Simulation of Rotations of A Hybrid Qubit Tuned by An External Field

SIMULATION OF ROTATIONS OF A
HYBRID QUBIT TUNED BY AN

EXTERNAL FIELD
David Rincón
1 Universidad
Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia
Grupo de Física Teórica y Computacional
Tunja
December 28, 2018

Content
David Rincón
1 Introduction
Introduction
Quantum computing
Quantum computing
Hybrid qubit
Description of the
system
2 Hybrid qubit
Hamiltonian of the
system
Description of the system
Qubit
singlete-singlete Hamiltonian of the system
Control for a single
Qubit Qubit singlete-singlete
Operation times
CNOT
Control for a single Qubit
quantum gate
Vertical configuration
Operation times
for two
Singlet-Singlete
qubits
3 CNOT quantum gate
Conclusions
Vertical configuration for two Singlet-Singlete qubits
4 Conclusions
Classical and quantum computing
David Rincón
Introduction
Quantum computing
Hybrid qubit
Description of the
system
Hamiltonian of the
system
Qubit
singlete-singlete
Qubit
Operation times
CNOT
quantum gate
for two
Singlet-Singlete
qubits
Conclusions
Requirements
David Rincón
Introduction
Quantum computing
Hybrid qubit
• A scalable physical system with well-characterized
Description of the
system
quantum bits.
Hamiltonian of the
system
Qubit
• The ability to initialize the state of each qubit in a simple
singlete-singlete
initial state.
Qubit
Operation times • Large coherence times.
CNOT
quantum gate • A universal set of quantum gates (single gates and two
for two
Singlet-Singlete
qubit gates).
qubits
Conclusions
• A measurement capability.
Types of qubits
David Rincón
Introduction
Quantum computing
Hybrid qubit
Description of the
system
Hamiltonian of the • Photon polarization
system
Qubit
singlete-singlete • Atomic two levels
Qubit
Operation times
• Electron spin
CNOT
quantum gate
• Charge position
for two
Singlet-Singlete
qubits
Conclusions
Bloch sphere
David Rincón
Introduction
This sphere is also called the unit sphere, which provides a
Quantum computing useful mechanism to visualize the state of a single qubit.
Hybrid qubit
Description of the
system
Hamiltonian of the
system
Qubit
singlete-singlete
Qubit
Operation times
CNOT
quantum gate
for two
Singlet-Singlete
qubits
Conclusions
Quantum gates
David Rincón
Introduction
Quantum computing
Hybrid qubit
Description of the
system
Hamiltonian of the
system
Qubit
• Hadamard
singlete-singlete
Qubit
Operation times
CNOT
quantum gate
for two
Singlet-Singlete • CNOT
qubits
Conclusions
David Rincón
Introduction
Quantum computing • Hybrid qubit
Hybrid qubit
Description of the
system
Hamiltonian of the
system
Qubit
singlete-singlete
Qubit
Operation times
CNOT
quantum gate
for two
Singlet-Singlete
qubits
Conclusions
David Rincón
Introduction
Quantum computing
Hybrid qubit
Description of the
system
Hamiltonian of the
system
Qubit
singlete-singlete
Qubit
Operation times
CNOT
quantum gate
for two
Singlet-Singlete
qubits
Conclusions
J. R. Petta et al., Science 309, 2180, 2005

David Rincón
Introduction
Quantum computing
Hybrid qubit
Description of the
system
Hamiltonian of the
system
Qubit
singlete-singlete
Qubit
Operation times
CNOT
quantum gate
for two
Singlet-Singlete
qubits
Conclusions
Ronald Hanson and Guido Burkard, PRL 98, 050502, 2007
David Rincón
Introduction
Quantum computing
Hybrid qubit
Description of the
system
Hamiltonian of the
system
Qubit
singlete-singlete
Qubit
Operation times
CNOT
quantum gate
Vertical configuration (a) (b)
for two
Singlet-Singlete
qubits
Figure 1: Critical points of operation.
Conclusions
Aguilar L., Tesis de pregrado, 2018

Experimental realization of the hybrid qubit
David Rincón
Schematic of InAs island formation on GaAs surface by
Introduction
Quantum computing
Stranski-Krastanow growth.
Hybrid qubit
Description of the
system
Hamiltonian of the
system
Qubit
singlete-singlete
Qubit
Operation times
CNOT
quantum gate
for two
Singlet-Singlete
qubits
Conclusions
Khalil Ebrahim Jasim, Quantum dots solar cells, 2015

Vertical molecule of quantum dots
David Rincón
The most common manufacturing process of vertical QDM
is based on self-assembly techniques, separated by an epi-
Introduction
Quantum computing
taxial intermediate layer of another material that acts as a
Hybrid qubit potential barrier for tunneling.
Description of the
system
Hamiltonian of the
system
Qubit
singlete-singlete
Qubit
Operation times
CNOT
quantum gate
for two
Singlet-Singlete
qubits
Conclusions
Charge configurations
David Rincón
Introduction
Quantum computing
Hybrid qubit
Description of the
system
Hamiltonian of the
system
Qubit
singlete-singlete
Qubit
Operation times
CNOT
quantum gate
for two
Singlet-Singlete
qubits
Conclusions (a) (b)
Figure 2: (a)(2,0). (b)(1,1).

Charge and spin configuration for each state of
the basis
David Rincón
Introduction
Quantum computing
Hybrid qubit
Description of the
system
Hamiltonian of the
system
Qubit (a) (b) (c)
singlete-singlete
Qubit
Operation times
CNOT
quantum gate
for two
Singlet-Singlete
qubits
(d) (e)
Conclusions
Figure 3: (a)|S li (2, 0), (b)|T+ i (1, 1), (c)|T− i (1, 1), (d) |S ↔i
(1, 1), (e)|T0 i (1, 1).
Eigenstates
David Rincón
Introduction
Quantum computing
Hybrid qubit
Description of the
system | ↑1 i| ↓2 i − | ↑2 i| ↓1 i
Hamiltonian of the
system
|S li = (|T i|T i) √ ,
Qubit 2
singlete-singlete
Qubit
Operation times
|Bi|T i + |T i|Bi | ↑1 i| ↓2 i − | ↑2 i| ↓1 i
CNOT
quantum gate
|S ↔i = √ √ ,
2 2
for two
Singlet-Singlete
qubits
Conclusions
Eigenstates
David Rincón
Introduction
Quantum computing

Hybrid qubit |Bi|T i − |T i|Bi
Description of the |T+ i = √ (| ↑1 i| ↑2 i) ,
system
Hamiltonian of the
2
system

Qubit
singlete-singlete |Bi|T i − |T i|Bi
Control for a single |T− i = √ (| ↓1 i| ↓2 i) ,
Qubit
Operation times
2
CNOT
quantum gate
|Bi|T i − |T i|Bi | ↑1 i| ↓2 i + | ↑2 i| ↓1 i
for two
Singlet-Singlete |T0 i = √ √ .
qubits
2 2
Conclusions
Hamiltonian of confinement
David Rincón
Introduction
Quantum computing
The Hamiltonian that describes the confinement of two elec-
Hybrid qubit trons under magnetic field interaction is given by
Description of the
system
Hamiltonian of the
system
Qubit 2 2
singlete-singlete
X 1 2
X
Control for a single H
b Conf = (p(ri ) + eA(ri )) + VConf (xi , yi , zi ) ,
Qubit
2m∗
Operation times
i=1 i=1
CNOT
quantum gate
where V is the confinement potential of harmonic type
for two
Singlet-Singlete
qubits
1 ∗h 2 2 i
Conclusions VConf (x, y , z) = m ω0 x + y 2 + ωz2 z 2 .
2
Hamiltonian of confinement
David Rincón
Introduction
Quantum computing Due to the axial symmetry, the energy of the base state of
Hybrid qubit
Description of the
the system is
system
Hamiltonian of the
system 1
Qubit n,m,q = ~ωh + ~ωz ,
singlete-singlete
2
Qubit
Operation times where the hybridized frequency and the cyclotron frequency
CNOT
quantum gate
are given by
for two
Singlet-Singlete ωc2 1 eB
qubits
ωh = (ω02 + )2 , ωc = .
Conclusions 4 m
Zeeman effect
David Rincón
Introduction
Quantum computing
A molecule of quantum dots coupled with two interacting
Hybrid qubit
Description of the
electrons in the presence of magnetic field, presents a spec-
system
Hamiltonian of the tral splitting associated to the Zeeman interaction.
system
Qubit
singlete-singlete
Qubit
HZeeman (B) = g∗ µB B
b · S,
b
Operation times
CNOT
quantum gate
Vertical configuration where g∗ is the material gyromagnetic factor (-0.74 for InAs),
for two
Singlet-Singlete
qubits µB is the Bohr magneton, B the magnetic field and S b the
Conclusions projection of the spin of the two electrons.
Tunneling
David Rincón
Introduction
Quantum computing
Hybrid qubit The tunneling term allows the hoppig of the charge carriers
Description of the
system between the QD’s. It is defined as a transfer operator of the
Hamiltonian of the
system form
Qubit
singlete-singlete
Qubit
Operation times
Ĥt = t [|T1 i hB1 | + |B1 i hT1 | + |T2 i hB2 | + |B2 i hT2 |] ,
CNOT
quantum gate
for two
Singlet-Singlete
where 1 and 2 label each electron in the molecule. T and B
qubits
refer to the upper and lower dot.
Conclusions
Coulomb e intercambio
David Rincón
Introduction The value of the direct Coulomb interaction and exchange is

Quantum computing
obtained through
Hybrid qubit
Description of the Z
system
d 6 ~r0 ψ1∗ r~10 ψ2∗ r~20 VCou ψ1 r~10 ψ2 r~20

Hamiltonian of the
system
Qubit
singlete-singlete
Control for a single Z
Qubit
d 6 ~r0 ψ1∗ r~10 ψ2∗ r~20 VCou ψ2 r~10 ψ1 r~20 ,

Operation times
±
CNOT
quantum gate
for two
Singlet-Singlete
qubits
where ψ1 r~10 and ψ2 r~20 are the wave functions of each
Conclusions
electron either in the ground or first excited state of the cou-
pled.
Total hamiltonian of the system
David Rincón
Introduction
Quantum computing
H
bT = H
b COF + V
bC + H
bt + H
bZ .
Hybrid qubit
Description of the
system
Hamiltonian of the
system
the matrix representation of the Hamiltonian is given by
Qubit
singlete-singlete
Qubit  √ 
Operation times
ESl 0 0 0 − 2t
CNOT
0 ET− 0 0 0
 
quantum gate  
H= 0 0 ET0 0 0 .
for two
 
Singlet-Singlete
qubits
0 0 0 ET+ 0
 
Conclusions
 √ 
− 2t 0 0 0 ES↔
Energy spectrum of the system
David Rincón
Introduction
Quantum computing
Hybrid qubit
Description of the
system
Hamiltonian of the
system
Qubit
singlete-singlete
Qubit
Operation times
CNOT
quantum gate
for two
Singlet-Singlete
qubits
Conclusions
Figure 4: The geometric parameters of the quantum dots are

lxT = 18 nm, lyT = 18 nm, lzT = 4.8 nm y lxB = 10 nm, lyB = 10 nm,
lzB = 5.4 nm.
Hamiltonian for |S li,|S ↔i
David Rincón
|S li ≡ |0i |S ↔i ≡ |1i
Introduction
Quantum computing
Hybrid qubit
Description of the √ !
system
ESl − 2t
Hamiltonian of the
system H= √ ,
Qubit
singlete-singlete
− 2t ES↔
Qubit
Operation times
CNOT with − ∆E
2 for |S li and
∆E
2 for |S ↔i
quantum gate
for two
Singlet-Singlete
qubits
Conclusions
√
1 −∆E −2 2t
H= √ .
2 −2 2t ∆E
The initial vector
The initial vector of the qubit is prepared as a superposition

David Rincón
of the states |S li ≡ |0i and |S ↔i ≡ |1i
Introduction
Quantum computing
Hybrid qubit
Description of the
system
Hamiltonian of the
system
Qubit
singlete-singlete
Qubit
Operation times
CNOT
quantum gate
for two
Singlet-Singlete
qubits
Conclusions
David Rincón
√
Introduction cos θ sen θ −∆E
√ −2 2t
Quantum computing = .
Hybrid qubit
sen θ −cos θ −2 2t ∆E
Description of the
system
Hamiltonian of the
system The angle is obtained with respect to the z axis, it allows us
Qubit
singlete-singlete
to obtain the axes of rotation in the Bloch sphere.
Qubit
Operation times
CNOT
√ !
quantum gate 2 2t
Vertical configuration θ = arctan .
for two
Singlet-Singlete
∆E
qubits
Conclusions
√ √
∆E > 2 2t ∆E << 2 2t
0◦ < θ < 45◦ θ ∼ 90◦
Energy spectrum |S li, |S ↔i
David Rincón
Introduction
Quantum computing
Hybrid qubit
Description of the
system
Hamiltonian of the
system
Qubit
singlete-singlete
Qubit
Operation times
CNOT
quantum gate
for two
Singlet-Singlete
qubits
Conclusions
Figure 5: The geometric parameters are lxT = 20 nm, lyT = 20 nm,
lzT = 6 nm y lxB = 12 nm, lyB = 12 nm, lzB = 6.6 nm.
Energy spectrum |S li, |S ↔i
David Rincón
Introduction
Quantum computing
Hybrid qubit
Description of the
system
Hamiltonian of the
system
Qubit
singlete-singlete
Qubit
Operation times
CNOT
quantum gate
for two
Singlet-Singlete
qubits
Conclusions
Figure 6: The geometric parameters are lxT = 30 nm, lyT = 30 nm,
lzT = 4.8 nm y lxB = 12 nm, lyB = 12 nm, lzB = 5.4 nm.
Arbitrary axis
David Rincón
Introduction
Quantum computing
Hybrid qubit
Description of the
system
Hamiltonian of the
system
Distancia QD’s Posición QD Altura Diámetro Ángulo
Qubit
Top 6.0nm 20nm
singlete-singlete
30.22◦
Qubit Bottom 6.6nm 12nm
Operation times 15nm
Top 4.8nm 30nm
CNOT 40.19◦
quantum gate Bottom 5.4nm 12nm
for two
Singlet-Singlete
qubits Aguilar L., Tesis de pregrado, 2018
Conclusions
Orthogonal axis
David Rincón
Introduction
Quantum computing
Hybrid qubit
Description of the
system anti-cruce Posición QD Altura Diámetro Ángulo
Hamiltonian of the
system
Qubit
3.65 T Top 6.0nm 20nm
singlete-singlete
Bottom 6.6nm 12nm
Qubit 90◦
Operation times 1.58 T Top 4.8nm 30nm
CNOT Bottom 5.4nm 12nm
quantum gate
for two
Singlet-Singlete
Aguilar L., Tesis de pregrado, 2018
qubits
Conclusions
Sequence of rotations
David Rincón
Introduction
Quantum computing
Hybrid qubit
Description of the
system
Hamiltonian of the
system
Qubit
singlete-singlete
Qubit
Operation times
CNOT
quantum gate
for two
Singlet-Singlete
qubits
Conclusions
Sequence of rotations
David Rincón
The sequence of rotations is given by
Introduction
Quantum computing
Hybrid qubit Rz (γ) = Rθ (α)Rx (χ)Rθ (α),

Description of the
system
Hamiltonian of the
system
with
Qubit
singlete-singlete
Qubit
cos α2 + isen α2 sen θ −isen α2 cos θ

Operation times
Rθ (α) = α ,
CNOT
quantum gate
−isen 2 cos θ cos α2 − isen α2 sen θ
for two
cos χ2 + isen χ2
Singlet-Singlete  
qubits
0
Conclusions
Rx (χ) =  0 cos χ2 − isen χ2  .
David Rincón
Introduction
 q 
Quantum computing cos γ2 1 − tan2 θsen2 γ
2 − sen2 θsen2 γ
2
Hybrid qubit α = arccos  ,
Description of the
system
cos2 γ2 cos2 θsen2 γ
2
Hamiltonian of the
system
Qubit
singlete-singlete
sen αsen θ
χ = −2 arctan α α .
Qubit
Operation times cos 2 + cos 2θsen2
2
2
CNOT
quantum gate
for two Results of α and χ for γ = π
Singlet-Singlete
qubits
Conclusions θ α χ
30.22◦ 109.833◦ −71.50739◦
40.19◦ 135.530874◦ −115.2940053◦
David Rincón
Introduction
Quantum computing
(rx )2 V + |r |2 C rx ry V − S|r |rz rx rz V + S|r |ry

 
Hybrid qubit
Description of the 1
system
Rr ,φ = 2  rx ry V + S|r |rz (ry )2 V + |r |2 C ry rz V − S|r |rx 
Hamiltonian of the
|r |
rx rz V − S|r |ry ry rz V + S|r |rx (rz )2 V + |r |2 C
system
Qubit
singlete-singlete
Qubit
Operation times where C = cos φ, S = sen φ and V = 1 − cos φ.
CNOT
quantum gate  
for two 1 0 0
Singlet-Singlete
qubits Rx (θ) =  0 cos θ −sen θ  .
Conclusions
0 sen θ cos θ
David Rincón
Introduction
Quantum computing
Hybrid qubit
Description of the
system
Hamiltonian of the
system
Qubit
singlete-singlete
Qubit
Operation times
CNOT
quantum gate
for two
Singlet-Singlete
qubits
Conclusions (a) (b)
Figure 7: θ = 30.22◦ .
David Rincón
Introduction
Quantum computing
Hybrid qubit
Description of the
system
Hamiltonian of the
system
Qubit
singlete-singlete
Qubit
Operation times
CNOT
quantum gate
for two
Singlet-Singlete
qubits
Conclusions
(a) (b)
Figure 8: θ = 40.19◦ .
Coherence time
David Rincón
Introduction
Quantum computing Thorgrimsson Brandur and Kim Dohun, et.al, APS..MARF52001T,
Hybrid qubit
2017
Description of the
system
T = 1µs
Hamiltonian of the
system
Qubit Jun Yoneda and Kenta Takeda, et.al, Nature Nanotechnologyvol-
singlete-singlete
ume 13, pages102–106, 2018
Qubit
Operation times
T = 1µs
CNOT
quantum gate John M. Nichol and Lucas A. Orona, et.al, npj Quantum Informa-
for two tionvolume 3, Article number: 3 , 2018
Singlet-Singlete
qubits
T = 1µs
Conclusions
Operation times
Considering that the component in the xz plane of the ro-

tated vector behaves as cos β being β = ωτ with ω = a11 −a
David Rincón
~
21
,
Introduction
Quantum computing
where the terms a11 − a21 are the energy eigenvalues,
Hybrid qubit
Description of the
system
Hamiltonian of the
system
Qubit
singlete-singlete
Qubit
Operation times
CNOT
quantum gate
for two
Singlet-Singlete
qubits
Conclusions
David Rincón
Introduction we obtain
Quantum computing
Hybrid qubit
Description of the
system
ωα = 3827.67 GHz,
Hamiltonian of the
system
Qubit
singlete-singlete
Qubit
τα = 1.64152 ps,
Operation times
CNOT
quantum gate
ωχ = 986.399 GHz,
for two
Singlet-Singlete
qubits
Conclusions τχ = 0.00636982 ps,

CNOT singlete-singlete
David Rincón
Introduction
Quantum computing
Hybrid qubit
Description of the
system The CNOT gate works based on two qubits: one is the con-
Hamiltonian of the
system
Qubit
trol that remains intact and the second the target, to which a
singlete-singlete
conditional operation is performed NOT (|0i ↔ |1i)
Qubit
Operation times
CNOT C|XY
b i = |XZ i
quantum gate
for two
Singlet-Singlete
qubits
Conclusions
David Rincón
Introduction
Quantum computing
Hybrid qubit
Description of the
system
Hamiltonian of the
system
Qubit
singlete-singlete
Qubit
Operation times
CNOT
quantum gate
for two
Singlet-Singlete
qubits
(a) (b)
Conclusions
Figure 9: Initial vector of the qubit in |0i or |1i.

David Rincón
Introduction
Quantum computing
Hybrid qubit
Description of the
system
Hamiltonian of the
system
Qubit
singlete-singlete
Qubit
Operation times
CNOT
quantum gate
for two
Singlet-Singlete
qubits
Conclusions
David Rincón
Introduction
Quantum computing
Hybrid qubit
Description of the
system
Hamiltonian of the
system
Qubit
singlete-singlete
Qubit
Operation times
CNOT
quantum gate
for two
Singlet-Singlete (a) (b)
qubits
Conclusions
Figure 10: Energy spectrum. (a)Control qubit. (b)Target qubit.
David Rincón
Introduction
Quantum computing
Hybrid qubit
Description of the
system
Hamiltonian of the
system
Qubit
singlete-singlete
Qubit
Operation times
CNOT
quantum gate
for two
Singlet-Singlete
qubits
Conclusions
David Rincón
Introduction
Quantum computing
Hybrid qubit
Description of the
system
Hamiltonian of the
system
Qubit
singlete-singlete
Qubit
Operation times
CNOT
quantum gate
for two
qubits
Conclusions
David Rincón
Introduction
Quantum computing
Hybrid qubit
Description of the
system
Hamiltonian of the
system
Qubit
singlete-singlete
Qubit
Operation times
CNOT
quantum gate
for two
Singlet-Singlete
qubits
Conclusions
David Rincón
Introduction
Quantum computing
Hybrid qubit
Description of the
system
Hamiltonian of the
system
Qubit
singlete-singlete
Qubit
Operation times
CNOT
quantum gate
for two
qubits
Conclusions
David Rincón
Introduction
Quantum computing
Hybrid qubit
Description of the
system
Hamiltonian of the
system
Qubit
singlete-singlete
Qubit
Operation times
CNOT
quantum gate
for two
Singlet-Singlete
qubits
Conclusions
David Rincón
Introduction
Quantum computing
Hybrid qubit
Description of the
system
Hamiltonian of the
system
Qubit
singlete-singlete
Qubit
Operation times
CNOT
quantum gate
for two
qubits
Conclusions
David Rincón
Qubit control Qubit control Estado final
|0i |0i |00i
Introduction
Quantum computing
|0i |1i |01i
Hybrid qubit |1i |0i |11i
Description of the
system
Hamiltonian of the
|1i |1i |10i
system
Qubit
singlete-singlete
Table 1: Operation table of a CNOT gate.
Qubit
Operation times
CNOT
quantum gate
Qubit control Qubit objetivo Estado final
for two
|0i |0i |01i
Singlet-Singlete
qubits |0i |1i |00i
Conclusions
|1i |0i |10i
|1i |1i |11i
Table 2: Operation table of the proposed gate
David Rincón
• Explicit sequences were presented for single-qubit
Introduction
Quantum computing rotations on two axes, and a succession of CNOT gate,
Hybrid qubit
Description of the
which completes the set of operations.
system
Hamiltonian of the • The typical periods of rotation are on the picosecond
system
Qubit
singlete-singlete
scale, which are satisfactorily short for assemblies
Qubit
where the coherence time is above the hundreds of
Operation times
picoseconds (typical for this type of systems).
CNOT
quantum gate
• We have proposed a quantum gate with a universal set
for two
Singlet-Singlete of rotations for the qubit |S li-|S ↔i based on an
qubits
Conclusions
artificial molecule, analyzing the spectrum of two
electrons and calculating the effective angle of rotation
of the qubit as a function of the applied magnetic field.
Types of qubit
David Rincón • Photon polarization

Introduction
Quantum computing
Hybrid qubit
Description of the
system
Hamiltonian of the
system
Qubit
singlete-singlete
Qubit
Operation times
CNOT
quantum gate • Atomic two levels
for two
Singlet-Singlete
qubits
Conclusions
Types of qubit
David Rincón • Electron spin

Introduction
Quantum computing
Hybrid qubit
Description of the
system
Hamiltonian of the
system
Qubit
singlete-singlete
• Charge position
Qubit
Operation times
CNOT
quantum gate
for two
Singlet-Singlete
qubits
Conclusions
Energy spectrum of the system
David Rincón
Introduction
Quantum computing
Hybrid qubit
Description of the
system
Hamiltonian of the
system
Qubit
singlete-singlete
Qubit
Operation times
CNOT
quantum gate
for two
Singlet-Singlete
qubits
Conclusions
Figure 14: The geometric parameters of the quantum dots are
lxT = 18 nm, lyT = 18 nm, lzT = 4.8 nm y lxB = 10 nm, lyB = 10 nm,
lzB = 5.4 nm.
David Rincón
Introduction
Quantum computing
Hybrid qubit
Description of the
system
Hamiltonian of the
system
Qubit
singlete-singlete
Qubit
Operation times
CNOT
quantum gate
for two
Singlet-Singlete
qubits
Conclusions
Figure 15: The geometric parameters are lxT = 28 nm, lyT = 28
nm, lzT = 6 nm y lxB = 14 nm, lyB = 14 nm, lzB = 6.6 nm.
David Rincón
Introduction
Quantum computing
Hybrid qubit
Description of the
system
Hamiltonian of the
system
Qubit
singlete-singlete
Qubit
Operation times
CNOT
quantum gate
for two
Singlet-Singlete
qubits
Conclusions
nm, lzT = 4.8 nm y lxB = 10 nm, lyB = 10 nm, lzB = 5.4 nm.
David Rincón
Introduction
Quantum computing
Hybrid qubit
Description of the
system
Hamiltonian of the
system
Qubit
singlete-singlete
Qubit
Operation times
CNOT
quantum gate
for two
Singlet-Singlete
qubits
Conclusions
David Rincón
Introduction
Quantum computing
Hybrid qubit
Description of the
system
Hamiltonian of the
system
cos φ2 − inz sen φ2 (−inx − ny )sen φ2

( −iσ·nφ
Qubit
)
b
singlete-singlete
exp 2 = ,
Qubit (−inx + ny )sen φ2 cos φ2 + inz sen φ2
Operation times
CNOT
quantum gate With the coordinate base θb = cos θcos φ xb + 0yb − sen θ zb.
for two
Singlet-Singlete
qubits
Conclusions
David Rincón
Introduction
Quantum computing
Hybrid qubit
Description of the
system
Hamiltonian of the
system
Qubit
singlete-singlete
Qubit
Operation times
CNOT
quantum gate
for two
Singlet-Singlete
qubits
Conclusions
Ronald Hanson and Guido Burkard, Universal Set of Quantum

Gates for Double-Dot Spin Qubits with Fixed Interdot Coupling,
2007
Hamiltonian
David Rincón
Introduction For defining the qubit, only two states are necessary. Let’s
Quantum computing
consider then the states with spin projection Sz = 0. The
Hybrid qubit
Description of the triplet states |T+ i and |T− i with Sz = ±1 can be decoupled
system →
− →−
Hamiltonian of the
system
from the subspace of Sz = 0 by considering a B ( r i ) (inho-
Qubit
singlete-singlete mogeneous magnetic field) along the z-axis.
Qubit
Operation times  √ 
CNOT ESl 0 − 2t
quantum gate
H= 0 δh (1)
ET0 ,
 
for two √ δh
2
Singlet-Singlete
qubits − 2t 2 ES↔
Conclusions
→
− → − →
− → −
with δh = gµB (hT | B ( r i )|T i − hB| B ( r i )|Bi].
Hamiltonian for |S ↔i, |T0 i
David Rincón
δh

ET0 2
Introduction H= δh . (2)
Quantum computing
2 ES↔
Hybrid qubit
Description of the
system
Hamiltonian of the
system
If we call J to the difference of energy between the states of
Qubit
singlete-singlete
the base, and we choose the zero of energy halfway between
Qubit them
Operation times
CNOT
quantum gate J J
Vertical configuration ET0 = − , ES↔ = . (3)
for two
Singlet-Singlete 2 2
qubits
Conclusions

1 J dh
H= . (4)
2 dh −J
David Rincón Is necessary to obtain two axes in the Bloch sphere; an arbi-
Introduction
trary axis and an orthogonal
Quantum computing
Hybrid qubit
Description of the
system
Hamiltonian of the
system
Qubit
singlete-singlete
Qubit
Operation times
CNOT
quantum gate
for two
Singlet-Singlete
qubits
Conclusions
David Rincón

Introduction cos θ sen θ J dh
Quantum computing = . (5)
sen θ −cos θ dh −J
Hybrid qubit
Description of the
system
Hamiltonian of the
system
Qubit The angle is obtained with respect to the z axis, it allows us
singlete-singlete
Qubit
to obtain the axes of rotation in the Bloch sphere.
Operation times
CNOT
quantum gate δh
Vertical configuration θ = arctan . (6)
for two
Singlet-Singlete J
qubits
Conclusions
dh ≈ J J << dh
0◦ < θ < 45◦ θ ∼ 90◦
Energy spectrum
David Rincón
Introduction
Quantum computing
Hybrid qubit
Description of the
system
Hamiltonian of the
system
Qubit
singlete-singlete
Qubit
Operation times
CNOT
quantum gate
for two
Singlet-Singlete
qubits
Conclusions
Figure 18: Spectra of system energy |S ↔i, |T0 i.
David Rincón
Introduction
Quantum computing
Hybrid qubit
Description of the
system
Hamiltonian of the
system
Qubit
singlete-singlete
Qubit
Operation times
CNOT
quantum gate
for two
Singlet-Singlete
qubits
Conclusions
David Rincón
Introduction
Quantum computing
Hybrid qubit
Description of the
system
Hamiltonian of the
system
Qubit
singlete-singlete
Qubit
Operation times
CNOT
quantum gate
for two
Singlet-Singlete
qubits
Conclusions
David Rincón
Introduction
Quantum computing
Hybrid qubit
Description of the
system
Hamiltonian of the
system
Qubit
singlete-singlete
Qubit
Operation times
CNOT
quantum gate
for two
Singlet-Singlete
qubits
Conclusions
David Rincón
Introduction
Quantum computing
Hybrid qubit
Description of the
system
Hamiltonian of the
system
Qubit
singlete-singlete
Qubit
Operation times
CNOT
quantum gate
for two
Singlet-Singlete
qubits
Conclusions
David Rincón
Introduction
Quantum computing
Hybrid qubit
Description of the
system
Hamiltonian of the
system
Qubit
singlete-singlete
Qubit
Operation times
CNOT
quantum gate
for two
Singlet-Singlete
qubits
Conclusions Figure 23: The geometric parameters are lxT = 23 nm, lyT = 23

Simulation of Rotations of A Hybrid Qubit Tuned by An External Field

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Simulation of Rotations of A Hybrid Qubit Tuned by An External Field

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SIMULATION OF ROTATIONS OF A

HYBRID QUBIT TUNED BY AN

December 28, 2018

J. R. Petta et al., Science 309, 2180, 2005

Aguilar L., Tesis de pregrado, 2018

Khalil Ebrahim Jasim, Quantum dots solar cells, 2015

Conclusions (a) (b)

Figure 2: (a)(2,0). (b)(1,1).

Introduction The value of the direct Coulomb interaction and exchange is

d 6 ~r0 ψ1∗ r~10 ψ2∗ r~20 VCou ψ1 r~10 ψ2 r~20

d 6 ~r0 ψ1∗ r~10 ψ2∗ r~20 VCou ψ2 r~10 ψ1 r~20 ,

Figure 4: The geometric parameters of the quantum dots are

The initial vector of the qubit is prepared as a superposition

Hybrid qubit Rz (γ) = Rθ (α)Rx (χ)Rθ (α),

cos α2 + isen α2 sen θ −isen α2 cos θ

(rx )2 V + |r |2 C rx ry V − S|r |rz rx rz V + S|r |ry

Conclusions (a) (b)

Considering that the component in the xz plane of the ro-

Conclusions τχ = 0.00636982 ps,

Figure 9: Initial vector of the qubit in |0i or |1i.

David Rincón • Photon polarization

David Rincón • Electron spin

cos φ2 − inz sen φ2 (−inx − ny )sen φ2

Ronald Hanson and Guido Burkard, Universal Set of Quantum

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