A mperescircwital.

la

Similar to Gauss's law in

electrostatics

we have Ampere's circuital Law in magnetostati

Amperes circuital Law State that the line

integral

of about closed
paths is to the

direct

current anyenclosed by that pathexactly equal

ie IF DI I

Proof Let there be a current carrying conductor which

is straight and infinite The magnetic field

II due to such conductor is

H II Zar a

of

dI odo
a a
E
adage
of out rdo do
O O

Tyga x271 Iq
r II DI I

Fairman
i IF due to infinitely long straight conductor
AI
We must have an idea about the
r direction of TI
doop In this case it is in direction
Let TI Hq of
From figure dh rd of
i HI DI Hof rd
Amperes circuital law says that IF did 3
 21T
Hence we can write Hog 8 dog I
O
ee 2718 Hof I ou Hof
t.gg
H zI rofCt1m
2 I due to a co axial cable
A co aerial cable has inner conductors with radius a m
and outer conductor with inner radius b m and
outer radius c m As shown in figure Inner conductor
carries a current 1 and outer conductor carries In

Carrider the medium is air

It is different for different regions in this setup
There are four regions where we may get different
H valuer ie
D seas 2 air b 3 b 2L C a 8 c

Tofi.net atregioniOie
8I
IF Hof in all regions
dI rdf of i in all regions

of II DI r Hof dog 218 x Hof

From ACL of DI I Hof 218 1 on I

Hof 2172

and IF Zay I I is the enclosed current

I IF II
How ever for region Ea

TO
 i it
a.IE sEa.caim47I 9
Inner conductors
with a'radius
For region de as rib and I is
current within y
radius ka
IF.DE Lar Hof
Total current I

tenthted I
current density
Iza
1
current swaying man.mn
Hof IMI current dainty x at x TF
bar air
It
and IF 2
of calm
2718

Regim ie b
E DI same as above ie
is 212 Hof and Hof It
218
The current enclosed It is as shown below

ehempufenmtcumauksedjnmwy.hn is

inner conductor fraction of current through

outer conductors
Fraction of current through outer conductor is

fractional area of
totalarea of outside outside conductor
conductor

Total area of outside conductor is Tle Tib

Fractional n u e Tir Tlb
Fractional current through outside conductor is

1 Tech b2 I 841
Ti d b b
Total enclosed current I I I b

sci III
I

Hq Haar 2 4152

Region 8 c

of II DI Hof 2178 Ianelosed

I enclosed I I O

i
Hof 2918 0 Hof O heure II O

r The distribution IF as r varies is shown

in the following graph

FA
k
Htt
µ
I d t reduces
further

0 a b C
 a
1EUR47
curl of a vector Curt F Texts
Curl it exit
In Cartesian coordinate system
R I I
Tex E Max Hay 2122

Hx Hy Hz
in cylindrical coordinate system

j ref
text f Hat Bros
Hdz
Hr mtg H

In spherical coordinate system

j r r Sino

Trait qq.tn 22r 2120 2129

Hr rho asinoltof

Some vector identities x v H FC v.it THE

T NF o
x err o

TixAxBEA nB7 Beu.n I a AT CAT Be

a.cn xi57 B2 CuxA 3 At xB
Stokes theorem Stoke's theorem states that the line
integral of any vector A around
a closed path is equal to the integral of
curl of A over open surface enclosed by
the closed path

ie
quit DI f
xTt3rdJ

Carrider a surface s as showin in figure

The surface is broken into incrementalsurfaces
as

tpply definition of Carl II dhe xH

to
or
of II de
Ts
XF Int n
GI DI Exit of
f NF DJ
r
ofII DI x 3 DJ

l Evaluate both sides of Stokes theorem for the

Following field
Ht Guy ate 3y2ay Alm And rectangular path
Wound the 2 EKE 5 key El 2 0 The
region
surface is in positive 2 direction
Stokes theorem faut DI III DJ
za
hits HIDE
Y f
b HT buy af
Ls c 3yhay Atm
DI to be considered is da and dy
 F di
HIDE fabHide Edt fed Edit
I t Iz t 13 t In dreati
die
fabiIndI
fz uyaa 3y2ayJ.dx asf bayda 63y
63X 7 063 Since
ya 1 at
path a b
III di
I my Aa 342ay dy if
fi 342dy 20
fedE di f xy ar 34ay da I Gayda 631 63 1
since4 1
at path
II DI 3y dy c d

i Of dk Iit2ztIstIu 63 Z 63 2 126 A LHS

To obtain puts
at ai at
exit b beat ids dray ai
794 021
NI id's 6k dx dy RHS

Dived 645sede dy 12 45 47 1 1
1 126
2
Since hits Pitts Stokes theorem is verified

Verify Stokes8 theorem

2
for the portion of cylindrical
the
surface
defined by Tyg ofLTyz 122 1.5 for fields
IF 282 Ztt Sing
Solution
rots
quit.dL ffv
y
a
 Consider Mts of II DI
b
I
IF.dk fabIrdIifjH.dI fde.dI fdnidiLxd
out
fahIrdt
qfjh2r tiJSincfg.rdog of
2

2 r Czti r
2
Sino def 2 2 1.5 1 2
fGs
28 284 Fk
For IL and 24 Ht.de o

II DE 2h 17 sing for rdf

130 L n
2
32 in Sncf rdp 2 22 2 2 Sinodef
1,2 4
a
22.627

OfII DI 28 284 t 22 627 5 bs 6 A

To find RHS XII DS 1

Hr o
f r of E Hq 28 1 Sino
THI T 212g 222
Ha o
12g
o
o railing
I 2i
µ Gagen E2icz DS.no
ino
j
f Sing I
2 2282 it E
1 22 82 r eel
sing
Text 2T Sinof 8 68 2 7 Sinof
D8 8 def dz I
NF DJ 282 sing r d dz 23 sinofdog dz
11 2 15
 11 2 15
f Texas DJ 223 fling doff dz 5.656 CA
ayy 1

Henie RHS LHS

Magnetrcftuxandthixbens.it
flux density is denoted by B
Magnetic and is related to
magnetic field intensity by B µ where µ is the
permeability Permeability offreespace is pro nano HIM
µ proper per relativepermeability
The magnetic flux a
flux density area

The flux crossing a

Wren area n

f first.DE

ifthe surface is cloud the total flux entering and

leaving the closed surface is always zero Hence there is no
net outflow of magnetic flux since there are no magnetic
monopoles Hence we may write
BIDI 0
1
Applying divergence theorem we can write
Birds B du o since volume is finite
F B 20
Find the flux passing the portion Aof a plane 01 9 4 defined
by 001 Crc 005M and 02222M current filament of 25A
is along 2 axis in the 2 direction in free space
I Igg B proHt Morton
2mV qg2j5
DJ drdz of 5xio Yz0f
1B2rdJ
5xyo7drdZfsBrdT d2
6
5xlo7o.f 1.609 10 Wb
 6
A radial field It 2 39 cos of ar Alm exists in freespace

Find the magnetic flux crossing the surface defined by

OEOf c Tyg and OEZE 1M

DJ B hoof ai
BT prox2.99 106
of J g
DJ 8dg de af
BT DJ pox 2 39 106 Cosof Olof DZ

JI DJ prox2.39 106 cosofdog foldz 2.1236

WH

Hector and Scalar Magnetic Potential

There are two magnetic potentials

scalars magnetic potential Vm such that Tex vVm o

Vector magnetic potential AT suchthat T FxA o

Cscalasmagneticpotent
UM must satisfy Tex vVm D
where IF TUM
i T HT 0 or 0 17 0
but Tex 3
Tx 0 only when 5 0

scalar magnetic potential is defined in source freeregion

a
Umag
fb II DL

for 52 0 F Um Or
 V 5d
Vector magnetic potential AT is defined such that
I r t xA o w k t T BT o always
v A B
w k t exit F Tx Btm 3 r a xD µo5

Tx Tx At IF No J
I
T turf T2AT pro J
i F xaxA turn EA

AT due to differential current element

At MoIdI_
AIR
Wblm

Obtain the expression for vector magnetic potential

dueto an
infinitely long straight conductor current carrying
I

IF due to infinite line current I apt

ri BT pro's

however B F i f to 2
Thakar
If I
Since IT has arty component take the 01 component of
THE ie x
Yaz Ar Az

RT THAT 2422 Ar r Az
Negate
g
Since 57 is a function of 8 arty hence A also
 r
2 Ar o
Iz

i Az Moi
2178
Aa
fMg g dr ta Lh IlnrtC
if Az at 8 80
then Cc MoIbnYo

Ah
Agate burs
z

E Agate bring at Wb m

Given AT a z asf 2 2 ay Wblm in acertain regionof

y
freespace
Showthat T AT O at PLL 1,3 Find F I and I

Tin
f y

edta2_y2xztfzlo7n_o.b
22Ag_t2hqt2aA2z

B Tx E Aof
Ay EI
224 C Ito app
Haa Hay
212oz z 3 AT
3y Z Hz
BTI 2k.am ay z 3 a

i at PC2 1,3 BT hate ay c397 Wblm2

AT e bari 12aywblm
H BIpo tpoL
uaa ay 3a7TN
F Tx
Haha.ge 971
Hgjz
 Given AT 100 f'T I Wblm Find Tt F and s T

of I DI 3
for circular path with f 1

goin At 100 f E
p pop d

IF
it 05
I i'hmm

Atm
1
g
Trait 225
Mo
505 AT A1m2

s I DJ DJ Pdf def I

DI
also I
JHerdt de ft Pdq of dad
Fists offa dotproduct
I 9 at f 4
No