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Appendix 4 of
Amendment 1 of
BS 7671:2008
By Geoff Cronshaw
Appendix 4 is an informative Installation methods and current ratings have been an inner skin of wood or
appendix within BS 7671. The reference methods calculated which cover all of wood-like material having a
appendix includes tabulated The number of installation the installations stated in the thermal conductance of at
current carrying capacities for methods described in Table Wiring Regulations, and are least 10 W/m2K. The
some of the most commonly 4A2 of appendix 4 has been called reference methods. conduit is fixed so as to be
used cables in the electrical increased to almost 80 in close to, but not necessarily
installation industry. Amendment 1 of the 17th All the individually numbered touching, the inner skin.
edition compared to just 20 in installation methods have a Heat from the cables is
These include single and the16th edition. Although this lettered reference method assumed to escape through
multicore 70 degree may appear to make things stated against them in Table the inner skin only. The
thermoplastic and 90 degree more complicated, the 4A2, except for flat twin and conduit can be metal or
thermosetting insulated cables appendix now embraces earth cables which have plastic.)
with copper conductors, 70 installation methods that are reference method numbers
degree thermoplastic insulated used but which were not 100 to 103. There are seven Reference method B –
and sheathed flat cable with previously accounted for, alphabetically lettered reference Enclosed in conduit on a
protective conductor (copper), including installation methods methods, that is A to G. wall or in trunking etc.
a range of armoured cables, in building voids, direct in
and mineral insulated cables. ground, in ducts in the ground, The lettered reference Reference method C –
Also a range of cables with and flat twin and earth cables methods broadly cover the Clipped direct.
aluminium conductors. in thermal insulation. following areas:
Reference method D –
Tables 4D1A to Tables 4J4A It is impractical to calculate Reference method A – Direct in the ground or in
contain the current carrying and publish current ratings for Enclosed in conduit in ducting in the ground.
capacities in amperes for the every installation method, thermally insulated walls
various types of cable. Each since many would result in the etc. (Note: The wall consists Reference method E –
table contains reference same current rating. Therefore of an outer weatherproof Multicore cables in free air
methods. a suitable (limited) number of skin, thermal insulation and or on perforated trays etc. E
Reference method F –
Single-core cable touching
Warning tape
in free air or on perforated
trays etc.
Reference method G –
Single-core cable spaced in
free air or on perforated
trays etc.
Sifted material
Effective current-carrying
capacity
The current-carrying capacity
of a cable corresponds to the
maximum current that can be
carried in specified conditions
without the conductors
exceeding the permissible
limit of steady-state Cable buried directly in
temperature for the type of
the ground Cable
insulation concerned.
Important: a rating factor Cf for semi-enclosed fuse to amendment 1 includes some
The values of current has to be applied where BS 3036 significant changes.
tabulated represent the the installation conditions
effective current-carrying differ from those for which Cg for grouping The current-carrying
capacity only where no rating values of current-carrying capacities tabulated for cables
factor is applicable. capacity are tabulated in Ci for thermal insulation in the ground are based upon
Tables 4D1A to Tables 4J4A a soil thermal resistivity of 2.5
Otherwise, the current of appendix 4. Cs for thermal resistivity of soil. K.m/W and are intended to be
carrying capacity corresponds applied to cables laid in and
to the tabulated value The various rating factors Cables direct in ground or in around buildings, i.e.
multiplied by the appropriate (some of which have been ducts in the ground disturbed soil.
factor or factors for ambient modified by amendment 1) It is worthwhile highlighting
temperature, grouping and are identified below. that the amendment 1 of BS In locations where the effective
thermal insulation as well as 7671:2008 (17th edition) soil thermal resistivity is higher
depth of burial and soil Ca for ambient temperature includes references for cables than 2.5 K.m/W, an
thermal resistivity, for buried buried in the ground appropriate reduction in
cables, as applicable. Where Cc for circuits buried in the (installation methods 70 to current-carrying capacity
harmonic currents are present ground 73). These were introduced in should be made. Rating
further factors may need to be the 17th edition when it was factors for soil thermal
applied. Cd for depth of burial published in 2008 but resistivities other than 2.5
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ISSN 1749-978-X
Conclusion
Please note this article is only
intended as a brief overview
of some of the changes
introduced into Appendix 4
by amendment 1 of the 17th
edition of the wiring
regulations.