CE 433, Fall 2006 Slab Design Example 1/6

Design a one-way slab for an exterior bay of a multi-story office building using the
information specified below.

Exterior Span Interior Span Exterior Span

Spacing
Beam
Spacing
Beam

span
slab
Spacing
Beam
Spacing
Beam

Lbeam Lbeam Lbeam

Plan View of Floor System

Assume partitions will not be damaged by deflections. Round slab thickness up to the nearest
¼”.
wSD = 20 psf span = 80 ft
wLL = 80 psf beam spacing = 16 ft

f'c = 4000 psi t_stab = ?

fy = 60,000 psi
b_w of beam = 16 in
CE 433, Fall 2006 Slab Design Example 2/6

1) Slab Thickness, t.
Use ACI Table 9.5(a): hmin = L / 28,
L = distance from center of support to center of support = beam spacing = 16 ft
hmin = (16’ x 12”/’) / 28 = 6.857 “, use h = 7.0”

2) Design Flexure Reinforcement at each Section

- - - - - - - - - - - - - Section @ Midspan - - - - - - - - - -
2.1 Flexural Strength
2.1.1 Mu
ACI moment coefficient = 16 (ACI 8.3.3)
ln2
M u = wu
16
wu = 1.2 ( wself + wSD ) + 1.6 w L
12" 7"
wself = (0.150kcf )( )( ) = 0.0875 klf
12" /' 12" /'
wu = 1.2[0.0875klf + (0.02 ksf )(1' )] + 1.6 (0.08ksf )(1' ), wu = 0.257 klf
16"
ln = clear span = beam spacing − bw of beam = 16'− = 14.67 ft
12" / 1
(14.67' ) 2
M u = (0.257 klf ) , M u = 3.46k − ft
16

2.1.2 As for φ Mn > Mu

Using spreadsheet, can use:
#4 @ 18”, As = 0.133 in2 / ft
#3 @ 9”, As = 0.147 in2 / ft
Use #3 @ 9” (better distribution), As = 0.147 in2 / ft

Calc. φ Mn
dmax = 7” – (0.75” + ½(3”/8)) = 6.06”, use d = 6.0”

ΣFH = 0, C = T
0.85 f’c a b = As fy , Assume steel yields
0.85 (4 ksi) a (12”) = (0.147 in2) (60 ksi), a = 0.216”
CE 433, Fall 2006 Slab Design Example 3/6

0.003 ε s + 0.003
=
yt d
0.003 ε s + .003 εs = 0.0678
=
0.216" 6.0"
0.85
Therefore:
• Steel has yielded (εs > εy = 0.002)
• φ = 0.90 (et > 0.005)

φ Mn = φ As fy (d – a/2) = (0.90)(0.147 in2)(60 ksi) [ (6.0” – 0.216”/2)] 1’/12”

φ Mn = 3.89 k-ft
φ Mn = 3.89 k-ft > 3.46 k-ft = Mu, OK

2.2 Check for Ductile Failure

Under-reinforced if As < As_min
As_min = 0.0018 b h (ACI 7.12.2.1)
As_min = 0.0018 (12”)(7”), As_min = 0.151 in2

As = 0.147 in2 < 0.151 in2 = As_min , NG Use #3 @ 8”, As = 0.165 in2

Over-reinforced if εt < 0.004 (ACI 10.3.5)

Re-compute εt since As has changed
0.003 ε t + 0.003
=
yy d
a : 0.85 f c'ab = As f y
0.85 (4ksi ) a (12in ) = (0.165 in 2 )(60ksi ), a = 0.243 in
0.003 ε t + 0.003
= , ε t = 0.0600
0.243 6 in
0.85
εt = 0.0600 > 0.004, OK

2.3 Check Distribution of Reinforcement

max spacing = min[ 3h, 18” ] ACI 7.12.2.2
max spacing = min[ 3 x 7”, 18”] = 18”
spacing = 8” < 18”, OK
CE 433, Fall 2006 Slab Design Example 4/6

- - - - - - - - - - - - - Section @ Ext. Face of 1st Interior Support - - - - - - - - - -

2.1 Flexural Strength
2.1.1 Mu
ln2 klf (14.67' )
2
M u = wu = (0.257 ) Mu = 5.53 k-ft
10 10

2.1.2 As for φ Mn > Mu

Carry ½ of mid-span reinforcement full length of beam and through supports
As’: ½ of #3 @ 8” = #3 @ 16”, As’ = 0.083 in2 / ft
Using spreadsheet, can use:
#5 @ 18”, As = 0.207 in2 / ft
#3 @ 6”, As = 0.220 in2 / ft
Use #3 @ 6” (better distribution), As = 0.220 in2 / ft

Calc. φ Mn
dmax = 7” – (0.75” + ½(3”/8)) = 6.06”, use d = 6.0”
d’ = 0.75” + ½(3/8 in) = 0.9378” use d’ = 1.0”

from spreadsheet: yt = 0.381”

a = b1 yt = 0.85 (0.381”) a = 0.329”

0.003 ε s + 0.003
=
yt d
εs = 0.0442
0.003 ε s + .003
=
0.381" 6.0"
Therefore:
• Steel has yielded (εs > εy = 0.002)
• φ = 0.90 (es > 0.005)
0.003 ε s'
=
yt yt − d '
0.003 ε s'
= , ε s' = 0.00487
0.381" 0.381"−1.0"
d’
εs’ = y0.00415
t

Note: since d’ > yt , top steel is in tension

CE 433, Fall 2006 Slab Design Example 5/6

fs’ = es’ Es = (0.00487)(29,000 ksi) = 141 ksi > 60 ksi, use fs’ = 60 ksi
Cs = As’ fs’ = (0.083 in2)(60 ksi) Cs = 4.98 k

φ Mn = φ [As fy (d – a/2) + Cs(d’ – a/2)]= 0.90[(0.220 in2)(60 ksi)(6.0” – 0.446”/2)

+ (4.98k)(1.0” – 0.446”/2)] 1’/12” φ Mn = 6.01 k-ft

φ Mn = 6.01 k-ft > 5.53 k-ft = Mu, OK

2.2 Check for Ductile Failure

Under-reinforced if As < As_min
As_min = 0.0018 b h (ACI 7.12.2.1)
As_min = 0.0018 (12”)(7”) = 0.151 in2
As = 0.220 in2 < 0.151 in2 = As_min , OK

Over-reinforced if εt < 0.004 (ACI 10.3.5) εt = 0.0372 > 0.004, OK

2.3 Check Distribution of Reinforcement

max spacing = min[ 3h, 18” ] ACI 7.12.2.2
max spacing = min[ 3 x 7”, 18”] = 18”
spacing = 8” < 18”, OK

3. Temperature & Shrinkage Reinforcement

As_temp = 0.151 in2 (= As_min from pg 3/6)
max spacing = 18” Use #3 @ 8” (As = 0.165 in2) for Temp. & Shrink. Steel
(transverse to the flexural steel)

Sketch of Elevation View on following page.