Level I Questions

Visual and Optical Testing Method

1. Steel mill products may have: 6. A jagged, nonintegrally bonded piece of metal that
leaves a depression in another metal after it is
a. st re ss c ra c ks. removed, is called a:
b.die burns.
c.arc drags. a. seam.
d. l a m i n a t i o n s. b. blister. A.549 c.
scab.
d. gouge.
2. A high-intensity source of light may cause an A.549 and 568
inspection problem because:
7. The physical characteristics of color are:
a.it produces excessive glare.
b.it produces considerable heat. a.hue, purity, and brightness.
c.it has a short bulb life. b.wavelength, spectrum, and contrast.
d.the lamp head cannot be adjusted. c.acuity, perception, and distance.
E.54-55 d.none of the above.
C.10-2
3. A common inspection instrument that is used to
visually inspect internal bore surfaces is a: 8. When scale is partially rolled into the surface of a
steel plate it is called:
a.magnifying glass.
b.borescope. a. scabs.
c.phototube. b.rolled-in-scale.
d.microscope. c.pits.
C.11-12 d. tears.
E.226
4. Glare can be reduced on an inspection surface by
using: 9. A valve that provides linear motion during operation
is called:
a.visible light.
b.spectral light. a . a g a t e v a l v e.
c.screens. b . a b a l l v a l v e.
d.polarized light. c.a butterfly valve.
C.10-3 d.all of the above.
D.3PS:4/20
5. A discontinuity associated with metal overflow
during forging is called a: 10. An attachment to a component that is welded, cast,
or forged is called:
a. seam.
b. fl a ke. a.a nonintegral attachment.
c.lap. b.an integral attachment.
d.lamination. c. a r e s t r a i n t .
A.493 d. a clamp.
D.5PS:5/27

7
Visual and Optical Testing Method, Level I

11. Devices that restrict the movement of hanger springs 18. The two major categories of pumps are:
and prevent damage during installation are called:
a.static and friction head.
a . c l i ps. b.dynamic and displacement.
b. t ra ve l st ops. c.single stage and multi-stage.
c.shims. d.turbine and condensate.
d. grout . D.4PS:7/12
D.6PS:16/19
19. A mechanical device that raises, transfers, or
12. The combined static and friction head (vertical pressurizes fluids is:
difference in elevation) is called:
a.a valve.
a.pump head. b.a snubber.
b. t o t a l h e a d . c.an electric motor.
c.brake horse power. d.a pump.
d. m a x i m u m h e a d .
D.4PS:3/12
D.4PS:10/12
20. A discontinuity that is not associated with welds is:
13. Wear due to erosion/corrosion on a valve is typically
found in: a.undercut.
b.overlap.
a. the valve body. c.laminations.
b.the valve seating area. d.underfill.
c. the valve disk.
d. all of the above. D.1PS:7/10
D.3PS 21. During an examination of a groove weld, which of
the following dimensions is normally measured?
14. Which of the following is a type of component a.The root opening.
support? b.Weld reinforcement.
c.Base material thickness.
a.Plate and shell. d.All of the above.
b.Linear.
c.Component support standards.
d. All of the above. D.1PS:6/10
D.5PS:8/27 22. A welding symbol over the reference line refers to:
15. A valve is a mechanical device that: a.the area on the arrow side.
b.the area near the end of the arrow.
a.moves fluids or gases. c.the area opposite of the arrow.
b. controls flow. d. a field weld.
c.is rarely used in a nuclear power plant. D.1PS:4/10
d.is always welded into a system.
D.3PS:3/20 23. A valve that uses linear motion, which is used to
regulate flow, is called a:
16. Devices that limit or allow no motion in one or more a.butterfly valve.
directions are called: b . g l o b e v a l v e.
c.swing check valve.
a.hangers. d . b a l l v a l v e.
b.supports.
c.restraints. D.3PS:4/20
d.clamps.
D.5PS:8/27 24. A device that restricts movement during an abnormal
or seismic event is called a:
17. Bolting failures typically occur at:
a.restraint.
a.the thread root area. b.snubber.
b.the head to shank area. c.hanger.
c.nicks or gouges. d. support.
d.all of the above. D.5PS:8/27
D.2PS

8
 Visual and Optical Testing Method, Level 1

25. A centrifugal pump is classified as: 32. A valve subassembly that is considered to be part of
the pressure vessel assembly is called the:
a . a dyna m i c pum p.
b.a reciprocating pump. a. d r i v e.
c.a displacement pump. b. s t e m.
d.all of the above. c. body. D.4PS:7/12
d. disk.
D.3PS:6/20
26. The device in a pump that moves or compresses fluid
is called: 33. A device that raises, transfers, or pressurizes fluids by
pressing, forcing, or throwing the fluid through apertures
a.a pump casing. or pipes is called a:
b.a packing gland.
c.a disk. a. valve.
d.an impeller. b. pump.
D.4PS:8/12 c. snubber.

27. The closure d. bolt.

element of a diaphragm valve is called: D.4PS:3/12
a. the
weir.
b.a flexible elastomer.
c.the bonnet.
d. the
disk.
D.3PS:15/20
28. Component supports are divided into groups. Which of
the following is not considered to be a group of
component supports?
34. Valves that use rotational motion to make a seal are
called:

a.ball valves.
b. g a t e v a l v e s.
c.globe valves.
d. all of the above.
D.3PS:16/20
35. Service-induced discontinuities can be the result of:
 a. Hangers.
b.Supports. a.vibration.
c.Integral attachments. b. stress risers.
d.Snubbers. c.corrosion.
D.5PS:5/27 d. all of the above.
D.2PS:9/15
29. During a visual examination, a welding discontinuity
that could not be detected would be: 36. A device that is typically installed vertically with the
support member in compression is called a:
a.undercut.
b.underfill. a.support.
c.cracks. b.hanger.
d.side wall lack of fusion. c.snubber.
d.spring can.
D.1PS:7/10
D.5PS:7/27
30. For component supports, the principal movement axis is:
37. Typical reportable discontinuities for component supports
include:
a.the horizontal axis.
b.the vertical axis. a. drawing anomalies.
c. the longitudinal axis. b.workmanship.
d.all of the above. c . o p e r a t i o n a l . D.5PS:4/27d. all of the above.
D.8PS:12/21
31. A device that is typically installed vertically with the support member in tension is called a:
a. support.
b.restraint.
c.snubber.
d. h a n g e r . D.5PS:6/27

9
 Visual and Optical Testing Method, Level I

38. A physical attribute that cannot be visually inspected 44. Porosity is:
during welding is:
a. material used during the welding process.
a.the welding process. b. gas entrapped below the surface of a material.
b.the acceptability of the weld, with regard to its c. gas entrapped below or at the surface of a
appearance. material.
c.alignment and fit-up. d. foreign crystallized material entrapped below the
d.joint preparation. surface of a material.
A.469 F.4G:10/11
39. An inherent discontinuity in forgings that cannot be 45. A visual examiner could expect to find a crater
detected using visual testing is: crack:

a.bursts. a.at the beginning of the weld.

b. cracks. b.somewhere between the beginning and the end
c.seams. of the weld.
d. l a ps. c.at either the beginning or the end of the weld.
E.274-275; F.4G:5/11 d.at the end of the weld.
G.368
40. Every inspector is affected differently by perception, 46. A discontinuity with a small star-shaped pattern
fatigue, and attitude. In visual inspection, these where a weld starts or stops is usually an indication of:
factors are classified as:
 a.physiological factors.
b.uncontrolled factors.
a.surface porosity.
c.production factors. b.undercut.
d.classic distress factors.
c.a crater crack.
E.57-62 d.slag.
F.6G:14/18
41. To examine areas around bends inside a pipe section,
the visual examiner uses a: 47. During the visual examination of a full penetration
double bevel weld joint, visual examination cannot
a.telescope. locate:
b.fiberoptic borescope.
c.borescope. a. undercut.
d.microscope. b. underfill.
F.3G:8/19 c. crater cracks.
d. insufficient penetration.
42. On a thickness gage, twenty thousandths of an inch F.6G
is represented by:
48. The initiation of a fatigue crack could occur at:
a.0.1
b. 0. 02 a.weld toes.
c.0.002 b.notches.
d.0.0002 c.section changes.
d. thread roots.
43. In a casting, a visual examiner could expect to find: e.all of the above.
F.7G
a . l a m i na t i ons.
b.stringers. 49. A welding discontinuity typically referred to as distortion
c.bursts. is caused by:
d.hot tears.

E.276 a. the use of a tungsten electrode in the GTAW

welding process.
b. the uncontrolled heating and cooling of the weld
metal.
c. exposure to radiation and other NDE techniques.
d. the excess
amount of porosity
in the weld metal.
G.241 and 261

10
 Visual and Optical Testing Method, Level I

50. When measuring plate be equipped with

thickness, the most forward oblique, right
accurate reading is angle, or retrospective
given by a: visual systems is
called:
56. An instrument that can
a. steel ruler.
b. steel tape. a. an angulated borescope.
c.mechanical gage b. a
(micrometer). microsco
d. feeler gage. pe.
c. a panoramic borescope.
F.3G:17/19d. a stereoscope.
E.82-91
51. When choosing a 57. The use of chemical
magnifier, major solutions to attack material
consideration should surfaces in order to
be given to: improve the visibility
of discontinuities for
a.power or visual inspection at
magnification. normal and low
b.working distance. power magnification
c.field of view. is called:
d.all of the above.
C.11-1 a.rnicroetching.
b. macroetching.
52. Visual inspection is the c. replication.
most extensively used d. vibroetching.
inspection method on weldments because:
a.it is simple and relatively inexpensive.
coupled device chip" is used with:
b.it does not normally require special equipment.
c.it gives important information about conformity to
a. a fiberoptic borescope.
specifications. b. an angula
d.all of the above. c. a video im
G.469
a profile
gage.
E.128-130
53. In order to render valid results, visual examination
must include a: 59. C
overlap are
disco
ntinu
ities
foun
d in:
a.trained operator.
b.procedure for conducting the tests. a. castings.
c.standard for interpreting and reporting the results. b.
forgings.
d.all of the above. c. extrusions
G.469 d
weldme
nts.
E.128-130
54. The maximum diameter of a borescope that can be
used for the test is determined by:
metal protrusion beyond the fusion
line at
the
weld
toe is
called
:

11
 a. object depth.
b.entry port size. a.overlap.
c.objective distance. b.undercut.
d.direction of view. c.reinforce
E.74-75 d.incomple
E.163-175
55. A device that provides the means for comparing a
test surface to a standard surface finish is called a:
accordance with SlVT-TC-1A, certification of
visual NDT personnel is the responsibility of:
a.measuring magnifier.
b.surface calibrator. a.ASNT.
c.surface comparator. b.the empl
d.surface magnifier. c.the NDT
E.76-81 d.an outsid
E.181-187
Visual and Optical Testing Method, Level I

62. The ability of metal to return to its original size and 69. Radiant energy that excites the retina and produces a
shape after being loaded and unloaded is called: visual sensation is called:
a.plastic deformation. a. vision.
b.elastic deformation. b.light.
c.tensile strength. c.spectrum.
d.stress-strain deformation. d. color.
E.194 E30

63. Cracking under the combined action of corrosion and 70. The visible portion of the electromagnetic spectrum
tensile stress is referred to as: extends from:
a.fatigue cracking. a. 100-400 nm.
b. c re e p cra c ki ng. b. 210-370 nm.
c. stress corrosion cracking. c.380-770 nm.
d.tensile stress cracking. d . 5 7 0 - 8 9 1 n m . E.209 E.30

64. A groove formed at the toe or root of a weld when the 71. Photometers used to measure the reflectance of
base metal is melted away and left unfilled by weld materials or surfaces in specialized ways are called:
metal is referred to as:
a. radiometers.
a.underfill. b. glossmeters.
b. c ol d l a p. c. spectrophotometer.
c.crack. d. reflectometers.
d.undercut. E.30
E.260
72. The portion of the eye that regulates the quantity of
65. Excessive clearance in pumps will result in: light admitted is called the:
a.accelerated corrosion. a.iris.
b.increased cavitation. b. p u p i l.
c.reduction in pump efficiency. c. r e t i n a.
d.increased impeller wear. d. c o n e s.
E.269 E.60

66. A mechanical device that controls flow into, inside 73. In general, the total magnification of borescopes is in
of, or out of a piping system is called a: the range of:
a.blind flange. a. 3x-4x.
b. pum p. b.2x-8x.
c . v a l v e. c. 4x-10x.
d. flow controller. d. 5x-15x.
E.270 E.88

67. Hot tears, inclusions, porosity, and cold shuts are: 74. A method used for copying the topography of a
surface that cannot be moved or one that would be
a.forging discontinuities.
damaged in transferal is called:
b.casting discontinuities.
c.welding discontinuities. a.NDT.
d.processing discontinuities. b.in-situ NDT.
E.276 c. replication.
d. surface metalloaraphy.
68. The distance a magnifier can E.108
be moved toward or away from a subject while
keeping it in good focus is called:

a . de pt h of fi e l d.
b. fi e l d of vi e w.
c.focal spot.
d.magnification distance.
E.292-300

12
 Visual and Optical Testing Method, Level I

75. Replication is used for: 81. The undesirable removal of material from contacting
surfaces by mechanical action is referred to as:
a. the analysis of fracture surfaces and
microstructure. a. corrosion.
b.the evaluation of yield and tensile strengths of b. erosion.
metals. c. wear.
c.the evaluation of corrosion damage and wear. d. grinding.
d. both a and c above. E.197

E.108
82. The deterioration of a metal resulting from
76. Temperature indicating materials can take the form electrochemical reactions with environment is
of: referred to as:

a. sticks. a.erosion.
b.pellets. b.corrosion.
c. liquids. c. wear.
d.all of the above. d. fatigue.
E.114 E.206

77. As related to photographic techniques for recording 83. All of the following are weld joints except:
visual testing results, the range of distance over
which a camera gives satisfactory definition when its a. a butt joint.
lens is in the best focus for a certain specific distance b. an edge joint.
is referred to as: c. a groove joint.
d. a l a p j o i n t.
a.depth of vision. E.247
b.depth of field.
c.depth of focus. 84. Joint penetration in which the weld metal fills the
d.field of vision. groove and is fused to the base metal throughout its
E.142 thickness is referred to as:

78. Cameras used in video pipe testing may be a. complete penetration.

transported inside the pipe by: b. partial penetration.
c. incomplete penetration.
a. pushing. d. complete fusion.
b.pulling. E.247
c.carrying.
d.all of the above. 85. A process in which materials are joined by heating
E.149 themtoasuitabletemperatureandbyusingafiller

metal, which liquifies above 449 °C (840 °F) and

79. In general, visual weld inspection is performed: below the solidus of the base metal, is called:
a.before welding. a.welding.
b.during welding. b.soldering.
c.after welding. c.brazing.
d.all of the above. d.solid state welding.
E.156 E.249

80. The testing of certain numbers less than the total in a 86. In a typical groove weld, the angle formed between
production run is called: the prepared edge of a member and a plane
perpendicular to the surface of the member is called:
a.random sampling.
b.partial sampling. a . g r o o v e a n g l e.
c.specified sampling. b . b e v e l a n g le .
d.random specified sampling. c.angle of preparation.
E.160 d.weld angle.
E.254

13
Visual and Optical Testing Method, Level I

87. Bursts, laps, and cracks are discontinuities that are 88. The science of obtaining quantitative measurements
found in: of physical objects through processes of recording,
measuring, and interpreting photographic images is
a.castings. called:
b.welds.
c.forgings. a.photography.
d.extrusions. b.photometry.
E.274 c. photogrammetry.
d. stereophotography.
E.314

14
 Level H Questions
Visual and Optical Testing Method

1. Localized reduction in an area of a bolt that is under 6. A convex weld surface:

overload conditions is referred to as:
a. curves inward.
a. sizing. b. curves outward.
b.necking down. c. contains a hollow.
c. e rosi on. d. does both a and c above.
d. elongation. E.258

E.274
7. During the solidification of metal, a hole produced
2. The least common location for fastener failure is: due to escaping gases is called a:
a.in the head to shank fillet. a. burst.
b. throughout the first thread inside b. cold shut.
the nut on threaded fasteners. c.flaking.
c . i n t he m i dgri p. d. bl
d. at ow
the hole
transit .
ion A.514
from
the 8. Weldments might contain:
thread
to the a. shrinkage.
shank. b.incomplete penetration.
E.273 c. seams.
d. l a p s.
3. Discontinuities that are produced during the hot or F.6G
cold working of the ingot into rod or bar to make
studs are called: 9. A discontinuity typically found in forgings is:

a.inherent discontinuities. a. shrinkage.

b.primary processing discontinuities. b.bleed-out.
c.secondary processing discontinuities. c. l a p s.
d.service-induced discontinuities. d. un
E.273 derc
ut.
4. Service-induced discontinuities in bolting systems E.274
may be produced by:
10. Embrittlement, caused by a physical or chemical
a.vibration. change in the metal, is a reduction in:
b.over-tensioning.
c.corrosion. a.ductility.
d. al b. hardness.
l of c. hydrogen.

17
Visual and Optical Testing Method, Level II

11. The deterioration of a metal by chemical or 17. The portion of base metal that has not been melted
electrochemical reaction with its environment is but where mechanical properties or microstructure
called: have been altered by the heat of welding is defined
as:
a.corrosion.
b. erosion. a. the fusion zone.
c. IGSCC. b. the heat-affected zone.
d.none of the above. c.both a and b above. E.206d. none of
the above.
G.108-111
12. The roughest surface finish is indicated by a
measurement of: 18. The difference between discontinuities and defects is
that:
a. 64 pin. f. there should be no distinction
b. 150 pin. between discontinuities and defects.
c. 250 pin. g. a
d. 380 pin. disco
ntinui
13. A basic metallurgical joint configuration that is used ty is
for complete joint penetration is called: a
reject
a. a but t j oi nt. able
b. a fillet joint. defect
c.a lap joint. .
d.none of the above. a defect is a rejectable E.342
discontinuity.
e. discontinuities affect the base metal, 19. The gage that provides measurements of internal
whereas defects affect the weld metal. misalignment on 76 mm (3 in.) diameter pipe is:
E.247 a. a Cambridge gage.
b. a fillet weld gage.
14. The welding process that is sometimes referred to as c. a hi-lo welding gage.
"stick welding" is: d. both a and b above.
a.SAW. E.255
b.SMAW.
c.GMAW. 20. In a borescope, the image is brought to the eyepiece
d.GTAW. by:

E.250 a.an objective lens.

15. The welding process in which there is a higher b. relay lenses.
c. an eyepiece lens.
degree of probability of entrapping slag is: d. all of the above.
a.GMAW. E.83
b.GTAW.
21. In welding, temperature indicating sticks are used to
c.SMAW. monitor:
d.all of the above.
E.251 a. preheat temperatures.
b. postheat temperatures.
16. Tungsten inclusions are found during: c. interpass temperatures.
d. all of the above.

a.GMAW. E.117
b.GTAW.
E.251-252
c.SMAW. 22. To measure the diameter of a 76 mm (3 in.) stud
a. a 51-76 mm (2-3 in.) inside mechanical gage (micrometer).
d.none of the above. most accurately, use:
b. an outside caliper.
c. a 152 mm (6 in.) dial caliper.
d. mechanical (micrometer) depth gage.
F.3 G

18
 Visual and Optical Testing Method, Level II
23. A discontinuity that is commonly
appears as a series of defined as a liquid-
remelted dots beside solid phase joining
a weld, resembling a method accomplished
trail left in striking a at a temperature
match is called: above:

a.linear porosity. a. 232 °C (4

b. arc strikes. °F).
c.undercut. b.343 °C (650 °F).
d. s l a g. c.449 °C (840 °F).
E.3b2 d. 504 °C (
° F ) . G.23
24. A protrusion or rollover
of weld metal beyond the 30. To be acceptable, a
29. The brazing process concave fillet weld must
have an
toe or root is called: actual leg dim
a.overlap. a.longer than
b.undercut. b.shorter tha
c. reinforcement. c.equal to th
d.overfill. d.equal to th
E.164

25. Chevrons may occur in:

the filler metal and base
metal into a straight continuous weld pass is called a:
a. plates.
b.weldments. a. multipass
c.bar stock. b. depressed
d. valve castings. c.stringer bead. A.550 d. we
pattern.
E.253
26. A discontinuity that is found in bars and forgings,
which is caused by the rupture of metal forged at
depression on the face of a fillet weld that reduces
either too low or too high temperatures, is called:
cross section of the weld when measured at the
depres
sion is
called:
a. pipe.
b.seam. a. depressed
c.cupping. b.excessive
d.internal burst. c.insufficient throat. E.341
insufficient leg.
E.164
27. A cause for undercut that occurs during the welding
process is called:
strike, the inspector
should
inspec
t for:
a. excessive voltage
or current. a. lack of fusion.
b.slow travel b. crat
speed. ers.
c.excessive travel c. whiskers.
speed. G.359 d. cracks.
d.both a and c
above.
E.261
28. When the weld is to be placed on the arrow side of
 the joint, the weld symbol in the drawing will be:
Pitting is one type of:
a.below the line. a.occluded cell corrosion.
b. above the line. b.stress corrosion.
c. i n t he t a i l. c.general corrosion.
d.at the end of the arrow. d.galvanic corrosion.
G.196 F.7G:18/21

35. Joint profiles of finished welds are controlled

by:

a.acceptance standards.
b.workmanship standards.
c.design requirements.
d.all of the above.
E.275
19
 Visual and Optical Testing Method, Level II
36. Which of the 41. Horizontal
following weld indications on the
symbols edge of a 76 mm
represents a (3 in.) plate are on
fillet weld? several levels and
do not extend
B.5; G.195 along
the whole edge.
The most likely
a. cause of these
II visual indications
is:
c.
a. pipe.
b.poor burning
d.
37. Which of the following weld symbols represents a
practice.
"U Joint?" c.laminations.
d . p or os i t y.
E.275

42. A process that uses

a filler metal with
a liquidus state
that does not
exceed 449 °C
(840 °F) and that
does not melt the
base material is:

a . S M AW.
b. br az i ng.
c.soldering.
d.resistance welding.
B.
5;
G
.1
95

E.
2
4
9
a. 43. The
angle(s) for the
fore-oblique
direction of view
borescope is/are:
b. a. 0 degrees.
b. 1-89 degrees.
c. 9 0 d e g re e s.
C .
II d. 91-110 degrees. F.3G:12/19
d.
44. The mechanism for soldering and
 brazing is:
38. Electronic aids to vision are based primarily on: a.wetting.
b.alloying.
a.photosynthetic devices. c.capillary action.
b.photothermal devices. d.all of the above.
c.photoelectric devices. E.248-249
d.photostat devices.
C.11 25 45. A
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h
e
w
e
l
d

i
s
39. In order to obtain light of a specific
wavelength, use: called:
a.filters. a.melt-through.
b.shades. b.linear porosity.
c. reflectors. c.cluster porosity.
d.diffractive screens. d.a crack.
C.10 4
- G.355

40. The three physical characteristics of color

include: 46. A wide angle of view for a
borescope provides:
a.saturation, a. illumination.
brightness, and b.high
glare. magnificati
b.hue, on.
saturation, and c.shorter
brightness. depth of
c. reflective field.
index, spectral d. greater depth of
range, and hue. field. C.10-2 F.3G:11/19
d.tone, shade,
and hue.

20
 Visual and Optical Testing Method, Level 11

47. An optical aid used in visual examination that brings

53. A reduction in ductility due to in-service or pre-

a. a fiberoptic horoscope. the image to the eyepiece by a lens train is called:
b. a horosc ope. environments is called:
c.a mirror.
d.an image guide. a. embrittlement.
b.hydrogen fatigue cracking.
c. thermal fatigue.
d.intergranular stress corrosion cracking.
E.82 F.7G:10/21
48. A remote visual examination aid that is used for
become weaker due to continuing
viewing around corners with a flexible distal end is
under steady stress at elevated
called: temperatures demon
a. an a. thermal fatigue.
optisco b.stress corrosion
pe. cracking.
b.a c.corrosion
fiberopti reduction.
c d. creep.
E.82
borescop
e.
c.a
mirror.
d.an
image
guide.

49. An inherent discontinuity associated with the

following is a basic joint
original solidification of metal in the ingot is called:
configuration?
a.a seam. a. A tee joint.
b.thermal fatigue. b.A single V joint.
c. a h o t t e a r. c.A single J joint.
d.porosity. d.All of the above
F.4G:9/11

50. A narrow angle of view in a borescope is required

nonfusion discontinuity that is located at the root
for: area of a welded join
a.high a.porosity.
magnifica b . a h o t t e a r.
tion. c.incomplete joint
b.low penetration.
magnific d.all of the
ation. above.
c. a greater F.3G:11/19
depth of
field.
d.greater
reflectivit
y.

51. Discontinuities associated with the casting process

casting process, a chaplet is:
are:
a.a device that supp
a.inclusions b.a device that is u
b.hot tears c.a ragged, irregula
c.porosity. d.all of the above.
d.all of the above.

21
 F.4G:9/11
58. The three stages to f
52. Which of the following is a primary processing
method? a.initiation, propaga
b.initiation, branchi
a.Forging. c.stress, temperature
b.Machining. d.none of the abov
c.Heat treating.
d.All of the above.
F.4G:4/11 59. Discontinuities that
originate during
the melting and
original
solidification of
the metal in the
ingot are
categorized as:

a.
f
o
r
m
i
n
g
d
i
s
c
o
n
t
i
n
u
i
t
i
e
s
.
b.
i
n
h
e
r
e
n
t
d
i
s
c
o
n
t
i
n
u
i
t
i
e
s
.
c.
p
r
 o
c
e
s
s
d
i
s
c
o
n
t
i
n
u
i
t
i
e
s
.
d.
s
e
r
v
i
c
e
-
i
n
d
u
c
e
d
d
i
s
c
o
n
ti
n
u
it
i
e
s
.
F.4G:3/11
Visual and Optical Testing Method, Level II
60. A welding process in which shielding is provided by 67. Repeated fluctuating stress having a maximum value
the electrode covering is called: less than the tensile strength of the material is called:

a. SMAW. a. a crack.
b. GTAW. b.mechanical fatigue.
c. GMAW. c. thermal fatigue.
d. brazing. d.stress corrosion cracking.
G.4-5 F.7G:5/21

61. A slag-type discontinuity is produced by: 68. Cracks can occur in:
a. SMAW. a.forgings.
b. GTAW. b.castings.
c. GMAW. c.welds.
d. brazing. d.all of the above.
G.365 F.4G and 6G

62. Weld metal that completely fills the groove and is 69. The structure or shape of mechanical fatigue type
fused to the base metal throughout its total thickness cracking is best described as:
is called:
a.multiple indications or brazing.
a.partial joint penetration. b.relatively straight and non-branched.
b.plate thickness. c.multiple intergranular indications.
c.theoretical throat. d. all of the above.
d.complete joint penetration. F.7G:8/21
G.153, 585
70. The fundamental reason that a bimetallic
63. All casting discontinuities are considered to be: thermometer operates is:

a.inherent. a. that metals change volume as temperature

b.primary processing. changes.
c.secondary processing. b. that metals have the same coefficients of
d.service-induced. expansion.
F.4G:3/11 c. that thin strips of metal with different coefficients
of expansion are placed next to each other.
64. A disadvantage of the GMAW process is: d. all of the above.
F.3G:17/19
a.that slag removal is required.
b.that there is an excessive amount of post-weld 71. Recording information from a visual examination is
cleaning. accomplished using:
c.that shielding gas must be protected from drafts.
d.all of the above. a. a videotape recording of the examination area.
G.7 b. photographs.
c. a subjective report.
65. A condition of excessive offset of the inside diameter d. all of the above.
surface is called: F.3G:16/19

a.underfill. 72. One of the principal characteristics of a hanger is

b. m i sa li gnm e nt. that the:
c.overlap.
d.excessive reinforcement. a.support member is in compression.
E.1168 b.component is supported from below.
c.support member is in tension.
66. Failure to adequately penetrate the weld root of a d. co
groove weld is called: mponent
a. lack of fusion. weight is
b.excessive penetration. lateral to
c.incomplete joint penetration. the hanger.
d.undercut. D.5PS:7/27
G.359

22
 Visual and Optical Testing Method, Level II

73. On a welding symbol, the flag symbol indicates:

A mechanical device that controls flow is called:
a.a a. a pump.
b. a valve.
sh c.a
snubber.
o
p d. all of the
above.
w
G.196
el
d.
b.

re
p
ai
r
w
el
d.
C.
a
fie
ld
we
ld.
d.
we
ld-
all
-
aro
un
d.

74. A crater crack is formed:

of a swing check valve would
include:
a.at the junction between weld beads.
b.at the start and stop of a weld bead. a.an exam
c.in the base material during the rolling process. b.an exam
d.in the base material during the forging process. c.an exam
G.360 d. all of t
E.271-272
75. A visual examination of
the rubber elastomer 82. The component support
seating material is that allows normal
performed on: thermal movement but

a. hanger.
b. support.
D.3PS:15/20 c. snubber.

a.a gate valve. restrains movement

b.a check valve. during a seismic event
c.a diaphragm valve. is called a:
d.all of the above.

76. The leg of a concave fillet weld is:

a.the same as the size of a concave fillet weld.

An employer shall establish a qualification and
b.larger than the size of a concave fillet weld.
certification program based on:
c.equal to the actual throat dimension.
d.not applicable to a fillet weld.
experience.
F.5
G
 trai
nin
g
and
test
ing
.
c.
evaluation.
77. An overload condition of a component support is
all of the above.
indicated by: e. both a
E.254
a.twisted, elongated, 84. The most common
or bent parts. location for fastener failure
b.improperly is:
torqued bolts.
c. missing parts. a.at the head to
d.discolored or shank fillet.
burned parts. b.at the shank to
D.8PS:7/21; F.2G thread transition.
c.an axial crack that
78. A common processing runs the length of the
discontinuity for a bolt is: bolt.
d.all of the above.
a. a burst. e.at both a and b
b.porosity. above.
c. n e c k i n g d o w n . E.273
d.all of the above.
E.273 85. On a welding symbol,
the horizontal line
79. The type of corrosion connecting the arrow
that occurs when and the tail is called
dissimilar metals are the:
in contact or are
a.main line.
electrically connected
in a corrosive b. reference line.
medium is called: c.symbol line.
d.AWS line.

a. selective leaching
corrosion. a.
rotatio
b.galvanic nal.
corrosion. E.207 b. stop/start.
c.crevice c. r eg
corrosion.
u la to
d.stress corrosion.
r y.
d.unidi
rection
al.
D3PS:4/20

23

G.195
86. Operationally, valves are categorized as linear and:
Visual and Optical Testing Method, Level 11
87 A destructive force that occurs in components is: 94. The gage that is typically used to measure the face 1

reinforcement of a butt joint is:

a . w a t e r h a m m e r.
b.vibration. a.a Cambridge gage.
c.corrosion. b.a TempilTM gage.
d. all of the above. c.a fillet weld gage.
e. both b and c above. d.all of the above.
D.8PS:14/21 E.256

88. The formation and collapse of gas bubbles in fluids 95. Primarily, piping leaks occur at components such as:
is called:
a.integral attachments.
a . w a t e r h a m m e r. b.bolted connections.
b.corrosion. c. valves.
c.cavitation. d.all of the above.
d. erosion. e.both b and c above.
F.7G:17/21 D.2PS and 3PS

89_ A restraint: 96. A hanger assembly that is attached to a pipe with a

pipe clamp is considered to be:
a.allows only expansive movement.
b.allows for only thermal movement. a. a class 1 component support.
c.allows limited or no motion in one or more b. an integral attachment.
directions. c. a restraint assembly.
d.does all of the above. d. a nonintegral attachment.
D.6PS:3/19 D.6PS:6/19

90. A typical inadequate construction practice involving 97. The theoretical throat dimension for a 10 mm
component supports involves: (0.4 in.) leg fillet weld is:

a.the use of different or wrongly sized parts. a. 5 mm (0.2 in.).

b.elongated bolt holes. b. 7 mm (0.3 in.).
c . c orrosi on. c. 10 mm (0.4 in.).
d.stress corrosion cracking. d. 13 mm (0.5 in.).
D.8PS:8/21 G.155

91. Excessive clearance in gate valve guide ribs may 98. Overlap is a weld profile condition where the angle
lead to: formed at the junction between the weld and base
material is:
a.erosion..
b.misalignment. a. less the 90 degrees from the plate surface.
c.wear. b. equal to 90 degrees from the plate surface.
d.all of the above. c. greater than 90 degrees from the plate surface.
E.270-271 d. an internal flaw only detectable with
ultrasonic

testing.
92_ For a given size weld, the theoretical throat for a G.358-359
concave fillet weld is:
99. A service-induced failure for a component support
a.the same for a convex fillet weld. could be caused by:
b.larger for a convex fillet weld.
c.smaller for a convex fillet weld. a. cracking or chipped concrete.
d.equal to the effective throat. b. loose nuts or improper thread engagement.
G.155 c. bent or deformed bolts.
d. damage resulting from overloading.
93. A device that transmits the load from a piping e. all of the above.
system to the building structure is called: F.7G

a . a p i p e c l a m p.
b. a ri se r c l a m p.
c.a component support.
d.an integral attachment.

24
D.6PS
 Visual and Optical Testing Method, Level 11

100. Visual 106. When an ingot is

inspection is rolled, a lamination
easy to apply, can result if it
quick and contains piping or:
relatively
inexpensive, and a.inclusions.
requires no b. seams.
special c.glass.
equipment d . a r c s t r i k e s.
other than: E.275

a.a clean work area. 107. During the visual

b. 25x examination of a
magnification. forging, a folded thin
c. good eyesight. flap of metal was
d.2152 lx (200 ftc) of observed. This is
illumination_ typically called:
G.469
a.forging porosity.
101. The human eye cannot b. a Cold shut.
always distinguish c. a crack.
clearly the fine d . a s u r f a ce l a p.
differences between
contact angles and
states of wetting when
inspecting soldered
joints. To improve the
inspector's ability to
distinguish these
differences, it is
recommended that the
inspector use
magnification in the
range of:
a.200x-300x.
b.300x-400x.
c.No more than 10x. 108. Arc
caused by:
d.100x-200x.
A.605 a. molten
particles splashed
102. Direct visual that are splashed
examination is out of the molten
possible when the puddle.
eye can be placed b. excessiv
within: e heat during the
welding process.
a. c. the use
in.) of the inspection
of improper or
surface. wet electrodes.
b.381 mm (15 in.) of d. welding
the inspection surface. operator error.
c.610 mm (24 in.) of G.555
the inspection
surface. 109. The heat-affected zone
d. is the portion of the:
in.) of the inspection
surface. a. metal
that is added to
103. During the performance produce the weld
of a visual examination, joint.
the borescope is used b.base metal that has
to: been melted and
solidified.
c. base
metal that has not heat.
been melted but d. original
where properties metal that is
have been altered welded.
by the welding
 a.determine inside pipe diameter dimensions. G.108-111
b.examine external parts of welds.
c.determine outside diameter dimensions. 110. The most critical part of any weld is:
d. ex
amin a.the weld reinforcement.
e b.correct heat input.
inter c.polarity.
nal d. the root pass.
parts G.471
of
pipes
and
com
pone
nts.
E.86

104. During the typical operation of a fiberoptic

borescope, adequate lighting:

a.is about the same as for reading.

b.is often enhanced by mirrors.
c.must be provided by artificial means.
d. is not a problem since most work spaces

25