Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Indian Standard
METHODS OF TEST FOR
POZZOLANIC MATERIALS
(First Revision)
Sixt h Repr in t OCTOBE R 1996
0 Copyright 1968
BURE AU OF INDIAN STANDARDS
MAN AK B HAVAN , 9 B AHAD U R S HAH ZAF AR MARG
N EW D ELHI 110002
Gr 1 0 February 1968
Indian St andard
ME TH ODS OF TE ST F OR
P OZZOLANIC MATE RIALS
(First Rev ision)
Pozzolanas Sectional Committee, BDC 16
Ctilmfln Represmting
Dn R. R. HA~IAN~~I The Associated Cement Companies Ltd, Bombay
DR R. K. Grxosrs ( Afferna~ \
&RI K. K. NAYBL+R ’ ’ Concrete Association of India, Bombay
SHRI P. J. JAGIJIJ
( Abmatu )
SHRl \‘. N. PA1 The Associatrd Cement Companies Ltd. Bombay
fiI3sU RABINDER SINGH National Buildings Oraanizaiion I Minirtrv of Works.
Housing & Urb& Development ) .
Smu C. T. BODE ( AI&raak )
( Cbntinurd on pug8 2 )
SHRIY. R. TANEJA
Deputy Director ( Civ Engg ), IS1
SHRI DI&PAKBANDYOPADHYAY
Senior Technical Assistant ( Civ Engg ), IS1
Convener
DR H. C. VISYZSVARASA Cement Research Institute of India, New Delhi
Members
I.h IQBAS. ALI Hyderabad Engine,-ring Research Laboratory,
Hyderabad
DR S. K. C~OPRA CentR~or~e~lding Research Institute ( CSIR ),
2
Is :1 7 2 7 1 1 9 6 7
Indian St andard
ME TH ODS OF TE ST F OR
P OZZOLANIC MATE RIALS
f First Rev ision)
0. F OREWORD
0.1 This Ind ian Stand ard ( First Revision ) w as ad op ted by the Ind ian
Stand ard s Institu tion on 24 Ju ly 1967, after the d raft finalized by the
Pozzolanas Sectional Com m ittee had been ap p roved by the Civil Engineering
Division Cou ncil.
0.2 This stand ard w as originally pu blished in 1960. The variou s provisions
of the stand ard have been u nd er the review of the Pozzolanas Sectional
Com m ittee, for qu ite som e tim e. Th e greater u tilization of p ozzolanic
m aterials in the cou ntry, the experience w ith the u se of this stand ard and also
the latest d evelopm ents in the field of p ozzolanic m aterials has necessitated
a change in the ap p roach to the testing of p ozzolanas. In the light of these,
the Pozzolanas Sectional Com m ittee has felt the need to issue this revision, to
incorp orate the m od ification necessary to bring the stand ard in line w ith the
present thinking on the su bject.
0.2.1 The revision incorp orates a nu m ber of changes, the m ost im p ortant
of them being - the m ethod of test for specific su rface of p ozzolana by Blaine
air perm eability ap p aratu s, the u se of revised grad ing of stand ard sand for
variou s tests, introd u ction of ‘ absolu te volu m e ’ concep t for the test m ixtu res
for variou s p ozzolanic activity tests, m od ified m ethod of com p action of test
specim ens and a test for specific gravity of p ozzolanas.
0.2.2 The d esign of m ix for variou s p ozzolanic activity tests on absolu te
volu m e basis w as consid ered preferable as this w ou ld keep the bind er p lu s
p ozzolana volu m e sam e as that of bind er p aste volu m e in control m ix. This
w ill control the w orkability, void s and yield of m ortar w hich are affected by a
change in the specific gravity of p ozzolanas. If the p rop ortions are by
w eight alone, any change in the specific gravity of p ozzolana w ill alter
the w ater requ irem ents for the m ix and this w ill have a significant effect
on the strength w ith the resu lt that a tru e assessm ent of the qu ality of
p ozzolana w ou ld not be possible. Prop ortioning by w eight w ill also not
give tru e com p arison betw een the reactivity of tw o d ifferent p ozzolanas
becau se even if they had equal efficiency in respect of their chem ical reactiv-
ity, an artificial d ifference in the strength w ill be observed d u e to d ifTe-
rence in their specific gravities in case of p rop ortioning by w eight; on the
other hand , if the absolu te volu m es occu p ied by both p ozzolanas w ere kep t
r-------- ~
IS : 1 7 2 7- 1 9 6 7
1 . S COPE
1 .1 This standard covers the following tests for pozzolanic materials:
a) Chemical analysis,
b) Fineness,
c) Soundness,
- ~Sice revis&.
,tRula for roundirlg off numerical valua ( r&red).
5
rs : 1727 - 1967
d) Setting tim e,
e) Lim e reactivity,
f) Com pressive strength,
g) Transverse strength,
h) Drying shrinkage,
j) Perm eability,
k) Red u ction in alkalinity and silica release, and
m) Specific gravity.
2. TERMIN OLOGY
2.1 For the p u rp ose of this stand ard , the d efinition of term s given in
IS : 4305-1967* shall ap p ly.
3. TES T MATERlALS
3.1 Hy d ra te d Lim e - H yd rated lime for u se in the tests shall conform to
the requ irem ents for hyd rated fat lime ( Class C ) of IS : 712-1964t and also
to the follow ing ad d itional requ irem ents:
a) The calciu m com p ou nd present in lime calcu lated as calciu m oxid e
shall not be less than 90 p ercent by w eight of the ignited sam ple.
b) The resid ue on 212-m icron IS Sieve ( see IS : 460-1962$ ) shall not
be m ore than tw o p ercent by w eight.
3.2 Cem ent -Cem ent for u se in the tests shall be ord inary cem ent con-
form ing to IS : 269-1958s.
3.3 Stand ard Sand - Stand ard sand for u se in the tests shall conform to
IS : 650-196611.
5. CH EMICAL AN ALYS IS
5.1 Re a g e n ts
5.1.1 Q ualit y of Reagent s-Unless otherw ise specified , p u re chem icals
and d istilled w ater (see IS : 1070-1960** ) shall be u sed in the test.
N OTE- Pure chemicals shall mean chemicals that do not contain impurities which
affect the results of the analysis.
*Glossary of terms relating to pozzolanas. ( Since revisc0
tSpecification for building likes ( rev ised ) .
SSpecification for test sieves ( rcuised ) .
&ecification for ordinary, rapid-hardening and low heat Portland cem ent ( & ).
Since revised ).
@pecification for standard sand for testing of cement (/;rst rw itio). n
~ Specification for atmospheric conditions for tekting ( ret ied).
l *Specificat ion fo rwater, distilled quaUty ( t ied ).
6
IS:1727-1963
,S.1.2The follow ing reagents and special solu tions are required :
a>Reagents
H yd rochloric acid -sp gr 1.16
N itric acid -sp gr 1.42
Su lp hu ric acid -sp gr 1.84
Phosp horic acid , -sp gr 1.7
H yd roflu oric acid - 40 p er cent
Am m oniu m hyd roxid e - sp gr 0.90
NOTE- The reagents shall be of the analytical reagent quality.
b) Dilute solutions of reagents - Prepare the follow ing solu tions by
d ilu ting the reagent w ith d istilled w ater:
H yd rochloric acid - 50 p ercent, 25 p ercent and one p ercent ( v/ v)
N itric acid - 3 p ercent ( v/ v)
Am m oniu m hyd roxid e - 50 p ercent ( v/ v)
4 Stannous chloride solution-Dissolve 50 g of stannou s chlorid e
in 100 m l of hflrochloric &id and d ilu te to one litre. Keep a
few pieces of p u re m etallic tin in contact w ith the solu tion.
4 M ercuric chloride solu tion-Prep are a satu rated solu tion by d issolving
5.6 g in 100 m l of w ater at room tem p eratu re.
4 M anganese sulphate solution - Dissolve 35 g of crystalline m anganese
su lp hate in 250 m l of d istilled w ater. Ad d 70 m l of p hosp horic
acid ( sp gr 1.7 ) and 65 m l of su lphu ric acid ( sp gr 1.84 ). Dilu te
to 500 m l.
f> Standurd potassium permanganate solution - Ap p roxim ately 0.05 N .
Dissolve abou t l-5 g of p otassiu m p erm anganate in one litre of
d istilled w ater. Allow to stand for a w eek; filter throu gh asbestos
m at and keep in a d ark place after stand ard izing it w ith p u re
sod iu m oxalate.
g) A mmonium nitrate solution - Dissolve 2 g of am m oniu m nitrate in
100 m l of w ater.
h) A mmonium oxalate solution - Dissolve 50 g of am m oniu m oxid e in
one litre of w ater. Also p rep are a d ilu te solu tion containing one
gram of salt p er litre.
j> A mmonium hydrogen phosphate solution - Dissolve 250 g of am m oniu m
hyd rogen p hosp hate in one litre of w ater.
4 Barium chloride solution - Dissolve 100 g of bariu m chlorid e in one
litre of w ater.
5.2 Preparation o fs a m p le fo r An aly s is - Abou t 1OOg ofthe represen-
tative sam ple shall be air-d ried and grou nd to pass 150-m icron IS Sieve.
The m aterial shall be stored in an air-tight bottle.
7
U[Ir1727-1967
53 LossonIgnition
5.3.1Ignite I.00 g of the air-d ried , finely grou nd sam ple in a p latinu m
crucible of 20 to 25 m l cap acity by placing it in a m u ffle fu rnace at
1000 f 25°C to constant w eight ( for abou t 20 to 30 m inu tes ). Air shou ld
have free access to the sam ple to m aintain oxid izing cond itions. Cool and
w eigh the crucible to 0.1 m g and check the loss in w eight by a second
heating for 5 m inu tes and rew eighing after cooling.
5.3.2 The p ercentage loss on ignition nearest to 0.1 shall be calcu lated as
follow s:
w here
A = loss in w eight, and
B = w eight of m oistu re free sam ple u sed .
N ol~ -The significance of the determination of loss on ignition will vary according
to the nawrc of the sample. The figure obtained may include loss due to the
oxidation of any carbonaceous matter and gain due to the oxidation of any fcrrour iron
present.
5.4Silica
5.4.1Fu se one gram of the air-d ried , finely grou nd , sam ple w ith abou t
7 g of anhyd rou s sod iu m carbonate in a covered p latinu m crucible. Raise
the tem p eratu re slow ly u ntil frothing ceases, then com p lete the fu sion at
1 000°C for 30 m inu tes, occasionally sw irling the m elt to ensu re thorou gh
m ixing. Qu ench the m elt by im m ersing the bottom half of the hot crucible
in cold w ater, then place the crucible and lid in abou t 100 m l of hot w ater
contained in a p latinu m or porcelain evap orating basin. Cover the basin
w ith a clock glass and ad d a few d rop s of absolu te alcohol. Then grad u ally
ad d 30 m l of hyd rochloric acid ( sp gr I.16 ). Warm u ntil the m elt is com -
pletely d isintegrated and rem ove the crucible and lid , w ashing them
thorou ghly and scru bbing them w ith a ru bber-tip p ed rod . Cru sh any lu m p s
rem aining in the solu tion.
5.4.2 Evap orate the solu tion, obtained from the fu sion, to d ryness break-
ing u p from tim e to tim e the cru st that form s and hind er evap oration. When
the resid ue is com p letely d ry, cover the basin w ith a clock glass and d rench
the resid ue w ith abou t 20 m l of hyd rochloric acid ( sp gr 1.16 ). Allow to
stand for a few m inu tes, then ad d abou t 75 m l of hot, w ater to d issolve the
salts. Digest on a steam -bath for 5 m inu tes, then filter throu gh an ashless
filter p ap er ( N o. 40 Whatm an p ap er or equivalent ). Transfer the silica
to the filter w ith a jet of. hot w ater; it is necessary to scru b the basin. Wash
the resid ue five tim es w ith hot d ilu te hyd rochloric acid ( one p ercent )
follow ed by hot w ater u ntil it is free from chlorid es. Reserve the resid ue
8
rs rl7 2 7 -l!w
9
five minutes for the precipitate to settle and filter through an ashlesa filter
paper ( N o. 41 Whatman paper or equivalent ). Transfer the precipitate
to the filter and w ash five times w ith hot faintly ammoniacal ammonium
nitrate solution ( one percent ). Reserve the i&ate and w ashings and
transfer the precipitate back to the precipitation beaker. Moisten the
paper w ith hot dilute hydrochloric acid ( 50 percent ) and w ash thoroughly
w ith w ater adding these w ashings to the precipitation beaker. Reserve
the paper for ignition. D issolve the residue in a slight excess of hydrochlo-
ric acid, add one gram solid ammonium chloride and dilute the solution
to about 300 ml w ith w ater. Repeat the precipitation as before and w hen
the precipitation is complete add some macerated filter-paper pulp or filter
accelerator and stir vigorously. Filter through another ashless filter paper
( N o. 41 Whatman paper or equivalent ) and w ash the precipitate free
from chlorides w ith hot faintly ammoniacal ammonium nitrate solution and
reserve the precipitate and paper for ignition.
5.5.2 Acidify the combined reserved filtrate w ith hydrochloric acid and
evaporate to about 150 ml. Make it just alkaline to methyl red w ith dilute
ammonia solution ( 50 percent ). Any precipitate should be filtered off,
reprecipitated, w ashed as before and reserved for ignition. Acidify the
solution or the filtrate’ and w ashings w ith hydrochloric acid and reserve for
the determination of lime and magnesia.
5.53 Place the precipitates and papers reserved for ignition in a w eighed
platinum crucible and heat, slow ly at first, to dry the precipitates and char
the papers. Burn off the carbon and finally ignite the residue at 1050 to
1 100°C to constant w eight taking care to prevent reduction. The w eight
of combined ferric oxide, alumina and titanium oxide ( together represented
as RsO, ) is thus obtained.
55.4 If silica is suspected to be carried into the filtrate used for this esti-
mation, proceed as follow s:
Treat the residue in the crucible w ith a drop of w ater, about 5 ml
of hydrofluoric acid and a drop of sulphuric acid and evaporate
cautiously to dryness. Finally heat the crucible to 1 050 to 1 100%
for one or tw o minutes, cool and w eigh. The difference betw een
this w eight and the w eight previously obtained represents the
amount of residue silica. Subtract this amount from the w eight
of combined ferric oxide and alumina found in 5.5.3. Add the same
amount to the silica already determined in 5.4.5.
5.6 FerricOxide
5.6.1 A separate de termination of the f&c oxide is often not required
but w here called for shall be done as follow s:
I-&at the precipitate ( see N ote below ) obtained in 5.551 w ith
fused potassium or sodium pyrosulphate until solution is complete.
10
D issolve the fused materials in 50 ml of sulphuric acid ( 10 percent )
and evaporate to fumes. Cool, dilute w ith w ater, and filter off the
silica w ashing w ith hot w ater. Reserve the filtrate for the deter-
mination of ferric and titanium oxides. Ignite the silica in a
platinum crucible and w eigh. Treat to precipitate w ith 5 ml of
hydrofluoric acid and 2 to 3 drops of sulphuric acid. Evaporate
to dryness, ignite and w eigh. The loss in w eight represents extra
silica w hich should be added to that determined previously in
5.4.5 and also deducted from the w eight of the combined oxides,
R,O,, obtained in 5.5.3.
N crra - Instead of ‘&sing directly in the platinum crucible in w hich the RIO,, w as
ignited, the precipitate may be brushed into a porcelain crucible and then fused w ith
p o t a s a i u m o r s o d i u m pyrcsulphate. This avoids loss of platinum by the action of the
pyrcsulphate, and nq platinum ia present in the filtrate to interfere w ith the iron deter.
mination.
5.6.2 Evaporate the filtrate obtained in 5.6.1 to about 75 ml. Cool and
dilute to 100 ml in a volumetric flask. Add 25 ml of dilute hydrochloric
acid ( 50 percent ) and heat to boiling. Reduce the iron by adding stannous
chloride solution drop by drop from a pipette w ith con st a n t sw irling of the
beaker until the solution is colourless. Then add one drop in excess.
Cool quickly in running w ater, then add at one stroke 15 ml of saturated
mercuric chloride solution. Allow to stand for 3 minutes and then transfer
w ith the w ashing to a 1 000-ml beaker containing 300 ml of cold distilled
w ater and 25 ml of manganese sulphate solution. Titrate w ith standard
004 N potassium permaganate solution, added very slow ly w hile stirring
constantly, until a permanent pink end point is obtained, and calculate the
amount of ferric oxide present.
5.7 Uunina - Subtract the w eight of ferric oxide calculated as in 5.6.2
and the small amount of silica found in 5.6.1 from the total w eight of oxides
found under 5.55. The remainder is the w eight of alumina and of small
amounts of other oxides w hich may also be reported as alumina for purpose
of this analysis.
5.8 CaIeisun Osidt- To the filtrate from 5.5.1 reserved after determina-
tion of the combined ferric oxide and alumina, add one gram of ammonium
oxalate. Roil the solution, then add, w ith stirring, dilute ammonia solution
( 50 percent ) until the solution is alkaline, follow ed by an excess of 10 ml
ofdilute ammonia solution ( 50 percent 1. Cover the beaker w ith a clock
glass and digest on a w ater-bath for tw o hours. Allow to cool and stand,
preferably overnight, then filter through a filter paper ( N o. 42 Whatman
paper or equivalent ) and w ash the precipitate four times w ith cold
a m m ot i u m oxa l a t e solution ( one percent ). Reserve the filtrate and w ash-
ings for the dete rmination of magnesia.. Wash the precipitate back into the
precipitation beaker. Moisten the filter paper w ith hot dilute nitric acid
( 50 percent ) and dilute the solution to about 80 ml. Add about Q2 of
solid ammonium oxalate, boil the solution and precipitate the calcium o xa& te
11
IS : 1727 - 1967
12
Isrrm-l!m
filtrate, if necessary, Return the tilter paper to the beaker. Add 250 ml
of distilled water and continue the extraction for another 90 minutes. Filter
and wash the material on the filter paper three times with cold distilled water.
Add the filtrate and washings to the first filtrate in the 500-ml. flask and
make up to the mark using distilled water. Shake the flask well and pipette
out 200 ml to a weighed platinum dish ( or porcelain dish, glazed inside and
outside). Evaporate to dryness, and heat to constant weight at 105 to
110°C.
Calculate the percentage weight of the soluble salts as below:
Soluble salts, percent = 10 w
where
w = weight in grams of the dried material.
5.11.1 If the soluble salt content is more than 0.2 percent, analyse it further
for sulphates, chlorides and nitrate in accordance with the relevant standard
methods of chemical analysis.
5.12 Re pro du c ibilit y o f Re s alt s - Make blank determinations on the
reagents for each constituent of the pozzolana and apply corrections, where
necessary. In all cases, n&&e check determinations and repeat if satis-
factory checks are not obtained. The difference between check determina-
tions shall not exceed O-5 percent for silica and alumina and 0.2 percent
for the other constituents.
6. DETERMINATION OF FINENESS
6.1s Applrratus
6.13.1 No&# of a@mttu -The Blaine air permeability apparatus
consists essentially of a means of drawing a definite quantity of air through a
prepared bed of definite porosity. The number and size of the pores in a
prepared bed of cement of definite porosity is a function of the size of the
particles and determines the rate of air flow through the bed. The apparatus,
E;traa$ in Fig. 1, shall consist specifically of the parts described in 6.14.2
. .
6.1.2.2 Permeabili&cdl - The permeability cell shall consist of a rigid
cylinder 12.7 f 1 mm in inside diameter, constructed of glass or non-corroding
13
IS t 1 7 2 7 - 1 9 6 7
COUPLING TO FIT
BOTTOM OF CELL
FILTER P*PER
COUPLING TO FIT
----
TOP OF MANOMGTER ) FE&>j m
14
Is :1 7 2 7 9 l!J 6 7
6.1.2.4 Plungt r - The plunger shall fit into the cell w ith a clearance of
not more than 01 mm. The bottom of the plunger shall have sharp square
edges and shall be at right angles to the principal axis. An air vent shall
be provided either in the centre or on one side of the plunger. The top of
the plunger shall be provided w ith ‘a collar such that w hen the plunger is
placed in the cell and the collar brought in contact w ith the top of the cell,
the distance betw een the bottom of the plunger and the top of the perforated
disk shall be 15-O f 1.0 mm.
6.1.2.5 Filter jm@r - The filter paper shall be medium retentive
( corresponding to N o. 40 Whatman ). The filter paper disks shall be
circular, w ith smooth edges, and shah have the same diameter as the inside
of the w all. (Filter paper disks that are too small may leave part of the sample
adhering to the inner w all of the cell above the top disk. When too large in
diameter, the disks have tendency to buckle and cause erratic results. )
6.11.6 iM,,r+& - The U-tube manometer shall be ,constructed
according to the design indicated in Fig. 1, using nominal 9 mm outside
diameter, standard-w all glass tubing. The top of one arm of the manometer
shall fbrm an airtight connection w ith the permeability cell. The mano-
meter arm connected to the permeability cell shall have a line etched around
the tube at 125 to 145 mm below the top of the side outlet and also others
at distances of 15, 70 and 110 mm above that line. A side outlet shall be
provided at 250 to 305 mm above the bottom of the manometer for use in
the evacuation of the manometer arm connected to the permeability cell.
A positive airtight valve o r clamp shall be provided on the side outlet not
more than 50 mm Tom the manometer arm. The manometer shall be
mounted fumly and in such a manner that the arms are vertical.
6.1.2.7 Marw mct er liquid-The manometer shall be filled to the mid-
point w ith a nonvolatile, nonhygroscopic liquid of low viscosity and density,
such as dibutylphthalate ( dibutyl 1, 2benzenedicarboxylate ) or a light
grade of mineral oil.
6.1.2.8 Timer - The timer shall have a positive starting and stopping
echamsm and shall be capable of being read to the nearest 0.5 second or
%. The timer shall be accurate to @5 second or less for time intervals up to
60 seconds and to one percent or less for time intervals of 60 to 300 seconds.
6.19 CaMrarion of Appororur
6.1.3.1 Sam# ~%-The calibration of the air permeability apparatus
shall be made using N ational Bureau of Standards Standard Sample
N o. 114 or any other cement sample having specific surface equal to the
appropriate certificate value of N BS Standard Sample N o. 114. The sample
shall be at room temperature w hen tested.
.
N OTE- In the hence of N E3 Standard Sample N o. 114, sampler of Indian cementa
b8viq rpecificsurfice cquivdmt to N B!3 Standard SaunpleNo. 1i4 may be uaal; mxh
nmpla ma be obtainal from the ACC Central Rcaearcb station, Bamhy-m
Rad, P.O. Lgk IadustrialEstate, ( Tbuu ).
15
m 1 1 7 2 7 -1 9 6 7
16
IS8172711967
Non I- It ir not nccusary to use the standard sample for the bulk volume
determination.
NWX 2 -The prepared bed of cement shall be firm. If too loose or if the cement
cannot be compressed to the d&red volume, adjust the trial quantity of cement used.
ROOM DXNSITYOF v- OF
PoLwd
=-T?- ‘M X RCU RY
Ill=”
Am, It,
6.1 A Procedure
6.1.4.1 Tempraturt of tht test sample - The pozzolana sample shall be at
room temperature w hen tested.
18
ISr1727-1967
6.1.41 S&e of test sam&?e- The w eight of the pozzolana sample used for
the test shall be adjusted so that a firm, hard bed is produced in the cell by
compaction process.
6.1.4.3 Preparation of the bed of test sample - The test bed of pozzolana
sample shahbe prepared in accordance w ith the method described in 6.1.3.5.
6.1.4.4 Permeability test -The permeability test shall be made in
accordance w ith the method described in 6.1.3.6 except that only one time of
f l o w determination need be made on one prepared bed of pozzolana.
P(l --4dqwT8
8 PI ( 1 --G,) l/&d&d/ .....
S= ..I......................
(4)
P (1 -8) dqdZd/,
w here
S = specifk surface in cm2/g of the test sample;
s, = specific surface in cm’/g of the standard sample used in
calibration of the apparatus;
PI = specific gravity of standard sample used in calibration of
apparatus ( assumed to be 3.15 ) ;
e, = porosity of prepared bed of standard sample used in
calibration of apparatus;
e = porosity of prepared bed of test sample;
7 = measured time interval, in seconds, of manometer drop
for test sample;
P = specific gravity of test sample ( for Portland cement value
of 3.15 shall be used );
T, = measured time interval in seconds of -nometer drop for
standard sample used in calibration of the apparatus;
*, = viscosity of air in poises at the temperature of test of the
standard sample used in calibration of the apparatus; and
u k viscosity of air in poises at the temperature of test of the
test sample.
N ATE 1 -Values for t/7;- aud t/T may be taken from Tables I aud 2
respectively.
N ATE 2 -F+ation 3 shall. be used w hen tbe temperature of test and of the test
sample is w ithin *3X of the temperature of calibration teat of the standard fineness
sample, and quation 4 shall be used if the temperature of tats is outside this range.
19
Is t l7 2 7 -1 %7
o-495 O-348
0.496 o-349
o-497 od50
O-498 Oa52
0.499 O-353
0400 0354
O?iOl 0-w
o-502 O-356
o-503 o-357
O-504 O-358
O-505 0459
O-506 O-360
O-507 o-361
0.508 O-362
o-509 OS3
o-510 O-364
O-525 0*380
O-526 O-381
O-527 O-383
O-528 o-384
o-529 O-385
0.530 o-386
o-531 o-387
o-532 o-388
O-533 &389
o-534 oa90
o-535 O-391
20
6.1.6 R&s ts - A r et est sh a ll con sist of t wo det er m in a t ion s m a de a s
pr escr ibed in 6.1.4 a n d 6.1.5, u sin g a fr esh ly pr epa r ed t est bed of t h e sa m ple
for ea ch det qm in a t ion . Ca r e sh a ll be exer cised in t h e pr epa r a t ion of t h e
t est beds, a n d pr eca u t ion s sh a ll be t a ken t o en su r e a n a ir t igh t con n ect ion
bet ween t h e per m ea bilit y cell a n d t h e m a n om et er a r m . Th e fin en ess va lu e
r epor t ed sh a ll be t h e a ver a ge of t h e va lu es ca lcu la t ed fr om r et est det er m i-
n a t ion s a gr eein g wit h in 2 per cen t of ea ch ot h er .
NOTK-If tats are done at 8 other than @5, the actual rosity value shall be
reported a&n with finenas value, since it is known that the in xated value for fineness
ehangw with ht e decrease or increase ot’ the value of e.
6.2 D e te rm h u d o n o f F in e n e s s by S ie v in g
62.1 Sco#c- Th is m et h od of t est cover s t h e pr ocedu r e for det er m in in g
t h e fin en ess of pa r t icles by a sieve a n a lysis.
62.2 Ap~a m t u s- F ollowin g sieves con for m in g t o IS : 460-1962* sh a ll be
u sed:
3OOm icr on IS Sieve F or dr y sievin g
15O-m icr on IS Sieve F or dr y sievin g
lim icr on IS Sieve F or wet sievin g
45m icr on IS Sieve F or wet sievin g
NOTE- Where the requirements in the individual specification for a pouolanic
material d&r from the proviaionr o f t h i s c l a u a c , the former shall prevail.
21
Is:1727-1987
7.0 Either of the methods given in 7.1 and 7.2 may be used for determining
soundness of pozzolanic test mixtures.
7.1 6 Le Chatelier ’ Method- The test shall be done as specified in
IS : 4031-1968* Methcds of Physical Tests for HydraulicCement ’ except
that in place of cement, a mixture of pozzolana and cement in the propor-
tion 0.2 Jv: O-8 by w eight, blended intimately shall be used:
w here
Jv _ Specific gravity of pozzolana
- Specific gravity of cement
7.2 Autoclave Test -The test shall be done as specified inIS : 4031-
1968* except that a mixture of pozzolana and cement in the proportion as
indicated in 7.1 shall be used in place of cement.
7.2.1 When determining soundness by this method, not less than six
specimens shall be tested at a time for arriving at an average result.
8.1 The test for initial and final setting time of pozzolana w ith lime and
cement shall be done in accordance w ith the requirements of IS : 4031-
1968* except that a mixture of pozzolana and cement in the proportion as
indicated in 7.1 shall be used in place of cement for making the paste. The
determination of standard consistency shall also be carried out in
accordance w ith IS : 4031-1968* using the mixture of pozzolana and
cements in the proportion as indicated in 7.1 instead of cement for making
the paste.
9.1 Scope - This method of test covers the procedure for determining the
reactivity of the pozzolanic material w ith hydrated lime, as represented by
compressive strength of standard mortar test cubes prepared and tested
under specific conditions.
23
IS t 1 7 2 7- 1 9 6 7
24
Is t 1 7 2 7 -1 9 6 7
200 DIA 4
3% I
1
__ __ ____ -_____
I
----------------
t
E -SACK BOWL
PIN ASSV
&+_-d
9.3.2.4 Scra pn - Th e scr a per sh a ll con sist of a sem i-r igid r u bber bla de
a t t a ch ed t o a h a n dle a bou t 150 m m lon g. Th e bla de sh a ll be a bou t 75 m m
lon g, 50 m m wide, a n d t a per ed t o a t h in edge a bou t 1.5 m m t h ick.
93.3 FLOW Tab& and Acce.wric~ - Th e flow t a ble a n d a ccessor ies sh a ll
con for m t o t h e r equ ir em en t s given in IS : 5512-1969*.
*Flow table for use in tests of hydraulic cement and pozzolanic materials.
25
Is :1727-1967
26
IS : 1 7 2 7 - 1 9 6 7
obtained. Make each trial w ith fresh mortar. The mixing shall be done
mechanically by means of mixing apparatus as’described in 9.9.2. Place the
dry paddle and the dry bow l in the mixing position in the mixer. Then
introduce the materials for batch into the bow l and mix in the follow ing.
manner:
a) Place all the mixing w ater in the bow i.
b) Add the pozzolanic mixture to the w ater, then start the mixer and
mix at the slow speed ( 149 f 5 rev/min ) for 30 seconds.
c) Add the entire quantity of sand slow ly over a period of 30 seconds,
w hile mixing at slow speed.
d) Stop the mixer, change to medium speed ( 285 f 10 rev/min ),
and mix for 30 seconds.
e) Stop the mixer, and let the mortar stand for one and a half minutes.
D uring the first 15 seconds of this interval, quickly scrape dow n into
the batch any mortar that may have collected on the side of the bow l,
then for the remainder of this iuterval, cover the bow l w ith the lid.
f) Finish by mixing for one minute at medium speed ( 285 f 10
rev jm in ) .
g) In any case requiring a remixing interval, any mortar adhering to
the side of the bow l shall be quickly scraped dow n into a batch w ith
the scraper prior to remixing.
Upon the completion of mixing the mixing paddle shall be
shaken to remove excess mortar into the mixing bow l.
9.5.3.2 Carefully w ipe the flow -table top clean and dry and place the
mould at the centre. Place a layer of mortar mixed in accordance
w ith 9 .5 .3 .1 about 25 mm in thickness in the mould and tamp 20 times w ith
the tamping rod. The tamping pressure shall be first sufficient to ensure
uniform filling of the mould. Then fill the mould w ith mortar and tamp as
specified for the first layer. Cut off the mortar to a plane surface flush w ith
the top of the mould by draw ing the straight edge of a trow el ( held nearly
perpendicular to the mould ) w ith a saw ing motion across the top of the
mould. Wipe the table top clean and dry, particularly taking care to remove
any w ater from around the edge of the flow mould. Lift the mould aw ay
from the mortar one minute after completing the mixing operation. Im-
mediately drop the table through a height of 12.5 mm, ten times in six
seconds.
The flow is the resulting increase in average base diameter of the
mortar mass, measured on at least four diameters at approximately equi-
spaced intervals expressed as a percentage of the original base diameter.
9.5.4 The materials for each batch of moulds shall be mixed separately
using the quantities of dry materials, conforming to the proportions specified
in 9.!%2 and the quantity of w ater as determined in 9.5.3. Mixing of mortar
shall be done mechanically as described in 9 3 3 .1 .
27
IS r1 7 2 7 -1 9 6 7
28
Is r1 7 2 7 -1 9 6 7
105 Preparation of Mo rt ar
103.1 Clean appliances shall be used for mixing and the temperature
of the w ater and that of the test room at the time w hen the mixing operation
is being performed shall be 27 f 2°C ( see IS : 196-1966* ).
105.2 The dry materials for the standard test mortar shall be pozzolana :
cement : standard sand in proportion @2 N: O-8 : 3 by weight, blended
intimately,
where
Specific gravity of pozzolana
.N=
Specific gravity of cement
The amount of water for gauging shall be equal to that required to
give a flow of 105 f 5 percent with 25 drops in 15 seconds as determined
in 9LL3.
105.2.1 The following quantities of materials are suggested for prepara-
tion of the mortar:
1OOxJvg Pozzolana
4QOg Cement
1500 g Standard sand
These quantities will suffice for preparing six test specimens accord-
ing to 10.6.
1 0 5 .3 Th e materials for each batch of mot&b shall be mixed separately
using the quantities of dry materials, conforming to the proportions given
in 103.2 and the quantity of w ater as determined in accordance w ith the
procedure given in 9.!53 to give a %ow of 105 f 5 percent w ith 25 drops in
15 seconds. Mixing of mortar shall be done mechanically as described
in 953.1.
10.6 Mo aldin g Te s t S pe dm e n s - Immediately after mixing the mortar
in accordance w ith 9J.9, place the mortar in 50-mm cube moulds and
prepare test cubes in accordance w ith the method as given under 9.6.
10.7 Storage and Curing of S~acimena - Keep the cubes at a tempera-
ture of 27 f 2°C in an atmosphere of at least 90 percent relative humidity
rspccz~tion for rtnlorpheric coaditionrfor tatiag ( fa/f# $).
29
I8 : 1 7 2 7 - 1 9 6 7
1 1 .2 Apparat u s
1 1 .2 .1 Miring Apflaratus - The mixing apparatus shall be same as
specified in 9.3.2.
11.2.2 Joltang A@aratus -A typical design of the jolting apparatus is
show n in Fig. 4. The apparatus shall consist essentially of a rectangular
table rigidly connected by tw o light arms to a spindle at a horizontal distance
of 800 mm from the centre of the table. The table shall incorporate on its
low er face a projecting lug w ith a plane face, beneath w hich is a small stop
w ith a rounded upper surface. When the projecting lug rests on the stop,
its plane face and that of the table shall be horizontal. There shall be pro-
vided a cam made of hard or case-hardened steel, by means of w hich the
table can be raised and then allow ed to fall freely from a height of 15 mm
before the lug strikes the stop.
11.2.2.1 The cam shall be driven by means of an electric motor of about
250 W and a reduction gear at a speed of one revolution per second. It is
recommended that the motor be provided w ith a device w hich automatically
stops it after 60 jolts.
11.2.2.2 There shall be arrangements to place the mould shell on the
table,in such a w ay that the length of the three compartments is perpendicular
to the axis of rotation of the cam. The mould shall be located on the table
w ith the aid of suitable reference marks, so that the centre of the central
compartment is directly above the point of percussion. The mould sur-
mounted by its hopper shall be clamped rigidly to the table, for example, by
means of w ing nuts.
11.2.2.3 The combined w eight of the table, mould, hopper and clamps
shall be 20 f 1 kg.
11.2.2.4 The apparatus shall be fixed on a concrete base 1 000 x 300
mm and 800 mm high. The base plates of the tw o frames carrying the cam
and the spindle about w hich the table rotates shall each be fixed to the
concrete base by means of four anchor bolts, and w hen fixing them,
a thin layer of rich mortar shall be placed betw een the base plates
and the concrete base in order to ensure perfect contact.
11.2.2.5 To reduce noise, the concrete base shall be placed on four-
rubber pads of suitable size. The table shall be horizontal w hen at rest,
and the common normal through the point of contact of the lug and stop
shall be vertical. The lug striking face and the stop shall be replaced as
soon as the above condition is no longer met. Ball bearings shall be em-
ployed for the spindles about w hich the table and the cam rotate. If plain
bearings are used, the play of the spindles in them shall not exceed 0.1 mm.
11.2.3 Mo da3 - Th e moulds shall be made of hard steel not readily
attacked by the pozzolana mortar and shall embody three compartments
31
. 800 - &-IO04
AU dimensiona in miUimetra,
FIG. 4 JOLTING AP P NUTUS
IS : 1 7 2 7 - 1 9 6 7
pe rm it t in g the preparation
of three specimens at a time. The internal
dimension of each compartment, w hen assembled ready for use, shall be:
Length 160 f O-4 mm
Width 40 f O-1 mm
Height 40 f O-1 mm
11.2.3.1 The mould w alls shall be at least 10 mm thick, the internal
opposite faces of 40 x 160 mm shall be plane to w ithin 0.02 mm and the
angle betw een the base and the mould shall be 90 f WY.
11.2.3.2 The mould shall rest on a machined steel base plate to w hich it
shall be securely clamped. The mould shall be rigidly constructed but in
such a manner as to facilitate the removal of the moulded specimen
w ithout damage. The base plate shall accurately fit the mould to prevent
any leakage during filling and the parts of the mould w hen assembled
shall be ensured by suitable methods to be positively held together both
during the filling and subsequent removal of the filled mould from the jolting
apparatus, in order to prevent any damage to the moulded specimen.
11.233 Each compartment shall, in turn, be surmounted by a hopper
made of steel or non-ferrous metal, w ith vertical w alls 20 to 40 mm in height.
D uring filling, the interior vertical surfaces of the hopper shall be w ithin
those of the compartment by a distance not exceeding 0.4 mm.
11.2.4 Apparatus of Transverse Test - The apparatus for testing transverse
strength shall consist of tw o supports in the form of rollers 10 mm in diameter
and spaced 100 mm apart, w here the test prism is placed centrally w ith one
of its faces resting on them, and of a third roller of the same diameter equi-
distant from the first tw o and transmitting the applied load to the opposite
face of the prism. One of the supporting rollers shall be self-aligning. The
apparatus shall be fixed on to a testing machine w hich is capable of applying
and measuring small loads ( less than 1.00 kg ) w ith an accuracy of one per-
cent in the upper four-fifths of its range.
33
1 1 .4 .1 The mould and its hopper shall be fixed securely on the table of
the jolting apparatus by means of the clamp.
1 1 .5 Pre pm rat io n o f Mo rt ar
1 1 .5 .1 Clean appliances shall be used for mixing and the temperature of
the w ater and that of the test room at the time w hen the mixing operation
is being performed shall be 27 f 2°C.
11.5.2 The dry materials of the standard test mortar shall be pozzolana,:
cement: standard sand in proportion 0 .2 IV: 0 .8 : 3 by w eight, blended
intimately:
w here
N = Specific gravity of pozzolana
Specific gravity of cement
The w eight of w ater shall be equal to half the w eight of pozzolana
plus cement in the above mixture.
11.5.3 The materials for each batch of moulds shall be mixed separately
using the quantities of materials, conforming to the proportions given
in 11.55. Mixing of mortar shall be done mechanically as described
in 953.1.
11.6 Mo uldin g Te s t Spe c im e n s - After Iixing the mould and its hopper
on the jolting table, introduce directly from the mixer the first layer of mortar
of about 320 g into each of the moulding compartment ( for example, by
using a spoon of know n capacity). Spread this layer by means of a steel
plate levelling tool w hich is to be draw n tw ice forw ard and backw ard along
the mould w hile pressing its flanges against the top of the hopper. Give
66 jolts to the frrst mortar layer in 60 seconds. Then introduce a second
identical layer of mortar, level and compact as before. Lift the mould from
the jolting table and remove its hopper. Strike off the excessive mortar
w ith a metal straight edge held nearly vertical and moved slow ly along the
length of the mould w ith a transverse saw ing motion. Then smooth lightly
the surface, using the straight edge held almost flat.
11.7 Storage and Curing of Specimens -After completion of the jolt-
ing, cover the specimens in the mould by steel or rubber sheet and keep them
at a temperature of 27 f 2°C in an atmosphere of at least 90 percent rela-
tive humidity for 24 hours. At the end of that period, remove them from the
mould w ith due precautions, preferably w ith the apparatus show n in
Fig. 5. Immediately keep them submerged, preferably standing on end, in
saturated still w ater until the time for testing. The specimens shall be kept
apat from each other allow ing free access of w ater to all their faces.
11.7.1 The volume of curing w ater shall be at least four times that of the
test specimens. Half the curing w ater shall be replaced every lifteenth day.
34
I+
421
6--(
35
Is : 1727 - 1967
12.1 S c o p e - This method of test covers the procedure for determining the
drying shrinkage of pozzolana-cement mortar as obtained on rectangular
specimens prepared and tested under specified conditions.
12.2 Apparatis
12.2.1 &&-The scales shall conform to the follow ing requirements:
On scales in use the permissible variation at a load of 1 000 g shall be
f 1.0 g. The permissible variation on new scales shall be one-half of thii
value. The sensibility reciprocal shall be not greater than tw ice the
permissible variation.
12.2.2 W eight s - The permissible variations on w eights in use in w eighing
the cement shall be as prescribed in Table 3.
36
IS t1727-1967
8 g
500 0.35
300 0.30
250 0.25
200 o-20
100 o-15
50 0.10
123.3 Tro w e l- This shall have a steel blad e 100 to 150 m m in length
w ith straight ed ges.
12.2.4 Length Comparator - Changes 3 length of the test specim en shall be
m easu red by a d ial gau ge or m icrom eter com p arator having a range of at
least 7.6 m m . The instru m ent shall be grad u ated to at least O-025 m m and ,
w hen tested at any p oint throu ghou t its range, the error shall be not greater
than fO*050 m m . The d ifference betw een repeated m easu rem ents shall be
not greater than O-025 m m . The com p arator shall be equ ip p ed w ith a steel
reference bar having an insu lating grip and shall be frequ ently checked w ith
this reference bar.
12.2.5 Flow Table - Com p onents, accessories ( includ ing m ou ld ),
m ou nting and lu brication of flow table shall conform to IS : 5512-1969*
12.3 S ize a n d N u m be r o f Te s t S p e c im e n s
12.3.1 Th e test specim ens shall be in the form of rectangu lar bars
25 x 25 m m in section and 250 m m long.
123.2 Unless otherw ise specified in the relevant specification for the
p ozzolana, three or m ore specim ens shall be m ad e for each period of test
specified .
12.4 P re p a ra tio n o f Mo u ld s -Th e m ou ld s shall be thinly covered w ith
m ineral oil; after this op eration the stainless steel or non-corrod ing m etal
reference p oints shall be set, care being taken to keep them clean and free of
oil.
12b5 P re p a ra tio n o f Mo rta r
12.5.1 Clean appliances shall be u sed for m ixing, and the tem p eratu re of
the w ater and that of the test room at the tim e w hen the m ixing op erations
is being p erform ed shall be 27 &2X,
*Flow table for use in tati of hydraulic cement and pozzolanic mate&&
37
fs:l727-1967
1 2 5 2 The dry materials for the standard test mortar shall be pozzolana :
cement : standard sand in proportion 0*2N : O-8 : 3 by w eight, blended
intimately:
w here
Specific gravity of pozzolana
N=
Specific gravity of cement
The amount of w ater for gauging shall be equal to that required to
give a flow betw een 100 and 115 percent w ith 25 drops in 15 seconds, as
determined in 9.53.
12.5.2.1 The follow ing quantities of materials are suggested for pre-
paration of the mortar:
6OxN g Pozzolana
24Og Cement
9OOg Standard sand
12.5.3 The materials for each batch of moulds shall be mixed separately
using the quantities of dry materials, conforming to the proportions given
in 12.5.2 and the quantity of w ater as determined in accordance w ith the
Procedure given in 9.5.3 to give a flow of 100 to 115 percent w ith 25 drops
m 15 seconds. Mixing shall be done mechanically as described in 96.3.1.
12.6 Mo uldin g S pe c im e n s - Immediately follow ing the completion of
mixing, the test specimen shall be moulded in tw o layers, each layer being
compacted w ith the thumbs and forefingers by pressing the mortar into the
comers, around the reference inserts and along the surfaces of the moulds
until a homogeneous specimen is obtained. After the top layer has been
compacted, the mortar shall be levelled off flush w ith the top of the mould
and the surface smoothed w ith a few strokes of the trow el. D uring the
operations of mixing and moulding, the hands shall be protected by rubber
gloves.
12.7 Roetdura of Te s t
12.7.1 After filling the moulds, place them immediately in a moist room or
moist closet for 24 f 2 hours. Then remove the specimens from the moulds
and immediately immerse in w ater at 27 f 2°C and allow @em to remain
there for six days.
12.7.2 Remove the specimens from the w ater and measure for length
using a length comparator. Protect specimens against loss of moisture prior
to reading for initial length. The temperature of the test specimens at
the time of initial measurement shall be 27 f,2“C. Store the specimens
in a closet or room maintained at 27 f 2°C and 50 f 5 percent rclatk
humidity. Measure the length of the specimens again 28 days after the
initial measurement. Place the specimens in the comparator w ith the same
38
ls,17!27-I%7
end uppermost w ith respect to the position of the specimens as w hen the
initial measurement w as made. When making the measurements, the
specimens, comparator, and the reference bar shall be at a temperature
of 27 f 2°C.
13.1 - This method of test covers the procedure for determining khe
3Yo ‘ty to w ater of the pozzolana mortar prepared and cured under
permeab
specified conditions, by measuring the percolation of w ater through standard
cylindrical specimens.
133 l@tasi&
133.1 The dry materials for the standard test mortar shall be pozzolona :
39
CONNECTION TO
WASHER I AIR CYLINDER
z
T-L/
z-
-&0r,
-
2Bp
RUBBER t ,
1 LWATER INLET
WASHER
120 I ‘\
100 g-
11:
#- WATER CELL
t- I
RUBBEi
WASHER
I
SO
3 SPECIMEN CAST
IN THE CYLINDER
BOTTOM PLATE
% ‘p
LWATER OUTLET
SECTION XX
All dimensions in mihnetres.
FIG. 6 DETAILS OF PERMEABILITYUNIT
40
BBER PIPE
ASS OR POLVTIENE PIPE
SECTION xx
FIG. 7 GENERAL
&mANQEMENT OF PERMRABILJTY TES TUNIT
AMMER
TUBULAR GUIDE
RUBBER GASKET
42
IS t l7 2 7 -1 %;
13.4.2 The materials for each batch of moulds shall be mixed separately
using the quantities of dry materials, conforming to the proportions given
in 13.3.1 and the quantity of w ater as determined in accordance w ith the
procedure given in 9.5.3 to give a flow of 105 f 5 percent w ith 25 drops in
15 seconds. Mixing shall be done mechanically as described in 9.5.3.1.
43
lstl727-1967
wh er e
K = coefficien t of per m ea bilit y in cm /xc/u n it gr a dien t ,
Q = qu a n t it y of wa t er collect ed in g,
J = t h ickn ess of t h e specim en s, in cm ,
w = den sit y of wa t er in g/cm * n or m a lly equ a l t o on e,
a = a r ea of cr oss-sect ion of t h e specim en in cm *,
T = t im e of collect ion in secon ds, a n d
h = n et pr essu r e h ea d on t h e specim en in cm of wa t er .
Th e a ver a ge for t h r ee specim en s sh a ll be r epor t ed a s t h e per m ea bilit y
oft h epr or b=
l&9 Fdt y Spe dlwM ad Re t e s t s -Spe c im e n s t h a t a r e m a n ifa t ly
fa u lt y or t h a t give per m ea bilit y va lu es differ in g by m or e t h a n 15 per cen t
fr om t h e a ver a ge sh a ll n ot be con sider ed. In su ch ca ses, a r et est sh a ll be
m a de.
1 4 .1 Sup- These tests will h elp t o fin d ou t t h e efh xt iven ess of a few
pozzola n a s in r edu cin g t h e h a r m fu l effect s of a lka li-a ggr ega t e r ea ct ion in
con cr et e. H owever , t h e t est s a r e n ot a pplica ble t o a ll t ypes of pozzola n a .
141 A-
143.1 Rh n &on con t a &s - Th ese sh a ll be of 50 t o 75 m l ca pa cit y, m a de
of st a in less st eel or ot h er cor r osion -r esist a n t m a t er ia l a n d fit t ed wit h
a ir -t igh t cover s.
IS : 1 7 2 7 1 1 9 6 7
1 4 .3 Re age n t s
a ) Un less ot h er wise in dica t ed, a ll r ea gen t s u sed sh a ll be a n a lyt ica l
r ea gen t s. Wa t er u sed sh a ll be dist illed wa t er , u n less ot h er wise
st a t ed.
b) Standard sodium hydroxide - P r epa r e a 1900 f P O10 N sodiu m
h ydr oxide. solu t ion a n d st a n da r dize t o f OS001 J V. Use wa t er
t h a t h a s been boiled u n t il fr ee of ca r bon dioxide for pr epa r in g t h e
solu t ion .
c) Hydrochloric acid - sp gr l-16.
d) Standard hydrochloric acid - P r epa r e a ppr oxim a t ely 0.05 X h y-
dr och lor ic a cid a n d st a n da r dize t o f O*OOO1 J V. St a n da r dize
t h e h ydr och lor ic a cid, for ea ch da y’s t est s, a ga in st a n a ppr oxim a t ely
@05 N st a n da r dized sodiu m h ydr oxide solu t ion .
e) Phenoi~hthalein indicatory solution - Dissolve on e gr a m of ph en ol-
ph t h a lein in 100 m l of et h a n ol ( 1 : 1 ).
45
Is r1 7 2 7 -1 9 6 7
applied as the filtration time. Every effort shall be made to achieve an equal
filtration time for all samples in a set, by uniformity of procedure in the
assembly of the filtration apparatus and the packing of the solids in* the
crucible.
14.4.4 Filter the blank according to the procedure described in 14.43
Apply the vacuum for the same length of time as the average filtration time
for the three specimens.
14.4.5 Immediately follow ing the completion of filtration, stir the filtrate
to assure homogeneity. Then take an aliquot of 10 ml of the filtrate and
dilute w ith w ater to 200 ml in a volumetric flask. Reserve this diluted solu-
tion for the determination of dissolved silica and reduction in alkalinity.
N OTE -In some cases, it may become necessary to add more than 25 ml of sodium
hydroxide solution either due to the solution becoming viscous or to the formation of a
gel. In such cases, the quantity of sodium hydroxide may be increased.
14.5 Silica Re le as e Te s t
14.5.5 Treat the silica thus obtained, w hich w ilI contain small amounts
of impurities, in the crucible w ith a few drops of w ater, about 10 ml of
hydrofluoric acid, and one drop of sulphuric acid, and M p o r a t c cautiously
to dryness. Finally heat the residue at 1050°C to 1100°C f& 1 to 2 minufu
46
xsrl727-1961
cool and w eigh. The difference betw een this w eight and the w eight previ-
ously obtained represents the amount of silica.
145.6 Make a blank determina tion, follow ing the same procedure as
dexribed in 14.5.1 to 14.5.4 using the same amount of dilute solution from
the blank and the same amounts of reagents.
14.5.7 Calculate the silica concentration in the solution originahy filtered
( su 14.4s ) as follow s:
sc=(Wr-- W, j x 3 330 ( see N ote )
w here
SC = ;zoFtration of silica in milliioles/litre in the original
14.6 Re du c t io n in AUulinity
14.6.1 Transfer a 20 ml aliquot of the dilute solution obtained as in 14.4
to a 125 ml Erlenmeyer flask. Add 2 or 3 drops of phenolphthalein solution,
uad titrate w ith 0.05 N hydrochloric acid to the phenolphthalein end point.
14.63 Calculate the reduction in alkalinity as follow s:
w.1 Appmtum
l5 .1 .1 The standard ‘Le chatelier’ flask confoaming to the dimenrionr
show BitlFii..shallbeused.
47
EWLA
AudimeAmsinmillimetrts.
48
--
1 5 .1 1 Warn B ath -A suitable water bath to accommodate the ‘h
l+~t t lit r ’fli%S k S h a ll&wed .
1 5 4 2 Ma t eAl - Ker os in e f%e eof wa t er or n a p t h a h a vin g a spcdk gravity
n ot les s t h a n @7 3 1 3 s h a llb eu s ed .
1 5 .5 Pr oced u r e
1 5 3 .1 S p ecific gr a vit y of p ozzola n a s h a ll b e d et er m in ed on t h e m a t er ia l
a s r eceived , u n les s ot h er wis e s p eciiied .
1 5 3 .2 Fill t h e Ba s k wit h k er os in e or n a p t h a t o a p oin t on t h e s t em b et ween
t h e zer o a n d t h e 1 m l m a r k a n d r ep la ce t h e s t op p er . Th en im m er s e t h e
fla s k in a con s t a n t t em p er a t u r e wa t er b a t h , m a in t a in ed a t a b ou t r oom
t em p er a t u r e, for s u fficien t in t er va l t o a void va r ia t ion s gr ea t er t h a n f 0 2 %
in t h e t em p er a t u r e of t h e liqu id in t h e fla s k . Ta k e t h e r ea d in g of t h e liqu id
in t h efla s k .
1 5 .5 3 In t r od u ce a weigh ed qu a n t it y of p ozzola n a in t o t h e fla s k , t a k in g
ca r e t h a t n o p or t ion of it a d h er e t o t h e in s id e of t h e fla s k a b ove t h e liqu id ,
b y s ligh t ly vib r a t in g t h e fla s k . Rep la ce t h e s t op p er a n d r oll t h e fla s k in a n
in clin ed p os it ion t o exp el a n y a ir b u b b le in t h e p ozzola n a . Th e level of t h e
liqu id will b e in it s fin a l p os it ion a t s om e p oin t of t h e u p p er s er ies of gr a d u a -
t ion s . Th e r ea d in g s h a ll b e t a k en a ft er t h e fla s k s im m er s ed in t h e wa t er b a t h .
N OTE l-A~b~pPdonthe~blemrrykuw dw hcn~~m~tbcBuL.
N ur~ 2--e&rlrnuybeheldin8vatiulpaitioninthcmtahthby~ob
a burette clamp.
49
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.
BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS
Headquarters:
Manak Bhavan, 9 Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, NEW DELHI 110002
Telephones: 323 0131,323 8375,323 9402
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TeIegrams+~enekSan$ha
(Common to all Offiie+ I
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MUMBAI 400093
Branch OiTices::
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lnstit&ion of Engineers (India) Building 1332 Shivaji Nagar, PUNE 411005 323635
( Page 6, chse 3.1 ) -Substitute the following for the existing clause :
‘3.1 Hydrated Lime - Standard hydrated lime supplied by National Gnmcii for
Cement and Building Materials, New Delhi shall be used in the tests. The
standard hydrated lime shall have the following composition :
CaO - 96 f 0.5 percent
MgO - 1 f 0.5 percent
SiO2, Max - 1.0 percent
Insoluble residue, Mar - 1.0 percent
(P a g e 6, clause 3.2 ) - Substitute the following for the existing clause:
‘32 Cement - Cement for use in the tests shall be 33 grade ordinary Portland
cement conforming to IS 269 : 1989.’
(P u g e 6, clause 5.1.1) - Substitute ‘IS 1070 : 1977’for ‘IS 1070 : 1960’.
(CED2)
‘Keep about 10 g sample in a large glass Petri dish and spread it evenly into a
thin layer. Put it in the oven maintained at 105 oC ± 5 °C for 1h to remove any
superficially adsorbed moisture. Take it out and keep in a desiccator and cool it
to room temperature for chemical analysis.’
(Page 8, clause 5.3) — Substitute the following for the existing clause:
m1 m2
Percent loss on ignition = 100
m1
NOTE — The significance of the determination of loss on ignition shall vary according to the
nature of the sample. The figure obtained may include loss due to the oxidation of any
carbonaceous matter and gain due to the oxidation of any ferrous iron present.’
(Page 8, clause 5.4.1, line 1) — Substitute 'Fuse about 1g of the oven dried
(accurately weighed up to four decimal places)' for 'Fuse one gram of the air
dried'.
(CED 2)
Reprography Unit, BIS, New Delhi, India