Professional Documents
Culture Documents
IDIAP
Martigny - Valais - Suisse
R E S E A R C H
I D I AP
! "
#
$
#
!"! # $ % & ' ( &&
!
$
&
)*+ ,
-
& - -
&! -
-
&
. - ! /&
+
$
&
( (
)
&
-,
(
+
(&
! -
-
+ (
-+
+
)1 + + !!,! + -
-
! -
-+
(
- '! 7-+
4 & & -
(&
(& &
+
--!
( ,
8
( -
( -
+
&
8
(! # ( - )
,
0
(
)
, -
(
(
A C
!
!
A C
" !
(
&
)9$:+
, )
+ ",! +
(
)!!+
,
( + ( ) , 0 ) ,+
'
- ( 1 - (
! <+
) , 0 ) ,!
'
(;
) , 0 )
, ) , ) , ),
# + -
0 + 5
( ( '
) , 0
) ) ,, ),
+ 5
( ( -
(
( -
-
. - ! & (
' &&
+ 5
(
6
) , ) ,
) , ) , ) , 0
) ,
) , ) , 0 ) , ) , ) , ),
!
!
"
#
$
!
!
"
$$
#
!
$$
!
!
%
&
=
A C
" #
$
% & )
,
)
, !
Graph A Graph B
+ #
-
& ( (
! & (&+
)"+
! > ?,+
-
(&
) +
8 (&
,4
)+
,! '
),
&
+
(
(
& (
&
!
A B C D
1
! & ) *
+
,
& ) *
+
- & ) *
+ % & )
*
+ . & ) *
+ ,
A B E
9$:+
@
+ @
+ (&! &
(
+
+ /
0
+
+ /
+
+ /
+
/
1
+
+
+
+ /
+
+ /
+
+
6
! $
+ /
( @
+
$
@
)
+ ,+ (&
4
(
( ! #
+
(&
! $
@
+ ( &+ /
(
@
! /&
+ (
(
(
(
/
( 5 (
@
! $
(
& (
-
!
9$:! ) ,! $
( - &
(
( ! /&
+ + - (& ( -/
! #
# &
+
# + (+
$
&
(& 9$:! 9$:+ &
(
4 &
! $(
+ &-
-
) ,+
B F G
A E
C H
A E
! &
&
)&
! ) ,!
&
-
!
&
! /&
+ (
&
4 ( (& 6 +
/&
+ : & )" + !, &
6
&/& 6 !
) ,!
$ 9$: &;
6 &
( !
"! #
-
+ & -/ ) -/ , (
6
A B E
$
.
&
5 6
3
4
+
&
+
&
+ -
C C
A B B E
D D D
#( ( &
( - (
'
' + # 5 &+ (
' ! 7-+ ( & ( '+ #
( 2
/ (
!
"
C C
A B B E
D D
D,E
(
( + &
&
(
! ) +
(
& & & & ,!
2
&& (
+ )7&+ + ,!
'
- 7& ),+ ( '
(!
# $
) , ) 8 (
- -,! C
(
' '. +
# $ $ #
) ,
) , 0
$
) ,
)=,
Gas Jewelry
" +
9 "
+ &
" &
+ :
0
+ $ 1 )
;
"
+ (
+ $
& $ 1 )
1 & +
+
$ /
0 C 0
! ! D D D
$ $ 0 $ %
! != ! D D D
/ 0 % / 0 &
! ! D D D
: 0 C : 0
! !" C D D
! ! D D
A 0 C A 0
! ! E E
! ! &
! = ! &
! !" % &
! ! (&
! !" (&
! ! % (&
!
+
$
%
F
!
"
F G
( )=,
# $
) , 0 $ $ # #
¼
)
)
,
,
),
+
(
+ &
& ( 6
# $
) , 0 $$##
¼
)
)
,
,
# # # #
)
# # # #
)
,
,
)
)
,
,
)
)
,
,
) ,
) ,
),
9
+ &- - (&
) , 0
) ,
# $
) , 0 $ $# #
¼
)
)
,
,
# #
)
# #
)
,
,
) ,
) ,
) ,
) ,
) ,
) ,
)?,
$
+ &
( 6 ? && ( &
&
( (
&
,!
# $
) , 0 $ $# #
¼
)
)
, # #
,
)
# #)
,
,
) ,
) ,
)",
(& !
#
$
) 0 0 0 0 0 ,
0
)
$
#
#
#
0
$
¼
0
# # #
) 0
0
0
0 ,
0
)
0
, )
0
0
,
,
) 0
) ,
,
),
' (
+
#
$
) 0 0 0 0 0 ,
"
0
) " , I ) ,
0 =
+
( (
! + (
( (
+ -
'(
)B+ "", (
( - -
- & ( -! * ' + #
= # - &
& ( (
( ' !
( -
-
( )
( ( -
,+
+
( -
-! &
( -
-
( (
( -
& ) , 0 )
, ) ,
' ) , 0 ) , ),
( 0
+
&
( & & ) ,
' ) ,! )=, 6
&
8
(! & ) ,
' ) , -
"
& & ) , &
& & &
) , ) , ) ,+ (
(
& ) , 0 ( 0
&
) , 0
( 0
-
+ -
0
! H ) ,+ & ) , /
&) , 0 )
, ),
0
)
, ),
0
)
,
)
, )
, )?,
0 &½ &¾
) , & ) , ) , )",
(
½
¾
( +
8
(
& ) , 0
)
,
&
) , 0 ) , ),
"
" "
0 ) , ) ,
" "
0 ) , ) , ),
,
0 ) , ) , ),
(& ( .
! $+ & &
& &
& )
-. .+
8 &
. .! (+ &
(&+ -
&
) , &
&
) , 0 ) , )) , )=,
"
' &+ ' ) , &
.
! H ),
' ) , 0
)
"
,
),
" "
0 ) , ),
" "
0 ) , ) , )?,
,
0 ) , ) , ),
(& ! $+ & &
-. ' +
8
&
. ' !
(& B. 8 ( & . ' .! B ), 8 & (
&
) , 0 )
, ) ,
' ) , 0
) , ),
(
) , 0 & '
) , ) , ),
1 ), -
& &
( ( '
&- D B )""+ =!=,,+ & ( !
(&
& &
6 !
2 6 +
+ &
O- %
P ( &
P
3%
H
3%
;
"
&" +
< <
=! B
&
' - 5
(!
-
( -
-!
" (
5
(
(&
5 !
( &
(
+
&
&
(&
&
! * & ( &
(+ +
) ,+
! +
) 0
0 0 ,
) 0 0 0 , 0
) 0 0 ,
),
& ( &
0
0 0
& ( &
0 0
)=,
'
%
( %$ )
& *
+
$
%$
% )&
=
&
' ! # ' &
+
)
) *
, , ),
*
& (
(
(
' ! * ( - - & &/ &
(
(
& (
(
) ,!
+
& ( '
8
* + +
)
)
*
, , 0 * ),
*
) , )?,
*
)
, 0
*
) , )",
*
) , 0 9) * ( I ( (
I I , ),
# ),+
& ( & ) 0
) , 0 $,
(
+ ( ) 0
) , 0 $ ,
+ - !
,
(
I
) 0
( I
)= ,
(
(& (
&
/
&/&;)3%,
&! 3/ '
$ %
&
(
'
-
/
&/&; )3%, & )< ;+ ,+ ; ( ' &
* & )' &+ ?,! Q )", 3% ' +
(
!
" ,
) 0 , 0 ( & '
)=,
-
( " ! + &+ -
' 5 ( & + )=,
&
( 6 + - -!
+ - ( ( - (
- ( $ ! +
& - ( + 8
( 6
! )#
6
)
) ,,
&
(& 6
!, #( ) ( 6 -
$
"
0
) , 0 +
0 ) 0 ! , )=,
!(
* O ( - - &
+
&
) 0
) , 0 $ , 0
0
)==,
& (
& /
& ( &
)1
$ ( I
) 0
) , 0 , 0
( I
)=,
&
!
(
* (
&
(
) , 0
) , I
) , )=,
( ( !
?",
) ,
*+
) ,
)=?,
*
&+
& ( *
) , ) )
*
*
, ) ,,+
9
< )%9<, )R+ "?,!
( 6
( ! $
!
(
-
8
)
-
! + 5 - 8
-! 9 -
B
)7&+ ,! +
2
- (
- &
8
&
! O
!
! ( (
+
+
4
%
% ), - && ( 3% & (! C
-4 ), ( - (
+ 8
MN )
,
A0
B0
C0
" +
"
!
A0 A1
B0 B1
C0 C1
=
" +
"
!
# &
-
' + ( &
&! +
- ' &+ & '
)9',
!
' ! ) (
( ( - 0 + & ! =
( & & ' ! + (
)
(&
- & ,4 + -
-!
A0 A1 A2 A3 A4
B0 B1 B2 B3 B4
C0 C1 C2 C3 C4
" +
&
+
+
"
$
,
+
>= +
"
$
- !
& (
) , - ( & ! * & + &
( &
! + ( - &
0 +
8
! 8 & 8
' + & (; (
5
& (
&+ ), ( (
(
%- &
)7%%,
; )R
&+ !,
& !
11
00
00
11
1 2 2 3 4 5
00
11 Position
D IH IH JH IH T T Phone
11
00
00
11
1 0
00
11 1 1 1 0 Transition
00
11
11
00 111
000
000
111 00
11
00
11 000
111
000
111 00
11
11
00 111
000
000
111 00
11
00
11
00 111
11 000 11
00 000
111 11
00 111
000 11
00
Acoustics
- -
& (& (
!
'
-+ - 7%% 6 - (
!
&
!
&
&
+ & !
& &
& (
&
?&
+
<
+ '
"
+
<
+
+ C
" <1 C
!
! $ ( ' -
&! * - -
+
&
*
&
'
-
&
&+ ' ( &
-
(
&
& 2! + ( &
& -
+ (
+
2
- !
S &T
OT ), ( -
/
( &
&
&
,
-.
* +
#
,#
,
-
%; )
8
, '
M&N
(
!
(! -
)
) ,!
&+ (& B )"", (& 5 C )"=,+
& - & 5 &!
! 1 !
)( +
(
,!
6 7 8
2 5
4 3 1
6 7 8
2 5
4 3 1
&
+
$
& (
! + ( & (& &/& &
!
+
& (
( -/ & & (&
! $
( -/ & & -/ )
0
$ ) $ +
) ,
&
)
8
): &+ " + =!,,! & &
& ,!
8 (& : & )" , &
8
(&
-
)", + &
(&
(&
!
#
( &/& 6 !
=
6 7 7 8
2 5 5
2 2 5
4 3 1 1
&
* +
$
%7 C
+
*
:- :
0 ) . ,
:-
( - ) ) / )
( &
,
#; 0 0 4
K
L 0 K L+ 16 0 KL
( )
( ( ) ) /
.
) 0 /
.
0 & (
K
L 0 ( K L
() K L
+- +- ) 0 I
0 0
0 ( I
(
+- +- ) 0 I
+-
0
7- ( 6
+ 5 )B+ ""+ !!=,
( !
(
! # (
4 3 1
2 5
6 7
2 5
7 8
&
* +
$
% +
* C
+
+
*
"
'
*
/
0
7- ( 5 +
&
( (
1
6 )
+ ",! 3 6 (
+ +
(
- (
!
8+ +-
&
(
!
1
$ (
- & ( +-
!
( )
$ )
6
1
#; + 6 .
( &+ !
( $ 0
)
+-
1+$ 1+$ )
)
0 ) ) , ,
5 - & ( && -! 3 6 & +
6 )
,! &+ 6
2
' ( ( 6 )( + ' .,! &&
- 6 ! #( + & ' ( -!
!
98
+-
0
) +-
,
2 +-
0
&
( - +-
< -
- ( +-
+-
+-
0
1 1 0 ) 0 ,
+-
+-
0
1 10
0
2 2 0
?
( - ( +-
&
, ) ,
1 1 & 0 ) $
+ ( & . -,
( +-
1 0
( 0 ( ( +-
. -
/ ) 5
,
'
) ,
( +- (
'
, ) ,
) ) )
+-
0 , 0! ) 0 ,+
+-
) )
) ( . - 0 ,
&
, ) ,
(2 0
& 1
0
( 0
& 1 &
0
) - ,
& 0
1
(& 0
1 1 3&
0 ) ,
( +-
& +-
.
6
'
) ,
( 0
( +- 0
' +-
0 ) ,
' 0
+-
) ,
' +-
"
. +
#
#
# - -
& (
'
- - ! < & ( ' 4
&+
(& ' /
&
&+
%
' &+ <! 3! )?,! $ 6
&/&; 6 & (
( ( %-
! 3 *
+ + D"!
!
1+ R! ),! #
( ( ' ! # A
),+
D!
#!
!
&+ ! )",! ' 3% &! # $
+
E
3
E3 !
! E3 !
D=!
A+ ! F! ),! 3
C
" ! H1< B <
!+ <
!
1
+ - + D !
%
+ P!
%+ ! ),! %
/
& ' !
+ 1&
9-+ H- ( 1(+ '+ 1$!
+ R! 3! )",! !
?
2) 1 8 &
! $
*# B ! A * > + #!+ C!
S &T
OT + O! #! ),! &1C8
!
3#
(
?
! B!9! + H- ( B-+ B
!
% P (& B + #!+ + 1(+ -
!
!
3
+ $,
+ D"!
(
-
! 13< :
+ +
D?!
1+ HP!
?? + 1&
9- )331,+ H- ( 1( '+ '+ 1$!
Q+ :! :! )",! 1 ?
C
" ! B!9! + H-
( 1(+ '!