THEORITICAL FRAMEWORK:

Light Coded Security Lock utilizes different colored light rays as a basis for security system. To
assure its security liability, we have integrated multiple security access modules before it will proceed to
the main security module which is the light sensor.

Figure 1 represents the key which we developed. The key has 8 holes which allow the colored
light rays to pass towards LDR’s. It has also copper bar patterns which is the first responsible in the
security system. The combinations of colors in LED’s depend on the pattern of the copper bars on the
key. We store the combinations of patterns of copper bars to the arduino as well as the combination of
the color of LED’s.

Copper Bars

Holes

Figure 1. KeyDesign and Concept

We use the concept of binary system which is used in most ATM’s. We studied the concepts of
ATM systems of how it works and we found out that they use binary system but we use different
material to accomplish the binary system concept. ATM’s has magnetic stripes hidden in the carbon
coating on the ATM card has different magnetic polarities. Example is that the first magnetic stripe has a
polarity of South to North and induces the sensor a one direction current and they coded it as a “0” in
binary or as a high input. The second magnetic stripe has a polarity of the reverse of the first one which
is North to South and it induces a current to the sensor with reverse direction of current to the first one
and they coded it as a “1” in binary system or as a high. So we came to this idea of using binary system
by using different method and materials which is easy to make. So instead of using magnetic stripes, we
use copper bars to execute binary system. We used PCB’s to make a pattern of copper bars that will be
connected to the copper stripes inside the key port.
 Figure 2 shows the Top view design and concept of Key port. It has a wall frame outside to hold
the port and the circuit. The different colors in the circles represent the LED’s. The yellow stripes
represent the copper stripes which will be connected to the copper bars on the key due to its patterns.

It has a two copper stripes which are connected to power supply of the circuit (The positive and
Negative Terminal) which will be a common connection to the key to supply current to the circuit, hence
the circuit is not complete unless the key will be inserted. The rest of the copper stripes are connected
to the Digital I/O in the arduino and we programmed the arduino to read it as an input to collect its
signals. If the first copper stripe will be connected to the to the 5v supply, it then sends a HIGH signal to
the arduino or as a “1” in binary system as well as the rest which are connected. And to the copper
stripes which are not connected to the 5v supply, there signal remains LOW or “0” in the binary system.
Hence we attain the binary coded system.

INPUT

+5v

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KeyPort

Figure 2. Top View Design and Concept Of Key port

 Figure 3 shows the side view design and concept of a key port. It has an LED’s at the bottom of
the port which are placed inside to a tube to avoid scattering of lights and has an LDR sensors at the top
of the LED’s to detect the different wavelengths of the LED’s. As we studied properties of light, different
colors that we saw is just the way our brain can interpret but the fact is that the different colors of light
is the difference of its wavelengths and since wavelength is always inversely proportional to its
frequency, hence we can detect the color frequencies by using LDR and convert the certain frequency at
a certain current in an inverse way which we understands that the higher the frequency of the light, the
shorter its wavelength.

LDR sensors

KeyPort

LED’s

Figure 3. Side View Design and Concept Of Key port

METHODOLOGY:

LDR SENSORS

INPUT

+5v

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