3 function automatic air release valve

Mod. Golia
To complete aqueduct air release valve offer and to satisfy the demand for corrosion proof
fittings, we have the pleasure to propose Mod. GOLIA, suitable for conduits from DN 600
to 900 in the case of Mod.150 and for conduits from DN 900 to1400 in the case of Mod. 200.

Project characteristics
Bearing in mind the experience we have
accumulated in the last few years, research
carried out and our customer suggestions we
have designed a product that:
- is simple and compact with single-chambered
kinetic construction;
- has sophisticated technical solutions that
have been tested with the MAX model air
release automatism;
- is safe, thanks to the use of a solid, cylindrical,
guided PEAD float joined to a large opening
PEAD shutter that avoids sticking problem
with the sealing gasket;
- is corrosion resistant thanks to the use of
stainless steel for body and internal parts;
- has great air release capacity thanks to total
passage.

23
 m3/h
6000 6000
m3/h

DN 200
DN 200

5000 5000

4000 4000

3000 3000
DN 150
DN 150
AIR INFLOW RATE FOR PIPE DRAINING

2000 2000

AIR OUTFLOW RATE FOR PIPE filling

1000 1000

0 0
0,7 0,75 0,8 0,85 0,9 0,95 1 1,05 1,1 1,15 1,2 1,25 1,3

PRESSURE IN BAR
Q (scf/min)
10 20 30 40 50 60

Nozzle flow rates expressed in ml/sec regarding P(bar) 600 P (psi)

40
different DN according to pressure. 550

For higher flow rates please contact us. 35

DN 150
500
/
O2,4 450
30
400
25 350
DN 200
Positioning 20
/3
O 300

Refer to suggestions included in the first part of this 250

15
catalogue 200

10 150
100
5
50
Construction characteristics
0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28
Body, spacers, diffuser 304 Stainless steel Q (nl/s)
Upper flange, lower flange and cap
Fe 42 Completely painted with epoxy-polyester powder
Mobile nozzle block stainless steel and brass
Float and seal plug PEAD
Clasps and Nuts and Bolts A2 stainless steel
Sealing gaskets NBR
Valve with draining tap nickel brass
Lifting rings 8.8 galvanized

Weight
CONSTRUCTION PN A B C Kg

DN 150 10/16 285 416 60 38

DN 150 25 300 416 70 47
DN 200 10 340 477 60 62
DN 200 16 340 477 60 62
DN 200 25 360 477 70 73

24
 Air release valve
Mod. VENTOLO 1”
Its particular
compass lever
design, with only
one mobile
component,
guarantees the
automatic air
release during
w o r k i n g
condition s with a minimum pressure of 0,1
bar. Thanks to its technical features it can
meet the highest quality standards.

Q (scf/min)
5 10 15 20 25 30

600 P(psi)
P(bar) 40
550
35 500
/
O1,1
450
30
400
25
350

20 300
/
O1,7
250
15
200

10 150

100
5
50

0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Q (nl/s)
Design features
Body and cover in GS 400-12 epoxy
Operation principle coated
The float, a sphere in stainless steel linked Nozzle and joint in brass and stainless
to nozzle by a compass lever joint, is steel
Spherical float in staibless steel AISI 304
pushed upstream by the force of water Nuts and bolts in stainless steel A2
closing the main orifice. In working
conditions air tends to gather on the upper
part of Ventolo increasing little by little untill 123
the water level goes down. The float, no
loger supported, will drop allowing the
discharge of air.
145

Working conditions
Maximum pressure 40 bar
Minimum pressure 0,1 bar
Testing pressure 60 bar
 Automatic Combined Air Release Valve
Mod. EOLO 1”
Thanks to its combined nozzle, this valve allows large air volume intake and outflow during
pipeline filling and emptying phases as well as air release in working conditions. Its technical
characteristics lead this product to the maximum quality levels.

Design characteristics
- Two versions:
a) with 1" F tap and isolating ball valve;
b) as above and ND 50/65 multiple drilled
flange NP 10/16/25.
-perfect sealing at low pressures;
-stainless steel sphere coated with EPDM
vulcanized rubber;
-maintenance can be performed without
removing air release valve from conduit;
-maintenance free in drinking water;
- PN 10-16 nozzles upon request.

11
Operation
The float, a stainless steel sphere coated with EPDM vulcanized rubber, due to water thrust
effect, rises against the nozzle and pushes it upwards to perfectly close large and small
orifice (figure A).
During operation, entrapped air wich accumulates at peaks enter in the valves , volume
increase causes water level fall and thus the ball lowers consequently.
The ball, in this position, will not seal the small orifice allowing under pressure air outflow
while large orifice will remain closed thanks to internal pressure thrust.
In case of lack of water, during conduct filling or emptying, the unsustained sphere and the
nozzle will fall downwards (figure B) and they will rise once more when the water starts
flowing in.

Figura A Figura B

Q (scf/min) m3/h
5 10 15 20
40
p(bar) 25 350 P (psi)
/
O1,4
AIR INFLOW RATE FOR PIPE DRAINING

20 300 30

AIR OUTFLOW RATE FOR PIPE filling

250
15
200 20

150
10
100 10
5
50

0
0 2 4 6 8 0,7 0,75 0,8 0,85 0,9 0,95 1 1,05 1,1 1,15 1,2 1,25 1,3
Q (nl/s)
PRESSURE IN BAR
Construction characteristics
Semi-bodies and Multiple flanges GS 400-12 Internal
and external painting with alimentary polyester powder
Mobile nozzle group stainless steel and brass
Float stainless steel ball shell covered with vulcanized
EPDM rubber
Nuts and Bolts A2 stainless steel
Gaskets NBR
Valve with discharging tap in nickel-plated brass.

CONSTRUCTION A B C D E Weight
Kg

with 1" F valve 142 220 53 = = 5.3

Flanged 50/65 142 220 53 30 185 8.4

12
 Multifunction automatic air release valve
for aqueduct - Mod. FOX (patented)
CSA srl, after several years of conducting studies and research, pleasantly introduces the
new Fox series air valves. The project, begun with our Mod. MAX and continued with Mod.
GOLIA that will be described below, is based on a new single chamber kinetic air valve
concept with simple or overlapped floats that can be assembled in different ways to lead to
different outflows.

C
B

Construction and advantages

- Body in GS 400-12 provided with internal ribs obtained from molding to guide a middle
mobile block class PN40 at total passage up to DN 125;
- Mobile flanges PN 10/16/25/40 .
- Mobile block group formed by:
- A full polypropylene cylindrical float for the 2 functions version.
- A full polypropylene cylindrical float (A) and upper disk (B) assembled by nozzle and gasket
holder (C) for the 3 function version (see drawing);
- A system made up of a PP disk with a guiding bar and a spring to obtain the anti-shock
version of both previous versions
- Total passing main orifice sealing seat (D) up to DN 125
- Cap in GS400.
- Draining tap for chamber control and draining.
- Maintenance can be easily performed from the top without removing the valve from the
pipe.
- Full polypropylene cylindrical floats to avoid deforming phenomena at high pressure and lathe shaped
to guarantee:
a) a greater sliding precision inside the body processed ribs;
b) a perfectly vertical thrust;
c) avoid ball float “venturi effect” and “dynamic closure” during air inflow or outflow phase.

13
3 function analysis
with the aid of a simple graph:

1) Air Outflow.
- During pipeline filling , it is necessary to release as much air as
water flows in. The mobile group is laid on the aerodynamic diffuser
at the bottom of the body and the air, passing through the ribbed
circular crown, flows out from the main hole at atmospheric
pressure.(*)
When the water enters into the air valve the float, a particularly
processed full polypropylene cylinder with a threaded gasket holder,
raises and pushes the upper disk upwards against the main hole
sealing seat closing it perfectly.
The same thrust causes the small nozzle orifice (threaded on the
upper disk) to close when reaching the gasket.

2) Air release.
During operation, air pocket is accumulated in the upper part of
the air valve, little by little it is compressed and its pressure arrives
to water pressure, its volume increases pushing water downwards.
Following Archimede’s principle, the float (A) cannot be sustained
by water thrust, it will fall down to free nozzle hole (C) helping the
out-flow of air pocket, while the upper disk (B) will remain crushed
closing the main hole against the seat (D) due to internal pressure.
When air flows out, water level increases moving the float upwards
and closes the air release nozzle.

3) Air Inflow
- During pipeline draining or bursting phases it is necessary to
bring in as much air as the quantity of out-flowing water to avoid
vacuum conditions.
The mobile group lays at the bottom of the air valve when there
is no water, allowing large air quantity intake from the main
orifice.

(*) Proceed carefully during filling final phase, slowing operations as much as possible because sudden speed stop of fluid coming to the
air release valve causes considerable over-pressures that may cause serious conduit damage if ignored.

14
 Anti- water hammer feature

Construction
The automatism is made up of a disk (with 2 small orifices) with a guide bar threaded at the
centre and a stainless steel calling spring that lays on the seat middle nozzle.
Such simple construction guarantees satisfactory operation and it may equip 2 and 3 function
air release valves creating new products.

Operation
During vacuum condition, the mobile block is laid over the aerodynamic diffuser, the anti-
shock disk descends pulling the stainless steel spring and it allows a large volume of air to
return from the main orifice to compensate from the vacuum effect.
When lower pressure condition ends, the stainless steel spring pulls the anti-shock disk to
close the main orifice. Internal air must flow out now from both small disk orifices creating
a counter-pressure inside the conduct, that will slow down water speed avoiding such
phenomenon.

Applications

Deep pits
In a deep pit, the vertical tube that connects conduct and pump is normally full of air. When
the pump switches on, the water pushes air out from the air valve at extremely high speed
and creates a sudden valve closure and a destructive water hammer.
The use of a CSA air release valve Mod. Anti-shock, solves the problem by slowing down
the speed at which water arrives.

Column separation
Column separation is determined by fluid parameter variations that cause the pressure to
decrease, reaching the vacuum condition, with a subsequent subsequent formation of air
pockets and two wave fronts that travel independently.
When such cavity closes due to the arrival of fluid columns, an over-pressure stroke arises;
it is directly proportional to column speed, and it may be destructive.
Also in this case, CSA air valve Mod. Anti-shock can be positioned in a critical point resulting
in the best solution for such a problem. This equipment will avoid vacuum conditions allowing
the entrance of the air volume and controlling air out-flow to lower the sudden impact.

15
We will illustrate the ”3 function anti-shock” with the aid
of a simple graph.

1) Air inflow
During vacuum condition, due to the causes explained above,
the mobile group lays on the air release valve aerodynamic
diffuser. The “anti-shock disk” is lowered overcoming spring
contrast and allowing large air quantity entrance from the main
orifice, passing from the circular crown created by body ribs.

2) Controlled air outflow

When the vacuum condition phase is over, anti-shock disk is
taken back by the spring to the original position and it closes the
main orifice while the mobile group remains laid on the diffuser.
Air found on the conduct and on air valve is slowly released from
the small orifices located on the disk. Slowing down the air outflow
creates a counter-pressure inside the pipe that reduces the
velocity of the incoming fluid (avoiding water hammer caused by
sudden valve closure ).

3) Air release.
Air valve behaves as a simple 3 function air valve, the only difference
is represented by the “anti-shock disk“ that interposes between the
main hole disk and seat.
When water arrives, the mobile group lifts and compresses the
“anti-shock disk” lowering the gasket and closing the main orifice.
Under pressure, air pocket accumulation keeps the upper sealing
disk in the closed position crushed against the anti-shock disk, and
it lowers the float underneath letting the nozzle orifice free releasing
air until the water closes it through the ascending level.

16
As previously explained, 2 function and 2 function anti-shock models, represented below,
are available.

In the 2 function version the air valve In the 2 function anti-shock version the
guarantees large air inflow and outflow air valve guarantees the entrance of large
quantities during pipeline filling and draining air quantity during pipe bursting or draining
phases. phases and controlled air outflow speed.

Construc characteristics
Body, Cap and Flange Float polypropylene
GS 400-12 Internally and externally painted Nuts and Bolts galvanized steel or stainless
with epoxy powder steel
Upper disk polypropylene Gaskets NBR
Nozzle brass Control tap brass

A
Weight
CONSTRUCTION A B C D Kg

Threaded 2" 142 245 = CH 75 6,4

Flanged 50 142 255 165 = 8,3
Flanged 65 142 255 185 = 8,5
B
Flanged 80 174 290 200 = 12,4
Flanged 100 217 337 220 = 19
Flanged 125 267 337 250 = 37
Flanged 150 267 414 285 = 40
Flanged 200 326 480 340 = 55,6 C D

17
 Technical characteristics

Air release valve DN choice for pipe filling at 1 mt/sec speed.

FOX 2”-50-65 for pipes from DN 50 to DN 250
FOX 80 for pipes from DN 250 to DN 450
FOX 100 for pipes from DN 450 to DN 550
FOX 125-150 for pipes from DN 550 to DN 700
FOX 200 for pipes from DN 700 to DN 1000

Working conditions
Drinking water 70∞ max Q (scf/min)
Maximum operating pressure 40 bar 10 20 30 40 50 60

Minimum operating pressure 0.3 bar P(bar) 40

600 P(psi)
DN 2"-50-65
DN 80 DN 100 550
/ 1,2
O / 1,5
O /2
O
35 500
DN 125-150
/ 2,4
O
450
30
400
25
350
DN 200
/3
O
300
20
250
15
200

10 150
Flow rates are indicated in nl/sec of nozzles
100
regarding different DN according to pressure. 5
50
For higher flow rates, please contact us.
0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28
Q (nl/s)

Hydraulic characteristics
Characteristic curve of intaking and discharging flow rate through the main orifice.

m3/h m3/h
5000 5000

DN 200
DN 200
4000 4000

3000 3000

DN 125 -150
DN 125 -150

2000 2000

DN 100
AIR OUTFLOW RATE FOR PIPE filling
AIR INFLOW RATE FOR PIPE DRAINING

DN 100

DN 80
1000 DN 80 1000
800 800
600 600
DN 2" - 50 - 65 DN 2" - 50 - 65
400 400
200 200
0 0
0,7 0,75 0,8 0,85 0,9 0,95 1 1,05 1,1 1,15 1,2 1,25 1,3
PRESSURE IN BAR

18
Three function automatic air release valve
with built-in sectioning valve - Mod. MAX *
Air release valves guarantee under pressure aqueduct system correct operation allowing
degassing of air found during operation and large air volume return or outflow during conduct
emptying or filling.
This model represents and completes the above described FOX model evolution. It is indeed
similar, but with a built-in sectioning valve.

Project characteristics - Mobile group guided by 4 ribs obtained by

- Completely constructed in ductile iron GS
400.12;
- Total passage section. Internal mobile
group of a patented exclusive internal shape;
- Built-in sectioning valve (*patented);
- Maintenance can be performed without
removing air release valves from the conduct;
- Drain tap to control or empty chamber;
fusion in the body and from upper guiding
bush;
- Sealing obtained with easily available NBR
O-Rings;
- Internal and External painting with
alimentary epoxy- polyester powder;
- Perfect sealing at low pressures;
- PN 25 version.

19
Air release valve is made up of:
- Revolving ductile cast iron body with four internal ribs conceived for driving the floating
block , where the large orifice metal seat(containing the nozzle bush) is placed;
- A particularly shaped cover that allows the firmly linked body to rotate, thanks to a fused
30x30 square;
- A ductile cast iron flange coupling containing a nut crew where a threaded stem drives
the seal plug movement;
- The patented mobile block made up of a stainless steel float containing the nozzle gasket,
polypropylene upper disk where the nozzle is placed and that prevents it to stick to the sealing
gasket. Its special construction forms a single block but at the same time each part is
independent and grants perfect operation also thanks to stainless steel that is a guarantee
against corrosion and a safe element at high pressure;
- The sectioning seal plug (patented) irremovably inserted inside the body contains the
threaded stem and acts as a aerodynamic diffuser to protect the float from any water or air
projections. It also allows quicker fillings if compared to other common air release valves;(1)
- The stainless steel filter, placed under the cover, avoids all material re-sucking problems
during depression phase and protects the part from insects or other animals;
- The brass tap for chamber control and emptying.

(1) The float is not knocked and lifted by the arriving air that turns around it avoiding jerking that may be dangerous for
float and air release valve integrity, and also avoiding sudden opening or closing that cause successive water hammers.

Sectioning valve
A built-in sectioning valve, allows maintenance or checking during pipe operation. Sectioning is
obtained by revolving the body and consequently the seal plug through the 30x30 square found
in the cover.
Rotation, through the threaded stem connected to the fixed flange, changes into a rotor-translation
towards the seal plug bottom, that falls onto the gasket seal seat perfectly closing it.
In order to restart operating the body must be rotated in the opposite direction.

20
MAX performs three main functions:

1) Large air quantity out-flow.

During conduit filling phase, it is necessary to discharge
as much air as the quantity of liquid entering the
system. As it is positioned on the seal plug, the mobile
block does not come in contact with the air flow at
atmospheric pressure coming out from the upper metal
ring large orifice.
During the final filling phase it is very important to proceed carefully
and slowly, in fact, fluid speed sudden stop causes considerable over-
pressure that may seriously damage conduct.

2) Under pressure air degassing.

During operation, the air release valve is almost
completely filled with water, the float pushes the
sealing disk on the lower ring nut gasket and closes
the large orifice.
The accumulated degassed air under pressure
keeps the seal disk in a closing position but it lets
the float underneath fall, freeing the nozzle degassing
small orifice and discharging air until the rising water
closes it.

3) Large air quantity intake.

During conduit emptying or breaking phases,
it is necessary to let in as much air as the liquid
flowing out to avoid depression. The mobile
block, no longer sustained by the liquid, lies on
the seal-plug, allowing large air quantity intake.

21
 Technical characteristics

Air release valve DN choice for conduct filling at a speed of 1 m/s

Max 2” - 50/65 for conduits from DN 50 to DN 250
Max 80T/100R for conduits from DN 250 to DN 400
Max 100T/150R for conduits from DN 400 to DN 600

Hydraulic characteristics
Characteristic curve of intaking and discharging air flow rate through large orifice.
m3/h m3/h

2000 2000
1800 1800
1600 1600
AIR INFLOW RATE FOR PIPE DRAINING

DN 100/150 R DN 100/150 R

AIR OUTFLOW RATE FOR PIPE filling

1400 1400
1200 1200
1000 DN 80 DN 80 1000
800 800
600 600
400 DN 50/65 DN 50/65 400
200 200
0 0
0,7 0,75 0,8 0,85 0,9 0,95 1 1,05 1,1 1,15 1,2 1,25 1,3
PRESSURE IN BAR

Q (scf/min)
5 10 15 20 25
p(bar)
Flow rates are indicated in nl/sec of nozzles 25 DN 2"-50/65 350 p(psi)
regarding different DN according to pressure. 01,2 DN 80T/100R
01,5
300
For higher flow rates, please contact us. 20
DN 100T/150R
02 250
15
200

10 150

100
5
50
1
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Q (nl/s)

Construction characteristics

Body, Cover and Fla n g e

GS 400-12 Internally and externally
painted with epoxy powders
Upper disk polypropylene
Nozzle brass
Weight
Float AISI 304 stainless steel
CONSTRUCTION A B C D Kg Nuts and Bolts A2 stainless steel
Gaskets NBR
Threaded 2" 145 260 = CH 80 8,7 Seal plug Stainless steel/brass
DN50
Flanged 50/65 T 145 260 185 = 9,7 Shifting bush brass
Flanged 80T/100R 180 305 200 = 16,2 Threaded stem stainless steel
Seal plug sealing seat stainless
Flanged 100 T 215 360 235 = 23 steel
Flanged 150 215 365 340 = 26 Filter Stainless steel net
Control tap brass

22