Mass attached elastically to a cantilever beam

Considering a differential element,

By considering equilibrium of forces,

V
V .dx  V  F  0
x

V 2w
V .dx  V  m 2  0
x t

V 2w
.dx  Adx 2  0
x t
V 2w
 A 2  0 (1)
x t

Now considering the equilibrium of moments,

M
M  (M  .dx)  Vdx  0
x

M
V (2)
x

Using (1) in (2) we get,

 M 2w
 A 2  0
x x t

2w
Where, M  EI
x 2

4w 2w
Therefore EI   A 0 (3)
x 4 t 2

4w  A 2w
 0 (4)
x 4 EI t 2

w(x,t) = W(x).eiwt

d 4W  A
4
 ( w2eiwt )  0
dx EI

d 4W  A 2
 .w W  0 (5)
dx 4 EI

The solution of this equation is, W(x)= A1 CosβX +A2 SinβX+A3 CoshβX+A4 SinhβX

Applying the Boundary Conditions,

At x= L,

dW
W(L)= ( L)  0
dx

And at x=0,
d 2W d 2W
 (0)  0
dx 2 dx 2

d 3W
And  EI ( L)  FS (A)
dx3

Where FS is the force transmitted to the beam through the spring defined by its constant K.

Let z1 be the displacement of mass m and z2 be the displacement corresponding to the other end
of the spring.

Using Newton’s second law of motion,

d 2 z1
m  K ( z2 – z1 )
dt 2

Where, z= ( z2 – z1 )

z1=z2-z

d 2 ( z2  z )
m  K ( z2 – z1 )
dt 2

d 2 z2 d 2z
m  m  Kz
dt 2 dt 2

d 2 z2 d 2z
m  Kz  m (6)
dt 2 dt 2

Since z2=W(0)eiwt (7)

Using equation (7) in (6),

d 2z
m  Kz   w2 mW (0)eiwt (8)
dt 2

For Particular solution:

d 2z
m 2
 Kz   w2 mW (0)eiwt
dt

mD2 ( z )  Kz  w2 mW (0)eiwt

z (mD2  K )  w2 mW (0)eiwt

  w2 mW (0)eiwt
z
mD 2  K

Replace D 2 with  w 2 ,

 w2 mW (0)eiwt
z
mw2  K

w2 mW (0)eiwt
z (9)
mw2  K

Now we know that, FS = Kz

Kw2 mW (0)eiwt
Therefore, FS 
mw2  K

Multiplying and dividing by K,

w2 mW (0)eiwt
FS  (10)
mw2
1
K

Using (10) in (A),

d 3W  w2 mW (0)
 EI (0) 
dx3 mw2
1
K

And W(x)= A1 CosβX +A2 SinβX+A3 CoshβX+A4 SinhβX (11)

x 
Where X= and  
L L

 4 EI
w2 
A

 4 EI
w  4
2

L A

w2 L4  A
4 
EI
 A
 2  wL2 (A)
EI

Applying the Boundary conditions in (11),

At x=0, SF=0,BM=0

At x=L, w=0, θ=0

Therefore,

 4 EI
.mW (0)
w2 mW (0) L4  A

mw2  4 EI m
1 1 4 .
K L A K

m K
 a, b
 AL EI
L3

 4 aEI  4 aK

L3 b
 a 4
 4a
1 1
b b

Therefore,

 1 0 1 0 
 
 a a
4
1 1 
 a 4 a 4 
1  b 1
b  =0
 
 cos  sin  cosh  sinh  
  sin  cos  sinh  cosh  


2a cosh  sin  2a cos  sinh 

 cos 2   2cos  cosh   cosh 2    sin 2    sinh 2   0
a 4
a 4
1 1
b b

As cosh 2   sinh 2   1

and  cos2   sin 2   1

 a cosh  sin  a sinh  cos 
1  cos  cosh    0
a 4 a 4
1 1
b b

Now for different values of a and b, frequency coefficient (  ) can be obtained.

Considering E= 200 GPa, I= 3.125*103 ,   7850 Kg / m3 , A =0.15 m 2 , L  5m

For example if a=0.2 and b=0.1, from the MATLAB plot, we get  = 0.8

Therefore from (A),

2
w = 5.89*10-4
2  A
L
EI

if a=0.2 and b=1.0,

 =11.0,

w = 0.11

And if if a=0.2 and b=10.0,

 =14.5,

w = 0.19