SECTION 10 - BALL AND ROLLER BEARINGS

601. The radial reaction on a bearing is 1500 lb.; it also carries a thrust of 1000 lb.;
shaft rotates 1500 rpm; outer ring stationary; smooth load, 8-hr./day service, say
15,000 hr. (a) Select a deep-groove ball bearing. (b) What is the rated 90 % life
of the selected bearing? (c) For b = 1.34 , compute the probability of the selected
bearing surviving 15,000 hr.

Solution:
Fx = 1500 lb
Fy = 1000 lb
( )
B10 = (15,000 )(60 )(1500 ) 10−6 = 1350 mr
F e= 0.56Cr Fx + Ct Fz
Cr = 1 , outer ring stationary
assume Ct = 1.8
F e= 0.56(1)(1500) + (1.8)(1000) = 2640 lb
1
 B 3 1
Fr =  10  Fe = (1350)3 (2640) = 29,178 lb
 Br 
(a) Table 12.3
use 320, Fr = 29,900 lb
Fs = 29,900 lb
To check:
Fz 1000
= = 0.0340
Fs 29,400
Table 12.2, Ct = 1.93 , Q = 0.2286
Fz 1000
= = 0.667 > Q
Cr Fx (1.0 )(1500 )
F e= 0.56Cr Fx + Ct Fz
F e= 0.56(1)(1500) + (1.93)(1000) = 2770 lb
1
 B 3 1
Fr =  10  Fe = (1350)3 (2770) = 30,614 lb
 Br 
2.4 % higher than 29,900 lb. Safe.
Therefore use Bearing 320, Deep-Groove Ball Bearing.

(b) Fr = 29,900 lb
F e= 2770 lb
1
 B 3
29,900 =  10  (2770 ) = 30,614 lb
 1 mr 
B10 = 1258 mr

Page 1 of 17
 SECTION 10 - BALL AND ROLLER BEARINGS

( )
B10 = (HR )(60 )(1500 ) 10−6 = 1258
HR ≈ 14,000 hr

1
  1  b
 ln  
B  P 
(c) =
B10   1  
 ln  
  P10  
 1   1 
ln  = ln 
 P10   0.9 
B10 = 1258 mr
B = 1350 mr
1
  1   1.34
ln 
1350   P  
= 
1258   1  
  0.9  
ln

P = 0.891

602. A certain bearing is to carry a radial load of 500 lb. and a thrust of 300 lb. The
load imposes light shock; the desired 90 % life is 10 hr./day for 5 years at
n = 3000 rpm . (a) Select a deep-groove ball bearing. What is its bore? Consider
all bearings that may serve. (b) What is the computed rated 90 % life of the
selected bearing? (c) What is the computed probability of the bearing surviving
the specified life? (d) If the loads were changed to 400 and 240 lb., respectively,
determine the probability of the bearing surviving the specified life, and the 90 %
life under the new load.

Solution:
Fx = 500 lb
Fz = 300 lb
Assume Cr = 1
Fz 300
= = 0 .6
Cr Fx (1.0 )(500 )
Fz
Table 12.2, >Q
Cr Fx
(a) F e= 0.56Cr Fx + Ct Fz
Cr = 1
Assume Ct = 1.8
F e= 0.56(1)(500) + (1.93)(300 ) = 820 lb

Page 2 of 17
 SECTION 10 - BALL AND ROLLER BEARINGS

For light shock, service factor ~ 1.1

F e= (1.1)(820) = 902 lb
1
 B 3 1
Fr =  10  Fe = (1350)3 (2770) = 30,614 lb
 Br 
B10 = (5)(365)(10 )(60 )(3000 )(10−6 ) = 3285 mr
1
 B 3 1
Fr =  10  Fe = (3285)3 (902) = 13,409 lb
 Br 
Table 12.3,
Bearing No. Fr , lb Fs , lb Bore
217 14,400 12,000 85 mm
312 14,100 10,900 60 mm

Select, Bearing No. 312

Fr = 14,100 lb
Fs = 10,900 lb

(b) Table 12.2

Fz 300
= = 0.0285
Fs 10,900
Ct = 1.99
Q = 0.22
F e= 0.56Cr Fx + Ct Fz
F e= 0.56(1)(500) + (1.99)(300) = 877 lb
F e= (1.1)(877 ) = 965 lb
1
 B 3
Fr =  10  Fe
 Br 
1
 B 3
14,100 =  10  (965)
 1 
B10 = 3119 mr
( )
B10 = (YR)(365)(10 )(60 )(3000 ) 10 −6 = 3119
YR = 4.75 years

1
  1  b
 ln  
B  P 
(c) =
B10   1  
 ln  
  P10  

Page 3 of 17
 SECTION 10 - BALL AND ROLLER BEARINGS

use b = 1.125
B10 = 3119 mr
B = 3285 mr
1
  1   1.125
ln 
3285   P  
=  
3119   1  
  0.9  
ln

P = 0.8943

(d) Fx = 400 lb
Fz = 240 lb
Cr = 1
Fz 240
= = 0 .6
Cr Fx (1.0 )(400 )
Table 12.2
Ct = 2.15
Q = 0.21 < 0.6
F e= 0.56Cr Fx + Ct Fz
F e= 0.56(1)(400) + (2.15)(240) = 740 lb
F e= (1.1)(740) = 814 lb
1
 B 3
Fr =  10  Fe
 Br 
1
 B 3
14,100 =  10  (814)
 1 
B10 = 5197 mr
1
  1  b
 ln  
=   
B P
B10   1  
 ln  
  P10  
1
  1   1.125
ln 
3285   P  
= 
5197   1  
  0.9  
ln

P = 0.939
Life:
B10 = (YR)(365)(10 )(60 )(3000 )(10 −6 ) = 5197

Page 4 of 17
 SECTION 10 - BALL AND ROLLER BEARINGS

YR = 8 years

603. The smooth loading on a bearing is 500-lb radial, 100 lb. thrust; n = 300 rpm . An
electric motor drives through gears; 8 hr./day, fully utilized. (a) Considering
deep-groove ball bearings that may serve, choose one end specify its bore. For
the bearing chosen, determine (b) the rated 90 % life and (c) the probability of
survival for the design lufe.

Solution:
Fx = 500 lb
Fz = 100 lb
Table 12.1, 8 hr./day fully utilized, assume 25,000 hr
B10 = (25,000 )(60 )(300 )(10−6 ) = 450 mr
(a) assume Cr = 1
Fz 100
= = 0 .2
Cr Fx (1.0 )(500 )
F
consider Q > z
Cr Fx
Fe = Cr Fx = (1.0)(500) = 500 lb
1
B  3 1
Fr =  10  Fe = (450)3 (500) = 3832 lb
 Br 
Table 12.3
Bearing No. Fr , lb Fs , lb
207 4440 3070
306 4850 3340
305 3660 2390
Select 305, Fr = 3660 lb , Fs = 2390 lb
Bore (Table 12.4) = 25 mm

Fz 100
(a) = = 0.0418
Fs 2390
Table 12.2, 0.22 < Q0.26
F
Q> z
Cr Fx
Fe = Cr Fx = (1.0)(500) = 500 lb
1
 B 3
3660 =  10  (500)
 1 
B10 = 392 mr
Rated Life:

Page 5 of 17
 SECTION 10 - BALL AND ROLLER BEARINGS

( )
B10 = (HR )(60 )(300 ) 10−6 = 392
HR ≈ 22,000 hr

1
  1  b
 ln  
=   
B P
(c)
B10   1 
 ln  
  P10  
b = 1.125
1
  1   1.125
ln 
450   P  
= 
392   1  
  0.9  
ln

P = 0.884

605. A No. 311, single-row, deep-groove ball bearing is used to carry a radial load of
1500 lb. at a speed of 500 rpm. (a) What is the 90 % life of the bearing in hours?
What is the approximate median life? What is the probability of survival if the
actual life is desired to be (b) 105 hr., (c) 104 hr.?

Solution:
Table 12.3, No. 311
Fs = 9400 lb
Fr = 12400 lb

Fx = 1500 lb
assume Cr = 1
Fe = Cr Fx = (1)(1500 ) = 1500 lb
1
 B 3
(a) Fr =  10  Fe
 Br 
1
 B 3
12400 =  10  (1500)
 1 
B10 = 565 mr
( )
B10 = (HR )(60 )(500 ) 10−6 = 565
HR ≈ 18,800 hr

For median life = 5( 90 % life) = 5(18,800) = 94,000 hr

Page 6 of 17
 SECTION 10 - BALL AND ROLLER BEARINGS

( ) ( )
(b) B = 105 (60)(500) 10−6 = 3000 mr
1
 1  b

 ln  
=   
B P
B10   1  
 ln  
  P10  
b = 1.125
1
  1   1.125
ln 
3000   P  
= 
565   1  
  0.9  
ln

P = 0.502

(c) 104 hr

( ) ( )
B = 104 (60)(500) 10−6 = 300 mr
1
 1  b

 ln  
=   
B P
B10   1 
 ln  
  P10  
b = 1.125
1
  1   1.125
ln 
300   P  
=  
565   1  
  0.9  
ln

P = 0.950

606. The load on an electric-motor bearing is 350 lb., radial; 24 hr. service,
n = 1200 rpm ; compressor drive; outer race stationary. (a) Decide upon a deep-
groove ball bearing, giving its significant dimensions. Then compute the selected
bearing’s 90 % life, and the probable percentage of failures that would occur
during the design life. What is the approximate median life of this bearing? (b)
The same as (a), except that a 200 series roller bearing is to be selected.

Solution:
Fx = 350 lb
Fe = Cr Fx
outer race stationary, Cr = 1
Fe = (1)(350) = 350 lb

Page 7 of 17
 SECTION 10 - BALL AND ROLLER BEARINGS

Table 12.1
90 % Life, hrs = 50,000 hrs
( )
B = (50,000)(60)(1200) 10−6 = 3600 mr
1
B  3 1
(a) Fr =  10  Fe = (3600)3 (350 ) = 5364 lb
 Br 
Table AT 12.3
earing No. Fr , lb Fs , lb
208 5040 3520
209 5660 4010
306 4850 3340
307 5750 4020
Use No. 209 Fr = 5660 lb
Table 12.4, Dimension
Bore = 45 mm
O.D. = 85 mm
Width of Races = 19 mm
Max. Fillet r = 0.039 mm

90 % Life:
1
B  3
Fr =  10  Fe
 Br 
1
 B 3
5660 =  10  (350)
 1 
B10 = 4229 mr
( )
B10 = (HR )(60 )(1200 ) 10−6 = 4229
HR ≈ 58,740 hr
Probability.
1
 1  b

 ln  
=   
B P
B10   1 
 ln  
  P10  
b = 1.125
1
  1   1.125
ln 
3600   P  
= 
4229   1  
  0.9  
ln

P = 0.916
% failures = 1 – 0.916 = 0.084 = 8.4 %

Page 8 of 17
 SECTION 10 - BALL AND ROLLER BEARINGS

Median Life = 5(58,740) = 293,700 hrs

(b) Table 12.3, Fr = 5364 lb

use No. 207, Fr = 5900 lb
Bore = 35 mm
O.D. = 72 mm
Width of Races = 17 mm

90 % life:
1
 B 3
Fr =  10  Fe
 Br 
1
 B 3
5900 =  10  (350)
 1 
B10 = 4790 mr
( )
B10 = (HR )(60 )(1200 ) 10−6 = 4790
HR ≈ 66,530 hr
Probability.
1
  1  b
 ln  
=   
B P
B10   1 
 ln  
  P10  
b = 1.125
1
  1   1.125
ln 
3600   P  
= 
4790   1  
  0.9  
ln

P = 0.926
% failures = 1 – 0.926 = 0.074 = 7.4 %
Median Life = 5(66,530) = 332,650 hrs

608. A deep-groove ball bearing on a missile, supporting a radial load of 200 lb., is to
have a design life of 20 hr.; with only a 0.5 % probability of failure while
n = 4000 rpm . Using a service factor of 1.2 , choose a bearing. ( A 5- or 6- place
log table is desirable.)

Solution: No need to use log table.

Fx = 200 lb
assume Cr = 1

Page 9 of 17
 SECTION 10 - BALL AND ROLLER BEARINGS

Fe = Cr Fx = (1.0)(200) = 200 lb
Fe = (1.2)(200) = 240 lb
( )
B10 = (20 )(60 )(4000 ) 10−6 = 4.8 mr
P = 1 − 0.005 = 0.995
1
  1  b
 ln  
=   
B P
B10   1 
 ln  
  P10  
b = 1.125
1
  1   1.125
ln 
4.8   0.995  
= 
B10   1  
  0.9  
ln

B10 = 72 mr
1
 B 3 1
Fr =  10  Fe = (72)3 (240) = 998.4 lb
 Br 
Table 12.3
Select No. 201, Fr = 1180 lb

VARIABLE LOADS
610. A certain bearing is to carry a radial load of 10 kip at a speed of 10 rpm for 20 %
of the time, a load of 8 kips at a speed of 50 rpm for 50 % of the time, and a load
of 5 kips at 100 rpm during 30 % of the time, with a desired life of 3000 hr.; no
thrust. (a) What is the cubic mean load? (b) What ball bearings may be used?
What roller bearings?

Solution:

1
 F 3n + F23n2 + F33n3 + L  3
(a) Fm =  1 1 
 ∑n 
∑ n = n1 + n2 + n3
For 1 min.
n1= (0.2)(10) = 2 rev
n 2 = (0.5)(50) = 25 rev
n3 = (0.3)(100) = 30 rev
∑ n = 2 + 25 + 30 = 57 rev
F1 = 10 kips

Page 10 of 17
 SECTION 10 - BALL AND ROLLER BEARINGS

F2 = 8 kips
F3 = 5 kips
1
 (10 )3 (2 ) + (8)3 (25) + (5)3 (30 )  3
Fm =   = 6.88 kips
 57 

(b) Fx = 6.88 kips = 6880 lb

assume Cr = 1
Fe = (1.0)(6880) = 6880 lb
1 min = 57 rev
B10 = (3000 )(60 )(57 )(10−6 ) = 10.26 mr
1
 B 3 1
Fr =  10  Fe = (10.26)3 (6880) = 14,950 lb
 Br 
Table 12.3, Ball Bearing
Use Bearing No. 217, Fr = 14,400 lb

(c) Table 12.3 (Roller Bearing)

Use Bearing No. 213, Fr = 14,900 lb

612. A deep-groove ball bearing No. 215 is to operate 30 % of the time at 500 rpm
with Fx = 1200 lb and Fz = 600 lb , 55 % of the time at 800 rpm with
Fx = 1000 lb and Fz = 500 lb , and 15 % of the time at 1200 rpm with
Fx = 800 lb and Fz = 400 lb . Determine (a) the cubic mean load; (b) the 90 % life
of this bearing in hours, (c) the average life in hours.

Solution:
Bearing No. 215, Fr = 11,400 lb , Fs = 9,250 lb
Table 12.2, Fz Fs
At 30 % of the time, 500 rpm
Fz 600
= = 0.065
Fs 9250
Ct = 1.66
Q = 0.266
Fz 600
= = 0 .5 > Q
Cr Fx (1)(1200 )
Fe1 = 0.56Cr Fc + Ct Fz = 0.56(1)(1200) + (1.66)(600) = 1668 lb
At 55 % of the time, 800 rpm
Fz 500
= = 0.054
Fs 9250

Page 11 of 17
 SECTION 10 - BALL AND ROLLER BEARINGS

Ct = 1.73
Q = 0.257
Fz 500
= = 0 .5 > Q
Cr Fx (1)(1000 )
Fe 2 = 0.56Cr Fc + Ct Fz = 0.56(1)(1000) + (1.73)(500) = 1425 lb
At 15 % of the time, 1200 rpm
Fz 400
= = 0.043
Fs 9250
Ct = 1.84
Q = 0.242
Fz 400
= = 0 .5 > Q
Cr Fx (1)(800 )
Fe1 = 0.56Cr Fc + Ct Fz = 0.56(1)(800) + (1.84)(400) = 1184 lb

1
 F 3n + F23n2 + F33n3 + L  3
(a) Fm =  1 1 
 ∑n 
∑ n = n1 + n2 + n3
F1 = 1668 lb
F2 = 1425 lb
F3 = 1184 lb
For 1 min.
n1= (0.3)(500 ) = 150 rev
n 2 = (0.55)(800) = 440 rev
n3 = (0.15)(1200 ) = 180 rev
∑ n = 150 + 440 + 180 = 770 rev
1
 (1668) (150 ) + (1425) (440 ) + (1184 ) (180 )
3 3 3 3
Fm =   = 1434 kips
 770 

(b) Fe = Fm = 1434 lb
1
 B 3
Fr =  10  Fe
 Br 
1
 B 3
11,400 =  10  (1434 )
 1 
B10 = 503 mr
For 1 min = 770 rev

Page 12 of 17
 SECTION 10 - BALL AND ROLLER BEARINGS

B10 = (HR )(60 )(770 )(10−6 ) = 503

HR ≈ 11,000 hr

(c) Average life = 5(11,000) = 55,000 hrs

MANUFACTURER’S CATALOG NEEDED

614. A shaft for the general-purpose gear-reduction unit described in 489 has radial
bearing reactions of RC = 613 lb and RD = 1629 lb ; n = 250 rpm . Assume that
the unit will be fully utilized for at least 8 hr./day, with the likelihood of the same
uses involving minor shock. (a) Select ball bearings for this shaft. (b) Select
roller bearings. (c) What is the probability of both bearings C and D surviving for
the design life?

Solution:
3
Problem 489, D = 1 in = 1.375 in
8
Ref: Design of Machine Members, Doughtie and Vallance
Fc = (K a K l )K o K p K s K t Fr
at C. Fr = RC = 613 lb
K t = 1.0
K p = 1 .0
K o = 1.0
Kr Na
Ks = 3
Nc
N a = 250 rpm
N c = 500 rpm
K r = 1.5

Ks = 3
(1.5)(250) = 0.90856
500
K a = 1.0
Ha
Kl = 3
H c K rel
Table 12.1, 8 hr/day, fully utilized, Text
H a = 25,000 hr
H c = 10,000 hr
assume K rel = 1.0 for 90 % reliability
25,000
Kl = 3 = 1.3572
10,000

Page 13 of 17
 SECTION 10 - BALL AND ROLLER BEARINGS

Fc = (K a K l )K o K p K s K t Fr
Fc = (1.0)(1.3572)(1.0)(1.0 )(0.90856)(1.0)(613) = 756 lb
Table 9-7, Doughtie and Vallance,
Two-row spherical Type, No. 207
Bore = 1.3780 in, Fc = 880 lb

At D. Fr = RD = 1629 lb
Fc = (K a K l )K o K p K s K t Fr
Fc = (1.0)(1.3572)(1.0)(1.0 )(0.90856)(1.0)(1629) = 2009 lb
Table 9-7, Doughtie and Vallance,
Two-row spherical Type, No. 407
Bore = 1.3780 in, Fc = 2290 lb

(b) at C, Fc = 756 lb
Table 9.8, Doughtie and Vallance
Use No. 207, Bore = 1.3780 in, Fc = 1540 lb

at C, Fc = 2009 lb
Table 9.8, Doughtie and Vallance
Use No. 307, Bore = 1.3780 in, Fc = 2660 lb

(c) For probability:

(c.1) at C, Bearing No. 207, Two-row spherical bearing, Fc = 880 lb

Fc = 880 lb = (1)K l (1)(1)(0.90856)(1)(613)
K l = 1.58
Ha
Kl = 3
H c K rel
25,000
1.58 = 3
10,000 K rel
K rel = 0.634
Table 9-3, Reference
Probability = 95.8 %

at D, Bearing No. 407, Deep-groove bearing, Fc = 2290 lb

Fc = 2290 lb = (1)K l (1)(1)(0.90856 )(1)(1627 )
K l = 1.547
Ha
Kl = 3
H c K rel

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 SECTION 10 - BALL AND ROLLER BEARINGS

25,000
1.547 = 3
10,000 K rel
K rel = 0.675
Table 9-3, Reference
Probability = 93.3 %

(c.2) at C, Roller Bearing No. 207, Fc = 1540 lb

Fc = 1540 lb = (1)K l (1)(1)(0.90856)(1)(613)
K l = 2.765
Ha
Kl = 3
H c K rel
25,000
2.765 = 3
10,000 K rel
K rel = 0.118
Table 9-3, Reference
Probability = 98.8 %

at D, Roller Bearing No. 407, Fc = 2660 lb

Fc = 2660 lb = (1)K l (1)(1)(0.90856)(1)(1627 )
K l = 1.80
Ha
Kl = 3
H c K rel
25,000
1.80 = 3
10,000 K rel
K rel = 0.43
Table 9-3, Reference
Probability = 95.7 %

615. A shaft similar to that in 478 has the following radial loads on the bearings, left
to right: 803 lb, 988 lb, 84 lb, and 307 lb; no thrust. The minimum shaft diameter
at the bearings are 1.250 in, 1.125 in, 1.000 in, and 1.0625 in. Assume that the
service will not be particularly gentle; intermittently used, with n = 425 rpm . (a)
Select ball bearing for this shaft. (b) Select roller bearings.

Solution:

Ref: Design of Machine Members by Doughtie and Vallance

Fc = (K a K l )K o K p K s K t Fr
K a = 1.0

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 SECTION 10 - BALL AND ROLLER BEARINGS

Ha
Kl = 3
H c K rel
H c = 10,000 hr
Table 12.1, Text, H a = 10,000 hr (intermittent)
90 % reliability, K rel = 1.0
10,000
Kl = 3 = 1 .0
10,000
K o = 1.0
K p = 1 .0
K r = 1.5 assumed
Kr Na
Ks = 3
Nc
N a = 425 rpm
N c = 500 rpm

Ks = 3
(1.5)(425) = 1.0844
500
K t = 1.0

(a) Ball Bearing

(a.1) 803 lb, D = 1.250 in

Fc = (1.0)(1.0)(1.0)(1.0)(1.0844)(1.0)(803) = 870 lb
Table 9-7, Ref.
Two-row spherical type, 207
Fc = 880 lb
Bore = 1.3780 in

(a.2) 988 lb, D = 1.125 in

Fc = (1.0)(1.0)(1.0)(1.0 )(1.0844)(1.0)(988) = 1071 lb

Table 9-7, Ref.
Two-row spherical type, 306
Fc = 1050 lb
Bore = 1.1811 in

(a.3) 84 lb, D = 1.000 in

Fc = (1.0)(1.0)(1.0)(1.0)(1.0844)(1.0)(84) = 91 lb

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 SECTION 10 - BALL AND ROLLER BEARINGS

Table 9-7, Ref.

Deep-groove type, 106
Fc = 544 lb
Bore = 1.1811 in

(a.4) 307 lb, D = 1.0625 in

Fc = (1.0)(1.0)(1.0)(1.0)(1.0844)(1.0)(307 ) = 333 lb
Table 9-7, Ref.
Deep-groove type, 106
Fc = 544 lb
Bore = 1.1811 in

(b) Roller Bearing

(b.1) 803 lb, D = 1.250 in

Fc = 870 lb , Bore = 1.3780 in
use No. 207, Fc = 1540 lb

(b.2) 988 lb, D = 1.125 in

Fc = 1071 lb , Bore = 1.1811 in
use No. 206, Fc = 1320 lb

(b.3) 84 lb, D = 1.000 in

Fc = 91 lb , Bore = 1.1811 in
use No. 206, Fc = 1320 lb

(b.4) 307 lb, D = 1.0625 in

Fc = 333 lb , Bore = 1.1811 in
use No. 206, Fc = 1320 lb

- end -

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