TUGAS

PENGANTAR TEKNIK ELEKTRO

DISUSUN OLEH:
RAFI AUFA AHMAD
NRP: 07111840000053

KELAS E
DEPARTEMEN TEKNIK ELEKTRO
INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI SEPULUH NOPEMBER
2018
5G Is Real

Verizon Wireless has won the race to 5G sort of. On October 1, Verizon
launched its "5G" home service in Houston, Indianapolis, Los
Angeles and Sacramento, establishing equivocal bragging rights and setting off a
domino run of 5G network launches that will continue through next spring.

That first network isn't actually the re al, global mobile standard for 5G. The
first one of those will likely be AT&T's network, coming by the end of the year.
(Verizon plans to switch to the global standard next year, swapping out equipment
at no cost to existing customers.) This all means you' re about to see the marketing
for 5G get ramped up quite a lot, and so it's good to know what everyone's actually
talking about.

5G stands for fifth-generation cellular wireless, and the initial standards for
it were set at the end of 2017. But a standard doesn't mean that all 5G will work
the same—or that we even know what applications 5G will enable. There will be
slow but responsive 5G, and fast 5G with limited coverage. Let us take you down
the 5G rabbit hole to give you a picture of what the upcoming 5 G world will be
like.

The G in 5G means it's a generation of wireless technology. While most

generations have technically been defined by their data transmission speeds, each
has also been marked by a break in encoding methods, or "air interfaces," which
make it incompatible with the previous generation.

1G was analog cellular. 2G technologies, such as CDMA, GSM, and TDMA,

were the first generation of digital cellular technologies. 3G technologies, such as
EVDO, HSPA, and UMTS, brought speeds from 200kbps to a few megabits per
second. 4G technologies, such as WiMAX and LTE, were the next incompatible
leap forward, and they are now scaling up to hundreds of megabits and even
gigabit-level speeds. 5G brings three new aspects to the table: greater speed (to
move more data), lower latency (to be more responsive), and the ability to connect
a lot more devices at once (for sensors and smart devices). The actual 5G radio
system, known as 5G-NR, won't be compatible with 4G. But all 5G devices,
initially, will need 4G because they'll lean on it to make initial connections before
trading up to 5G where it's available.

4G will continue to improve with time, as well. The upcoming Qualcomm

X24 modem will support 4G speeds up to 2Gbps. The real advantages of 5G will
come in massive capacity and low latency, beyond the levels 4G technologies can
achieve. That symbiosis between 4G and 5G has caused AT&T to get a little
overenthusiastic about its 4G network. The carrier has started to call its 4G
network "5G Evolution," because it sees improving 4G as a major step to 5G. It's
right, of course. But the phrasing is designed to confuse less -informed consumers
into thinking 5G Evolution is 5G.

Verizon's home service, which is a nonstandard form of 5G, has led its
competitors to claim that it's not really 5G. But given that it offers multi -gigabit
wireless speeds and will be swiftly transitione d over to the standard version.
How 5G Works

Like other cellular networks, 5G networks use a system of cell sites that
divide their territory into sectors and send encoded data through radio waves. Each
cell site must be connected to a network backbone, whether through a wired or
wireless backhaul connection. 5G networks will use a type of encoding called
OFDM, which is similar to the encoding that 4G LTE uses. The a ir interface will
be designed for much lower latency and greater flexibility than LTE, though.

5G networks need to be much smarter than previous systems, as they're

juggling many more, smaller cells that can change size and shape. But even with
existing macro cells, Qualcomm says 5G will be able to boost capacity by four
times over current systems by leveraging wider bandwidths and advanced antenna
technologies. The goal is to have far higher speeds available, and far higher
capacity per sector, at far lowe r latency than 4G. The standards bodies involved
are aiming at 20Gbps speeds and 1ms latency, at which point very interesting
things begin to happen.

What's the Frequency?

5G mainly runs in two types of airwaves: below and above 6GHz. Low
frequency 5G networks, which use existing cellular and Wi -Fi bands, utilize more
flexible coding and larger channel sizes to reach speeds of 25 -50% better than
LTE, according to a presentation by T -Mobile exec Karri Kuoppamaki. Such
networks can cover the same distance as existing cellular networks and generally
do not require additional cell sites. Sprint, for example, prepares all new 4G cell
sites as 5G-ready, and that will only flip the button when the rest of the network is
set up. Real 5G innovation occurs at higher f requencies, known as millimeter
waves. Within existing cellular bands, only relatively narrow channels are
available because the spectrum is very busy and widely used. But at 28Ghz and
39Ghz, there is a broad spectrum available to make large channels for v ery high
speeds.

These bands have been used previously for backhaul, connecting BTS to a
remote internet connection. But they have never been used for consumer devices
before, because handheld processing power and miniature antennas are not
available. Millimeter wave signals also decrease faster with distance than low
frequency signals, and the large amount of data transferred will require more
connections to the landline Internet. So cellular providers have to install more,
smaller, lower power bases than using powerful ma crocells to offer multi-gigabit
speeds that promise millimeter wave networks.

Source: https://sea.pcmag.com/cell -phone-service-providers-

products/15385/what-is-5g

Conclusion

5G or Fifth Generation is a term used to refer to the fifth generation as the next phase of
the cellular telecommunications standard over the 4G standard. This fifth generation technology
is planned to be officially released for the cellular operating system by 2020, so it is still too
early to know what the 5G technology will be like. 5G stands for fifth-generation cellular
wireless, and the initial standards for it were set at the end of 2017. But a standard
doesn't mean that all 5G will work the same or that we even know what
applications 5G will enable.
 Like other cellular networks, 5G networks use a system of cell sites that
divide their territory into sectors and send encoded data through radio waves. 5G
networks will use a type of encoding called OFDM, which is similar to the
encoding that 4G LTE uses. The air interface will b e designed for much lower
latency and greater flexibility than LTE, though.