Lecture Material

TIPQC- Mechanical engineering department

June 4, 2020

Machine Design II
(ME 408)

Engr. Zhierwinjay M. Bautista

Name of Faculty

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technological Institute of the Philippines,

Quezon City

Technological Institute of the Philippines

Quezon City
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Flywheel

Technological Institute of the Philippines

Quezon City
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Flywheel

Technological Institute of the Philippines

Quezon City
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Flywheel

Technological Institute of the Philippines

Quezon City
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Flywheel

Technological Institute of the Philippines

Quezon City
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Flywheel

Technological Institute of the Philippines

Quezon City
Department of Mechanical Engineering
 Flywheel

Example:
A 3.5 ft. mean diameter cast-iron flywheel, rotating at   250 rpm, can furnish 750 ft.
lb. of energy for a small rock crushing operation. Calculate the thickness of the
flywheel  rim if the width is kept to a minimum of 5 in. The speed variation is not to
exceed 19% for the crushing operation.  Specific weight of cast-iron is 0.26 lbs./in3.

Technological Institute of the Philippines

Quezon City
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Flywheel
Solution:                    Let (K.E.)i = Initial kinetic energy of the flywheel and
                        (K.E.)f = Kinetic energy after the energy is absorbed.
                        Then the change in kinetic energy δK.E. is,
                                                δK.E. = (K.E.)f – (K.E.)i
                        where             (K.E.)i = (1/2)MVi2 and (K.E.)f = (1/2) MVf2
                                    ∴          δK.E. = (1/2) MVf2 – (1/2) MVi2
                                                            = (1/2) M(Vf2 –Vi2)
                                                            = (1/2) M(Vf + Vi) (Vf – Vi)
                        where the average speed of flywheel Vav = [(Vf + Vi) / 2]. Now, the
                        coefficient of speed regulation 'Cr' is defined as the change of speed per
                        unit average speed. Therefore,
                                                            Cr = [(Vf – Vi) / (Vav)]
                                    ∴            (Vf – Vi) = CrVav
                        Thus,
                                                 δK.E. = (1/2) M(2Vav)(CrVav)
                                                            = MCrVav2
                                    ∴          M = [(δK.E.) / (CrVav2)]

Technological Institute of the Philippines

Quezon City
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Flywheel
Since M = (WR / g) where WR = Total weight of the flywheel rim and
                        g = 32.2 ft./sec2. (Assuming that the total mass of the flywheel is only due
                        to the rim).
                                    ∴          (WR / g) = [(δK.E.) / (CrVav2)]
                                                WR = [{g(δK.E.)} / (CrVav2)]                                                   (1)
                        Given              δK.E. = 750 ft.-lb.
                                                       Cr = 0.19
                                                Vav = [(πDN) / 12] fpm
                        This is the speed with which the belt traverses on the flywheel.
                                            D = Mean diameter of the flywheel
                                                = 3.5 ft. = 42 in.
                                            N = 150 rpm
                                    ∴   Vav = [(π × 42 × 150) / 12] = 1649 fpm
                                                = [(1649) / 60] = 27.5 ft./sec.
                        Substituting the values of Vav, δK.E. and Cr back into eq.(1),
                                                WR = [(32.2 × 750) / {0.19 × (27.5)2}] = 168 lbs.
                              Since the specific weight of cast-iron  = 0.26 [lb / (in3.)]
                            Therefore total volume of flywheel rim  = [(168) / (0.26)]
                                                                                                = 646 lbs.

Technological Institute of the Philippines

Quezon City
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Flywheel
Now,
                                    width of rim WR = 5 in (given)
                                    mean dia. = 3.5 ft. = 42 in.
                        Therefore a tentative thickness of rim, tR is
                                                tR = [(646) / (5 × 42)] = 3 in.
                        This gives outer diameter, Do = 42 + 3 = 45 in. and inner diameter,
                        Di = 42 – 3 = 39 in.
                                     Annular area of rim = (π / 4)[(45)2 – (39)2]
                                                                        = 396 in.2
                        Therefore
                                    Calculated width of the rim = [(646) / (396)] = 1.63 in.
                        This width is much smaller than the width already given. So assuming a
                        thickness tR = 1 in. and trying it
                                                Do = 42 + 1 = 43 in.
                                                Di = 42 – 1 = 41 in.
                                    Annular area = (π / 4)[(43)2 – (41)2]
                                                            = 132 in2.
                        Therefore the calculated width = [(646) / (132)] = 4.89 in.
                                    This width is very near and a little less than the given width, thus
                        the thickness of rim = 1 in. is the best possible value.

Technological Institute of the Philippines

Quezon City
Department of Mechanical Engineering
 11

Thank you !!!

Technological Institute of the Philippines

Quezon City
Department of Mechanical Engineering