INDIAN SOCIAL PHILOSOPHY II (NASTIKA SCHOOL)

THE NASTIKA SCHOOL

A. BUDDHISM
 Now more than two thousand five hundred (2,500) years old.

A.1. Siddharta Gautama
 Founder of Buddhism
 Took the task of providing the firm social and moral norms.
 His teachings were very practical and relevant to various traditions and
society.
 He drew his most essential teachings: (1) The four Noble truths, (2)
The noble Eightfold Paths, and (3) The Doctrine of Dependent
Origination.
1. Four Noble Truths
1.1 There is suffering
1.2 There is a cause of suffering
1.3 There is a cessation of suffering
1.4 There is a way leading to the cessation of suffering
2. The Noble Eightfold Path
2.1 Right Faith
2.2 Right Resolve
2.3 Right speech
2.4 Right action or conduct
2.5 Right living
2.6 Right effort
2.7 Right attentiveness
2.8 Right concentration
3. The doctrine of Dependent Origination
Patticasamutpada or Pratityasamutpada – central teaching of the Buddha;
According to this, there is nothing in the world that does not come within
the realm of the causal laws.
 Ignorance – root cause of suffering, and the root cause of the cycle of birth
and death.
4. Nirvana – blowing out; the summum bonum of buddhism. It is also the
elimination of craving, hence the stte of detachment, a state where
there is no suffering, a state of perfect bliss, the purification of the
mind.
Arhat – person who attained Nirvana.
5. Buddha is Love
The Buddha’s love is not ego-center

B. JAINISM (Buswell, 2004)

 The term Jainism is derived from “jina” which means conquerer.
Which pertains to the one who has conquered his passions and desires.
 Jain doctrine teaches that jainism hs always existed long before
Mahavira was boen.