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Overview of MEMS and Microsystems 1. MEMS & Microsystems: What Is MEMS?
Overview of MEMS and Microsystems 1. MEMS & Microsystems: What Is MEMS?
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MEMS as a microactuator:
* Example: a microgripper
Microsystems:
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A microsystem is an engineering system that contains MEMS components
that are designed to perform specific engineering functions.
3 components (Madou, 1997): micro sensors, actuators, and a processing
unit.
Example: an airbag deployment system
An intelligent microsystem:
Incorporate signal processing and closed-loop feedback control systems into
a microsystem.
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p.s. LIGA: come from the German terms Lithography (Lithographie), electroforming
(Galvanoformung), and molding (Abformung).
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A thermal-bubble-actuated droplet generator (Allen et al., 1985):
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2.4 Micro-lens
(a)
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(b)
Fig. Electrostatic Combdrive-Actuated Micromirrors (微鏡片) for Laser-Beam
Scanning and Positioning (Kiang et al., 1998)
3. Microfabrication
3.1 Definition
The technologies used to produce minute components is called microfabrication
technologies, or micromachining.
3.3 Evolution
The significant amount of microfabrication processes were developed
for the microelectronics industry in the past 50 years.
- In 1947, transistors (電晶體) were invented.
- In 1955, a monolithic ( 單 片 的 ) circuit (i.e., using germanium or
silicon to build an entire circuit) was produced at RCA.
- In 1958, the first IC was produced by Jack Kilby at Texas
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Instruments.
- Today, ultra large scale integration (ULSI) can contain 10 million
transistors and capacitors on a chip.
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5. The Multidisciplinary Nature of Microsystem Design and Manufacturing
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2. Electrohydrodynamics involves the driving of an ionized fluid by the
application of electric fields.
5 engineering areas:
I. Mechanical engineering
II. Electrical engineering
III. Chemical engineering
IV. Material engineering
V. Industrial engineering
Examples:
- Computers: advanced in 50 years from the vacuum-tube technology to
the IC technology. → smaller size, but better performance.
- Bio-chips: shorter time for disease or virus detection (plus much less
samples required).
Reference:
1. Halliday, D., Resnick, R., and Walker. J., Fundamentals of Physics: Extended
Version 6th ed, Wiley, John & Sons Incorporated, 2000.
2. Hsu, Tai-Ran, MEMS & Microsystems Design and Manufacturing, McGraw-Hill,
2002.
3. Kiang, M.-H., Solgaard, O., Lau, K.Y., and Muller, R.S., 1998, “Electrostatic
combdrive-actuated micromirrors for laser-beam scanning and positioning,”
Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems, Vol. 7, Issue 1, pp. 27 –37.
4. Kovacs, George T. A., Micromachined Transducers Sourcebook, MaGraw-Hill
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Companies, Inc., 2000.
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