Disease Pathognomonic Sign

Cytomegalovirus infection Owl's eye appearance of inclusion bodies

Reed-Sternberg cells (giant mono- and multinucleated cells)

Hodgkin's lymphoma
upon microscopy

Lyme disease Erythema chronicum migrans

Filamentous material seen in inclusion bodies under electron
Inclusion body myositis
microscopy
Hypocalcemia Trousseau sign and Chvostek sign
Tetanus or Strychnine
Risus sardonicus
poisoning
Measles Koplik's spots
Wilson's disease Kayser–Fleischer ring
Diphtheria Pseudomembrane on tonsils, pharynx and nasal cavity
Chronic hemorrhagic
Grey-Turner's sign (ecchymosis in flank area)
pancreatitis
Cholera Rice-watery stool
Enteric fever Rose spots in abdomen
Meningitis Kernig's sign and Brudzinski's sign
Angina pectoris Levine's sign (hand clutching of chest)
Patent ductus arteriosus Machine-like murmur
[citation needed]
Parkinson's disease Pill-rolling tremors[citation needed]
Whipple's disease Oculo-masticatory myorhythmia
Acute myeloid leukemia Auer rod
Multiple sclerosis Bilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia
Pericarditis Pericardial friction rub
Rheumatic fever Aschoff bodies
Rabies Hydrophobia and negri bodies
Gout Tophi
MASC ETV6-NTRK3
Acute tubular necrosis Muddy brown casts
Granulosa cell tumour Call-Exner bodies
Malakoplakia Michaelis–Gutmann bodies
Narcolepsy (with cataplexy) Cataplexy
Endodermal sinus tumor Schiller–Duval body
Sickle cell disease Vaso-occlusive crises
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