(1)

Siting, forecasting and regional assessment

(2) Temperature, pressure, density, moisture, two horizontal velocity
components, and vertical velocity (all function of time and position)

(3) First law of thermodynamics, three components of newton’s second law and
continuity equation for mass and water substance.

(4) First law of thermodynamics (law of conservation of energy) states that energy
of an isolated system is constant and cannot be created or destroy but can be
transferred or transform into different form. The relates changes in internal energy
to heat added to a system and the work done by a system

(5) This is the equation that combines equation of motion, pressure gradient
acceleration (PGA), Gravitational, friction –(corolis + centrifugal). It shows the
relationship between pressure, temperature, density and velocity of a fluid in
motion.

(6) (f*a) inside = (f*a) outside. Which means flow rate that goes inside must equal
to the flow ate that comes out of a system.

(7) Macro scale (planetary), Synoptic Scale, Meso scale, Micro scale

(8) Because when the earth rotates to the east, the wind blowing in the northern
hemisphere deflects to the right. Formula: (-2Ω*V)

(9) In the synoptic the wind flow is parallel to the isobars, with the high pressure to
the right of the flow in the northern hemisphere, and the high pressure to the left in
the southern hemisphere.

(10) Hydrostatic balance: when pressure gradient force is equally balanced with
gravitational force. This means that atmosphere is in a stable striation and no
vertical movement.
(11) Cyclone & anti-cyclone, air masses and frontal boundaries

(12) Statistical distribution of wind speed is well approximated by the weibull
function. Yes the parameter (A &K) are function of height / roughness.

(13) Wind Atlas: Method created such that a user, having specified the roughness
classes in each of eight direction sectors (N, NE, . . . , NW), could use the tables and
graphs in the Atlas to calculate the distribution function of the wind at the desired
height.

(14) ABL: the bottom layer of the troposphere that’s in contact with the surface. Day
time: 1-2km, night time: 200m
(15) Weather is the totality of atmospheric conditions at any particular place and
time- the instantaneous state of the atmosphere and especially those elements of it
which directly affect living things. Climate: The sum total of the weather
experienced at a place in the course of the year and over the years.

(16) Non laminar flow of the wind, which is enhances by fluxes and can also
enhance fluxes. Turbulence Intensity: dv/V*100

(17) (v1/v2)=(z1/z2)^m

(18) Neutral= U(z1)/U(z2)=(z1/z2)^p
Unstable=u/k[ln(z/z0)+ y)
Stable=u/k[ln(z/z0)- y) Note: y, is a stability –dependent function

(19) Geostrophic drag law: Relation between the surface friction velocity and the
geostrophic wind, with the roughness length and coriolis force as parameters.
G= (u/k) √[ln(u/fZ0)-A)^2+B)

(20) It is same as geostrophic drag law but its used to determine the frictional
velocity from the logarithmic profile