation, launch
着色ちゃくしょく colouring, coloring
着席ちゃくせき sit down, seat
着目ちゃくもく attention
着陸ちゃくりく landing, alighting, touch down
104
着工ちゃっこう start of (construction) work
茶の間ちゃのま living room (Japanese style)
茶の湯ちゃのゆ tea ceremony
ちやほや pamper, make a fuss of, spoil
昼間ちゅうかん daytime, during the day
宙返りちゅうがえり somersault, looping-the-loop
中継ちゅうけい relay, hook-up
忠告ちゅうこく advice, warning
中指ちゅうし middle finger
中傷ちゅうしょう slander, libel, defamation
忠実ちゅうじつ fidelity, faithfulness
centre, pivot, mainstay, nucleus, backbone,

中枢ちゅうすう
central figure, pillar, key man
抽選ちゅうせん lottery, raffle, drawing (of lots)
中断ちゅうだん interruption, suspension, break
中腹ちゅうっぱら irritated, offended
中毒ちゅうどく poisoning
仲人ちゅうにん go-between, matchmaker
昼飯ちゅうはん lunch, midday meal
中立ちゅうりつ neutrality
中和ちゅうわ neutralize, counteract
105
腸ちょう guts, bowels, intestines
蝶ちょう butterfly
超ちょう super-, ultra-, hyper-
庁ちょう government office
調印ちょういん signature, sign, sealing
聴覚ちょうかく the sense of hearing
長官ちょうかん chief, (government) secretary
聴講ちょうこう lecture attendance, auditing
徴収ちょうしゅう collection, levy
聴診器ちょうしんき stethoscope
挑戦ちょうせん challenge, defiance
長大ちょうだい very long, great length
調停ちょうてい arbitration, conciliation, mediation
恰度ちょうど just, right, exactly
長編ちょうへん long (e.g. novel film)
丁目ちょうめ district of a town, city block (of irregular size)
調理ちょうり cooking
調和ちょうわ harmony
ちょくちょく often, frequently, now and then, occasionally
直面ちょくめん confrontation
106
著書ちょしょ literary work, book
貯蓄ちょちく savings
直感ちょっかん intuition
(ateji) (adv int) (uk) just a minute, a short time,

一寸ちょっと a while, just a little, somewhat, easily, readily,
rath
著名ちょめい well-known, noted, celebrated
ちらっと at a glance, by accident
塵取りちりとり dustpan
治療ちりょう medical treatment
賃金ちんぎん wages
沈殿ちんでん precipitation, settlement
沈没ちんぼつ sinking, foundering
沈黙ちんもく silence, reticence
陳列ちんれつ exhibition, display, show
追及ついきゅう gaining on, carrying out, solving (crime)
追跡ついせき pursuit
次いでついで next, secondly, subsequently
追放ついほう exile, banishment
費やすついやす to spend, to devote, to waste
墜落ついらく falling, crashing
107
通つう connoisseur, counter for letters
痛感つうかん feeling keenly, fully realizing
通常つうじょう common, general, usually
痛切つうせつ keen, acute
杖つえ cane
遣いつかい mission, simple task, doing
使い道つかいみち use
仕えるつかえる to serve, to work for
司るつかさどる to rule, to govern, to administer
束の間つかのま moment, brief time, brief, transient
attached to, impression, sociality, appearance,

付きつき
furnished with, under, to
to associate with, to keep company with, to get

付き合うつきあう
on with
月並みつきなみ every month, common
to be used up, to be run out, to be exhausted,

尽きるつきる
to be consumed, to come to an end
継ぎ目つぎめ a joint, joining point
1. to breathe, 2. to tell (lies), 3. to vomit, to

吐くつく
disgorge
to exhaust, to run out, to serve (a person), to

尽くすつくす
befriend
作りつくり make-up, sliced raw fish
108
造りつくり make up, structure, physique
to make, to create, to manufacture, to draw up,

造るつくる to write, to compose, to build, to coin, to
cultivate, to org
to mend, to repair, to fix, to patch up, to darn,

繕うつくろう
to tidy up, to adjust, to trim
to join, to piece together, to set (bones), to

接ぐつぐ
graft (trees)
継ぐつぐ to succeed
付け加えるつけくわえる to add one thing to another
告げるつげる to inform
辻褄つじつま coherence, consistency
途中つちゅう on the way, en route
to support, to become stiff, to become taut, to

突っ張るつっぱる thrust (ones opponent), to stick to (ones
opinion), to in
筒つつ pipe, tube
銃つつ gun
1. to thrust, to strike, to attack, 2. to poke, to

突くつつく
nudge, to pick at
to be careful, to be chaste or discreet, to

慎むつつしむ
abstain or refrain
伝言つてごと verbal message, rumor, word
勤まるつとまる to be fit for, to be equal to, to function properly
勤め先つとめさき place of work
109
努めてつとめて make an effort!, work hard!
津波つなみ tsunami, tidal wave
抓るつねる to pinch
募るつのる to invite, to solicit help participation etc
唾つば saliva, sputum
呟くつぶやく to mutter, to murmur
瞑るつぶる to close the eyes
壷つぼ tsubo jar, pot, vase
蕾つぼみ bud, flower bud
躓くつまずく to stumble, to trip
摘むつまむ to pinch, to hold, to pick up
詰らないつまらない insignificant, boring, trifling
in short, in brief, in other words, that is to say,

詰まりつまり in the long run, after all, blockade, stuffing,
ultimate
積もりつもり intention, plan
露つゆ dew
強まるつよまる to get strong, to gain strength
強めるつよめる to strengthen, to emphasize
連なるつらなる to extend, to stretch out, to stand in a row
貫くつらぬく to go through
110
連ねるつらねる to link, to join, to put together
釣りつり fishing, angling
吊り革つりかわ strap
釣鐘つりがね hanging bell
吊るすつるす to hang
allowance, compensation, treatment, medical

手当ててあて
care
体てい appearance, air, condition, state, form
提供ていきょう offer, tender, program sponsoring, furnishing
定義ていぎ definition
提携ていけい cooperation, tie-up, joint business, link-up
decency, style, form, appearance, show, get-

体裁ていさい
up, format
梯子ていし ladder, stairs
定食ていしょく set meal, special (of the day)
提示ていじ presentation, exhibit, suggest, citation
訂正ていせい correction, revision
stagnation, tie-up, congestion, retention,

停滞ていたい
accumulation, falling into arrears
邸宅ていたく mansion, residence
定年ていねん retirement age
堤防ていぼう bank, weir
111
手遅れておくれ too late, belated treatment
手数てかず number of moves, trouble
contact, trail, scent, on hand, hand hold, clue,

手掛かりてがかり
key
to handle, to manage, to work with, to rear, to

手掛けるてがける
look after, to have experience with
手軽てがる easy, simple, informal, offhand, cheap
的てき -like, typical
適応てきおう adaptation, accommodation, conformity
適宜てきぎ suitability
適性てきせい aptitude
手際てぎわ performance, skill, tact
手順てじゅん process, procedure, protocol
手錠てじょう handcuffs, manacles
手近てぢか near, handy, familiar
てっきり surely, certainly, beyond doubt
鉄鋼てっこう iron and steel
to sink in, to penetrate, to devote oneself, to

徹するてっする believe in, to go through, to do intently and
exclusively
鉄片てっぺん iron scraps
手配てはい arrangement, search (by police)
手筈てはず arrangement, plan, programme
112
手引きてびき guidance, guide, introduction
手本てほん model, pattern
手回してまわし preparations, arrangements
手元てもと on hand, at hand, at home
照り返すてりかえす to reflect, to throw back light
手分けてわけ division of labour
店てん store, shop, establishment
点火てんか ignition, lighting, set fire to
転回てんかい revolution, rotation
転換てんかん convert, divert
転居てんきょ moving, changing residence
転勤てんきん transfer, transmission
点検てんけん inspection, examination, checking
転校てんこう change schools
天国てんごく paradise, heaven, Kingdom of Heaven
天才てんさい genius, prodigy, natural gift
天災てんさい natural calamity, disaster
展示てんじ exhibition, display
天井てんじょう ceiling, ceiling price
転じるてんじる to turn, to shift, to alter, to distract
113
点線てんせん dotted line, perforated line
天体てんたい heavenly body
rolling about, moving from place to place,

転転てんてん
being passed around repeatedly
てんで (not) at all, altogether, entirely
転任てんにん change of post
展望てんぼう view, outlook, prospect
転落てんらく fall, degradation, slump
to meet by chance, to come across, to happen

出合うであう to encounter, to hold a rendezvous, to have a
date
出入り口でいりぐち exit and entrance
でかい huge
able man, tumour, growth, boil, ulcer, abcess,

出来物できもの
rash, pimple
出切るできる to be out of, to have no more at hand
出くわすでくわす to happen to meet, to come across
irresponsible utterance, nonsense,

出鱈目でたらめ
nonsensical, random, haphazard, unsystematic
出直しでなおし adjustment, touch up
田園でんえん country, rural districts
電源でんげん source of electricity, power (button on TV etc.)
伝説でんせつ tradition, legend, folklore
114
電線でんせん electric line
transmission (e.g. news), communication,

伝達でんたつ
delivery
ancestral, hereditary, imported, transmitted,

伝来でんらい
handed down
1. if (conjunction), 2. promoted pawn (shogi)

と
(abbr)
問い合わせるといあわせる to enquire, to seek information
問屋といや wholesale store
to ask, to question, to charge (i.e. with a

問うとう
crime), to accuse, without regard to (neg)
棟とう place, section, building
等とう et cetera, etc., and the like
陶器とうき pottery, ceramics
等級とうきゅう grade, class
討議とうぎ debate, discussion
登校とうこう attendance (at school)
統合とうごう integration, unification, synthesis
倒産とうさん (corporate) bankruptcy, insolvency
投資とうし investment
統治とうじ rule, reign, government, governing
統制とうせい regulation, control
当選とうせん being elected, winning the prize
115
逃走とうそう flight, desertion, escape
統率とうそつ command, lead, generalship, leadership
到達とうたつ reaching, attaining, arrival
到底とうてい (cannot) possibly
clashing of swords, felling of trees, ringing of

丁々とうとう
an ax
投入とうにゅう throw, investment, making (an electrical circuit)
当人とうにん the one concerned, the said person
逃亡とうぼう escape
冬眠とうみん hibernation, winter sleep
登録とうろく registration, register, entry, record
討論とうろん debate, discussion
遠ざかるとおざかる to go far off
遠回りとおまわり detour, roundabout way
通りかかるとおりかかる to happen to pass by
anyhow, anyway, somehow or other, generally

兎角とかく speaking, in any case, this and that, many, be
apt to
to blame, to find fault, to take someone to task,

咎めるとがめる
to aggravate (an injury)
時折ときおり sometimes
跡切れるとぎれる to pause, to be interrupted
説くとく to explain, to advocate, to preach, to persuade
116
特技とくぎ special skill
特産とくさん specialty, special product
feature (e.g. newspaper), special edition,

特集とくしゅう
report
得点とくてん score, points made, marks obtained, runs
特派とくは send specially, special envoy
特有とくゆう characteristic (of), peculiar (to)
to sharpen, to grind, to scour, to hone, to

研ぐとぐ
polish, to wash (rice)
刺とげ thorn, splinter, spine, biting words
遂げるとげる to accomplish, to achieve, to carry out
床とこ bed, sickbed, alcove, padding
所がところが however, while, even if
所でところで by the way, even if, no matter what
age, marriageable age, age of puberty,

年頃としごろ
adolescence, for some years
年寄りとしより old people, the aged
戸締りとじまり closing up, fastening the doors
途上とじょう en route, half way
綴じるとじる to bind, to file
途絶えるとだえる to stop, to cease, to come to an end
特許とっきょ special permission, patent
117
疾っくにとっくに long ago, already, a long time ago
特権とっけん privilege, special right
咄嗟とっさ moment, instant
取っ手とって handle, grip, knob
突破とっぱ breaking through, breakthrough, penetration
突如とつじょ suddenly, all of a sudden
迚もとても very, awfully, exceedingly
to put in order, to get ready, to arrange, to

整えるととのえる
adjust
届けとどけ report, notification, registration
滞るとどこおる to stagnate, to be delayed
止まるとどまる to be limited to
留めるとどめる to stop, to cease, to put an end to
止めるとどめる to stop, to cease, to put an end to
唱えるとなえる to recite, to chant, to call upon
anyhow, at any rate, anyway, somehow or

兎に角とにかく
other, generally speaking, in any case
殿様とのさま feudal lord
幕とばり curtain, bunting, act (in play)
帳とばり curtain
扉とびら door, opening
118
徒歩とほ walking, going on foot
meagre, scarce, limited, destitute, hard up,

乏しいとぼしい
scanty, poor
富とみ wealth, fortune
富むとむ to be rich, to become rich
anyhow, anyway, somehow or other, generally

兎も角ともかく
speaking, in any case
working together, (husband and wife) earning a

共稼ぎともかせぎ
living together
灯ともしび light
to accompany, to bring with, to be

伴うともなう
accompanied by, to be involved in
共働きともばたらき dual income
捕らえるとらえる to seize, to grasp, to capture, to arrest
取りあえずとりあえず at once, first of all, for the time being
取り扱いとりあつかい treatment, service, handling, management
取り扱うとりあつかう to treat, to handle, to deal in
鳥居とりい torii (Shinto shrine archway)
取り替えとりかえ swap, exchange
to tackle, to wrestle with, to engage in a bout,

取り組むとりくむ
to come to grips with
取り締まりとりしまり control, management, supervision
取り締まるとりしまる to manage, to control, to supervise
119
取り調べるとりしらべる to investigate, to examine
取り立てるとりたてる to collect, to extort, to appoint, to promote
to act as an agent for, to announce (someone),

取り次ぐとりつぐ
to convey (a message)
取り除くとりのぞく to remove, to take away, to set apart
取り引きとりひき transactions, dealings, business
取り巻くとりまく to surround, to circle, to enclose
取り混ぜるとりまぜる to mix, to put together
取り戻すとりもどす to take back, to regain
取り寄せるとりよせる to order, to send away for
取り分とりわけ especially, above all
副とりわけ especially, above all
蕩けるとろける to be enchanted with
terrible, awful, serious, preposterous,

とんだ
absolutely not
胴どう trunk, body, frame
働どう work, labor
同どう the same, the said, ibid.
agreement, consent, same meaning, same

同意どうい
opinion, approval
動員どういん mobilization
agreement, same opinion, same feeling,

同感どうかん
sympathy, concurrence
120
動機どうき motive, incentive
同級どうきゅう the same grade, same class
同居どうきょ living together
動向どうこう trend, tendency, movement, attitude
同士どうし fellow, companion, comrade
同志どうし same mind, comrade, kindred soul
why?, for what reason, how, in what way, for

如何してどうして
what purpose, what for
by all means, at any cost, no matter what, after

如何してもどうしても
all, in the long run, cravingly, at any rate, surely
sympathy, compassion, sympathize, pity, feel

同情どうじょう
for
dojo, hall used for martial arts training,

道場どうじょう
mandala
何卒どうぞ please, kindly, by all means
どうぞ宜しくどうぞよろしく pleased to meet you
同調どうちょう sympathy, agree with, alignment, tuning
動的どうてき dynamic, kinetic
同等どうとう equality, equal, same rights, same rank
堂々どうどう magnificent, grand, impressive
どうにか in some way or other, one way or another
導入どうにゅう introduction, bringing in, leading in
同封どうふう enclosure (e.g. in a letter)
121
同盟どうめい alliance, union, league
どうやら it seems like, somehow or other
disturbance, unrest, shaking, trembling,

動揺どうよう pitching, rolling, oscillation, agitation,
excitement, commotion
動力どうりょく power, motive power, dynamic force
独裁どくさい dictatorship, despotism
読者どくしゃ reader
独自どくじ original, peculiar, characteristic
独占どくせん monopoly
独創どくそう originality
何処どこ where, what place
何処かどこか somewhere, anywhere, in some respects
土産どさん product of the land
土台どだい foundation, base, basis
何方どちら which, who
土手どて embankment, bank
何方どなた who?
怒鳴るどなる to shout, to yell
何のどの which, what
土俵どひょう arena
122
土木どぼく public works
何れどれ well, now, let me see, which (of three or more)
何々どれどれ which (emphatic)
度忘れどわすれ lapse of memory, forget for a moment
鈍感どんかん thickheadedness, stolidity
内閣ないかく cabinet, (government) ministry
乃至ないし from...to, between...and, or
内臓ないぞう internal organs, intestines, viscera
内部ないぶ interior, inside, internal
civil war, insurrection, rebellion, domestic

内乱ないらん
conflict
内陸ないりく inland
苗なえ rice seedling
furthermore, still, yet, more, still more, greater,

尚なお
further, less
尚更なおさら all the more, still less
中程なかほど middle, midway
流しながし sink
長々ながなが long, drawn-out, very long
殴るなぐる to strike, to hit
嘆くなげく to sigh, to lament, to grieve
123
to throw down, to abandon, to sacrifice, to

投げ出すなげだす
throw out
和やかなごやか mild, calm, gentle, quiet, harmonious
名残なごり remains, traces, memory
情けなさけ sympathy, compassion
情け深いなさけぶかい tender-hearted, compassionate
為さるなさる to do
詰るなじる to rebuke, to scold, to tell off
何故なぜ why, how
何故ならなぜなら because
名高いなだかい famous, celebrated, well-known
雪崩なだれ avalanche
懐くなつく to become emotionally attached
名付けるなづける to name (someone)
何気ないなにげない casual, unconcerned
何しろなにしろ at any rate, anyhow, anyway, in any case
何卒なにとぞ please
何もなにも nothing
何よりなにより most, best
七日なぬか seven days, the seventh day (of the month)
名札なふだ name plate, name tag
124
生臭いなまぐさい smelling of fish or blood, fish or meat
生温いなまぬるい lukewarm, halfhearted
生身なまみ living flesh, flesh and blood, the quick
鉛なまり lead (the metal)
to become less capable, to grow dull, to

鈍るなまる
become blunt, to weaken
並みなみ average, medium, common, ordinary
滑らかなめらか smoothness, glassiness
to lick, to taste, to experience, to make fun of,

嘗めるなめる to make light of, to put down, to treat with
contempt
悩ましいなやましい seductive, melancholy, languid
悩ますなやます to afflict, to torment, to harass, to molest
trouble(s), worry, distress, anguish, agony,

悩みなやみ
problem
平均ならし equilibrium, balance, average, mean
慣らすならす to accustom
馴らすならす to domesticate, to tame
並びにならびに and
to conclude, to consist of, to be practical

成り立つなりたつ
(logical feasible viable), to hold true
成る丈なるたけ as much as possible, if possible
成るべくなるべく as much as possible
125
慣れなれ practice, experience
馴れ馴れしいなれなれしい over-familiar
難なん difficulty, hardships, defect
南なん south
things like ..., or something like that .. (often

なんか
derogatory)
何だかなんだか a little, somewhat, somehow
なんだかんだ something or other
何てなんて how...!, what...!
何となんと what, how, whatever
何となくなんとなく somehow or other, for some reason or another
何ともなんとも nothing (with neg. verb), quite, not a bit
何なりなんなり any, anything, whatever
荷に load, baggage, cargo
似通うにかよう to resemble closely
面皰にきび pimple, acne
to prosper, to flourish, to do thriving business,

賑わうにぎわう
to be crowded with people
悪いにくい hateful, abominable, poor-looking
憎しみにくしみ hatred
肉親にくしん blood relationship, blood relative
126
肉体にくたい the body, the flesh
逃げ出すにげだす to run away, to escape from
西日にしび westering sun
滲むにじむ to run, to blur, to spread, to blot, to ooze
日夜にちや day and night, always
日当にっとう daily allowance
荷造りにづくり packing, baling, crating
to carry on shoulder, to bear (burden), to

担うになう
shoulder (gun)
二人ににん two persons, two people, pair, couple
にも拘らずにもかかわらず in spite of, nevertheless
入手にゅうしゅ obtaining, coming to hand
入賞にゅうしょう winning a prize or place (in a contest)
入浴にゅうよく bathe, bathing
尿にょう urine
sudden, abrupt, unexpected, improvised,

俄かにわか
offhand
認識にんしき recognition, cognizance
妊娠にんしん conception, pregnancy
humanity, empathy, kindness, sympathy,

人情にんじょう human nature, common sense, customs and
manners
任務にんむ duty, function, office, mission, task
127
appointment, nomination, ordination,

任命にんめい
commission, designation
抜かすぬかす to omit, to leave out
抜け出すぬけだす to slip out, to sneak away, to excel
盗みぬすみ stealing
沼ぬま swamp, bog, pond, lake
音ね sound, note
値打ちねうち value, worth, price, dignity
寝かせるねかせる to put to bed, to lay down, to ferment
捻子ねじ screw, helix, spiral
ねじ回しねじまわし screwdriver
捻じれるねじれる to twist, to wrench, to screw
鼠ねず 1. mouse, rat, 2. dark gray, slate color
妬むねたむ to be jealous, to be envious
強請るねだる to tease, to coax, to solicit, to demand
熱湯ねっとう boiling water
熱意ねつい zeal, enthusiasm
熱量ねつりょう temperature
粘りねばり stickyness, viscosity
to be sticky, to be adhesive, to persevere, to

粘るねばる
persist, to stick to
128
値引きねびき price reduction, discount
根回しねまわし making necessary arrangements
眠たいねむたい sleepy
練るねる to knead, to work over, to polish up
sense, idea, thought, feeling, desire, concern,

念ねん
attention, care
年鑑ねんかん yearbook
年号ねんごう name of an era, year number
燃焼ねんしょう burning, combustion
年生ねんせい pupil in .... year, student in .... year
年長ねんちょう seniority
燃料ねんりょう fuel
年輪ねんりん annual tree ring
脳のう brain, memory
農耕のうこう farming, agriculture
農場のうじょう farm (agriculture)
農地のうち agricultural land
納入のうにゅう payment, supply
逃すのがす to let loose, to set free, to let escape
逃れるのがれる to escape
軒並みのきなみ row of houses
129
鋸のこぎり saw
望ましいのぞましい desirable, hoped for
to look out on, to face, to deal with, to attend

臨むのぞむ
(function)
乗っ取るのっとる to capture, to occupy, to usurp
長閑のどか tranquil, calm, quiet
罵るののしる to speak ill of, to abuse
延べのべ futures, credit (buying), stretching, total
to gulp down, to swallow deeply, to

飲み込むのみこむ understand, to take in, to catch on to, to learn,
to digest
乗り換えのりかえ transfer (trains buses etc.)
to board, to embark on, to get into (a car), to

乗り込むのりこむ ship (passengers), to man (a ship), to help
(someone) int
刃は edge (of a sword)
派は clique, faction, school
把握はあく grasp, catch, understanding
肺はい lung
annullment, disposal, abandon, scrap,

廃棄はいき
discarding, repeal
配給はいきゅう distribution (eg. films rice)
配偶者はいぐうしゃ spouse, wife, husband
拝啓はいけい Dear (so and so)
130
背景はいけい background, scenery, setting, circumstance
背後はいご back, rear
灰皿はいさら ashtray
廃止はいし abolition, repeal
拝借はいしゃく borrowing
排除はいじょ exclusion, removal, rejection
排水はいすい drainage
敗戦はいせん defeat, losing a war
配置はいち arrangement (of resources), disposition
配布はいふ distribution
配分はいぶん distribution, allotment
配慮はいりょ consideration, concern, forethought
配列はいれつ arrangement, array (programming)
映えるはえる to shine, to look attractive, to look pretty
破壊はかい destruction
墓地はかち cemetery, graveyard
to make progress, to move right ahead (with

捗るはかどる
the work), to advance
fleeting, transient, short-lived, momentary,

果ないはかない
vain, fickle, miserable, empty, ephemeral
諮るはかる to consult with, to confer
131
to plot, to attempt, to plan, to take in, to

図るはかる
deceive, to devise, to design, to refer A to B
to tear off, to peel off, to rip off, to strip off, to

剥がすはがす skin, to flay, to disrobe, to deprive of, to
detach, t
破棄はき revocation, annulment, breaking (e.g. treaty)
泊はく counter for nights of a stay
迫害はくがい persecution
薄弱はくじゃく feebleness, weakness, weak
白状はくじょう confession
to tear off, to peel off, to rip off, to strip off, to

剥ぐはぐ
skin, to flay, to disrobe, to deprive of
派遣はけん dispatch, send
励ますはげます to encourage, to cheer, to raise (the voice)
to be zealous, to brace oneself, to endeavour,

励むはげむ
to strive, to make an effort
剥げるはげる to come off, to be worn off, to fade, to discolor
鋏はさみ scissors
柱はしら pillar, post
橋渡しはしわたし bridge building, mediation
恥はじ shame, embarrassment
弾くはじく to flip, to snap
始めはじめ beginning, start, origin
132
始めましてはじめまして How do you do?, I am glad to meet you
恥じらうはじらう to feel shy, to be bashful, to blush
恥じるはじる to feel ashamed
蓮はす lotus
筈はず it should be so
to spring, to bound, to bounce, to be

弾むはずむ stimulated, to be encouraged, to get lively, to
treat oneself to, to
破損はそん damage
機はた loom
果たしてはたして as was expected, really
果たすはたす to accomplish, to fulfill, to carry out, to achieve
裸足はだし barefoot
蜂蜜はちみつ honey
発掘はっくつ excavation, exhumation
outbreak, spring forth, occurrence, incidence,

発生はっせい
origin
発足はっそく starting, inauguration
初はつ first, new
発はつ departure, beginning, counter for gunshots
発育はついく (physical) growth, development
発芽はつが burgeoning
133
発言はつげん utterance, speech, proposal
発病はつびょう attack (disease)
初耳はつみみ something heard for the first time
果てはて the end, the extremity, the limit(s), the result
to end, to be finished, to be exhausted, to die,

果てるはてる
to perish
話し合いはなしあい discussion, conference
甚だはなはだ very, greatly, exceedingly
華々しいはなばなしい brilliant, magnificent, spectacular
花びらはなびら (flower) petal
華やかはなやか gay, showy, brilliant, gorgeous, florid
to keep someone from doing, to stop, to

阻むはばむ prevent, to check, to hinder, to obstruct, to
oppose, to thwart
浜はま beach, seashore
浜辺はまべ beach, foreshore
to get into, to go into, to fit, to be fit for, to suit,

填まるはまる
to fall into, to plunge into, to be deceived, to be
歯磨はみがき dentifrice, toothpaste
填めるはめる to get in, to insert, to put on, to make love
生やすはやす to grow, to cultivate, to wear beard
to hasten, to quicken, to expedite, to

早めるはやめる
precipitate, to accelerate
134
流行はやり fashionable, fad, in vogue, prevailing
腹立ちはらだち anger
原っぱはらっぱ open field, empty lot, plain
張り紙はりがみ paper patch, paper backing, poster
遥かはるか far, far-away, distant, remote, far off
破裂はれつ explosion, rupture, break off
to swell (from inflammation), to become

腫れるはれる
swollen
班はん group, party, section (mil)
判はん seal, stamp, monogram signature, judgment
版はん edition
繁栄はんえい prospering, prosperity, thriving, flourishing
反感はんかん antipathy, revolt, animosity
版画はんが art print
echo, reverberation, repercussion, reaction,

反響はんきょう
influence
判決はんけつ judicial decision, judgement, sentence, decree
反撃はんげき counterattack, counteroffensive, counterblow
反射はんしゃ reflection, reverberation
繁殖はんしょく breed, multiply, increase, propagation
繁盛はんじょう prosperity, flourishing, thriving
135
to be inconsistent with, to oppose, to

反するはんする
contradict, to transgress, to rebel
判定はんてい judgement, decision, award, verdict
反応はんのう reaction, response
remnant, fragment, incomplete set, fraction,

半端はんぱ
odd sum, incompleteness
反発はんぱつ repelling, rebound, recover, oppose
反乱はんらん insurrection, mutiny, rebellion, revolt, uprising
氾濫はんらん overflowing, flood
黴菌ばいきん bacteria, germ(s)
賠償ばいしょう reparations, indemnity, compensation
倍率ばいりつ diameter, magnification
馬鹿馬鹿しいばかばかしい stupid
馬鹿らしいばからしい absurd
漠然ばくぜん obscure, vague, equivocal
爆弾ばくだん bomb
爆破ばくは blast, explosion, blow up
暴露ばくろ disclosure, exposure, revelation
to appear in disguise, to take the form of, to

化けるばける
change for the worse
罰ばち (divine) punishment, curse, retribution
伐ばつ strike, attack, punish
136
ばてる to be exhausted, to be worn out
発条ばね spring (e.g. coil leaf)
散蒔くばらまく to disseminate, to scatter, to give money freely
判ばん size (of paper or books)
万ばん many, all
万人ばんじん all people, everybody, 10000 people
万能ばんのう all-purpose, almighty, omnipotent
番目ばんめ cardinal number suffix
非ひ faulty-, non-
費ひ cost, expense
延いてはひいては not only...but also, in addition to, consequently
控室ひかえしつ waiting room
to draw in, to hold back, to make notes, to be

控えるひかえる
temperate in
悲観ひかん pessimism, disappointment
匹ひき head, small animal counter, roll of cloth
引き上げるひきあげる to withdraw, to leave, to pull out, to retire
to lead, to spearhead (a group), to command

率いるひきいる
(troops)
to undertake, to take up, to take over, to be

引き受けるひきうける responsible for, to guarantee, to contract
(disease)
引き起こすひきおこす to cause
137
引き下げるひきさげる to pull down, to lower, to reduce, to withdraw
to seduce, to drag along, to pull, to prolong, to

引きずるひきずる
support
to take charge of, to take over, to retire to a

引き取るひきとる
private place
引き分けひきわけ a draw (in competition), tie game
否決ひけつ rejection, negation, voting down
非行ひこう delinquency, misconduct
日頃ひごろ normally, habitually
久しいひさしい long, long-continued, old (story)
久し振りひさしぶり after a long time
悲惨ひさん misery
秘書ひしょ (private) secretary
比重ひじゅう specific gravity
密かひそか secret, private, surreptitious
浸すひたす to soak, to dip, to drench
一向ひたすら earnestly
左利きひだりきき left-handedness, sake drinker, left-hander
引っ掻くひっかく to scratch
1. to hang (something) on (something), to

引っ掛けるひっかける throw on (clothes), 2. to hook, to catch, to trap,
to ensnar
必修ひっしゅう required (subject)
138
匹敵ひってき comparing with, match, rival, equal
eighth sign of Chinese zodiac (The Ram 1pm-

未ひつじ
3pm south-southwest June)
必然ひつぜん inevitable, necessary
一息ひといき puffy, a breath, a pause, an effort
単ひとえ one layer, single
personality, character, personal appearance,

人柄ひとがら
gentility
一頃ひところ once, some time ago
人質ひとじち hostage, prisoner
一筋ひとすき a line, earnestly, blindly, straightforwardly
一まずひとまず for the present, once, in outline
一人でにひとりでに by itself, automatically, naturally
cruel, awful, severe, very bad, serious, terrible,

酷いひどい
heavy, violent
日取りひどり fixed date, appointed day
雛ひな young bird, chick, doll
日向ひなた sunny place, in the sun
非難ひなん blame, attack, criticism
避難ひなん taking refuge, finding shelter
日の丸ひのまる the Japanese flag
火花ひばな spark
139
日々ひび every day, daily, day after day
悲鳴ひめい shriek, scream
百科事典ひゃっかじてん encyclopedia
百科辞典ひゃっかじてん encyclopedia
to banter, to make fun of, to jeer at, to cool, to

冷やかすひやかす
refrigerate
日焼けひやけ sunburn
票ひょう label, ballot, ticket, sign
標語ひょうご motto, slogan, catchword
ひょっと possibly, accidentally
平たいひらたい flat, even, level, simple, plain
比率ひりつ ratio, proportion, percentage
肥料ひりょう manure, fertilizer
比例ひれい proportion
疲労ひろう fatigue, weariness
広まるひろまる to spread, to be propagated
貧困ひんこん poverty, lack
品質ひんしつ quality
品種ひんしゅ brand, kind, description
貧弱ひんじゃく poor, meagre, insubstantial
頻繁ひんぱん frequency
140
美び beauty
微笑びしょう smile
美術びじゅつ art, fine arts
be surprised, be amazed, be frightened,

吃驚びっくり
astonishment
びっしょり wet through, drenched
描写びょうしゃ depiction, description, portrayal
びり last on the list, at the bottom
微量びりょう minuscule amount, extremely small quantity
sensibility, susceptibility, sensitive (to), well

敏感びんかん
attuned to
貧乏びんぼう poverty, destitute, poor
歩ふ pawn (in chess or shogi)
不意ふい sudden, abrupt, unexpected, unforeseen
封ふう seal
封鎖ふうさ blockade, freezing (funds)
風習ふうしゅう custom
1. manners, customs, 2. sex service, sex

風俗ふうぞく
industry
natural features, topography, climate, spiritual

風土ふうど
features
不可欠ふかけつ indispensable, essential
深めるふかめる to deepen, to heighten, to intensify
141
ominous, sinister, bad luck, ill omen,

不吉ふきつ
inauspiciousness
不況ふきょう recession, depression, slump
布巾ふきん tea-towel, dish cloth
福ふく good fortune
復旧ふくきゅう restoration, restitution, rehabilitation
複合ふくごう composite, complex
福祉ふくし welfare, well-being
覆面ふくめん mask, veil, disguise
to get cross, to get sulky, to swell (out), to

膨れるふくれる
expand, to be inflated, to distend, to bulge
business recession, hard times, depression,

不景気ふけいき
gloom, sullenness, cheerlessness
老けるふける to age
布告ふこく edict, ordinance, proclamation
富豪ふごう wealthy person, millionaire
負債ふさい debt, liabilities
相応しいふさわしい appropriate
不在ふざい absence
to romp, to gambol, to frolic, to joke, to make

不山戯るふざける
fun of, to flirt
負傷ふしょう injury, wound
不審ふしん incomplete understanding, doubt, question,
142
distrust, suspicion, strangeness, infidelity
不振ふしん dullness, depression, slump, stagnation
不順ふじゅん irregularity, unseasonableness
attached, belonging, affiliated, annexed,

付属ふぞく associated, subordinate, incidental, dependent,
auxiliary
負担ふたん burden, charge, responsibility
bad condition, not to work out (ie a deal),

不調ふちょう disagreement, break-off, disorder, slump, out
of form
復活ふっかつ revival (e.g. musical), restoration
復興ふっこう revival, renaissance, reconstruction
沸騰ふっとう boiling, seething
仏ふつ French
suddenly, casually, accidentally, incidentally,

不図ふと
unexpectedly, unintentionally
injustice, impropriety, unreasonableness,

不当ふとう
undeservedness, unfair, invalid
不動産ふどうさん real estate
赴任ふにん (proceeding to) new appointment
腐敗ふはい decay, depravity
不評ふひょう bad reputation, disgrace, unpopularity
不便ふびん pity, compassion
不服ふふく dissatisfaction, discontent, disapproval,
143
objection, complaint, protest, disagreement
普遍ふへん universality, ubiquity, omnipresence
踏まえるふまえる to be based on, to have origin in
文ふみ letter, writings
unknown, obscure, indistinct, uncertain,

不明ふめい ambiguous, ignorant, lack of wisdom,
anonymous, unidentified
扶養ふよう support, maintenance
振りふり pretence, show, appearance
振り出しふりだし outset, starting point, drawing or issuing (draft)
不良ふりょう badness, delinquent, inferiority, failure
浮力ふりょく buoyancy, floating power
震わせるふるわせる to be shaking, to be trembling
付録ふろく appendix, supplement
分ふん minute
憤慨ふんがい indignation, resentment
紛失ふんしつ losing something
噴出ふんしゅつ spewing, gushing, spouting, eruption, effusion
紛争ふんそう dispute, trouble, strife
ふんだん plentiful, abundant, lavish
奮闘ふんとう hard struggle, strenuous effort
144
粉末ふんまつ fine powder
department, part, category, counter for copies

部ぶ
of a newspaper or magazine
部下ぶか subordinate person
ぶかぶか too big, baggy
侮辱ぶじょく insult, contempt, slight
武装ぶそう arms, armament, armed
斑ぶち spots, speckles, mottles
物資ぶっし goods, materials
物体ぶったい body, object
物議ぶつぎ public discussion (criticism)
to knock, to run into, to nail on, to strike hard,

打付けるぶつける
to hit and attack
仏像ぶつぞう Buddhist image (statue)
無難ぶなん safety, security
class, group, category, department, field,

部門ぶもん
branch
ぶら下げるぶらさげる to hang, to suspend, to dangle, to swing
dangle heavily, swing, sway to and fro,

ぶらぶら aimlessly, idly, lazily, loiter, loaf, be idle, stroll
idly
武力ぶりょく armed might, military power, the sword, force
無礼ぶれい impolite, rude
145
文化財ぶんかざい cultural assets, cultural property
division of labor, specialization, assembly-line

分業ぶんぎょう
production
文語ぶんご written language, literary language
dispersion, decentralization, variance

分散ぶんさん
(statistics)
分子ぶんし numerator, molecule
document, writing, letter, note, records,

文書ぶんしょ
archives
分担ぶんたん apportionment, sharing
分配ぶんぱい division, sharing
分母ぶんぼ denominator
分離ぶんり separation, detachment, segregation, isolation
分裂ぶんれつ split, division, break up
兵器へいき arms, weapons, ordinance
閉口へいこう shut mouth
(going) side by side, concurrent, abreast, at the

平行へいこう same time, occurring together, parallel,
parallelism
閉鎖へいさ closing, closure, shutdown, lockout, unsociable
兵士へいし soldier
平常へいじょう normal, usual
平方へいほう square (e.g. metre), square
146
並列へいれつ arrangement, parallel, abreast
wince, shrink back, succumbing to, being

辟易へきえき
frightened, disconcerted
臍へそ navel, belly-button
隔たるへだたる to be distant
謙るへりくだる to deprecate oneself and praise the listener
経るへる to pass, to elapse, to experience
compilation, editing, completed poem, book,

編へん
part of book
side, left radical of a character, inclining,

偏へん
inclining toward, biased
change, reform, revolution, upheaval, (the)

変革へんかく
Reformation
返還へんかん return, restoration
偏見へんけん prejudice, narrow view
返済へんさい repayment
変遷へんせん change, transition, vicissitudes
返答へんとう reply
変動へんどう change, fluctuation
弁解べんかい explanation, justification, defence, excuse
convenience, accommodation, advantage,

便宜べんぎ
expedience
弁護べんご defense, pleading, advocacy
147
next word, compensation, reparation,

弁償べんしょう
indemnity, reimbursement
弁論べんろん discussion, debate, argument
ぺこぺこ fawn, be very hungry
穂ほ ear (of plant), head (of plant)
保育ほいく nursing, nurturing, rearing, lactation, suckling
倣ほう imitate, follow, emulate
法案ほうあん bill (law)
collapse, decay (physics), crumbling, breaking

崩壊ほうかい
down, caving in
法学ほうがく law, jurisprudence
abandonment, renunciation, abdication

放棄ほうき
(responsibility right)
treasured article or vessel, outstanding

宝器ほうき
individual
封建ほうけん feudalistic
豊作ほうさく abundant harvest, bumper crop
方策ほうさく plan, policy
奉仕ほうし attendance, service
方式ほうしき form, method, system
放射ほうしゃ radiation, emission
放射能ほうしゃのう radioactivity
報酬ほうしゅう remuneration, recompense, reward, toll
148
放出ほうしゅつ release, emit
報じるほうじる to inform, to report
報ずるほうずる to inform, to report
leave as is, leave to chance, leave alone,

放置ほうち
neglect
法廷ほうてい courtroom
報道ほうどう information, report
褒美ほうび reward, prize
to bury, to inter, to entomb, to consign to

葬るほうむる
oblivion, to shelve
放り込むほうりこむ to throw into
to throw out, to fire, to expel, to give up, to

放り出すほうりだす
abandon, to neglect
飽和ほうわ saturation
retaining warmth, keeping heat in, heat

保温ほおん
insulation
捕獲ほかく capture, seizure
保管ほかん charge, custody, safekeeping, deposit, storage
補給ほきゅう supply, supplying, replenishment
補強ほきょう compensation, reinforcement
保険ほけん insurance, guarantee
捕鯨ほげい whaling, whale fishing
誇るほこる to boast of, to be proud of
149
to come apart at the seams, to begin to open,

綻びるほころびる
to smile broadly
care, protection, shelter, guardianship, favor,

保護ほご
patronage
乾ほし dried, cured
干し物ほしもの dried washing (clothes)
保守ほしゅ conservative, maintaining
guarantee, security, assurance, pledge,

保障ほしょう
warranty
補償ほしょう compensation, reparation
supplementation, supplement, replenishment,

補充ほじゅう
replenishing
補助ほじょ assistance, support, aid, auxiliary
舗装ほそう pavement, road surface
補足ほそく supplement, complement
発作ほっさ fit, spasm
ほっと feel relieved
頬っぺたほっぺた cheek
辺りほとり (in the) neighbourhood, vicinity, nearby
殆どほとんど mostly, almost
解くほどく to unfasten
to donate, to give, to conduct, to apply, to

施すほどこす
perform
150
day care worker in a kindergarten nursery

保母ほぼ
school etc.
保養ほよう health preservation, recuperation, recreation
捕吏ほり constable
捕虜ほりょ prisoner (of war)
to be ruined, to go under, to perish, to be

滅びるほろびる
destroyed
滅ぼすほろぼす to destroy, to overthrow, to wreck, to ruin
本格ほんかく propriety, fundamental rules
本館ほんかん main building
本気ほんき seriousness, truth, sanctity
本質ほんしつ essence, true nature, reality
本体ほんたい substance, real form, object of worship
本音ほんね real intention, motive
本のほんの mere, only, just
本能ほんのう instinct
本場ほんば home, habitat, center, best place, genuine
本文ほんぶん text (of document), body (of letter)
本名ほんみょう real name
fourth sign of Chinese zodiac (The Hare 5am-

卯ぼう
7am east February)
防衛ぼうえい defense, protection, self-defense
151
防火ぼうか fire prevention, fire fighting, fire proof
disturbance, obstruction, hindrance, jamming,

妨害ぼうがい
interference
紡績ぼうせき spinning
dumbfounded, overcome with surprise, in

呆然ぼうぜん
blank amazement
膨脹ぼうちょう expansion, swelling, increase, growth
冒頭ぼうとう beginning, start, outset
暴動ぼうどう insurrection, rebellion, revolt, riot, uprising
暴風ぼうふう storm, windstorm, gale
暴力ぼうりょく violence
募金ぼきん fund-raising, collection of funds
牧師ぼくし pastor, minister, clergyman
母校ぼこう alma mater
没収ぼっしゅう forfeited
坊ちゃんぼっちゃん son (of others)
ぼつぼつ gradually, here and there, spots, pimples
没落ぼつらく ruin, fall, collapse
ぼやく to grumble, to complain
ぼやける to become dim, to become blurred
rag, scrap, tattered clothes, fault (esp. in a

藍褸ぼろ
pretense), defect, run-down or junky
152
枚まい counter for flat objects (e.g. sheets of paper)
埋蔵まいぞう buried property, treasure trove
舞うまう to dance, to flutter about, to revolve
真上まうえ just above, right overhead
前売りまえうり advance sale, booking
前置きまえおき preface, introduction
前もってまえもって in advance, beforehand, previously
任すまかす to entrust, to leave to a person
負かすまかす to defeat
賄うまかなう to give board to, to provide meals, to pay
曲がるまがる to turn, to bend
巻まき volume
紛らわしいまぎらわしい confusing, misleading, equivocal, ambiguous
紛れるまぎれる to be diverted, to slip into
膜まく membrane, film
verb suffix to indicate reckless abandon to the

捲るまくる
activity
真心まこころ sincerity, devotion
truth, faith, fidelity, sincerity, trust, confidence,

誠まこと
reliance, devotion
真にまことに truly, actually, really
153
まごつく to be confused, to be flustered
正しくまさしく surely, no doubt, evidently
正にまさに correctly, surely
勝るまさる to excel, to surpass, to outrival
extra, additional, less objectionable, better,

増しまし
preferable
真下ました right under, directly below
still more, still less (with neg. verb), to say

況してまして
nothing of, not to mention
交えるまじえる to mix, to converse with, to cross (swords)
to cross, to intersect, to associate with, to

交わるまじわる
mingle with, to interest, to join
麻酔ますい anaesthesia
益々ますます increasingly, more and more
unappetising, unpleasant (taste appearance

不味いまずい situation), ugly, unskilful, awkward, bungling,
unwise, untime
股また groin, crotch, thigh
跨がるまたがる to extend over or into, to straddle
跨ぐまたぐ to straddle
瞬きまたたき wink, twinkling (of stars), flicker (of light)
待ち合わせまちあわせ appointment
to make a mistake, to be incorrect, to be

間違うまちがう
mistaken
154
待ち遠しいまちどおしい looking forward to
待ち望むまちのぞむ to look anxiously for, to wait eagerly for
1. several, various, divergent, conflicting,

区々まちまち
different, diverse, 2. trivial
末期まっき closing years (period days), last stage
真っ二つまっぷたつ in two equal parts
的まと mark, target
纏まりまとまり conclusion, settlement, consistency
纏めまとめ settlement, conclusion
to escape from, to be rescued from, to avoid,

免れるまぬかれる to evade, to avert, to elude, to be exempted, to
be relieved
招きまねき invitation
麻痺まひ paralysis, palsy, numbness, stupor
眩しいまぶしい dazzling, radiant
目蓋まぶた eyelid
間々まま occasionally, frequently
間もなくまもなく soon, before long, in a short time
眉まゆ eyebrow
鞠まり ball
丸ごとまるごと in its entirety, whole, wholly
丸っきりまるっきり completely, perfectly, just as if
155
quite, entirely, completely, at all, as if, as

丸でまるで
though, so to speak
丸々まるまる completely
to make round, to round off, to roll up, to curl

丸めるまるめる
up, to seduce, to cajole, to explain away
満月まんげつ full moon
満場まんじょう unanimous, whole audience
真ん中まんなか middle, centre, mid-way
真ん前まんまえ right in front, under the nose
真ん丸いまんまるい perfectly circular
三み (num) three
見合いみあい formal marriage interview
to exchange glances, to postpone, to suspend

見合わせるみあわせる
operations, to refrain from performing an action
見落とすみおとす to overlook, to fail to notice
未開みかい savage land, backward region, uncivilized
味覚みかく taste, palate, sense of taste
見掛けるみかける to (happen to) see, to notice, to catch sight of
三日月みかずき new moon, crescent moon
見方みかた viewpoint
見苦しいみぐるしい unsightly, ugly
見込みみこみ hope, prospects, expectation
156
未婚みこん unmarried
惨めみじめ miserable
inexperience, unripeness, raw, unskilled,

未熟みじゅく
immature, inexperienced
微塵みじん particle, atom
見すぼらしいみすぼらしい shabby, seedy
見せびらかすみせびらかす to show off, to flaunt
見せ物みせもの show, exhibition
満たすみたす to satisfy, to ingratiate, to fill, to fulfill
乱すみだす to throw out of order, to disarrange, to disturb
to get confused, to be disordered, to be

乱れるみだれる
disturbed
未知みち not yet known
導くみちびく to be guided, to be shown
身近みぢか near oneself, close to one, familiar
密集みっしゅう crowd, close formation, dense
密接みっせつ related, connected, close, intimate
見っともないみっともない shameful, indecent
蜜みつ nectar, honey
密度みつど density
見積りみつもり estimation, quotation
157
未定みてい not yet fixed, undecided, pending
perspective, unobstructed view, outlook,

見通しみとおし
forecast, prospect, insight
源みなもと source, origin
身なりみなり personal appearance
峰みね peak, ridge
見逃すみのがす to miss, to overlook, to leave at large
見晴らしみはらし view
身振りみぶり gesture
enquiry, expression of sympathy, expression of

見舞みまい
concern
脈みゃく pulse
lingering affection, attachment, regret(s),

未練みれん
reluctance
to look out over, to survey (scene), to take an

見渡すみわたす
extensive view of
民主みんしゅ democratic, the head of the nation
民宿みんしゅく private home providing lodging for travelers
people, race, nation, racial customs, folk

民族みんぞく
customs
people, race, nation, racial customs, folk

民俗みんぞく
customs
六む (num) six
無意味むいみ nonsense, no meaning
158
向きむき direction, situation, exposure, aspect, suitability
無口むくち reticence
向けむけ for ~, oriented towards ~
婿むこ son-in-law
無効むこう invalid, no effect, unavailable
無言むごん silence
毟るむしる to pluck, to pick, to tear
無邪気むじゃき innocence, simple-mindedness
結びむすび ending, conclusion, union
結び付きむすびつき connection, relation
結び付くむすびつく to be connected or related, to join together
to combine, to join, to tie on, to attach with a

結び付けるむすびつける
knot
無線むせん wireless, radio
waste money on, squander money on, flog a

無駄遣いむだづかい
dead horse
無断むだん without permission, without notice
無知むち ignorance
absurd, unreasonable, excessive, rash,

無茶むちゃ
absurdity, nonsense
無茶苦茶むちゃくちゃ confused, jumbled, mixed up, unreasonable
vacant, futile, vain, void, empty, ineffective,

空しいむなしい
lifeless
159
無念むねん chagrin, regret
無能むのう inefficiency, incompetence
unreasonably, absurdly, recklessly,

無闇にむやみに
indiscreetly, at random
useless, futility, needlessness,

無用むよう
unnecessariness
群がるむらがる to swarm, to gather
無論むろん of course, naturally
名産めいさん noted product
名称めいしょう name
命中めいちゅう a hit
名簿めいぼ register of names
名誉めいよ honor, credit, prestige
明瞭めいりょう clarity
明朗めいろう bright, clear, cheerful
目方めかた weight
恵みめぐみ blessing
恵むめぐむ to bless, to show mercy to
目覚しいめざましい brilliant, splendid, striking, remarkable
目覚めるめざめる to wake up
to call, to send for, to put on, to wear, to take (a

召すめす bath), to ride in, to buy, to eat, to drink, to catch
(a
160
雌めす female (animal)
absurd, unreasonable, excessive, messed up,

滅茶苦茶めちゃくちゃ
spoiled, wreaked
目付きめつき look, expression of the eyes, eyes
滅亡めつぼう downfall, ruin, collapse, destruction
愛でたいめでたい auspicious
目眩めまい dizziness, giddiness
目盛めもり scale, gradations
面会めんかい interview
免除めんじょ exemption, exoneration, discharge
面するめんする to face on, to look out on to
face, honour, reputation, prestige, dignity,

面目めんぼく
credit
設けるもうける to create, to establish
申し入れるもうしいれる to propose, to suggest
application, entry, request, subscription, offer,

申し込みもうしこみ
proposal, overture, challenge
申出もうしで proposal, request, claim, report, notice
to report to, to tell, to suggest, to submit, to

申し出るもうしでる request, to make an offer, to come forward with
informati
申し分もうしぶん objection, shortcomings
盲点もうてん blind spot
161
猛烈もうれつ violent, vehement, rage
藻掻くもがく to struggle, to wriggle, to be impatient
目録もくろく catalogue, catalog, list
a plan, a scheme, a project, a program,

目論見もくろみ
intention, goal
模型もけい model, dummy, maquette
模索もさく groping (for)
若しもし if, in case, supposing
若しかしたらもしかしたら perhaps, maybe, by some chance
若しかしてもしかして perhaps, possibly
若しかするともしかすると perhaps, maybe, by some chance
若しくはもしくは or, otherwise
若しももしも if
齎らすもたらす to bring, to take, to bring about
to lean against, to lean on, to recline on, to lie

凭れるもたれる
heavy (on the stomach)
1. hold, charge, keep possession, in charge, 2.

持ちもち
wear, durability, life, draw, 3. usage (suff)
持ち切りもちきり hot topic, talk of the town
too good, more than one deserves, wasteful,

物体ないもったいない
sacrilegious, unworthy of
以てもって with, by, by means of, because, in view of
専らもっぱら wholly, solely, entirely
162
持て成すもてなす to entertain, to make welcome
持てるもてる to be well liked, to be popular
基もとい basis
物置きものおき storeroom
物好きものずき curiosity
物足りないものたりない unsatisfied, unsatisfactory
最早もはや already, now
exemplar, exemplification, exemplum, model,

模範もはん
example
模倣もほう imitation, copying
揉めるもめる to disagree, to dispute
腿もも thigh, femur
to hold (a meeting), to give (a dinner), to feel,

催すもよおす to show signs of, to develop symptoms of, to
feel (sick
漏らすもらす to let leak, to reveal
盛り上がるもりあがる to rouse, to swell, to rise
漏るもる to leak, to run out
to leak out, to escape, to come through, to

漏れるもれる
shine through, to filter out, to be omitted
脆いもろい brittle, fragile, tender-hearted
もろに completely, all the way
問もん problem, question
163
矢や arrow
哉や question mark
喧しいやかましい noisy, strict, fussy
野外やがい fields, outskirts, open air, suburbs
軈てやがて before long, soon, at length
夜行やぎょう walking around at night, night train, night travel
役職やくしょく post, managerial position, official position
役立つやくだつ to be useful, to be helpful, to serve the purpose
役場やくば town hall
夜具やぐ bedding
優やさ gentle, affectionate
屋敷やしき mansion
養うやしなう to rear, to maintain, to cultivate
社やしろ Shinto shrine
野心やしん ambition, aspiration, designs, treachery
易いやすい easy
安っぽいやすっぽい cheap-looking, tawdry, insignificant
休めるやすめる to rest, to suspend, to give relief
野生やせい wild
矢鱈にやたらに randomly, recklessly, blindly
164
夜中やちゅう all night, the whole night
奴やっこ servant, fellow
やっ付けるやっつける to beat
矢っ張りやっぱり also, as I thought, still, in spite of, absolutely
野党やとう opposition party
病やまい illness, disease
darkness, the dark, black-marketeering, dark,

闇やみ
shady, illegal
病むやむ to fall ill, to be ill
止むを得ないやむをえない cannot be helped, unavoidable
a little, partially, somewhat, a short time, a

稍やや
while
ややこしい puzzling, tangled, complicated, complex
遣り通すやりとおす to carry through, to achieve, to complete
やり遂げるやりとげる to accomplish
to do, to have sexual intercourse, to kill, to give

遣るやる
(to inferiors animals etc.), to dispatch (a letter
和らげるやわらげる to soften, to moderate, to relieve
優位ゆうい predominance, ascendancy, superiority
憂鬱ゆううつ depression, melancholy, dejection, gloom
有益ゆうえき beneficial, profitable
優越ゆうえつ supremacy, predominance, being superior to
165
勇敢ゆうかん bravery, heroism, gallantry
有機ゆうき organic
夕暮れゆうぐれ evening, (evening) twilight
融資ゆうし financing, loan
有するゆうする to own, to be endowed with
lending (money), accommodation, adaptability,

融通ゆうずう
versatility, finance
superiority, superior power, predominance,

優勢ゆうせい
preponderance
優先ゆうせん preference, priority
guidance, leading, induction, introduction,

誘導ゆうどう
incitement, inducement
優美ゆうび grace, refinement, elegance
有望ゆうぼう good prospects, full of hope, promising
遊牧ゆうぼく nomadism
夕焼けゆうやけ sunset
有力ゆうりょく 1. influence, prominence, 2. potent
幽霊ゆうれい ghost, specter, apparition, phantom
誘惑ゆうわく temptation, allurement, lure
揺さぶるゆさぶる to shake, to jolt, to rock, to swing
茹でるゆでる to boil
ゆとり reserve, affluence, room, time (to spare)
166
指差すゆびさす to point at
弓ゆみ bow (and arrow)
揺らぐゆらぐ to swing, to sway, to shake, to tremble
緩むゆるむ to become loose, to slacken
緩めるゆるめる to loosen, to slow down
緩やかゆるやか lenient
世よ world, society, age, generation
好いよい good
要因よういん primary factor, main cause
溶液ようえき solution (liquid)
用件ようけん business
養護ようご protection, nursing, protective care
用紙ようし blank form
様式ようしき style, form, pattern
要するようする to demand, to require, to take
要請ようせい claim, demand, request, application
養成ようせい training, development
様相ようそう aspect
用品ようひん articles, supplies, parts
洋風ようふう western style
167
用法ようほう directions, rules of use
要望ようぼう demand for, request
余暇よか leisure, leisure time, spare time
予感よかん presentiment, premonition
余興よきょう side show, entertainment
預金よきん deposit, bank account
抑圧よくあつ check, restraint, oppression, suppression
浴室よくしつ bathroom, bath
抑制よくせい suppression
欲深いよくふかい greedy
欲望よくぼう desire, appetite
寄こすよこす to send, to forward
横綱よこづな sumo grand champion
葦よし reed, bulrush
good or bad, merits or demerits, quality,

善し悪しよしあし
suitability
予想よそう expectation, anticipation, prediction, forecast
余所見よそみ looking away, looking aside
余地よち place, room, margin, scope
therefore, consequently, accordingly, because

依ってよって
of
168
余程よっぽど very, greatly, much, to a large extent, quite
government party, (ruling) party in power,

与党よとう
government
呼び止めるよびとめる to challenge, to call somebody to halt
staying up late, keeping late hours, sitting up

夜更かしよふかし
late at night, nighthawk
夜更けよふけ late at night
読み上げるよみあげる to read out loud (and clearly), to call a roll
to lean against, to recline on, to lean on, to rely

寄り掛かるよりかかる
on
well, properly, suitably, best regards, please

宜しくよろしく
remember me
to abate, to weaken, to be emaciated, to be

弱まるよわまる
dejected, to be perplexed
弱めるよわめる to weaken
to weaken, to be troubled, to be downcast, to

弱るよわる be emaciated, to be dejected, to be perplexed,
to impair
来場らいじょう attendance
酪農らくのう dairy (farm)
落下らっか fall, drop, come down
楽観らっかん optimism
abuse, misuse, misappropriation, using to

濫用らんよう
excess
理屈りくつ theory, reason
169
利根りこん intelligence
利子りし interest (bank)
利潤りじゅん profit, returns
理性りせい reason, sense
利息りそく interest (bank)
立体りったい solid body
立法りっぽう legislation, lawmaking
利点りてん advantage, point in favor
略語りゃくご abbreviation, acronym
略奪りゃくだつ pillage, plunder, looting, robbery
流りゅう styleof, method of, manner of
circulation of money or goods, flow of water or

流通りゅうつう
air, distribution
了りょう finish, completion, understanding
料りょう material, charge, rate, fee
領域りょういき area, domain, territory, field, region, regime
comprehension, consent, understanding, roger

了解りょうかい
(on the radio)
領海りょうかい territorial waters
both extremities, north and south poles,

両極りょうきょく
positive and negative poles
良好りょうこう favorable, satisfactory
170
良識りょうしき good sense
良質りょうしつ good quality, superior quality
acknowledgement, understanding (e.g. please

了承りょうしょう be understanding of the mess during our
renovation)
良心りょうしん conscience
領地りょうち territory, dominion
領土りょうど dominion, territory, possession
両立りょうりつ compatibility, coexistence, standing together
旅客りょかく passenger (transport)
旅券りょけん passport
履歴りれき personal history, background, career, log
理論りろん theory
輪りん counter for wheels and flowers
林業りんぎょう forestry
類似るいじ analogous
類推るいすい analogy
冷酷れいこく cruelty, coldheartedness, relentless, ruthless
冷蔵れいぞう cold storage, refrigeration
冷淡れいたん coolness, indifference
恋愛れんあい love, love-making, passion, emotion, affections
171
連休れんきゅう consecutive holidays
連日れんじつ every day, prolonged
連中れんじゅう colleagues, company, a lot
連帯れんたい solidarity
連邦れんぽう commonwealth, federation of states
連盟れんめい league, union, alliance
老衰ろうすい senility, senile decay
朗読ろうどく reading aloud, recitation
浪費ろうひ waste, extravagance
労力ろうりょく labour, effort, toil, trouble
碌なろくな satisfactory, decent
碌にろくに well, enough, sufficient
1. frank, blunt, plain, outspoken, 2.

露骨ろこつ
conspicuous, open, 3. broad, suggestive
論議ろんぎ discussion
論理ろんり logic
和わ sum, harmony, peace
selfishness, egoism, wilfulness, disobedience,

我がままわがまま
whim
枠わく frame, slide
惑星わくせい planet
172
技わざ art, technique
態とわざと on purpose
expressly, specially, doing something

態々わざわざ
especially rather than incidentally
煩わしいわずらわしい troublesome, annoying, complicated
渡り鳥わたりどり migratory bird, bird of passage
詫びわび apology
和風わふう Japanese style
和文わぶん Japanese text, sentence in Japanese
藁わら straw
割合にわりあいに comparatively
allotment, assignment, allocation, quota,

割り当てわりあて
rationing
to cut in, to thrust oneself into, to wedge

割り込むわりこむ oneself in, to muscle in on, to interrupt, to
disturb
割り算わりざん division (math)
割引きわりびき discount, reduction, rebate, tenths discounted
悪者わるもの bad fellow, rascal, ruffian, scoundrel
アイデア idea
アクセル accelerator
アップ up
アプローチ approach (in golf)
173
アマチュア amateur
アラブ Arab
アルカリ alkali
アルミ aluminum (Al), aluminium
アワー hour
アンケート (fr:) (n) questionnaire (fr: enquete), survey
アンコール encore
イエス Jesus, yes
インターチェンジ interchange
インターナショナル international
インターフォン intercom
インテリ egghead, intelligentsia
インフォメーション information
インフレ inflation
ウェートレス waitress
エアメール air mail
エレガント elegant
エンジニア engineer
オーケー OK
オートマチック automatic
174
オープン open
オリエンテーション orientation
オレンジ an orange
オンライン on-line
カーペット carpet
カクテル cocktail
カット cut, cutting
カテゴリー category
カムバック comeback
カメラマン cameraman
カルテ (de:) (n) clinical records (de: Karte)
カンニング cunning, cheat
ガイド tour guide
ガイドブック guidebook
ガレージ garage (at house)
キャッチ catch
キャリア career, career government employee
クイズ quiz
クラブ club, crab
クレーン crane
175
グラフ graph
グレー grey, gray
ゲスト guest
コーナー corner
コマーシャル a commercial
コミュニケーション communication
コメント comment
コンタクト contact, contact lens
コンテスト contest
コントラスト contrast
コントロール control
コンパス compass
サイクル cycle
サイズ size
to be truant, to be idle, to sabotage by

サボる
slowness
サンキュー thank you
サンタクロース Santa Claus
シート seat, sheet
システム system
シック chic
176
シナリオ scenario
ショー show
ショック shock
ジーパン jeans (lit: jeans pants), dungarees
ジャズ jazz
ジャンパー jacket, jumper
ジャンプ jump
ジャンボ jumbo
ジャンル genre
スタジオ studio
スチーム steam
ストライキ strike
ストレス stress
ストロー straw
stroboscope (lit: strobo), strobe lamp,

ストロボ
stroboscopic lamp
スピード speed
スプリング spring
スペース space
スポーツカー sports car
スラックス slacks
177
セール sale
セクション section
セックス sexual intercourse
セレモニー ceremony
センス good sense (for music style tact etc.)
ゼリー 1. jelly, 2. Jerry
ソース source
ソックス socks
ソロ solo
タイトル title
タイピスト typist
タイマー timer
タイミング timing
タイム time
タイムリー timely, run-batted-in (baseball), RBI
タイヤ tire, tyre
タイル tile
タレント talent, star, personality
タワー tower
ダース dozen
178
ダウン down
to coincide (fall on the same day), to have two

ダブる of something, to repeat a school year after
failing
ダンプ dump
チームワーク teamwork
チェンジ change
チャイム chime
チャンネル a channel
ティッシュペーパー tissue paper
テレックス telex, teletypewriter exchange
データ data
デコレーション decoration
デザート dessert
デザイン design
デッサン (fr:) (n) rough sketch (fr: dessin)
デモンストレーション demonstration
トーン tone
トラブル trouble (sometimes used as a verb)
トランジスター transistor
ドライ dry
179
ドライクリーニング dry cleaning
ドライバー driver, screwdriver
ドライブイン drive in
ドリル drill
game under lights (e.g. baseball) (lit: nighter),

ナイター
night game
ナプキン napkin
ナンセンス nonsense
ニュー new
ニュアンス nuance
ネガ (photographic) negative
ノイローゼ (de:) (n) neurosis (de: Neurose)
ハンガー hangar, (coat) hanger, hunger
バー bar
バッジ badge
バット bat, vat
パジャマ pajamas, pyjamas
パチンコ pachinko (Japanese pinball)
パトカー patrol car
パンク 1. (abbr) puncture, bursting, 2. punk
ヒント hint
180
ビールス virus
ビジネス business
ファイト fight
ファイル file
ファン fan, fun
フィルター (camera) filter
フェリー ferry
フォーム foam, form
フロント front
ブーツ boots
ブーム boom
ブザー buzzer
ブルー blue
ベース base, bass
ベスト best, vest
ベストセラー best-seller
ペア pair, pear
ホース hose
ホール hall, hole
ボイコット boycott
181
ボルト volt, bolt
ポーズ pause
ポイント point
ポジション position
ポット pot
ポンプ pump
マーク mark
マスコミ mass communication
マッサージ massage
ミスプリント misprint
ミセス Mrs.
ミュージック music
ミリ milli-, 10^-3
ムード mood
メーカー maker
メッセージ message
メディア media
メロディー melody
モーテル motel
モニター (computer) monitor
182
ヤング young
ユニーク unique
ユニフォーム uniform
ライス rice
ラベル label
ランプ lamp, ramp, headlight, light
ルーズ loose
ルール rule
レース race, lace
レギュラー regular
レクリエーション recreation
レッスン lesson
レディー lady
レバー lever, liver
レンジ range, stove
レンタカー hire car (lit: rent-a-car)
レントゲン X-ray (lit: Roentgen)
ロープ rope
ローマ字ローマじ romanization, Roman letters
ロマンチック romantic
183
ワット watt
184

JLPT N1 Vocab List: This Is Not A Cumulative List. (It Doesn't Contain The Vocab Needed by JLPT N2 and Below)

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JLPT N1 Vocab List: This Is Not A Cumulative List. (It Doesn't Contain The Vocab Needed by JLPT N2 and Below)

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JLPT Resources – http://www.tanos.co.

JLPT N1 Vocab List

Kanji Hiragana English

相 あい together, mutually, fellow

相変わらず あいかわらず as ever, as usual, the same

civility, courtesy, compliments, sociability,

confrontation, facing, between ourselves, no

愛憎 あいにく likes and dislikes

曖昧 あいまい vague, ambiguous

敢えて あえて dare (to do), challenge (to do)

to look up (to), to respect, to depend on, to ask

証 あかし proof, evidence

赤字 あかじ deficit, go in the red

明かす あかす to pass, spend, to reveal, to divulge

赤ちゃん あかちゃん baby, infant

明白 あからさま obvious, overt, plainly, frankly

赤らむ あからむ to become red, to redden, to blush

明るい あかるい bright, cheerful

1. slope, advance income, crop yield, ascent,

to enter, to go up, to rise, to climb up, to

商人 あきうど trader, shopkeeper, merchant

空間 あきま vacancy, room for rent or lease

諦め あきらめ resignation, acceptance, consolation

呆れる あきれる to be amazed, to be shocked

あくどい 1. gaudy, showy, excessive, 2. vicious

悪日 あくび unlucky day

明くる あくる next, following

憧れ あこがれ yearning, longing, aspiration

麻 あさ flax, linen, hemp

明後日 あさって day after tomorrow

朝寝坊 あさねぼう oversleeping, late riser

wretched, miserable, shameful, mean,

鮮やか あざやか vivid, clear, brilliant

あざ笑う あざわらう to sneer at, to ridicule

味わい あじわい flavour, meaning, significance

東 あずま east, Eastern Japan

焦る あせる to be in a hurry, to be impatient

1. (uk) there, over there, that place, 2. (X) (col)

値 あたい value, price, cost, worth, merit

値する あたいする to be worth, to deserve, to merit

hit, success, reaching the mark, per ..., vicinity,

usual, common, ordinary, natural, reasonable,

another person, unrelated person, outsider,

彼方此方 あちこち here and there

彼方 あちら 1. there, yonder, that

彼方此方 あちらこちら here and there

deterioration, growing worse, aggravation,

呆気ない あっけない not enough, too quick (short long etc.)

悪口 あっこう abuse, insult, slander, evil speaking

あっさり easily, readily, quickly

圧迫 あっぱく pressure, coercion, oppression

扱い あつかい treatment, service

集まる あつまる to gather, to collect, to assemble

誂える あつらえる to give an order, to place an order

圧力 あつりょく stress, pressure

当て あて object, aim, end, hopes, expectations

phonetic-equivalent character, substitute

当てはまる あてはまる to apply (a rule)

当てはめる あてはめる to apply, to adapt

宛てる あてる to address

跡継ぎ あとつぎ heir, successor

後回し あとまわし putting off, postponing

貴女 あなた you, lady

相あい together, mutually, fellow

相変わらずあいかわらず as ever, as usual, the same

愛憎あいにく likes and dislikes

曖昧あいまい vague, ambiguous

敢えてあえて dare (to do), challenge (to do)

証あかし proof, evidence

赤字あかじ deficit, go in the red

明かすあかす to pass, spend, to reveal, to divulge

赤ちゃんあかちゃん baby, infant

明白あからさま obvious, overt, plainly, frankly

赤らむあからむ to become red, to redden, to blush

明るいあかるい bright, cheerful

商人あきうど trader, shopkeeper, merchant

空間あきま vacancy, room for rent or lease

諦めあきらめ resignation, acceptance, consolation

呆れるあきれる to be amazed, to be shocked

悪日あくび unlucky day

明くるあくる next, following

憧れあこがれ yearning, longing, aspiration

麻あさ flax, linen, hemp

明後日あさって day after tomorrow

朝寝坊あさねぼう oversleeping, late riser

鮮やかあざやか vivid, clear, brilliant

あざ笑うあざわらう to sneer at, to ridicule

味わいあじわい flavour, meaning, significance

東あずま east, Eastern Japan

焦るあせる to be in a hurry, to be impatient

値あたい value, price, cost, worth, merit

値するあたいする to be worth, to deserve, to merit

彼方此方あちこち here and there

彼方あちら 1. there, yonder, that

彼方此方あちらこちら here and there

呆気ないあっけない not enough, too quick (short long etc.)

悪口あっこう abuse, insult, slander, evil speaking

圧迫あっぱく pressure, coercion, oppression

扱いあつかい treatment, service

集まるあつまる to gather, to collect, to assemble

誂えるあつらえる to give an order, to place an order

圧力あつりょく stress, pressure

当てあて object, aim, end, hopes, expectations

当てはまるあてはまる to apply (a rule)

当てはめるあてはめる to apply, to adapt

宛てるあてる to address

跡継ぎあとつぎ heir, successor

後回しあとまわし putting off, postponing

貴女あなた you, lady

彼のあの that over there

溢れるあふれる to flood, to overflow, to brim over

油絵あぶらえ oil painting

甘えるあまえる to behave like a spoiled child, to fawn on

甘口あまくち sweet flavour, mildness, flattery, stupidity

雨具あまぐ rain gear

天あまつ heavenly, imperial

操るあやつる to manipulate, to operate, to pull strings

過ちあやまち fault, error, indiscretion

誤るあやまる to make a mistake

歩むあゆむ to walk, to go on foot

予めあらかじめ beforehand, in advance, previously

粗筋あらすじ outline, summary

改まるあらたまる to be renewed

荒っぽいあらっぽい rough, rude

凡ゆるあらゆる all, every

現われあらわれ embodiment, materialization

有難うありがとう Thank you

有りのままありのまま the truth, fact, as it is, frankly

或いはあるいは or, possibly

彼此あれこれ one thing or another, this and that, this or that

合わせあわせ joint together, opposite, facing

慌ただしいあわただしい busy, hurried, confused, flurried

暗算あんざん mental arithmetic

暗示あんじ hint, suggestion

案じるあんじる to be anxious, to ponder

案の定あんのじょう sure enough, as usual

伊井いい that one, Italy

否いいえ no, nay, yes, well

言い訳いいわけ excuse, explanation

家出いえで running away from home, leaving home

如何いかが how, in what way

生かすいかす to revive, to resuscitate, to make use of

如何にもいかにも indeed, really, phrase meaning agreement