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PSG QB & Syl
PSG QB & Syl
AIM
To expose the students to the various faults in power system and learn the various methods of
protection scheme. To understand the current interruption in Power System and study the various
switchgears.
OBJECTIVES
i. Discussion on various earthling practices usage of symmetrical components to estimate fault current
and fault MVA.
ii. Study of Relays & Study of protection scheme, solid state relays.
UNIT I: INTRODUCTION 12
Principles and need for protective schemes – nature and causes of faults – types of faults – fault
current calculation using symmetrical components – Power system earthing - Zones of protection
and essential qualities of protection – Protection scheme.
Apparatus protection transformer, generator, motor, protection of bus bars, transmission lines –
CTs and PTs and their applications in protection schemes.
Types of Circuit Breakers – Air blast, Air break, oil SF6 and Vacuum circuit breakers – comparative
merits of different circuit breakers – Testing of circuit breakers
TEXT BOOKS
1. B. Ravindranath, and N. Chander, ‘Power System Protection & Switchgear’, Wiley Eastern Ltd.,
1977.
REFERENCE BOOKS
1. Sunil S. Rao, ‘Switchgear and Protection’, Khanna publishers, New Delhi, 1986 .
2. C.L. Wadhwa, ‘Electrical Power Systems’, Newage International (P) Ltd., 2000.
3. M.L. Soni, P.V. Gupta, V.S. Bhatnagar, A. Chakrabarti, ‘A Text Book on Power System
Engineering’, Dhanpat Rai & Co., 1998.
4. Badri Ram, Vishwakarma, ‘Power System Protection and Switchgear’, Tata McGraw hill, 2001.
5. Y.G. Paithankar and S.R. Bhide, ‘Fundamentals of Power System Protection’, Prentice Hall of India
Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi – 110001, 2003.
17153H41P – PROTECTION AND SWITCHGEAR
UNIT- 1 PROTECTION SCHEME
PART-A
1. What are the functions of protective relays?
2. State the significance of single line to ground fault.
3. What are symmetrical components?
4. Define negative sequence component.
5. State the different types of faults.
6. What is primary protection?
7. Define protected zone.
8. What is back up protection?
9. State the significance of double line fault.
10. What are the different types of earthing ?
PART-B
11. i) What are the causes of over voltage on a power system? (8+8)
ii) Why is it necessary to protect the lines and other equipment of the power System
against over voltages?
12. Derive an expression for fault current for single line to ground fault by symmetrical
components method.(16)
13. What is a 3Φ unsymmetrical fault? Discuss the different types of unsymmetrical faults
that can occur on 3Φ system. (16)
14. Derive an expression for fault current for line to line fault by symmetrical components
method. (16)
15. Derive an expression for fault current for double line to ground fault by symmetrical
components method.
1. What is Relay?
2. How to classify the protective relays.
3. What is static relay?
4. Define operating time of a relay.
5. What are the features of directional relay?
6. What is Selectivity?
7. What is Sensitivity?
8. Define pickup current.
9. State reliability?
10. What is simplicity?
PART-B
PART-B
11. (i). Explain the maintenance schedule for circuit breaker. (8)
(ii). Write the short on essential features of switch gear. (8)
12. Write short notes on the following:
(i).Basic working principle of circuit breaker. (5)
(ii).Arc phenomenon in circuit breaker. (5)
(iii).Explain the problems of circuit breakers. (6)
13. Write short notes on the following:
(i).Resistance switching. (6)
(ii) Circuit breaking rating. (10)
14. (i)Explain the construction and working principle of light duty DC air circuit breaker.(10)
(ii)Explain the problems of DC breaking. (6)
15. (i)Explain the various method of arc extinction in a circuit breaker.(10)
(ii)Write the short note on the rate of re-striking voltage indicating its importance in the
arc extinction. (6)
UNIT-5 CIRCUIT BREAKERS
PART-A
PART-B
11. Explain the construction and working principle of cross jet explosion pot oil circuit
breaker.(16)
12. Explain the construction and working principle of oil minimum circuit breaker (MOCB)
and list out the advantages and disadvantages. (16)
13. Explain the construction and working principle of sulphur hexa fluoride (SF6) circuit
breaker and state its advantages.(16)
14. What are the different methods of testing of circuit breakers? Discuss their merits and
demerits.
15. Explain the construction and working principle of vacuum circuit breaker.(16)