PROTECTIVE RELAYS

PRINCIPLES AND APPLICATIONS SEMINAR

DAY 1 – MORNING SESSION

INTRODUCTION
PHASORS AND SYSTEM ARRANGEMENTS
• Relationship Between Currents and Voltages in Various System
Elements
• Types of Distribution Systems
• Substation Bus Arrangements
SHORT CIRCUIT THEORY AND TERMINOLOGY
• Symmetric versus Asymmetric Currents
• Momentary versus Interrupting Duties
SHORT CIRCUIT CALCULATIONS

• Types of Faults
• Modeling Methods
• Per-Unit Impedance Calculations
• Fault Calculations

DAY 1 – AFTERNOON SESSION

SYSTEM GROUNDING
• Terminology
• Ungrounded versus Grounded Systems
• Ground Fault Protection

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 PROTECTIVE RELAYS
PRINCIPLES AND APPLICATIONS SEMINAR
(CONT’D.)

DAY 2 – MORNING SESSION

SYMMETRICAL COMPONENTS
• Sequence Components
• Equivalent Circuit for Line to Ground Faults
NEC REQUIREMENTS AND COORDINATION BASICS
• NEC Requirements for Conductor Protection
• NEC Requirements for Transformer Protection
• Time-Current Coordination Intervals
• Selection of Relay Characteristics
• Application Examples

DAY 2 – AFTERNOON SESSION

CURRENT AND POTENTIAL TRANSFORMERS
• Types of CT's
• Connections
• ANSI Current Transformers
• IEC Current Transformers
FEEDER PROTECTION
• Coordinating Devices for Feeder Conductor Protection
• ABB REL 601 Feeder Protection Relay
• ABB REL 541/543/545 Feeder Terminal

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 PROTECTIVE RELAYS
PRINCIPLES AND APPLICATIONS SEMINAR
(CONT’D.)

DAY 3 – MORNING SESSION

FEEDER PROTECTION (Cont'd.)
• Pilot Wire Protection
• Distance Relaying
• ABB REL 521 Distance Protection Terminal
TRANSFORMER PROTECTION
• Overload versus Short Circuit Protection
• Primary versus Secondary Protection
• Effect of Transformer Connection
• Differential Protection for Transformers
• Issues Related to Transformer Differential Protection
• Over-excitation Protection for Transformer
• Typical Schemes Used for Transformer Protection
• ABB RET 521 Transformer Protection Terminal

DAY 3 – AFTERNOON SESSION

TRANSFORMER PROTECTION (Cont'd.)
• ABB RET 521 Transformer Protection Terminal

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 PROTECTIVE RELAYS
PRINCIPLES AND APPLICATIONS SEMINAR
(CONT’D.)

DAY 4 – MORNING SESSION

BUSBAR PROTECTION
• High Impedance Bus Differential Relaying
• Low to Moderate Impedance Restrained Differential Relaying
• ABB REL 500 Busbar Protection System
CAPACITOR PROTECTION
• Capacitor Unit Ratings
• Capacitor Bank Arrangements and Connections
• Capacitor Protection
WRAP-UP AND DISCUSSIONS

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapter 1 Introduction

Chapter 2 Phasors and System Arrangements

Chapter 3 Short Circuit Theory and Terminology

Chapter 4 Short Circuit Calculations

Chapter 5 System Grounding

Chapter 6 Symmetrical Components

Chapter 7 NEC Requirements and Coordination

Basics
Chapter 8 Current and Potential Transformers

Chapter 9 Feeder Protection

Chapter 10 Transformer Protection

Chapter 11 Busbar Protection

Chapter 12 Capacitor Protection

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