Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Part B
Reading, listening and pronunciation
G Reading
Read the text about a museum, then choose the best option to complete each sentence below.
The Museum's various collections include some of the best, most significant and important
audiovisual material to be found anywhere in the world. Our collection of photographs contains
key pictures by the most important photographers of the last century and earlier, and our
extensive collection of photographic technology contains equipment from early photography to
modern innovative practice. It includes the world-famous Bronica Collection, a major collection
of equipment which tells the story of popular photography. Cinema and television are also
strongly represented, and there is a particularly large display of objects relating to the history
and development of television. This includes John Logie Baird's 1923 original, on which all
future models were based.
In addition to our permanent displays, the NMLS also hosts regular exhibitions and talks by
well-known people. Visitors can attend any of these for free. However, as these are usually very
popular, it is advisable to book a ticket in advance. You can do this by phone, although our lines
are usually very busy during the day, and you may not be able to get through. We therefore
recommend using our website instead. Visit www.visual-nmls.com, where you can download
and print tickets for fast priority access on the day.
The NMLS is also home to Central RTV, the area’s main broadcasting company. From here,
Central FM radio broadcasts locally 24 hours a day, and chat, quiz and game shows are filmed
in the studio, for distribution to networks nationwide. These include the nationally popular News
for the World, which is now in its 15th year. Visitors can watch these programmes being made
from a special gallery above the studio.
Tickets to NMLS are £8 for adults and £4 for children, or £15 for a family ticket (2 adults and up
to 3 children). You can either get these at the entrance, or in advance from our website. No
extra charge is made for booking by credit card. However, note that we do not currently accept
International Express or TopCash cards.
Example:
The building in which the NMLS is situated …
a is also a cinema.
b used to be a cinema.
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b a model.
33 The NMLS recommends using its website for exhibition and talk tickets because …
a it’s quicker then phoning.
b visitors might not be able to contact the museum by phone.
H Listening
Listen to part of a talk about an organisation called Mass Observation. Choose the best answer
(a, b or c).
Example:
Why did Harrisson, Madge and Jennings start Mass Observation?
a They wanted to know how people lived their lives.
b They wanted to meet ordinary people.
c They wanted ordinary people to send them their pictures.
I Pronunciation
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Listen to the sentences. Choose the correct pronunciation of the letter e, /ә/ or /i:/.
Example:
I really like pictures by a) the artist Andy Warhol, one of b) the most famous members of the
Pop art movement.
a /i:/
b /ә/
41 One of the photographs shows a ballet dancer putting on her shoes; a) the other shows
b) the dancer on stage.
a /ә/ /i:/
b /ә/ /i:/
43 Of all a) the bad meals I’ve had, that was b) the worst one ever.
a /ә/ /i:/
b /ә/ /i:/
44 a) The University has announced that b) the most popular courses are already full.
a /ә/ /i:/
b /ә/ /i:/
45 My brother has applied to a) the RAF, that’s b) the Royal Air Force, to become a pilot.
a /ә/ /i:/
b /ә/ /i:/
G Reading
Read about some famous ‘designer brand’ companies, and match each sentence to a company
A–H.
A Gucci
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Guccio Gucci founded the House of Gucci in 1921. He started out selling leather bags and other
items to wealthy horse riders and moved on to luxury luggage as his customers graduated from
horses to cars. Today, Gucci handbags are among the company's biggest money makers.
B Chanel
Chanel is one of today's best-known fashion brands, and has been since Coco (Gabrielle)
Chanel opened a hat shop in 1910. Coco Chanel set herself up as a fashion designer offering
women elegant, relaxed and functional clothes. The Chanel suit is still one of the world’s most
popular fashion items.
C Calvin Klein
Calvin Klein started producing coats for men and women in 1968. In the mid 1970s he created a
new fashion by putting his name on the back pocket of jeans. An inexpensive and unfashionable
item of clothing suddenly became an expensive designer item. Today the CK brand ranges from
high-end pieces to moderately priced casual clothes.
D Louis Vuitton
This French company producing luxury fashion and leather goods started life in 1854 as a
luggage shop. It is now part of the group LVMH. The company is famous for its leather
handbags and designer Marc Jacobs is its creative director. It is currently working with a series
of artists to create limited-edition handbags.
E Christian Dior
This fashion-house became famous after the Second World War for the ‘New Look,’ a fitted
jacket and full skirt. There had been a limited supply of material to make clothes during the war,
so Dior's excessive use of material was seen as a shocking new direction. John Galliano has
been the chief designer of Dior since 1996.
F Versace
Founded in Milan in 1978 by Gianni Versace, this Italian company was well known for its
extravagant designs. Since Versace’s death in 1997, the company has been run by his sister
Donatella and brother Santo, and is still completely owned by the Versace family.
G Giorgio Armani
This fashion and luxury goods group, run by founder Giorgio Armani, sells everything from
clothing to make-up and perfume and beautiful items for the home – all under seven different
brand names, but it is still best known for its menswear.
H Prada
The granddaughter of founder Mario Prada inherited his leather goods company in 1978.
Miuccia grew the Milan-based business into a haute-couture company, but it was her signature
Prada black nylon handbag that turned the company into a billion-dollar business.
Example:
Which company is part of another business organisation? D
Which company:
31 remains a family-owned business? ___
32 became extremely rich and successful because of just one product? ___
33 changed the products it made to reflect a change in the way people travelled? ___
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34 surprised people a lot with a famous outfit? ____
35 turned something that was usually quite cheap into a luxury item? ___
H Listening
Listen to extracts from a talk about English expressions that use the word money. Match the
expressions a–f to each description.
Example:
Description 1 b
36 Description 2 ____
37 Description 3 ____
38 Description 4 ____
39 Description 5 ____
40 Description 6 ____
I Pronunciation
Underline the stressed syllable in each word.
Example:
The supplier called to say they can supply the products at the usual price.
41 When import duties went up, the company was able to import far less.
42 The economy is in a bad way, and the economic crisis is set to continue for some time.
43 Some foreign produce has become so expensive that we are now having to produce a lot
of our own goods.
44 We aren’t making much profit because the business just isn’t profitable anymore.
45 The finance department have informed us that the business has some serious financial
problems.
G Reading
Read an article about the discovery of an ancient city. Decide if the statements are true (T),
false (F) or if the text doesn’t say (DS).
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The city of Petra, capital of the ancient Nabataean civilisation, is situated in the south of Jordan.
It is part of the Great Rift Valley, and is approximately 133 kilometres from the shores of the Gulf
of Aqaba in the Red Sea.
This amazing site was unknown to Europeans for centuries, because its location, hidden
amongst hills, means that it was very difficult to find. However, in 1812, an explorer called
Johann Ludwig Burckhardt set out on an expedition as part of the London based ‘Association
for Promoting the Discovery of the Interior Parts of Africa’. He had spent some years learning
Arabic and studying Islam, and he created a new identity for himself, travelling under the name
of Sheikh Ibrahim – a Muslim from India.
His fluent Arabic meant that as he was travelling through what is now Jordan (on his way to
Cairo), he was able to understand stories he kept hearing about an amazing ancient city hidden
in the hills. Access to the city was a great secret, known only to locals, so he had to make up an
excuse for wanting to see the city. He said that he wanted to pray at the tomb of the prophet
Aaron, which was on a hill near the city.
It seems that Burckhardt recognised Petra from his knowledge of classical literature. He had to
hide his excitement from his guides, but he wrote a full description of the place in his secret
diary. He also wrote to his employers describing what he had found, saying: ‘This place is very
interesting for its antiquities and the remains of an ancient city, which I (believe) to be Petra, the
capital of Arabia Petraea, a place which, as far as I know, no European traveller has ever
visited.’
In 1822, an account of what he had seen was published, and today, the site still inspires many
people to visit. Obviously, the journey today isn’t as dangerous as his and thousands of people
visit this incredible place. They enter through the narrow gorge of Al-Siq and make their way
through the hills for over a kilometre, before suddenly seeing the incredible building in front of
them.
The setting is spectacular, and many people talk about the fantastic colours. Petra was once
described in a poem by John William Burgon as a rose-red city. However, he had never actually
visited the city and based his poem on what he had heard, not on what he had seen! Petra is in
fact pink, with other colours appearing, such as yellow, purple, grey and white, but the colours
change constantly depending on the time of day and the light.
Example:
Johann Ludwig Burckhardt was from India. F
H Listening
Listen to two people talking about a story one of them has read. Choose the correct answer (a,
b or c).
Example:
Juliane Koepcke was going to meet her …
a mother.
b father.
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c parents.
I Pronunciation
Listen and choose the words you hear in the sentences.
Example
would arrive / wouldn’t arrive
G Reading
Read an article about love and hate, and complete the sentences below with one or two words
from the article.
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A love-hate relationship
People say that there is a fine line between love and hate. Recently, however, scientists have
carried out a study which discovered that biologically the two are much closer than we
previously thought. Love and hate, they say, are closely linked within the brain. Scientists who
were actually researching how the feeling of hate works within humans discovered that some of
the same neural circuits in the brain were used during the feelings of both love and hate.
So how did they find out? Seventeen people who said they really hated one person were
chosen to be tested in a laboratory experiment. Most of them chose somebody they had known,
or maybe a work colleague, although one person chose a famous politician! A brain scanner
was then used to find out how neural circuits in their brain behaved when they were shown
pictures of those people. The results showed that the neural circuits which became active were
in two parts of the brain called the putamen and the insula. These parts also become active in
situations that involve romantic love.
People can do extreme things both in the name of love and hate, and the results of this
experiment could explain why both emotions can result in extreme behaviour. Professor Semir
Zeki, of University College, London, led the experiment. He said that hate is often considered to
be bad and it is often thought that humans should learn to control it. For a biologist, however,
both hate and love are of equal interest. This is because hate, like love, can be a very irrational
emotion, and it can therefore make people do either extremely brave or extremely bad things.
One major difference between love and hate, however, is that large parts of the brain – those
associated with judgement and reasoning – ‘switch off’ when you see someone you love, but
only a small area is switched off when you see someone you hate. This means that you may
want to judge the person you hate, but you are likely to be less critical and judgemental of
people you love.
Example:
There is a close biological link between love and hate.
H Listening
Listen to some people talking about the things they would get rid off if they had the choice. For
each person, tick () the thing that they are talking about.
Example:
Speaker 1
a people who are rude
b people who are always late
c people who make excuses for everything
36 Speaker 2
a spiders
b mice
c snakes
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37 Speaker 3
a cars
b buses
c bicycles
38 Speaker 4
a personal stereos
b bad television programmes
c mobile phones
39 Speaker 5
a cats
b dogs
c babies
40 Speaker 6
a seafood
b fast food
c tobacco
I Pronunciation
Listen to the same sentence six times. Look at the meanings and write the correct letter next to
each sentence number below.
Meanings:
a I didn’t live in London, I lived in Paris.
b I didn’t go to a different restaurant almost every night.
c I wasn’t in Paris for a holiday.
d I didn’t go to the same bar almost every night.
e I didn’t go to the same restaurant every single night.
f I didn’t go to the same restaurant every afternoon.
Example:
0d
41 ____
42 ____
43 ____
44 ____
45 ____
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G Reading
Read about birthdays around the world, and answer the questions with the name of a country or
countries.
Example:
do people hit something or someone? Mexico, Scotland
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H Listening
Listen to someone talking about people’s famous last words. Answer the questions by choosing
the people they refer to (a–i).
a Julius Caesar
b Errol Flynn
c Douglas Fairbanks
d Leonardo da Vinci
e King Charles II
f Napoleon Bonaparte
g PT Barnum
h Anna Pavlova
i Edmund Gwenn
Example:
Who was surprised and upset about the way someone had behaved? a
36 Who thought that dying wasn’t the most difficult thing they had done? ___
37 Who was worried about someone’s future? ___
38 Who wanted to give a performance to people? ___
39 Who was worried they had made people upset and angry? ___
40 Who said they had enjoyed the things they did, and had no regrets? ___
I Pronunciation
Listen to some words which all contain a ‘silent’ letter. Write the silent letters.
Example:
Both words in the example contain a silent w.
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Unit 10
Part B
Reading, listening and pronunciation (40 marks)
G (4 marks per question – 20 marks)
31 Korea, Scotland, Vietnam
32 India, Japan
33 China
34 Japan, Nigeria
35 Vietnam
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