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14/12/2017 Electrical Machines - I - - Unit 4 - Week 3
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Unit 4 - Week 3
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Week1 1) A 100-kVA, 24/2.4 kV single-phase transformer is connected to a power source through a feeder of
impedance 24.8 + j132 Ω. The equivalent series impedance of the transformer referred to its low voltage
Week 2 side is 0.20 + j0.40 Ω. The load on the low-voltage side of the transformer is 80 kW at 0.8 pf lagging and
2200V. What is the voltage regulation of transformer in percentage?
Week 3
Lecture 7:
Voltage
Regulation of
Single Phase Accepted Answers:
Transformers
(Type: Range) 0.80,0.86
Lecture 8:
Parallel
10 points
Operation of
2) The equivalent circuit of a 5.5 kVA, 220V/440V, 50 Hz transformer referred to HV side is 10 points
Single Phase
Transformers shown in figure. What should be the applied voltage to the LV side when the transformer delivers rated
current at 0.7 power factor lagging at a terminal voltage of 400V?
Lecture 9:
Harmonics and
Switching
Transients in
Single Phase
Transformers
Quiz : Week 3:
Assignment
Week 3 :
Assignment
Solution
422 V
Feedback for 211 V
week 3
440 V
Week 4 220 V
Week 5
Week 6 Accepted Answers:

211 V
Week 7
3) The following data were obtained for a 5 kVA, 50 Hz, 200/1000 V single phase transformer: O.C.
Test (L.V. Side) : 200V, 1.2 A, 90W
Week 8
S.C. Test (H.V. Side): 50 V, 5A, 110W.
Week 9 What is the voltage regulation of the transformer in percentage, with full-load on the HV side at rated
voltage, The load power factor being 0.8 lagging?
Week 10
https://onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in/noc17_ec10/unit?unit=15&assessment=35 1/5
Week 11
Week 12 Accepted Answers:

(Type: Range) 4,4.8
10 points
4) For the transformer given in question-3, find the voltage regulation in percentage, when the load
power factor is 0.8 leading.
Accepted Answers:
(Type: Range) -0.85,-0.78
10 points
5) A single phase transformer of rating 200kVA, 8000/480 V has an equivalent leakage 10 points
reactance referred to secondary equal to 0.014 ohm. It is connected in parallel with another single phase
transformer of rating 350kVA, 8000/ 440 V having equivalent leakage reactance referred to secondary
equal to 0.026 ohm. What is the circulating current in the secondary windings of the parallel connected
transformers at no-load, when rated voltage is applied at primary?
500 A
750 A
1000 A
1250 A
Accepted Answers:
1000 A
6) For a transformer 10 points
Zero regulation occurs at lagging load and Maximum regulation occurs at leading
load.
Zero regulation occurs at leading load and Maximum regulation occurs at lagging load.
Zero regulation and Maximum regulation occurs at leading load.
Zero regulation and Maximum regulation occurs at lagging load.
Accepted Answers:
7) Which of the following diagrams approximately represents the inrush current in a 10 points
transformer?
Accepted Answers:
8) The harmonic components present in the no load current of a transformer is 10 points
∞
I = ∑ In
n=2
∞
I = ∑ In
n=2,4,8
∞
I = ∑ In
n=3
∞
I = ∑ In
n=3,5,7
Accepted Answers:
∞
I = ∑ In
n=3,5,7
9) Two transformers A and B are connected in parallel. The impedances referred to 10 points
secondary are ZA=0.15+j0.5 and ZB=0.1+j0.6. The no load terminal voltage are EA=200<0 and
EB=203<0. If the load impedance is 2+j2, find the power output of each transformer.
1.5kW and 7.6kW

4.7kW and 3.8kW
5.2kW and 6.5kW
10kW and 7kW
Accepted Answers:
4.7kW and 3.8kW
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Assignment - 3 : Solution
Q1.Solution
The circuit is shown in Fig.1
Figure 1: Circuit Configuration
The secondary current I2 is given by

80k
|I2 | = = 45.45A
(2200)(0.8)
The power factor 0.8 lagging, corresponds to an impedance angle of 36.87 o .
Hence, the secondary current phasor is given by
I2 = 45.45∠ − 36.87 o A
To find the voltage-regulation of the transformer, we have to find the primary side voltage of the transformer
referred to the secondary side
0
Vsource = 2200 + 45.45∠ − 36.87(0.2 + j0.40)
0
Vsource = 2218.19∠0.23
Therefore, the voltage regulation of the transformer is
2218.19 − 2200
VR= × 100 = 0.83%
2200
Q2.Solution
The rated secondary current of the transformer is given by

5500
I2 = = 12.5A
440
The primary side voltage, referred to the secondary side voltage, when the transformer delivers rated cur-
rent at the secondary at 400V is given by
Assignment No :3 onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in Page 1 / 7

0
V1 = 400 + 12.5∠ − 45.57 × (1.4 + j1.12)
0
V1 = 422.26∠ − 0.37
Hence, the magnitude of the actual voltage is
220
V1 = × 422.26 = 211.13V
440
Q3.Solution
From OC test on LV side;
Equivalent core-loss resistance referrred to LV side is given by

2002
Rc_LV = = 444.44Ω
90
The apparent power, under no load, Soc = Voc Ioc = 200 × 1.2 = 240V A
Thus, the reactive power is
p
Qoc = 2402 − 902 = 222.48 V AR
The magnetizing reactance, referred to LV side
2002
Xm = = 179.79Ω
222.48
The core-loss resistacne, and magnetizing reactance, referred to HV side
1000 2

Rc_HV = × 444.44 = 11.11 kΩ
200
1000 2

Xm_HV = × 179.79 = 4.49 kΩ
200
Rated current at HV side
5000
IHV _rated = =5A
1000
Since, the short-circuit test is conducted at HV side
The equivalent series resistance referred to HV side is given by

Psc 110
Req_HV = 2
= 2 = 4.4 Ω
Isc 5
The equivalent leakage impedance referred to HV side
Vsc 50
Zeq_HV = = = 10 Ω
Isc 5
The equivalent lekage reactance referred to HV side
p
Xeq_HV = 102 − 4.42 = 8.97Ω

Figure 2: Approximate equivalent circuit referred to HV side
The approximate equivalent circuit referred to the HV side is show in Fig.2.

The transformer primary voltage referred to the HV side, when it is delivering full-load at 0.8 pf lagging
with rated voltage at the secondary is given by;
0
VL = 1000 + 5∠ − 36.86 × (4.4 + j8.97)
0
VL = 1044.75∠1.24
Hence, voltage regulation is given by
1044.75 − 1000
VR= × 100 = 4.47%
1000
Q4.Solution
When the load power factor is 0.8 leading, the primary side voltage referred to the HV side is given by;
0
VL = 1000 + 5∠36.86 × (4.4 + j8.97)
0
VL = 991.91∠2.83
Hence, the voltage regulation is given by
991.91 − 1000
VR= = −0.809%
1000

Q5.Solution
Figure 3: Circuit diagram for problem - 5
From the Fig.3, the circulating current can be calculated as follows;

480 − 440
Icir = = 1000 A
0.014 + 0.026

Q7.Solution
Figure 4: Regulation of transformer
Q8.Solution
Figure 5: Inrush current in a transformer
When a transformer is connected to the supply depending on what point in the supply cycle it is,
the inrush current magnitude may vary from two times rated to no inrush current.

Q9.Solution
The no load current in a transformer approximately looks like the figure given above.
Considering the odd nature of the current, only odd harmonics are present in the current
∞
X
I = I1 + In
n=3,5,7
Figure 6: Transformer No Load current
Q10.Solution
Z1 Z2
ZL VL
Load
V’11 =200
'
V’22 =203
'

0 0
VL V − VL V22 − VL
IL = = 11 +
ZL Z1 Z2
Solving for VL
0 0
V Y1 + V22 Y2
VL = 11
Y1 + Y2 + YL
Where Y1 = 1/Z1 = 0.55 − j1.835
Y2 = 1/Z2 = 0.27 − j1.622
and YL = 1/ZL = 0.25 − j0.25
Subtituting and solving we get
VL = 185.44∠ − 2.78V
200∠0 − VL
∴ I1 =
0.15 + j0.5
203∠0 − VL
and I2 =
0.1 + j0.6
I1 = 33.14∠ − 42
I2 = 32.75∠ − 53.7
∴ Total apparent power delivered by transformer 1 = I1 V L = 33.14∠ − 42 × 185.44∠2.78
= 6145.5∠ − 39.2
∴ Total apparent power delivered by transformer 2 = I2 V L = 32.75∠ − 53.7 × 185.44∠2.78
= 6073.16∠ − 50.92
∴ Real power delivered by transformer 1 = 6145.5 cos(39.2) = 4762.4 W
Real power delivered by transformer 2 = 6073.16 cos(50.92) = 3828.55 W

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14/12/2017 Electrical Machines - I - - Unit 4 - Week 3

Courses » Electrical Machines - I Announcements Course Forum Progress Mentor

Week 6 Accepted Answers:

Week 12 Accepted Answers:

6) For a transformer 10 points

Zero regulation and Maximum regulation occurs at leading load.

Zero regulation and Maximum regulation occurs at lagging load.

8) The harmonic components present in the no load current of a transformer is 10 points

1.5kW and 7.6kW

Previous Page End

© 2014 NPTEL - Privacy & Terms - Honor Code - FAQs -

The circuit is shown in Fig.1

Figure 1: Circuit Configuration

The secondary current I2 is given by

The rated secondary current of the transformer is given by

Assignment No :3 onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in Page 1 / 7

From OC test on LV side;

Equivalent core-loss resistance referrred to LV side is given by

Since, the short-circuit test is conducted at HV side

The equivalent series resistance referred to HV side is given by

Assignment No :3 onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in Page 2 / 7

The approximate equivalent circuit referred to the HV side is show in Fig.2.

Assignment No :3 onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in Page 3 / 7

Figure 3: Circuit diagram for problem - 5

From the Fig.3, the circulating current can be calculated as follows;

Assignment No :3 onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in Page 4 / 7

Figure 4: Regulation of transformer

Figure 5: Inrush current in a transformer

Assignment No :3 onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in Page 5 / 7

Figure 6: Transformer No Load current

Assignment No :3 onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in Page 6 / 7

Assignment No :3 onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in Page 7 / 7

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