1.

How many tons of ice can a 20- TOR ice plant produce in 24 hours at 8 deg F from
raw water at 76 deg F?
Solution:
3.5167 kW 3600 s 1 BTU
M w =M i Ref . Cap .=Q s=20 TOR
1 TOR 1hr (
1.055 kJ )( )( )
BTU
Ref . Cap .=Q s=240 002.2749 Q =M i [ C pw ( t s−t f ) + L+C pi ( t f −t e ) ]
hr s
BTU Mi BTU BTU BTU
240 002.2749
hr
= 1
24 hr lb ∙℉ [
(76−32 ) ℉ +144
lb
+ 0.5
lb∙ ℉
( 32−8 ) ℉ ]
1 ton
M i=28 800.2799 lb ( 2000 lb )
M =14.4 tons
i

2. A mass of ice at – 8 deg C is required to cool 4Mton of vegetables (Cp= 3.35 kJ/kg K)
in a bunker for 4 days. The initial temp of vegetables is 26 deg C and the average
temp inside the bunker in 4 days is 10 deg C. If the heat gain per hr in the bunker is
20% of the heat to be removed from the vegetables, what would be the mass of ice in
kg? (1Mton= 1000 kg)

Solution:
Q i=Q s+ Q g M i C pi ( t f −t i )+ M i L+ M w C pw ( t e −t f ) =Q s +0.2 Q sbut M w =M i
M i [ C pi ( t f −t i ) + L+C pw ( t e −t f ) ]=( 1.2 ) [ M s C ps ( t s−t e ) ]

kJ kJ kJ 4000 kg kJ
{(
M i 2.093
kg ∙ ℃
[ )
0−(−8 ) ] ℃ +335 + 4.187
kg kg ∙ ℃ (
( 10−0 ) ℃ =( 1.2 )
96 hr) 3.35
kg ∙℃ } [(
( 26−10 ) ℃)( )
kg kg
∴ M i =6.81 ∨163.44
hr day

3. An ice plant produces 20 Mtons of ice per day at -12 deg C from water at 26 deg C.
(a) calculate the refrigeration capacity of the plant in tons of refrigeration.
(b) how much volume of cooling medium in cfm must be re-circulated if the change
in temperature is 8 deg C, specific gravity is 1.182 and specific heat is 3.05 kJ/kg 0C.

Solution:
 a)

Ref . Cap=Q s +Qg ; Qg =0Ref . Cap=Q s=M s [ C pa ( t s−t f ) + L+C pb ( t f −t e ) ]

20 000 kg kJ kJ kJ
Ref . Cap=
24 hr [
4.187
kg ∙ K
( 26−0 ) ℃ +335 +2.093
kg kg ∙ K
( 0+ 12 ) ℃ ]
kJ 1 hr 1 TOR
Ref . Cap=390 815 (
hr 3600 s )( 3.5167 kW )
Ref . Cap=30.87 TOR

b)
M s C ps ( t s−t e )=( M C p ∆ T )cooling med .( M =ρV )cooling med . ; ( ρ=S . G . ρ w ) cooling med .

( mkg )=1182 mkg

ρmed . =1.182 1000 3 3

m3 3.28 ft 3
kJ kg kJ
hr (
390 815 = 1182
m ) ( V ) ( 3.05
3
kg ∙℃ )
med ( 8 ℃ )V med =13.55 (
hr 1 m ) ( 601hrmin )
ft 3
V med =7.97
min

4. A 40-TOR, ammonia ice plant operates on a simple saturation cycle with the
following temperatures: condensing temp = 35 0C and evaporating temp = - 15 0C. It
produces tons of ice per day at – 6 0C from water with raw temperature of 25 0C. Draw
the cycle on PH plane and determine:
(a) The tons of ice it can produce in one day at – 8 deg C if the raw temperature of
water is 28 deg C.
(b) COP

Solution:
( a ) Ref . Cap .=40TOR ( 3.5167 kW 3600 s
1TOR )( 1 hr )
=506 404.8
kJ
hr
Ref . Cap=Q s=M i [ C pw ( t s−t f ) + L+C pi ( t f −t e ) ]
kJ Mi kJ kJ kJ
506 404.8 =
hr 24 hr
4.187[kg ∙ K
( 28−0 ) ℃ +335 +2.093
kg kg ∙ K
( 0+ 8 ) ℃ ]
tons
M i=25 915.21003 kg ( 2.205
1 kg
lb
)( 1 ton
2000 lb ) M =28.57
i
day

( b ) Ideal COP for cooling

Q A h1 −h4 kJ
Ideal COP= = where :h1=hg at −15 ℃=1443.9
TP h 2−h1 kg
kJ kJ
h2 ≅ 17 07 using diagram for superheated ammonia vaporh 4=h 3=h f at 35 ℃=366.072
kg kg
kJ kJ
Ideal COP=
h −h
=
(1
1443.9 )−( 366.072 )
4 kg kg
Ideal COP=4.1
h −h kJ kJ
2
(17 0 7 kg )−(1443.9 kg )
1