1.

Pronouns
A. Personal Pronouns

English Kanji Katakana/Hiragana Romaji

I(formal) 私 わたし Watashi

I(men) 僕 ぼく Boku

I(girls, women) あたし Atashi

I(rough, men) 俺 おれ Ore

You あなた Anata

You(less formal) 君 きみ Kimi

You(informal, men) お前 おまえ Omae

You(rude) あんた Anta

He 彼 かれ Kare

She 彼女 かのじょ Kanojo

He/She あの人 Ano hito

He/She あの方 Ano hō

We 私たち Watashi-tachi

They 彼ら かれら Karera

Examples

 How are you?

 Anata wa dono yō ni.

 I went to Tokyo last month.

 Watashi wa sengetsu Tōkyō ni itte kimashita.

 How old is she?

 Kanojo wa furuidesu ka?

 He is a man with a sense of humor.

 Kare wa yūmoa no sensu o motsu otokodesu.

 We want to buy a car.

 Watashi-tachi wa kuruma o kōnyū shitai.

 They will travel to Japan.

 Karera wa Nippon o hōmon suru.

B. Possessive Pronouns

PERSONAL PRONOUNS POSSESSIVE DETERMINER POSSESSIVE PRONOUN

I My Mine

(watashi) (watashino) (watashinomono)

You Your Yours

(anata) (anatano) (anatanomono)

 PERSONAL PRONOUNS POSSESSIVE DETERMINER POSSESSIVE PRONOUN

He His His

(kare) (kareno) (karenomono)

She Her Hers

(kanojyo) (kanojyono) (kanojyonomono)

Them Their Theirs

(karera) (karerano) (kareranomono)

We Our Ours

(watashitachi) (watashitachino) (watashitachinomono)

It Its Its

(so) (sono) (sonomono)

Examples:

 my table is red.
 Watashi no tēburu wa akadesu.

 his book is blue.

  Kare no hon wa aodesu.

 your house is big.

 Anata no ie wa ōkiidesu.

 her hair is very long.

 Kanojo no kami ga hijō ni nagai.

 our school is beautiful.

 Watashi-tachi no gakkō wa utsukushii.

 their car are old.

 karera no kuruma ga furui.

C. Demonstrative Pronouns

Pronouns for animals and things

There are pronouns that can replace a noun but you only can use them when you talk about animals or things; they are in the table below.

English Japanese Romaji

This one これ kore

That one それ sore

That one (far) あれ are

Which one どれ dore

EXAMPLES:

 This is my book.
 Kore wa watashi no hon desu
 That is your car
 Are wa anata no jidōsha desu

Pronouns for people

You can use this pronous to talk about people; if you use these pronouns, you have use it before the noun that you're talking about. These pronouns are in the table
below.

English Japanese Romaji

This この kono

That その sono

That (far) あの ano

Which どの dono

EXAMPLES:

 That bag is yours.

 Sono kaban wa anata no desu
 This car is green.
 Kono jidōsha wa midori desu.
(Notice that kono is before the noun jidōsha.)

Pronouns for places

You can use these pronouns to talk about an specific place; they are in the table below.

English Japanese Romaji

Here ここ koko

There そこ soko

Over there あそこ asoko

Where どこ doko

EXAMPLES:

 Your mother are here.

 Anata no okasan wa koko ni iru
 Where is your house?
 Anata no ie wa dokodesu ka

2. Interrogative Sentence

When: Itsu: いつ： 何時

Itsu can also be read "nan ji" or "nan toki" and literally means "what time"... You want to use "itsu" when asking when something is, and "nan ji" for "what time (is it)"
.... and "nan toki" you may not hear often enough to be bothered with... but I suppose you can still keep your ears open for it

Who: Dare: だれ： 誰

What: Nani: なに： 何

Nani will actually be pronounced "nan" much more often than it will be pronounced "nani". "nani" is more of a "what?" like a "what did you say?" or "what?" like when
someone walks up to you and you know they want something, or when asking what someone is doing. and "nan" is for everything else "what is that?" "what color is
it?"
What color: Nanshoku: なんしょく： 何色

Sentences

 What color is the dress?

Doresu wa nanshoku desu ka?。

 Who are you?

Anata wa dare desu ka?

 Alternately:
Dare desu ka?。

 (remember you want to avoid pronouns as much as possible in Japanese)

 What?
Nani ka?

 Alternately:
Nani?

 When is it?
Itsu desu ka?

 What color is the skirt?

Suka-to wa nanshoku desu ka?

 When?
Itsu desu ka?
 Who is she?
Kanojo wa dare desu ka?

 What is it?
Nan desu ka?

 Who am I?
Watashi wa dare desu ka?

 Alternately:
Watashi wa dare da?

 What color is the shirt?

Shatsu wa nanshoku desu ka？

 Do you like it?

Anata wa sore ga suki desu ka?

 Does he have dogs?

Kare wa inu o katteimasu ka?

 Do you drink coffee?

Anata wa ko-hi- o nomimasu ka?

 Does he have a coat?

Kare wa ko-to o motteimasu ka?

 Do you read books?

Anata wa hon o yondeimasu ka?
3. Numbers (1-100)

1 – 10 11 – 20 21 – 30 31 – 40 41 – 50 51 – 60 61 – 70 71 – 80 81 – 90 91 – 100

1–い 11 – じゅ 21 – にじ 31 – さんじ 41 – よんじ 51 – ごじ 61 – ろくじ 71 – ななじ 81 – はちじゅ 91 – きゅう

ち ういち ゅういち ゅういち ゅういち ゅういち ゅういち ゅういち ういち じゅういち
(ichi) (juuichi) (nijuuichi) (sanjuuichi) (yonjuuichi) (gojuuichi) (rokujuuichi) (nanajuuichi) (hachijuuichi) (kyuujuuichi)

12 – じゅ 22 – にじ 32 – さんじ 42 – よんじ 52 – ごじ 62 – ろくじ 72 – ななじ 82 – はちじゅ 92 – きゅう

2–に
うに ゅうに ゅうに ゅうに ゅうに ゅうに ゅうに うに じゅうに
(ni)
(juuni) (nijuuni) (sanjuuni) (yonjuuni) (gojuuni) (rokujuuni) (nanajuuni) (hachijuuni) (kyuujuuni)

3–さ 13 – じゅ 23 – にじ 33 – さんじ 43 – よんじ 53 – ごじ 63 – ろくじ 73 – ななじ 83 – はちじゅ 93 – きゅう

ん うさん ゅうさん ゅうさん ゅうさん ゅうさん ゅうさん ゅうさん うさん じゅうさん
(san) (juusan) (nijuusan) (sanjuusan) (yonjuusan) (gojuusan) (rokujuusan) (nanajuusan) (hachijuusan) (kyuujuusan)

4–し
14 – じゅ 24 – にじ 34 – さんじ 44 – よんじ 54 – ごじ 64 – ろくじ 74 – ななじ 84 – はちじゅ 94 – きゅう
、よ
うよん ゅうよん ゅうよん ゅうよん ゅうよん ゅうよん ゅうよん うよん じゅうよん
ん (shi,
(juuyon) (nijuuyon) (sanjuuyon) (yonjuuyon) (gojuuyon) (rokujuuyon) (nanajuuyon) (hachijuuyon) (kyuujuuyon)
yon)

15 – じゅ 25 – にじ 35 – さんじ 45 – よんじ 55 – ごじ 65 – ろくじ 75 – ななじ 85 – はちじゅ 95 – きゅう

5–ご
うご ゅうご ゅうご ゅうご ゅうご ゅうご ゅうご うご じゅうご
(go)
(juugo) (nijuugo) (sanjuugo) (yonjuugo) (gojuugo) (rokujuugo) (nanajuugo) (hachijuugo) (kyuujuugo)

6–ろ 16 – じゅ 26 – にじ 36 – さんじ 46 – よんじ 56 – ごじ 66 – ろくじ 76 – ななじ 86 – はちじゅ 96 – きゅう

く うろく ゅうろく ゅうろく ゅうろく ゅうろく ゅうろく ゅうろく うろく じゅうろく
(roku) (juuroku) (nijuuroku) (sanjuuroku) (yonjuuroku) (gojuuroku) (rokujuuroku) (nanajuuroku) (hachijuuroku) (kyuujuuroku)

7–し 17 – じゅ 27 – にじ 37 – さんじ 47 – よんじ 57 – ごじ 67 – ろくじ 77 – ななじ 87 – はちじゅ 97 – きゅう

ち、 うなな ゅうなな ゅうなな ゅうなな ゅうなな ゅうなな ゅうなな うなな じゅうなな
なな (juunana) (nijuunana) (sanjuunana) (yonjuunana) (gojuunana) (rokujuunana) (nanajuunana) (hachijuunana) (kyuujuunana)
1 – 10 11 – 20 21 – 30 31 – 40 41 – 50 51 – 60 61 – 70 71 – 80 81 – 90 91 – 100

(shichi,
nana)

8–は 18 – じゅ 28 – にじ 38 – さんじ 48 – よんじ 58 – ごじ 68 – ろくじ 78 – ななじ 88 – はちじゅ 98 – きゅう

ち うはち ゅうはち ゅうはち ゅうはち ゅうはち ゅうはち ゅうはち うはち じゅうはち
(hachi) (juuhachi) (nijuuhachi) (sanjuuhachi) (yonjuuhachi) (gojuuhachi) (rokujuuhachi) (nanajuuhachi) (hachijuuhachi) (kyuujuuhachi)

9–く
19 – じゅ 29 – にじ 59 – ごじ 99 – きゅう
、き 39 – さんじ 49 – よんじ 69 – ろくじ 79 – ななじ 89 – はちじゅ
うきゅ ゅうきゅ ゅうきゅ じゅうきゅ
ゅう ゅうきゅう ゅうきゅう ゅうきゅう ゅうきゅう うきゅう
う う う う
(ku, (sanjuukyuu) (yonjuukyuu) (rokujuukyuu) (nanajuukyuu) (hachijuukyuu)
(juukyuu) (nijuukyuu) (gojuukyuu) (kyuujuukyuu)
kyuu)

10 – じ 20 – にじ 30 – さん 60 – ろく 70 – ななじ 80 – はちじ
40 – よんじ 50 – ごじゅ 90 – きゅうじ 100 – ひゃく
ゅう ゅう じゅう じゅう ゅう ゅう
ゅう (yonjuu) う (gojuu) ゅう (kyuujuu) (hyaku)
(juu) (nijuu)* (sanjuu) (rokujuu) (nanajuu) (hachijuu)