ELEKTRONIKA DAYA

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ELEKTRONIKA DAYA
Disiplin ilmu yang mempelajari penggunaan
teknologi elektronika dalam konversi energi
(daya) elektrik.

Mengapa energi (daya) elektrik perlu

dikonversikan?
Hampir semua peralatan listrik bekerja
kurang efisien atau tidak bisa bekerja pada
sumber energi (daya) elektrik yang tersedia.
Banyak pembangkit energi (daya) elektrik
nonkonvensional mempunyai bentuk yang
tidak kompatibel dengan sumber energi
(daya) elektrik lainnya.

2
KONVERTER DAYA

3
 KLASIFIKASI KONVERTER DAYA

Konverter DC-ke-DC (Chopper)

Konverter AC-ke-DC (Penyearah)
Konverter DC-ke-AC (Inverter)
Konverter AC-ke-AC (Cycloconverter/Matrix)

4
KONVERTER SINYAL DAN DAYA

Efficiency is the key

5
REGULATOR TEGANGAN

Efficiency is very low

No ripples on the input and output sides
6
 SWITCHING REGULATOR

Ts
Ii Vi
Io
Vo TON

Vi Vo Load
Io
0

Ii
0

Efficiency is very high T

Vo  ON Vi
Ripples on the input and output sides Ts

7
LINEAR AND SWITCHING
POWER SUPPLIES

Linear

Switching

8
SWITCHING MODE POWER
SUPPLIES
Advantages:
High efficient and small size
DC filter capacitor is working at high
voltage (Energy stored is high)
The reactive component requirements are
small.
Disadvantages:
Control is more complicated
EMC problems

9
POWER SUPPLY COMPARISON

Power Density Efficiency

Linear Power <0.12 W/cm3 <40%

Supply

SMPS 6W/cm3 >95%

10
POWER ELECTRONIC APPLICATIONS
IN POWER GENERATION
Excitation system
Automatic Voltage Regulator
Variable Speed Power Generation (Hydro, Wind, Microturbine
gas)
Power Conditioners for Renewable Power Generation (Fuel
cells, solar cells)
Energy Storage

11
EXCITATION SYSTEM IN BRUSHLESS
AC GENERATOR

12
RENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEM

13
ROTE ISLAND HYBRID POWER
SYSTEM

14
POWER ELECTRONIC APPLICATIONS IN
POWER TRANSMISSION
High-Voltage Direct Current Transmission
Static VAR Compensators
Series Compensation
Phase Shifters
Dynamic Braking
Flexible AC Transmission System
High-Speed Circuit Breakers

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STATIC VAR COMPENSATOR

Improving power factor

Reducing voltage drop and losses
Increasing maximum power transfer
Improving damping factor

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HVDC TRANSMISSION
SYSTEM

Asynchronous links
Suitable for long distance transmission
and underground cable transmission
Improving damping factor

17
POWER ELECTRONIC APPLICATIONS IN
POWER DISTRIBUTION
Static VAR Compensators
Power Conditioners
Active Filters
Unified Power Conditioners
Dynamic Voltage Restorers
High-Speed Circuit Breakers
Light High-Voltage Direct-Current
Distribution
Power conditioners for distributed power
generation

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ACTIVE FILTER

19
POWER ELECTRONIC APPLICATIONS IN
TRANSPORTATION
High-Speed Trains
INDUSTRIES
Electric vehicles
Elevators
Airplanes
Ships
Unmanned vehicles

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PWM INVERTER FOR
ELECTRIC TRACTION

P. A. DAHONO -- ELEKTRONIKA DAYA 21

SHINKANSEN

P. A. DAHONO -- ELEKTRONIKA DAYA 22

ELECTRIC TRACTION

P. A. DAHONO -- ELEKTRONIKA DAYA 23

ELECTRIC TRACTION

P. A. DAHONO -- ELEKTRONIKA DAYA 24

DIESEL ELECTRIC LOCOMOTIVE

P. A. DAHONO -- ELEKTRONIKA DAYA 25

TOYOTA PRIUS

P. A. DAHONO -- ELEKTRONIKA DAYA 26

FORD ESCAPE

P. A. DAHONO -- ELEKTRONIKA DAYA 27

TOYOTA SIENA

P. A. DAHONO -- ELEKTRONIKA DAYA 28

HONDA ACCORD

P. A. DAHONO -- ELEKTRONIKA DAYA 29

HYBRID VEHICLES

parallel

Split

Series

P. A. DAHONO -- ELEKTRONIKA DAYA 30

POWER ELECTRONIC APPLICATIONS IN
INDUSTRIES
Rolling mills
Variable speed pump systems
Cement kilns
Rolling ball mills
Robotics
Electrolysis

P. A. DAHONO -- ELEKTRONIKA DAYA 31

VARIABLE SPEED DRIVE
APPLICATIONS FLOW
REFERENCE

SET-POINT
CONTROLLER
MOTORIZED
VALVE

STARTER

SENSOR
MOTOR

Fixed Speed PUMP

FLOW
REFERENCE

SET-POINT
CONTROLLER

VSD MOTOR
SENSOR

PUMP

CONTROLLER

P. A. DAHONO -- ELEKTRONIKA DAYA 32

VARIABLE SPEED DRIVES

P. A. DAHONO -- ELEKTRONIKA DAYA 33

VARIABLE SPEED PUMPING SYSTEM

80
VALVE OPERATION
WITH STANDARD
70
EFFICIENTMOTOR

60

50

INPUT KW
40 ADJUSTABLE SPEED
OPERATION WITH
ENERGY EFFICIENT MOTOR
30

20

10

0
500 700 900 1100 1300 1500 1700

FLOW (GPM)

P. A. DAHONO -- ELEKTRONIKA DAYA 34

POWER ELECTRONIC APPLICATIONS IN
HOME APPLIANCES
Microwave heating
Air conditioners
Refrigerators
Toasters
Cookers
Vacuum cleaners
Wash machines

P. A. DAHONO -- ELEKTRONIKA DAYA 35

POWER ELECTRONIC APPLICATIONS IN
INFORMATION
DC power supplies
INDUSTRIES
Distributed power supplies
Power conditioners
Uninterruptible power supplies
Battery chargers
Voltage Regulator Modules

P. A. DAHONO -- ELEKTRONIKA DAYA 36

IS POWER ELECTRONICS NEW
TECHNOLOGY?
Power electronics have been developed since
the beginning of 20th century when mercury arc
and vacuum tubes technology was emerged.
Power conversion has been known for a long
time by using a combination of electrical
machinery.
Power electronics development has grown very
fast since the introduction of thyristor or SCR
(Semiconductor controlled rectifier) in nineteen
fifties.

P. A. DAHONO -- ELEKTRONIKA DAYA 37

INTERDICIPLINARY NATURE OF
POWER ELECTRONICS

P. A. DAHONO -- ELEKTRONIKA DAYA 38

CURRENT CHALLENGES
Voltage regulator modules for
microprocessors
Embedded inverter for motor drives
Intelligent power ICs
Flexible AC power transmission systems
Custom power distribution system
Unified power conditioners
Renewable energy power generation system

P. A. DAHONO -- ELEKTRONIKA DAYA 39

MICROPROCESSOR OPERATING
VOLTAGES

P. A. DAHONO -- ELEKTRONIKA DAYA 40

LAPTOP POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM

P. A. DAHONO -- ELEKTRONIKA DAYA 41

MATRIKS SAKLAR

S1 S3

Vi u Load v

S2 S4

P. A. DAHONO -- ELEKTRONIKA DAYA 42

PENYEARAH TAK TERKENDALI

Vi

S1 S3

Vi S1
u Load v
S2

S2 S4
S3

S4

v uv

P. A. DAHONO -- ELEKTRONIKA DAYA 43

PENYEARAH TERKENDALI

Vi

S1
S1 S3
S2

Vi u v
Load S3

S4
S2 S4

v uv

P. A. DAHONO -- ELEKTRONIKA DAYA 44

AC REGULATOR

S1 S3

Vi u v
Load

S2 S4

P. A. DAHONO -- ELEKTRONIKA DAYA 45

PHASE-CONTROLLED AC-AC
CYCLOCONVERTER
S1 S3


ei Beban vo

S2 S4

P. A. DAHONO -- ELEKTRONIKA DAYA 46

KONVERTER DC-KE-DC

Vi

S1 S3
S1

Vi u v
Load S2

S3

S2 S4
S4

v uv

P. A. DAHONO -- ELEKTRONIKA DAYA 47

INVERTER PWM

Vi

S1 S3
S1

S2
Vi u v
Load
S3

S4

S2 S4

v uv

P. A. DAHONO -- ELEKTRONIKA DAYA 48

UNDERSTANDING POWER
ELECTRONIC
Consider all powerCIRCUITS
semiconductor
switches as ideal switches
Ideal switches have no voltage drop, no
leakage current, and transition times are
zero.
Practical considerations are given in
detailed design.
Background on signal electronics is useful
to understand power electronics.

P. A. DAHONO -- ELEKTRONIKA DAYA 49

 D
EN
E
TH

P. A. DAHONO -- ELEKTRONIKA DAYA 50